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Modern Times (community)
Modern Times was a Utopian community existing from 1851 to 1864 in what is now Brentwood, New York, United States. Founded by Josiah Warren and Stephen Pearl Andrews, the community based its structure on Warren’s ideas of individual sovereignty and equitable commerce. Modern Times existed until 1864 when its citizens decided to change the name of the town to Brentwood. Writers have cited different reasons for the community’s failure. Background Warren had been a successful inventor and industrialist before he became interested in the idea of utopian communities. He was fascinated with New Harmony, Indiana, which Robert Owen had founded in 1825 as a socialist community. In 1825, Warren sold his factory and took his family to live in New Harmony which then failed within two years. Warren felt that the reasons for its failure were the authoritarian nature of the community and the socialist idea of holding all property in common.Dyson (1950) p.26. From this experience, he came ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brentwood, New York
Brentwood is a Hamlet (New York), hamlet in the Islip, New York, Town of Islip in Suffolk County, New York, Suffolk County, on Long Island, in New York (state), New York, United States. The population was 62,387 at the 2020 Census, making it the most populous CDP in Suffolk County and on all of Long Island outside of New York City. History Early history In 1844, the area was established as Thompson Station and Suffolk Station, two new stations on the expansion of the Main Line (Long Island Rail Road), Main Line of the Long Island Rail Road. On March 21, 1851, it became the utopian community named Socialist Community of Modern Times, Modern Times. The colony was established on of land by Josiah Warren and Stephen Pearl Andrews. In 1864, it was renamed Brentwood after the town of Brentwood, Essex, in England. By contract, all the land in the colony was bought and sold at cost, with being the maximum allowable lot size. The community was said to be based on the idea of self-owne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josiah Warren
Josiah Warren (; June 26, 1798 – April 14, 1874) was an American Reformism (historical), social reformer, inventor, musician, businessman, and philosopher. He is regarded as the first American Philosophical anarchism, philosophical anarchist; he took an active part in Robert Owen's experimental community at New Harmony, Indiana, in 1825–1826. Later, Warren rejected Owenism, giving birth to the Time Store Cooperative Movement (historically known as "Equity Movement"). His ideas were partly implemented through the establishment of the Cincinnati Time Store, followed by the founding of the Modern Times (community), Utopian Community of Modern Times. In his 1863 work titled ''True Civilization'', Warren outlines his philosophy founded on the "Self-ownership, sovereignty of every individual." In his subsequent development, ''Practical Applications of the Elementary Principles of True Civilization'' (1873), he proposes a Decentralization, decentralized hexagonal ideal city, drawin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stephen Pearl Andrews
Stephen Pearl Andrews (March 22, 1812 – May 21, 1886) was an American libertarian socialist, individualist anarchist, linguist, political philosopher, and outspoken Abolitionism in the United States, abolitionist. Life Andrews was born on March 22, 1812 in Templeton, Massachusetts. His father, Elisha Andrews, was a Baptist clergyman and revivalist. He graduated from the Classics department at Amherst College. He studied law and was admitted to the state bar in 1833. He moved to New Orleans where he became a wealthy lawyer and slaveowner. He was converted by abolitionism and became an abolitionist leader. He moved to Houston, Texas in 1839. He was a prominent advocate for abolitionism in the Republic of Texas and an active member of the Liberty Party (United States, 1840), Liberty Party. Andrews was mobbed for his abolitionist rhetoric in Texas, prompting him to leave the state in 1843 for England. In England, he sought funds to buy slaves in the United States in order to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Self-ownership
Self-ownership, also known as sovereignty of the individual or individual sovereignty, is the concept of property in one's own person, expressed as the moral or natural right of a person to have bodily integrity and be the exclusive controller of one's own body and life. Self-ownership is a central idea in several political philosophies that emphasize individualism, such as libertarianism, liberalism, and anarchism. Definitional issues The self American libertarian socialist Stephen Pearl Andrews frequently discussed the sovereignty of the individual in his writings. In ''The Science of Society'', he says that Protestantism, democracy and socialism are "three partial announcements of one generic principle" which is "the sovereignty of the individual". Andrews considered the sovereignty of the individual to be "the basis of harmonious intercourse amongst equals, precisely as the equal Sovereignty of States is the basis of harmonious intercourse between nations mutually r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cost The Limit Of Price
"Cost the limit of price" was a maxim coined by Josiah Warren, indicating a (prescriptive) version of the labor theory of value. Warren maintained that the just compensation for labor (or for its product) could only be an equivalent amount of labor (or a product embodying an equivalent amount).In ''Equitable Commerce'', Warren writes, "If a priest is required to get a soul out of purgatory, he sets his price according to the value which the relatives set upon his prayers, instead of their cost to the priest. This, again, is cannibalism. The same amount of labor equally disagreeable, with equal wear and tear, performed by his customers, would be a just remuneration Thus, profit, rent, and interest were considered unjust economic arrangements. As Samuel Edward Konkin III put it, "The labor theory of value recognizes no distinction between profit and plunder." In keeping with the tradition of Adam Smith's ''The Wealth of Nations'', the "cost" of labor is considered to be the su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Harmony, Indiana
New Harmony is a historic town on the Wabash River in Harmony Township, Posey County, Indiana, Harmony Township, Posey County, Indiana, Posey County, Indiana. It lies north of Mount Vernon, Indiana, Mount Vernon, the county seat, and is part of the Evansville, IN-KY Metropolitan Statistical Area, Evansville metropolitan area. The town's population was 690 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census. Established by the Harmony Society in 1814 under the leadership of George Rapp, the town was originally named Harmony (also called Harmonie, or New Harmony). In its early years the settlement was the home of Lutherans who had separated from their church in the Duchy of Württemberg and immigrated to the United States. The Harmonists built a town in the wilderness, but in 1824 they decided to sell their property and return to Pennsylvania. Robert Owen, a Wales, Welsh industrialist and social reformer, purchased the town in 1825 intending to create a utopian community and renamed it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Owen
Robert Owen (; 14 May 1771 – 17 November 1858) was a Welsh textile manufacturer, philanthropist, political philosopher and social reformer, and a founder of utopian socialism and the cooperative movement, co-operative movement. He strove to improve factory working conditions, promoted experimental socialistic communities, sought a more collective approach to child-rearing, and 'believed in lifelong education, establishing an Institute for the Formation of Character and School for Children that focused less on job skills than on becoming a better person'. He gained wealth in the early 1800s from a textile mill at New Lanark, Scotland. Having trained as a draper in Stamford, Lincolnshire he worked in London before relocating at age 18 to Manchester and textile manufacturing. In 1824, he moved to America and put most of his fortune in an experimental socialistic community at New Harmony, Indiana, as a preliminary for his utopian society. It lasted about two years. Other Owenite c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panic Of 1857
The Panic of 1857 was a financial crisis in the United States caused by the declining international economy and over-expansion of the domestic economy. Because of the invention of the telegraph Telegraphy is the long-distance transmission of messages where the sender uses symbolic codes, known to the recipient, rather than a physical exchange of an object bearing the message. Thus flag semaphore is a method of telegraphy, whereas ... by Samuel F. Morse in 1844, the Panic of 1857 was the first financial crisis to spread rapidly throughout the United States. The world economy was more interconnected by the 1850s, which made the Panic of 1857 the first worldwide economic crisis. In Britain, the Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, Palmerston government circumvented the requirements of the Bank Charter Act 1844, which required gold and silver reserves to back up the amount of money in circulation. Surfacing news of this circumvention set off the Panic in Britain. B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modern Times School
Modern Times School, also known as District 12 School and Brentwood School, is a historic school building located at Brentwood in Suffolk County, New York. History The school building was built in 1857 by the utopian community of Modern Times and was originally a small, one story, frame octagonal building sheathed in board and batten siding and surmounted by a hipped roof with octagonal cupola. It featured a rectangular projecting entrance portico surmounted by a gable roof. It has been moved twice, altered, and suffered significant deterioration. It was converted for residential use in 1907 to make room for a larger schoolhouse and was moved to its present site in 1989. ''See also:'' The building is one of the few surviving structures of the village of Modern Times, which was founded by reformers Josiah Warren and Stephen Pearl Andrews as an experimental community in the nineteenth century. The village based itself on individual freedom and was known for its lack of jail, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The New York Times
''The New York Times'' (''NYT'') is an American daily newspaper based in New York City. ''The New York Times'' covers domestic, national, and international news, and publishes opinion pieces, investigative reports, and reviews. As one of the longest-running newspapers in the United States, the ''Times'' serves as one of the country's Newspaper of record, newspapers of record. , ''The New York Times'' had 9.13 million total and 8.83 million online subscribers, both by significant margins the List of newspapers in the United States, highest numbers for any newspaper in the United States; the total also included 296,330 print subscribers, making the ''Times'' the second-largest newspaper by print circulation in the United States, following ''The Wall Street Journal'', also based in New York City. ''The New York Times'' is published by the New York Times Company; since 1896, the company has been chaired by the Ochs-Sulzberger family, whose current chairman and the paper's publ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of New York (state)
The history of New York begins around 10,000 B.C. when the first people arrived. By 1100 A.D. two main cultures had become dominant as the Iroquois, Iroquoian and Algonquian peoples, Algonquian developed. European discovery of New York was led by Giovanni da Verrazzano in 1524 followed by the first land claim in 1609 by the Dutch Republic, Dutch. As part of New Netherland, the colony was important in the fur trade and eventually became an agriculture, agricultural resource thanks to the patroon, patroon system. In 1626, the Dutch thought they had bought the island of Manhattan from Native Americans. In 1664, Kingdom of England, England renamed the colony New York, after the James II of England, Duke of York and Albany, brother of Charles II of England, King Charles II. New York City gained prominence in the 18th century as a major trading port in the Thirteen Colonies. New York (state), New York played a pivotal role during the American Revolution and subsequent American Revol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Religion In The United States
Religion in the United States began with the religions and spiritual practices of Native Americans. Later, religion also played a role in the founding of some colonies, as many colonists, such as the Puritans, came to escape religious persecution. Historians debate how much influence religion, specifically Christianity and more specifically Protestantism, had on the American Revolution. Many of the Founding Fathers were active in a local Protestant church; some of them had deist sentiments, such as Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, and George Washington. Some researchers and authors have referred to the United States as a "Protestant nation" or "founded on Protestant principles," specifically emphasizing its Calvinist heritage. Others stress the secular character of the American Revolution and note the secular character of the nation's founding documents. Protestantism in the United States, as the largest and dominant form of religion in the country, has been profoundly influ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
