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Ireviken
Irevik (also known as Ireviken or Ihreviken ) in Hangvar ''socken'' north of Visby, is a more than section of the Swedish island Gotland's coastline. History There are several settlements from Stone and Bronze Ages. There are also remains of ancient castles on the cliffs. The Ihre family Ihre farm is located at the exit road down to the bay from the country road. The first known owner of the farm was named Hans Eire. His grandson Thomas Ihre moved to Lund from Visby to finally become a judge in Linköping. Geology The Ireviken event was the first of three relatively minor extinction events (the Ireviken, Mulde, and Lau events) during the Silurian period. The event is best recorded at Ireviken, Gotland, where over 50% of trilobite species became extinct. Beach and nature The bay is framed by high cliffs and the beach is also considered one of Gotland's best beaches. In the middle is a long sandy beach which is one of Gotland's most visited. The river Ireån open ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lau Event
The Lau event was the last of three relatively minor mass extinctions (the Ireviken, Mulde, and Lau events) during the Silurian period. It had a major effect on the conodont fauna, but barely scathed the graptolites, though they suffered an extinction very shortly thereafter termed the Kozlowskii event that some authors have suggested was coeval with the Lau event and only appears asynchronous due to taphonomic reasons. It coincided with a global low point in sea level caused by glacioeustasy and is closely followed by an excursion in geochemical isotopes in the ensuing late Ludfordian faunal stage and a change in depositional regime. Biological impact The Lau event started at the beginning of the late Ludfordian, a subdivision of the Ludlow stage, about . Its strata are best exposed in Gotland, Sweden, taking its name from the parish of Lau. Its base is set at the first extinction datum, in the Eke beds, and despite a scarcity of data, it is apparent that most major groups su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hangvar
Hangvar () is a populated area, a ''socken'' (not to be confused with parish), on the Swedish island of Gotland. It comprises the same area as the administrative Hangvar District, established on 1January 2016. Hangvar is the home of football club Hangvar SK. Geography Hangvar is the name of the socken as well as the district. It is also the name of the small village surrounding the medieval Hangvar Church, sometimes referred to as ''Hangvar kyrkby''. It is situated across the northern tip of Gotland. , Hangvar Church belongs to Forsa parish in Norra Gotlands pastorat, along with the churches in Lärbro, Hellvi, Hall and Hallshuk. Located on the west coast of Hangvar are the Sigsarve beach and fishing site, as well as Ireviken (or Irevik or Ihreviken), a former fishing village now a small holiday resort and community. Along the west coast of Hangvar is the Hall-Hangvar nature reserve. The reserve is the largest on Gotland, covering an area of . The reserve was established ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mulde Event
The Mulde event was an anoxic event, and marked the second of three relatively minor mass extinctions (the Ireviken, Mulde, and Lau events) during the Silurian period. It coincided with a global drop in sea level, and is closely followed by an excursion in geochemical isotopes. Its onset is synchronous with the deposition of the Fröel Formation in Gotland. Perceived extinction in the conodont Conodonts ( Greek ''kōnos'', " cone", + ''odont'', " tooth") are an extinct group of agnathan (jawless) vertebrates resembling eels, classified in the class Conodonta. For many years, they were known only from their tooth-like oral elements, w ... fauna, however, likely represent a change in the depositional environment of sedimentary sequences rather than a genuine biological extinction. Higher resolution δ13C isotope analysis identifies differences in the organic and carbonate carbon isotope curves (Δ13C), allowing the inference of a sustained drop in CO2 levels coincident wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extinction Event
An extinction event (also known as a mass extinction or biotic crisis) is a widespread and rapid decrease in the biodiversity on Earth. Such an event is identified by a sharp change in the diversity and abundance of multicellular organisms. It occurs when the rate of extinction increases with respect to the background extinction rate and the rate of speciation. Estimates of the number of major mass extinctions in the last 540 million years range from as few as five to more than twenty. These differences stem from disagreement as to what constitutes a "major" extinction event, and the data chosen to measure past diversity. The "Big Five" mass extinctions In a landmark paper published in 1982, Jack Sepkoski and David M. Raup identified five particular geological intervals with excessive diversity loss. They were originally identified as outliers on a general trend of decreasing extinction rates during the Phanerozoic, but as more stringent statistical tests have been applied t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silurian
The Silurian ( ) is a geologic period and system spanning 24.6 million years from the end of the Ordovician Period, at million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Devonian Period, Mya. The Silurian is the shortest period of the Paleozoic Era. As with other geologic periods, the rock beds that define the period's start and end are well identified, but the exact dates are uncertain by a few million years. The base of the Silurian is set at a series of major Ordovician–Silurian extinction events when up to 60% of marine genera were wiped out. One important event in this period was the initial establishment of terrestrial life in what is known as the Silurian-Devonian Terrestrial Revolution: vascular plants emerged from more primitive land plants, dikaryan fungi started expanding and diversifying along with glomeromycotan fungi, and three groups of arthropods ( myriapods, arachnids and hexapods) became fully terrestrialized. A significant evolutionary milestone d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Sovereign States
The following is a list providing an overview of sovereign states around the world with information on their status and recognition of their sovereignty. The 206 listed states can be divided into three categories based on membership within the United Nations System: 193 member states of the United Nations, UN member states, 2 United Nations General Assembly observers#Present non-member observers, UN General Assembly non-member observer states, and 11 other states. The ''sovereignty dispute'' column indicates states having undisputed sovereignty (188 states, of which there are 187 UN member states and 1 UN General Assembly non-member observer state), states having disputed sovereignty (16 states, of which there are 6 UN member states, 1 UN General Assembly non-member observer state, and 9 de facto states), and states having a political status of the Cook Islands and Niue, special political status (2 states, both in associated state, free association with New Zealand). Compi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lund
Lund (, , ) is a city in the southern Swedish provinces of Sweden, province of Scania, across the Øresund, Öresund strait from Copenhagen. The town had 91,940 inhabitants out of a municipal total of 121,510 . It is the seat of Lund Municipality, Scania County. The Øresund Region, Öresund Region, which includes Lund, is home to more than 4.1 million people. Archeologists date the foundation of Lund to around 990, when Scania was part of Denmark. From 1103 it was the seat of the Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Lund, and the towering Lund Cathedral, built circa 1090–1145, still stands at the centre of the town. Denmark ceded the city to Sweden in the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658, and its status as part of Sweden was formalised in 1720. Lund University, established in 1666, is one of Scandinavia's oldest and largest institutions for education and research. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Köppen Climate Classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, notably in 1918 and 1936. Later, the climatologist Rudolf Geiger (1894–1981) introduced some changes to the classification system, which is thus sometimes called the Köppen–Geiger climate classification system. The Köppen climate classification divides climates into five main climate groups, with each group being divided based on seasonal precipitation and temperature patterns. The five main groups are ''A'' (tropical), ''B'' (arid), ''C'' (temperate), ''D'' (continental), and ''E'' (polar). Each group and subgroup is represented by a letter. All climates are assigned a main group (the first letter). All climates except for those in the ''E'' group are assigned a seasonal precipitation subgroup (the second letter). For example, ''Af'' i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euphrasia
''Euphrasia'', or eyebright, is a genus of about 450 species of herbaceous flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae (formerly included in the Scrophulariaceae), with a cosmopolitan distribution. They are semi-parasitic on grasses and other plants. The common name refers to the plant's use in treating eye infections. Many species are found in alpine or sub-alpine meadows where snow is common. Flowers usually are borne terminally, are zygomorphic, and have a lower petal shaped like a lip. The most common flower colours are purple, blue-white, and violet. Some species have yellow markings on the lower petal to act as a guide to pollinating insects. Alternative names, mainly in herbalism, are ''Augentrostkraut, Euphrasiae herba, Herba Euphrasiae'' and ''Herbe d'Euphraise''. Use in herbalism and medicine The plant was known to classical herbalists, but then was not referred to until mentioned again in 1305. Nicholas Culpeper assigned it to the Zodiac sign Leo, claiming that i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fumana
''Fumana'' (needle sunrose) is a small genus of flowering plants in the family Cistaceae. They are small perennial shrubs with five-lobed yellow flowers, native to rocky and sandy soils of Europe and wider Mediterranean region. ''Fumana'' shrubs can be procumbent or erect. Leaves tend to be very narrow and are almost always alternate. The genus consists of around 20 named species. List of species * ''Fumana aciphylla'' * ''Fumana arabica'' * ''Fumana bonapartei'' * ''Fumana ericifolia'' * ''Fumana ericoides'' * '' Fumana fontanesii'' * '' Fumana fontqueri'' * '' Fumana grandiflora'' * '' Fumana × heywoodii'' * '' Fumana juniperina'' * '' Fumana lacidulemiensis'' * '' Fumana laevipes'' * '' Fumana laevis'' * '' Fumana oligosperma'' * '' Fumana paphlagonica'' * '' Fumana procumbens'' * '' Fumana scoparia'' * ''Fumana thymifolia ''Fumana thymifolia'', the thyme leaved fumana, is a species of shrub in the family Cistaceae The Cistaceae are a small family of plants (rock-rose o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fishing Village
A fishing village is a village, usually located near a fishing ground, with an economy based on catching fish and harvesting seafood. The continents and islands around the world have coastlines totalling around 356,000 kilometres (221,000 mi). From Neolithic times, these coastlines, as well as the shorelines of inland lakes and the banks of rivers, have been punctuated with fishing villages. Most surviving fishing villages are traditional. Characteristics Coastal fishing villages are often somewhat isolated, and sited around a small natural harbour which provides safe haven for a village fleet of fishing boats. The village needs to provide a safe way of landing fish and securing boats when they are not in use. Fishing villages may operate from a beach, particularly around lakes. For example, around parts of Lake Malawi, each fishing village has its own beach. If a fisherman from outside the village lands fish on the beach, he gives some of the fish to the village headma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fumana Procumbens (Nadelröschen) IMG 20995
''Fumana'' (needle sunrose) is a small genus of flowering plants in the family Cistaceae. They are small perennial shrubs with five-lobed yellow flowers, native to rocky and sandy soils of Europe and wider Mediterranean region. ''Fumana'' shrubs can be procumbent or erect. Leaves tend to be very narrow and are almost always alternate. The genus consists of around 20 named species. List of species * '' Fumana aciphylla'' * '' Fumana arabica'' * '' Fumana bonapartei'' * '' Fumana ericifolia'' * '' Fumana ericoides'' * ''Fumana fontanesii'' * ''Fumana fontqueri'' * ''Fumana grandiflora'' * ''Fumana × heywoodii'' * ''Fumana juniperina'' * ''Fumana lacidulemiensis'' * ''Fumana laevipes'' * ''Fumana laevis'' * ''Fumana oligosperma'' * ''Fumana paphlagonica'' * ''Fumana procumbens'' * ''Fumana scoparia'' * ''Fumana thymifolia'' * ''Fumana trisperma ''Fumana'' (needle sunrose) is a small genus of flowering plants in the family Cistaceae. They are small perennial shrubs with five-lobed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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