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Farakou Massa
Farakou Massa is a village and rural commune in the Cercle of Ségou in the Ségou Region of Mali. The commune lies along the right bank of the River Niger and includes 8 villages in an area of approximately 109 square kilometers.. In the 2009 census it had a population of 14,314. The administrative center (''chef-lieu'') of the commune is the village of Kominé which is 49 km northeast of Ségou. Farakou was historically the seat of a minor kingdom, one of 12 making up the province of Kala under the Mali and Songhai Empires. According to legend, the first king was a woman. In 1599 the mansa of Farakou joined the Mali emperor in his disastrous assault on Djenne, the only Kala kingdom to do so besides N'Goa. In 1644 the king of Farakou joined a Arma invasion of the Sultanate of Massina The Sultanate of Massina was a state covering much of the Inner Niger Delta in what is now Mali. From its founding around 1400 CE, it was generally a tributary of larger states, includ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communes Of Mali
A Commune (administrative division), commune is the third-level administrative unit in Mali. Mali is divided into ten Regions of Mali, regions and one capital district (Bamako). These subdivisions bear the name of their principal city. The regions are divided into 56 Cercles of Mali, cercles. The cercles and the district are divided into 703 communes, with 36 urban communes and 667 rural communes, while some larger cercles still contain Arrondissements of Mali, arrondissements above the commune level, these are organisational areas with no independent power or office. Rural communes are subdivided into villages, while urban communes are subdivided into ''quartier'' (wards or quarters). Communes usually bear the name of their principal town. The capital, Bamako, consists of six urban communes. There were initially 701 communes until Law ''No. 01-043'' of 7 June 2001 created two new rural communes in the desert region in the north east of the country: Alata, Mali, Alata, Ménaka Cerc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kala (province)
Kala was a province of the Mali Empire and later the Songhai Empire, in modern-day Mali. Historically the term applied to the territory on both banks of the Niger river upstream of the Inner Niger Delta, north of Bendugu. By the 18th century the term was restricted to the north bank. History Kala was taken from Mali Empire by Sonni Ali in the 1470s.In the mid 1500s Kala was the southwestern border of the Songhai Empire, with neighboring territories still falling under Mali's domination. In 1591 the province rebelled, forcing Askia Ishaq II to campaign there. At the pivotal Battle of Jenne in 1599, the Kala Cha'a joined side of the Pashalik of Timbuktu rather than the Malimansa, but later helped the defeated Mansa escape. In 1645, a Bambara revolt destroyed the province, although the Traore petty kings remained, gradually falling under the Segou Empire. In the early 18th century the region was devastated by the invasion of the Kong Empire The Kong Empire (1710–1898), al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sultanate Of Massina
The Sultanate of Massina was a state covering much of the Inner Niger Delta in what is now Mali. From its founding around 1400 CE, it was generally a tributary of larger states, including the Mali Empire (14th century), the Songhai Empire (15th-16th centuries), the Pashalik of Timbuktu, Arma (Moroccan) pashas of Tomboctou (17th century), and the Segou Empire (18th century). In 1818 the Sultanate was overthrown by a Fula jihads, ''jihad'' led by Ahmadu Lobbo, who established the Caliphate of Hamdullahi. Etymology There are multiple theories for the origin of the name 'Massina'. One is that it was the name of a lake close to Keke, the first capital of the Sultanate near modern-day Tenenkou. Alternatively, 'Massina' could be related to the Imasna, an Afro-Berber group and the oldest ethnic strata within the population of Tichitt. 'Maasina' is an old Fula language, Fula term for the Dhar Tichitt-Walata-Néma region in the Aoukar basin. History Fulani pastoralists began to enter the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pashalik Of Timbuktu
The Pashalik of Timbuktu, also known as the Pashalik of Sudan, was a West African political entity that existed between the 16th and the 19th century. It was formed after the Battle of Tondibi, when a military expedition sent by Saadian sultan Ahmad al-Mansur of Morocco defeated the Songhai Empire and established control over a territory centered on Timbuktu. Following the decline of the Saadi Sultanate in the early 17th century, Morocco retained only nominal control of the Pashalik. Text was copied from this source, which is available under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO (CC BY 3.0 IGO)license. Background By the end of the 16th century, Moroccan Sultans were strengthened after the completion of the reunification of Morocco and the victory over the Portuguese at the Battle of the Three Kings, but their financial needs lead them to extend their realm southward to Saharan gold mines and Songhay territories. Saadian interest in the Sudan region preceded Ahmad al-Mansu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
N'Goa
N'Goa, sometimes referred to historically as Ama, Oma, or Wema, is a small town and commune in the Cercle of San in the Ségou Region of Mali. As of 1998 the commune had a population of 7,172. History N'Goa was the seat of a kingdom, a subdivision of the historical province of Bendugu, led by a cadet branch from nearby Daa. The king played a prominent role in encouraging the Mansa (title) of the Mali Empire to attack Djenne in 1599. After their subsequent defeat, N'Goa was ravaged by the armies of the Pashalik of Timbuktu The Pashalik of Timbuktu, also known as the Pashalik of Sudan, was a West African political entity that existed between the 16th and the 19th century. It was formed after the Battle of Tondibi, when a military expedition sent by Saadian sultan .... N'Goa later joined in Djenne's rebellion against the Pashalik in 1632. References Sources * Communes of Ségou Region {{Ségou-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Jenne
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and the Battle of France, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, whereas battl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mansa (title)
''Mansa'' (; ''mansaw'') is a Maninka and Mandinka language, Mandinka word for a hereditary ruler, commonly translated as "king". It is particularly known as the title of the rulers of the Mali Empire, such as Mansa Musa, and in this context is sometimes translated as "emperor". It is also a title held by traditional village rulers, and in this context is translated as "chief". ''Mansa'' contrasts with another Manding word for ruler, ''faama''. ''Faama'' emphasizes the military, coercive authority of a ruler, and can be translated as "tyrant", whereas ''mansa'' refers to a hereditary ruler whose authority is derived from tradition and mystical power. A ruler can be both a ''faama'' and a ''mansa'', but a ''mansa'' was not necessarily a ''faama''. The word ''mansa'' () was recorded in Arabic during the 14th century by North African writers such as Ibn Battuta and Ibn Khaldun, who explained it as meaning "sultan". Cognates of ''mansa'' exist in other Mandé languages, such as S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Songhai Empire
The Songhai Empire was a state located in the western part of the Sahel during the 15th and 16th centuries. At its peak, it was one of the largest African empires in history. The state is known by its historiographical name, derived from its largest ethnic group and ruling elite, the Songhai people. Sonni Ali established Gao as the empire's capital, although a Songhai state had existed in and around Gao since the 11th century. Other important cities in the kingdom were Timbuktu and Djenné, where urban-centred trade flourished; they were conquered in 1468 and 1475, respectively. Initially, the Songhai Empire was ruled by the Sonni dynasty (–1493), but it was later replaced by the Askia dynasty (1493–1591). During the second half of the 13th century, Gao and the surrounding region had grown into an important trading center and attracted the interest of the expanding Mali Empire. Mali conquered Gao near the end of the 13th century. Gao remained under Malian command until the la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mali Empire
The Mali Empire (Manding languages, Manding: ''Mandé''Ki-Zerbo, Joseph: ''UNESCO General History of Africa, Vol. IV, Abridged Edition: Africa from the Twelfth to the Sixteenth Century'', p. 57. University of California Press, 1997. or ''Manden Duguba''; ) was an empire in West Africa from 1226 to 1610. The empire was founded by Sundiata Keita () and became renowned for the wealth of its rulers, especially Mansa Musa (Musa Keita). At its peak, Mali was the largest empire in West Africa, widely influencing the culture of the region through the spread of Manding languages, its language, laws, and customs. The empire began as a small Mandinka people, Mandinka kingdom at the upper reaches of the Niger River, centered around the Manding region. It began to develop during the 11th and 12th centuries as the Ghana Empire, or Wagadu, declined and trade epicentres shifted southward. The Pre-imperial Mali, history of the Mali Empire before the 13th century is unclear, as there are conflict ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ségou
Ségou (; , ) is a town and an Communes of Mali, urban commune in south-central Mali that lies northeast of Bamako on the right bank of the River Niger. The town is the capital of the Ségou Cercle and the Ségou Region. With 130,690 inhabitants in 2009, it is the fifth-largest town in Mali. In the middle of the 19th century there were four villages with the name of Ségou spread out over a distance of around along the right bank of the river. They were, starting from the most upstream, Ségou-Koro (Old Ségou), Ségou-Bougou, Ségou-Koura (New Ségou) and Ségou-Sikoro. The present town is on the site of Ségou-Sikoro. History Origin Ségou has contested origins. Some claim that the word Ségou come from "Sikoro", meaning to the foot of a Vitellaria, shea butter tree. Others argue that it was named after Cheikou, a marabout who founded the city, while still other theories support the claim that Ségou was founded by the Bozo fishermen coming from the north in the 4th century ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regions Of Mali
Since 2016, Mali has been divided into ten regions and one district, capital district. A reorganization of the country from eight to nineteen regions was passed into law in 2012, but of the new regions, only Taoudénit Region, Taoudénit (partitioned from Tombouctou Region) and Ménaka Region, Ménaka (formerly Ménaka Cercle in Gao Region) have begun to be implemented. Each of the regions bears the name of its capital. The regions are divided into 56 Cercles of Mali, cercles. The cercles and the capital district are divided into 703 Communes of Mali, communes. In 2023, Mali has added nine new regions to its administrative structure, bringing the total to 19 regions plus the district of Bamako. This reorganization aims to improve governance and bring public services closer to local populations. This initiative continues the decentralization efforts that began with the creation of the Taoudénit and Ménaka regions in 2016. The nineteen regions in turn are subdivided into 159 Cerc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
River Niger
The Niger River ( ; ) is the main river of West Africa, extending about . Its drainage basin is in area. Its source is in the Guinea Highlands in south-eastern Guinea near the Sierra Leone border. It runs in a crescent shape through Mali, Niger, on the border with Benin and then through Nigeria, discharging through a massive delta, known as the Niger Delta, into the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean. The Niger is the third-longest river in Africa, exceeded by the Nile and the Congo River. Its main tributary is the Benue River. Etymology The Niger has different names in the different languages of the region: * Fula: ''Maayo Jaaliba'' * Manding: ''Jeliba'' or ''Joliba'' "great river" * Tuareg: ''Eġərəw n-Igərǝwăn'' "river of rivers" * Songhay: ''Isa'' "the river" * Zarma: ''Isa Beeri'' "great river" * Hausa: ''Kwara'' * Nupe: ''Èdù'' * Yoruba: ''Ọya'' "named after the Yoruba goddess Ọya, who is believed to embody the river" * Igbo: ''Orimiri'' or ''O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
