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Stylommatophora
Stylommatophora is an orderPhilippe Bouchet, Jean-Pierre Rocroi, Bernhard Hausdorf, Andrzej Kaim, Yasunori Kano, Alexander Nützel, Pavel Parkhaev, Michael Schrödl and Ellen E. Strong. 2017. Revised Classification, Nomenclator and Typification of Gastropod and Monoplacophoran Families'. Malacologia, 61(1-2): 1-526. of air-breathing land snails and slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. This taxon includes most land snails and slugs. Stylommatophorans lack an operculum, but some close their shell apertures with temporary "operculum" ( epiphragm) made of calcified mucus. They have two pairs of retractile tentacles, the upper pair of which bears eyes on the tentacle tips. All stylommatophorans are hermaphrodites. The two strong synapomorphies of Stylommatophora are a long pedal gland placed beneath a membrane and two pairs of retractile tentacles. Stylommatophora are known from the Cretaceous period up to the present day. A molecular clock estimate puts the origin of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Streptaxidae
Streptaxidae is a family of carnivorous air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the clade Stylommatophora. Streptaxidae are monophyletic while all subfamilies and several genera are polyphyletic. Six Streptaxidae subfamilies are accepted in the 2005 taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi. Streptaxidae are carnivorous except for one species '' Edentulina moreleti'', which is herbivorous. All streptaxids have well-developed radula, except '' Careoradula perelegans'', which is the only known terrestrial gastropod without radula. Altogether 66 species from the family Streptaxidae are listed in the 2010 ''IUCN Red List''. Distribution The historical area of origin of the Streptaxidae is probably Gondwanaland.Gerlach J. & Bruggen A. C. van (1999). "Streptaxidae Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pulmonata of the Seychelles Islands, western Indian Ocean". '' Zoologische Verhandelingen'' 328: 1-60abstract [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slug
Slug, or land slug, is a common name for any apparently shell-less Terrestrial mollusc, terrestrial gastropod mollusc. The word ''slug'' is also often used as part of the common name of any gastropod mollusc that has no shell, a very reduced shell, or only a small internal shell, particularly sea slugs and semi-slugs (this is in contrast to the common name ''snail'', which applies to gastropods that have a coiled shell large enough that they can fully retract their soft parts into it). Various Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic families of land slugs form part of several quite different evolutionary lineages, which also include snails. Thus, the various families of slugs are not closely related, despite the superficial similarity in overall body form. The shell-less condition has arisen many times independently as an example of convergent evolution, and thus the category "slug" is Polyphyly, polyphyletic. Taxonomy Of the six orders of Pulmonata, two – the Onchidiacea and Soleoli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terrestrial Molluscs
Terrestrial molluscs or land molluscs (mollusks) are an ecology, ecological group that includes all molluscs that live on land in contrast to Freshwater mollusc, freshwater and Sea snail, marine molluscs. They probably first occurred in the Carboniferous, arising from freshwater molluscs#Freshwater gastropods, freshwater ones. Characteristics This group includes land snails and land slugs. Loss of the shell has taken place many times in different groups that are not evolutionarily closely related, and land snails and slugs are most often treated together as a single group in specialized malacology, malacological literature.Barker G. M. (ed.) The biology of terrestrial molluscs'. CABI Publishing, 2001, 558 pp. .Barker G. M. (ed.) Natural enemies of terrestrial molluscs'. CABI Publishing, 2004, 644 pp. . All terrestrial molluscs belong to the class Gastropoda. However, colonization of the land took place several times during the evolutionary past, and as a result terrestrial mollus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aillyidae
Aillyidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the informal group Sigmurethra. Aillyidae is the only family in the superfamily Aillyoidea. This family and the genus is named in honor of Swedish malacologist Adolf d'Ailly (1855-1927). Taxonomy The family Aillyidae is classified within the informal group Sigmurethra, itself belonging to the clade Stylommatophora within the clade Eupulmonata (according to taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). This family has no subfamilies. Prestonellidae has been tentatively placed as a synonym of Aillyidae in the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005. Herbert & Mitchell (2009) have moved Prestonellidae to the superfamily Orthalicoidea.Herbert D. G. & Mitchell A. (2009). "Phylogenetic relationships of the enigmatic land snail genus ''Prestonella'': the missing African element in the Gondwanan superfamily Orthalicoidea (Mollusca: Stylommatophora)". ''Zoological J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Streptaxoidea
Streptaxoidea is a superfamily of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the suborder Achatinina of the order Stylommatophora. Taxonomy 2005 taxonomy There have been recognized the only family Streptaxidae within Streptaxoidea in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005). 2010 taxonomy Sutcharit et al. (2010)Sutcharit C., Naggs F., Wade C. M., Fontanilla I. & Panha S. (2010). "The new family Diapheridae, a new species of ''Diaphera'' Albers from Thailand, and the position of the Diapheridae within a molecular phylogeny of the Streptaxoidea (Pulmonata: Stylommatophora)". ''Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society'' 160: 1-16. . have established a new family Diapheridae within Streptaxoidea as follows: * family Streptaxidae Gray, 1860 * family Diapheridae Panha & Naggs, 2010 Rowson et al. (2011)Rowson B., Tattersfield P. & Symondson W. O. C. (2011). "Phylogeny and biogeography of tropical carnivorous land-snails (Pulmonata: Streptaxoidea) w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Land Snail
A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have gastropod shell, shells (those without shells are known as slugs). However, it is not always easy to say which species are terrestrial, because some are more or less amphibious between land and fresh water, and others are relatively amphibious between land and salt water. Land snails are a Polyphyly, polyphyletic group comprising at least ten independent evolutionary transitions to terrestrial life (the last common ancestor of all gastropods was marine). The majority of land snails are pulmonates that have a lung and breathe air. Most of the non-pulmonate land snails belong to lineages in the Caenogastropoda, and tend to have a gill and an operculum (gastropod), operculum. The largest clade of non-pulmonate land snails is the Cyclophoroidea, with more than 7,0 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pulmonate
Pulmonata or pulmonates is an informal group (previously an order, and before that, a subclass) of snails and slugs characterized by the ability to breathe air, by virtue of having a pallial lung instead of a gill, or gills. The group includes many land and freshwater families, and several marine families. The taxon Pulmonata as traditionally defined was found to be polyphyletic in a molecular study per Jörger ''et al.'', dating from 2010. Pulmonata are known from the Carboniferous period to the present. Pulmonates have a single atrium and kidney, and a concentrated symmetrical nervous system. The mantle cavity is on the right side of the body, and lacks gills, instead being converted into a vascularised lung. Most species have a shell, but no operculum, although the group does also include several shell-less slugs. Pulmonates are hermaphroditic, and some groups possess love darts. Linnean taxonomy The taxonomy of this group according to the taxonomy of the Gastrop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Achatinoidea
The Achatinoidea are a superfamily of air-breathing land snails and slugs, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the suborder Achatinina. 2005 taxonomy According to taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005 there are four families within the superfamily Achatinoidea, that is based on the study by Nordsieck, published in 1986. . *Family Achatinidae Swainson, 1840 *Family Ferussaciidae Bourguignat, 1883 *Family Micractaeonidae Schileyko, 1999 *Family Subulinidae P. Fischer & Crosse, 1877 2017 taxonomy Fontanilla et al. recognized Subulinidae as not monophyletic in 2017 and they classified Subulininae within Achatinidae. This is also the taxonomy followed in the MolluscaBase/World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS): * Family Achatinidae Swainson, 1840 * Family Aillyidae H. B. Baker, 1955 * Family Ferussaciidae Ferussaciidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the Taxonomic rank, superfamily Ach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caucasotachea Atrolabiata
''Caucasotachea'' is a genus of medium-sized air-breathing land snails, terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Helicidae. Species The following extant species are currently classified in the genus: * ''Caucasotachea atrolabiata'' (Krynicki, 1833) * ''Caucasotachea leucoranea'' (Albert Mousson, Mousson, 1863) * ''Caucasotachea vindobonensis'' (Carl Jonas Pfeiffer, C. Pfeiffer, 1828) Several fossil taxa are placed to ''Caucasotachea'': * † ''Caucasotachea andrussovi'' Steklov, 1966 * † ''Caucasotachea beringi'' Schütt, 1985 * † ''Caucasotachea candirensis'' Schütt, 1985 * † ''Caucasotachea kubanica'' Steklov, 1966 * † ''Caucasotachea phrygomysica'' (Oppenheim, 1919) Genetics The haploid number of chromosomes is 25 (''C. vindobonensis'') or 26 (''C. atrolabiata''). References {{Taxonbar, from=Q100023922 Helicidae Gastropod genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helicella Macedonica
''Helicella'' is a genus of small to medium-sized, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Helicellinae of the family Geomitridae, the hairy snails and their allies.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Helicella A. Férussac, 1821. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=153980 on 1 February 2021 Species Species within the genus ''Helicella'' include: AnimalBase, accessed 29 June 2010. * '' Helicella bolenensis'' (Locard, 1882) * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gastropod
Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and from the land. There are many thousands of species of sea snails and sea slug, slugs, as well as freshwater snails, freshwater limpets, land snails and slugs. The class Gastropoda is a diverse and highly successful class of mollusks within the phylum Mollusca. It contains a vast total of named species, second only to the insects in overall number. The fossil history of this class goes back to the Furongian, Late Cambrian. , 721 family (taxonomy), families of gastropods are known, of which 245 are extinct and appear only in the fossil record, while 476 are currently neontology, extant living fossil, with or without a fossil record. Gastropoda (previously known as univalves and sometimes spelled "Gasteropoda") are a major part of the phylum Mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diapheridae
Diapheridae is a family (biology), family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Streptaxoidea.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Diapheridae Panha & Naggs, 2010. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=762799 on 2021-06-19 Sutcharit et al. (2010) established the new family Diapheridae within the superfamily Streptaxoidea in 2010. Genera The family Diapheridae includes : * ''Bruggennea'' Dance, 1972 * ''Diaphera'' Albers, 1850 * ''Laoennea'' Páll-Gergely, 2020 * ''Parasinoennea'' Z.-Y. Chen & Páll-Gergely, 2020 * ''Platycochlium'' Laidlaw, 1950 * ''Platylennea'' Páll-Gergely, 2020 * ''Pupennea'' Páll-Gergely, 2020 * ''Rowsonia'' Páll-Gergely, 2020 * ''Sinoennea'' Kobelt, 1904 * ''Tonkinia'' Mabille, 1887 ;Synonym: * ''Diaphora'' Martens, 1860 accepted as ''Diaphera'' Albers, 1850 (unjustified emendation of the original name) R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
