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Chomsky
Avram Noam Chomsky (born December 7, 1928) is an American professor and public intellectual known for his work in linguistics, political activism, and social criticism. Sometimes called "the father of modern linguistics", Chomsky is also a major figure in analytic philosophy and one of the founders of the field of cognitive science. He is a laureate professor of linguistics at the University of Arizona and an institute professor emeritus at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Among the most cited living authors, Chomsky has written more than 150 books on topics such as linguistics, war, and politics. In addition to his work in linguistics, since the 1960s Chomsky has been an influential voice on the American left as a consistent critic of U.S. foreign policy, contemporary capitalism, and corporate influence on political institutions and the media. Born to Ashkenazi Jewish immigrants in Philadelphia, Chomsky developed an early interest in anarchism from al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Chomsky
William Chomsky (born Ze'ev Chomsky; January 15, 1896July 19, 1977) was an American scholar of the Hebrew language. He was born in the Russian Empire (modern Ukraine) and settled in the United States in 1913. From 1924 until 1969, he was a member of the faculty at the Jewish teacher-training institution Gratz College, becoming faculty president in 1932. In 1955, he also began teaching courses at Dropsie College, with which he was affiliated until 1977. He was the father of Noam Chomsky. Early life and education Chomsky was born in 1896 in Kupil in the Volhynian Governorate of the Russian Empire (modern Ukraine), the son of Meyer and Esther (Essie) Korman Chomsky. His first name was Ze'ev and he was known by the diminutive Velvel,''Baltimore, Maryland, U.S., Passenger Lists, 1820-1964'' the corresponding Yiddish name for William. His father immigrated to the United States in 1908 and worked as a presser in a clothing shop in Baltimore, and the rest of the family arrived five ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zellig Harris
Zellig Sabbettai Harris (; October 23, 1909 – May 22, 1992) was an influential American linguist, mathematical syntactician, and methodologist of science. Originally a Semiticist, he is best known for his work in structural linguistics and discourse analysis and for the discovery of transformational structure in language. These developments from the first 10 years of his career were published within the first 25. His contributions in the subsequent 35 years of his career include transfer grammar, string analysis ( adjunction grammar), elementary sentence-differences (and decomposition lattices), algebraic structures in language, operator grammar, sublanguage grammar, a theory of linguistic information, and a principled account of the nature and origin of language. Biography Harris was born on October 23, 1909, in Balta, in the Podolia Governorate of the Russian Empire (present-day Ukraine). He was Jewish. In 1913 when he was four years old his family immigrated to Philadelph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrea Moro
Andrea Carlo Moro (; born 24 July 1962) is an Italian linguist, neuroscientist and novelist. He is currently full professor of general linguistics at the Institute for Advanced Study IUSS Pavia and the Scuola Normale Superiore in Pisa, Italy, and founder and former director of NeTS and of the Department of Cognitive Behavioural and Social Sciences. He studied at the University of Pavia for his laurea, then he got a Ph.D. at the University of Padua; he has been visiting a scientist several times at MIT, first with a Fulbright grant, then at Harvard. He was a professor at the University of Bologna and the Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele. He is a member of the Academia Europaea and the Pontifical Academy of Fine Arts and Letters of the Virtuosi al Pantheon. Academic biography Moro's main fields of research are syntax and neurolinguistics. He has pursued at least two distinct lines of research: the theory of syntax and the neurological correlates of syntax with the brain. F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tanya Reinhart
Tanya Reinhart (; 1943 – 17 March 2007) was an Israeli linguist and political activist. A frequent writer on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, she contributed columns to the Israeli centrist newspaper '' Yedioth Ahronoth'' and longer articles to the American left-wing magazines '' CounterPunch'' and '' ZNetwork'' and the global open publishing network Indymedia. Biography Reinhart was born in Haifa in 1943 and was raised by her mother. Victoria Brittain"Tanya Reinhart" ''The Guardian'', 21 March 2007. She studied philosophy and Hebrew literature at the Hebrew University, Jerusalem as an undergraduate, where she later received an M.A. in comparative literature and philosophy. In 1976 she obtained a Ph.D. in linguistics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Her thesis supervisor was Noam Chomsky. She was active in the Communist Youth League, following in the steps of her mother. Reinhart was a professor of linguistics and literary theory at Tel-Aviv University. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joan Bresnan
Joan Wanda Bresnan FBA (born August 22, 1945) is Sadie Dernham Patek Professor in Humanities Emerita at Stanford University. She is best known as one of the architects (with Ronald Kaplan) of the theoretical framework of lexical functional grammar. Career and research After graduating from Reed College in 1966 with a degree in philosophy, Bresnan earned her doctorate in linguistics in 1972 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where she studied with Noam Chomsky. In the early and mid 1970s, her work focused on complementation and wh-movement constructions within transformational grammar, and she frequently took positions at odds with those espoused by Chomsky. Her dissatisfaction with transformational grammar led her to collaborate with Kaplan on a new theoretical framework, lexical-functional grammar, or LFG. A volume of papers written in the new framework and edited by Bresnan, entitled ''The Mental Representation of Grammatical Relations'', appeared in 1982. Since ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Howard Lasnik
Howard Lasnik (born July 3, 1945) is a distinguished university professor in the department of linguistics at the University of Maryland. He studied at the Carnegie Institute of Technology (B.S., 1967), Harvard University (M.A., 1969) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Ph.D., 1972). He joined the faculty of the University of Connecticut in 1972, and took up his present post at the University of Maryland in 2002. Lasnik has been a prominent contributor to the syntax literature within a Chomskyan framework, and is one of only a few linguists to have co-written articles with Noam Chomsky Avram Noam Chomsky (born December 7, 1928) is an American professor and public intellectual known for his work in linguistics, political activism, and social criticism. Sometimes called "the father of modern linguistics", Chomsky is also a .... He describes himself as a "conservative" who often finds himself "trying to resurrect old analyses or maintain current analyses that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Lees (linguist)
Robert B. Lees (9 July 1922 – 6 December 1996) was an American linguist. Education Lees went to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1956 to work on its machine translation project. He first came to notice with an influential review of Noam Chomsky's '' Syntactic Structures'' (1957) and with his 1960 book ''The Grammar of English Nominalizations''. Lees was later dismissed from his research position by Victor Yngve, as Lees had wanted to continue working on straight linguistics rather than on machine translation. He then enrolled in the electrical engineering department at MIT, from which he obtained his Ph.D. in linguistics under Chomsky. Lees' role in fostering Chomskian transformational generative grammar is discussed in Newmeyer (1986: 35-36). Career Lees was the first Head of the Department of Linguistics at the University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign, serving from 1965 to 1968. In 1969, Lees moved to Israel to teach at Tel Aviv University, and he established t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaklin Kornfilt
Jaklin Kornfilt is a theoretical linguist and professor at Syracuse University who is well known for her contributions to the fields of syntax, morphology, Turkish language and grammar, and Turkic language typology. Early life and education Kornfilt graduated from German High School in Istanbul, Turkey. She then graduated from Heidelberg University with a bachelor's degree in applied linguistics and translation studies in 1970. She obtained a Master of Arts degree in theoretical linguistics from Harvard University in 1980. She earned a PhD again in theoretical linguistics from the same university in 1985. Her PhD thesis was "Case Marking, Agreement, and Empty Categories in Turkish". Career After graduation, Kornfilt began to work as an instructor at Syracuse University in 1983. She became professor of linguistics in 2003 in the Department of Languages, Literatures and Linguistics (LLL). At Syracuse University, she is also former Director of the Linguistic Studies Program and of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gulsat Aygen
Gülşat Aygen is a Turkish linguist, educator, author, editor, and translator. Aygen's research agenda includes both theoretical and applied linguistics, encompassing morphosyntax, language education, and many Turkic languages, particularly Turkish, her native language. She is currently a distinguished teaching professor of linguistics at Northern Illinois University. Aygen's wider intellectual interests have led her to translate dozens of articles, a book, and edit many translated books from English to Turkish, transcribe and edit old Ottoman manuscripts. The 8th edition of her translation of Elias Canetti’s '' Crowds and Power'' was published in 1998. Education Aygen received her BA in 1996 and her MA in 1998 from Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey. She received her Ph.D. in linguistics from Harvard University, after completing her graduate studies at Harvard and MIT (1998–2002). Her formal advisors were primarily Jim C-T Huang of Harvard and Shigeru Miyagawa of MI ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Klima
Edward S. Klima (June 21, 1931 – September 25, 2008) was an American linguist who specialized in the study of sign languages. Klima's work was heavily influenced by Noam Chomsky's then-revolutionary theory of the biological basis of linguistics, and applied that analysis to sign languages. Klima, much of whose work was in collaboration with his wife, Ursula Bellugi, was among the first to prove that sign languages are complete languages and have complex grammars that have all the features of grammars of oral languages. Widespread recognition of this fact was one of the catalysts of the cultural changes in and towards the Deaf community in favor of encouraging the use of sign language, which had often been discouraged in favor of lip reading in the past. Education and career Klima graduated from James Ford Rhodes High School in Cleveland, Ohio in 1949. He studied linguistics at Dartmouth College, earning his bachelor's degree in 1953. Two years later, he received a master ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diane Massam
Diane Massam is a Canadian linguist, Professor Emeritus at the University of Toronto. Education and research She earned her PhD in linguistics under Noam Chomsky in 1985 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She held a position in the Department of Linguistics at the University of Toronto from 1989 until her retirement in 2017, when she became professor emeritus. Massam specializes in the syntax of Niuean, an Austronesian language spoken in the South Pacific country of Niue. She developed an analysis of a type of verb plus noun compounding called noun incorporation which has opened a window to analyze similar phenomena in other languages. Her analysis also proposed a novel way of understanding the relationship between a subject and its predicate. Honors She was a keynote speaker at the 21st annual meeting of the Austronesian Formal Linguistics Association (AFLA) in 2014. She has served on the Advisory Board of the Canadian Journal of Linguistics, and on the Edit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivan Sag
Ivan Andrew Sag (November 9, 1949 – September 10, 2013) was an American linguist and cognitive scientist. He did research in areas of syntax and semantics as well as work in computational linguistics. Personal life Born in Alliance, Ohio on November 9, 1949, Sag attended the Mercersburg Academy but was expelled shortly before graduation. He received a BA from the University of Rochester, an MA from the University of Pennsylvania—where he studied comparative Indo-European languages, Sanskrit, and sociolinguistics—and a PhD from MIT in 1976, writing his dissertation (advised by Noam Chomsky) on ellipsis. Sag received a Mellon Fellowship at Stanford University in 1978–79, and remained in California from that point on. He was appointed a position in Linguistics at Stanford, and earned tenure there. He died of cancer in 2013. He was married to sociolinguist Penelope Eckert. Academic work Sag made notable contributions to the fields of syntax, semantics, pragmatics, and lan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
