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Chaamba Riding A Camel In Southern Tunisia
The Chaamba () are an Arabs, Arab tribe in the northern Algerian Desert, Sahara of central Algeria. They are a large tribe of Bedouin, Bedouins and live in a large desert territory to the south of the Atlas Mountains, around Metlili, El Golea, Ouargla, El Oued, and the Grand Erg Occidental, Great Western Erg, including Timimoun and Béni Abbès While traditionally they were nomads specialised in raising camels and caravan trade, most have settled in the oases over the past century. The date palm is the most important agricultural product for the Chaamba. Origin The Chaamba are of Arabs, Arab origin and are descended from Banu Sulaym who migrated from the Arabian Peninsula with Banu Hilal. They speak an Arabic dialect classified as Hilalian dialects, Hilalian. History In 1937 it was estimated that 80 percent of all shops in the southwestern Sahara in Algeria were owned by the Chaamba and in 1961 they had a population of 20,000 people. In 1984 clashes broke out between the Mali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabs
Arabs (, , ; , , ) are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa. A significant Arab diaspora is present in various parts of the world. Arabs have been in the Fertile Crescent for thousands of years. In the 9th century BCE, the Assyrians made written references to Arabs as inhabitants of the Levant, Mesopotamia, and Arabia. Throughout the Ancient Near East, Arabs established influential civilizations starting from 3000 BCE onwards, such as Dilmun, Gerrha, and Magan, playing a vital role in trade between Mesopotamia, and the Mediterranean. Other prominent tribes include Midian, ʿĀd, and Thamud mentioned in the Bible and Quran. Later, in 900 BCE, the Qedarites enjoyed close relations with the nearby Canaanite and Aramaean states, and their territory extended from Lower Egypt to the Southern Levant. From 1200 BCE to 110 BCE, powerful kingdoms emerged such as Saba, Lihyan, Minaean, Qataban, Hadhramaut, Awsan, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand Erg Occidental
The Grand Erg Occidental (, al-ʿIrq al-Gharbī al-Kabīr), (also known as the Western Sand Sea) is the second largest erg in northern Algeria after the Grand Erg Oriental. It covers an area of approximately . The sand dunes in the erg are formed by the wind, and can be up to high. Certain crescent-shaped dunes, known as barchans, are actually mobile; the wind can push these dunes as much as 20 to 30 m (65–100 ft) in one year. Geography It is a desert natural region that receives less than 50 mm (1,96 in) of rainfall per year. The mean elevation of the Grand Erg Occidental is about 500 m, on average higher than the elevation of the Grand Erg Oriental, but not as high as the neighboring Tademaït to the southwest. This desolate region is a practically uninhabited area; there are no permanent villages. Features Image:GrandErgOccidental STS059-238-88.jpg, Grand Erg Occidental (centre), as seen from space File:Ksar aghlad timimoune.jpg, Ksar of Aghlad; a Ksar -which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berriane
Berriane (from Tamazight: ''Bergan'') () is a medium-sized town and commune in the south of Algeria, coextensive with Bérianne District, in Ghardaïa Province, Algeria. It is located in the north of the Sahara desert, in the extreme North of the wilaya of Ghardaïa, south of Algiers and north of Ghardaïa City. As of the 2008 census it has a population of 30,200, up from 24,802 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 2.0%. It occupies an area of 2.250 km2. History Archaeological, prehistoric and historical testimonies indicate that the area of Berriane was inhabited since at least the Neolithic era. The population of Berriane are principally of Zenata Mozabite origin. The town of Berriane forms an integral part of the history of the area of M'zab. It is chronologically the youngest of all the cities of the M'zab region. Recent events Although an ancient Berber town, with a majority Zenata Ibadi population, in recent years many Chaambi (Bedouin) Arabs have settl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mozabite People
The Mozabite people or Banu Mzab (; ) are a Berbers, Berber ethnic group inhabiting the M'zab natural region in the northern Sahara of Algeria, numbering about 150,000 to 300,000 people. They primarily speak the Mozabite language, one of the Zenati languages in the Berber languages, Berber branch of the Afroasiatic languages, Afroasiatic family. Mozabites are primarily Ibadi Islam, Ibadi Muslims, but there was a small population of Mzabi Jews as well. Mozabites mainly live in five oasis, oases; namely, Ghardaïa, Beni Isguen, El Atteuf, Melika and Bounoura, as well as two other isolated oases farther north: Berriane and El Guerrara. Ghardaïa is the capital of the confederation, followed in importance by Beni Isguen, the chief commercial centre. Etymology According to Ibn Khaldun, the name Mzab comes from Maṣʿab referring to the supposed ancestor Maṣʿab ibn Sadmān, hence Banī Maṣʿāb. Others claimed that the word Mzab is a corruption of “Muṣʿab”, “Muṣʿā ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibadi Islam
Ibadism (, ) is a school of Islam concentrated in Oman established from within the Kharijites. The followers of the Ibadi sect are known as the Ibadis or, as they call themselves, The People of Truth and Integrity (). Ibadism emerged around 60 years after the Islamic prophet Muhammad's death in AD 632 as a moderate school of the Kharijite movement, although contemporary Ibadis may object to being classified as Kharijites. Ibadis are much less numerous than the two largest Muslim denominations: Sunni Islam, Sunnis—who account for 85-90 percent of the Muslim world—and Shia Islam, Shias. Today, the largest of these communities is in Oman, where they constitute the majority. It is also practiced to a lesser extent in Algeria (in M'zab, Mzab), Tunisia (in Djerba), Libya (in Nafusa Mountains, Nafusa), and Tanzania (in Zanzibar). History Background The Ibadis began as a moderate branch of the Kharijites, an Islamic sect that split from the Muhakkima and al-Haruriyya. These gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maliki
The Maliki school or Malikism is one of the four major madhhab, schools of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam. It was founded by Malik ibn Anas () in the 8th century. In contrast to the Ahl al-Hadith and Ahl al-Ra'y schools of thought, the Maliki school takes a unique position known as ''Ahl al-Amal'', in which they consider the Sunnah to be primarily sourced from the practice of the people of Medina and Urf, living Islamic traditions for their rulings on Sharia, Islamic law. The Maliki school is one of the largest groups of Sunni Muslims, comparable to the Shafi’i madhhab in adherents, but smaller than the Hanafi madhhab. Sharia based on Maliki Fiqh is predominantly found in North Africa (excluding parts of Egypt), West Africa, Chad, Sudan and the Persian Gulf, Arabian Gulf. In the Middle Ages, medieval era, the Maliki school was also found in parts of Islam in Europe, Europe under Islamic rule, particularly Al-Andalus, Islamic Spain and the Emirate of Sicily. A major ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hilalian Dialects
The Hilalian dialects () are a continuum of Arabic dialects of the Maghreb, which were introduced during the Hilalian invasions between the 11th and 12th centuries, as well as the migration of Arab Hilalian tribes to the Western Maghreb. These dialects played a great role in the emergence of the Egyptian and Maghrebi dialects.François Decret, Les invasions hilaliennes en Ifrîqiya The Bani Hilal tribes settled in the region of Casablanca-Settat in Morocco, parts of Libya, central Algeria, and Tunisia. Etymology The term ''Hilalian dialects'' refer to Banu Hilal, a confederation of Arab nomadic tribes who invaded North Africa in the eleventh century. The story is documented in an epic poem called Sirat Bani Hilal. One famous man who fought against the Berber tribes of Zenata and Sanhaja and guaranteed the independence of the Hawazin tribes was Abu Zayd al-Hilali. Along with the pre-existing sedentary pre-Hilalian Arabic dialects, they constitute the larger Maghrebi Arabic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banu Hilal
The Banu Hilal () was a confederation of Arab tribes from the Najd region of the central Arabian Peninsula that emigrated to the Maghreb region of North Africa in the 11th century. They ruled the Najd, and campaigned in the borderlands between Iraq and Syria. When the Fatimid Caliphate became the rulers of Egypt and the founders of Cairo in 969, they confined the Bedouin in the south before sending them to Central North Africa (Libya, Tunisia and Algeria) and then to Morocco. Historians estimate the total number of Arab nomads who migrated to the Maghreb in the 11th century to be to 500,000 to 700,000 to 1,000,000. Historian Mármol Carvajal estimated that more than a million Hilalians migrated to the Maghreb between 1051 and 1110, and estimated that the Hilalian population in the Maghreb at his time in 1573 was at 4,000,000 individuals, excluding other Arab tribes and other Arabs already present. Origin The Banu Hilal originated in Najd in the central Arabian Peninsula, som ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabian Peninsula
The Arabian Peninsula (, , or , , ) or Arabia, is a peninsula in West Asia, situated north-east of Africa on the Arabian plate. At , comparable in size to India, the Arabian Peninsula is the largest peninsula in the world. Geographically, the Arabian Peninsula comprises Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Yemen, as well as southern Iraq and Jordan. The largest of these is Saudi Arabia. In the Roman era, the Sinai Peninsula was also considered a part of Arabia. The Arabian Peninsula formed as a result of the rifting of the Red Sea between 56 and 23 million years ago, and is bordered by the Red Sea to the west and south-west, the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman to the north-east, the Levant and Mesopotamia to the north and the Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean to the south-east. The peninsula plays a critical geopolitical role in the Arab world and globally due to its vast reserves of petroleum, oil and natural gas. Before the mod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Béni Abbès
Béni Abbès (), also known as the ''Pearl of the Saoura'', and also as the ''White Oasis'', is a town and commune located in western Algeria in Béchar Province, from the provincial capital Béchar, and from Algiers. It has been the capital of the Béni Abbès District since 1957. The commune's area is approximately , with a population of 10,885 inhabitants as of the 2008 census, up from 8,850 in 1998, and a population growth rate of 2.1%. Béni Abbès lies in the Saoura valley, on the left bank of the intermittent wadi called Oued Saoura. There are seven ksars (castles) in Béni Abbès, including a particularly large one found in a palm grove in the river valley. The people of Béni Abbès are often referred to as ''Abbabsa''. Etymology Béni Abbès is written in Arabic بني عباس, Bani Abbas ("The children of Abbas"). C. Rames explains in his book ''Beni-Abbes (Oran Sahara): Historical, geographical and medical study (1941)'' that the origin of the name comes fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timimoun
Timimoun () is a town and Communes of Algeria, commune, and capital of Timimoun District, in Timimoun Province, south-central Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 33,060, up from 28,595 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 1.5%. Timimoun is known for the red ochre color of its buildings. Geography The town of Timimoun lies at an elevation of around in the Gourara region of southern Timimoun Province. It is located on the south-eastern side of an oasis which supports the town's population. A Sabkha, sebkha (salt lake) lies further to the northwest, while the plateau of Tademaït rises to the southeast. Climate Timimoun has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification ''BWh''), with extremely hot summers and warm winters, with minimal rainfall throughout the year. The annual mean temperature almost reaches 25 °C (77 °F). Transportation Timimoun lies on the N51 national highway, a road which runs roughly west to east from the N6 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El Oued
El Oued (), Souf or Oued Souf is a city, and the capital of El Oued Province, in Algeria. The oasis town is watered by an underground river, hence its name is El Oued which enables date palm cultivation and the rare use (for the desert) of brick construction for housing. As most roofs are domed, it is known as the "City of a Thousand Domes". El Oued is located south east of Algiers (the capital city of Algeria), near the Tunisian border. The population of El Oued was 134,699 as of the 2008 census, up from 105,256 in 1998, with a population growth rate of 2.5%. History In the 11th century, the Fatimid Caliphate, Fatimids sent Banu Hilal to the Tripolitania, Tunisia and Constantine Province, Constantine areas to fight against the Zirid dynasty, Zirids. Culture The inhabitants belong to Teroud tribe (Arabic: بنو طرود) living in and near Oued Souf area. Climate El Oued has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification ''BWh''), with very hot summers and mild ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
