CAMP Response Element-binding Protein
CREB-TF (CREB, cAMP response element-binding protein) is a cellular transcription factor. It binds to certain DNA sequences called cAMP response elements (CRE), thereby increasing or decreasing the transcription (genetics), transcription of the genes. CREB was first described in 1987 as a cyclic adenosine monophosphate, cAMP-responsive transcription factor regulating the somatostatin gene. Genes whose transcription is regulated by CREB include: ''c-fos'', BDNF, tyrosine hydroxylase, numerous neuropeptides (such as somatostatin, enkephalin, VGF, corticotropin-releasing hormone), and genes involved in the mammalian circadian clock (PER1, PER2). CREB is closely related in structure and function to CAMP responsive element modulator, CREM (cAMP response element modulator) and ATF-1 (activating transcription factor-1) proteins. CREB proteins are expressed in many animals, including humans. CREB has a well-documented role in Neuroplasticity, neuronal plasticity and long-term memory fo ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Activating Transcription Factor-1
Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ATF1'' gene. This gene encodes an activating transcription factor, which belongs to the ATF subfamily and bZIP (basic-region leucine zipper) family. It influences cellular physiologic processes by regulating the expression of downstream target genes, which are related to growth, survival, and other cellular activities. This protein is phosphorylated at serine 63 in its kinase-inducible domain by serine/threonine kinases, cAMP-dependent protein kinase A, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I/II, mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase and cyclin-dependent kinase 3 (cdk-3). Its phosphorylation enhances its transactivation and transcriptional activities, and enhances cell transformation. Clinical significance Fusion of this gene and FUS on chromosome 16 or EWSR1 on chromosome 22 induced by translocation generates chimeric proteins in angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma and clea ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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CREB3L1
CAMP responsive element binding protein 3 like 1, also known as OASIS, is a responsive element binding protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CREB3L1'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is normally found in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). However, upon stress to the ER, the encoded protein is cleaved, and the released cytoplasmic transcription factor domain translocates to the nucleus. There it activates the transcription of target genes by binding to box-B elements. rovided by RefSeq, Jun 2013 Implications in Disease Pathogenic variants in ''CREB3L1'' have been linked to Osteogenesis Imperfecta Osteogenesis imperfecta (; OI), colloquially known as brittle bone disease, is a group of genetic disorders that all result in bones that bone fracture, break easily. The range of symptoms—on the skeleton as well as on the body's other Or .... References Further reading * * * * * * * * * {{gene-11-stub ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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CREB5
Cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CREB5'' gene. The product of this gene belongs to the CRE ( cAMP response element)-binding protein family. Members of this family contain zinc finger and bZIP DNA-binding domains. The encoded protein specifically binds to CRE as a homodimer or a heterodimer with c-Jun Transcription factor Jun is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''JUN'' gene. c-Jun, in combination with protein c-Fos, forms the AP-1 early response transcription factor. It was first identified as the Fos-binding protein p39 and only l ... or CRE-BP1, and functions as a CRE-dependent trans-activator. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. References External links * Further reading * * * * * * {{gene-7-stub ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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CREB3
Cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CREB3'' gene. This gene encodes a transcription factor that is a member of the leucine zipper family of DNA binding proteins. This protein binds to the cAMP-responsive element, an octameric palindrome. The protein interacts with host cell factor C1, which also associates with the herpes simplex virus (HSV) protein VP16 that induces transcription of HSV immediate-early genes. This protein and VP16 both bind to the same site on host cell factor C1. It is thought that the interaction between this protein and host cell factor C1 plays a role in the establishment of latency during HSV infection. An additional transcript variant has been identified, but its biological validity has not been determined. Interactions CREB3 has been shown to interact with Host cell factor C1. See also * CREB CREB-TF (CREB, cAMP response element-binding protein) is a cellular transcription factor. It binds ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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ATF4
Activating transcription factor 4 (tax-responsive enhancer element B67), also known as ATF4, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ATF4'' gene. Function This gene encodes a transcription factor that was originally identified as a widely expressed mammalian DNA binding protein that could bind a tax-responsive enhancer element in the LTR of HTLV-1. The encoded protein was also isolated and characterized as the cAMP-response element binding protein 2 ( CREB-2). The protein encoded by this gene belongs to a family of DNA-binding proteins that includes the AP-1 family of transcription factors, cAMP-response element binding proteins ( CREBs) and CREB-like proteins. These transcription factors share a leucine zipper region that is involved in protein–protein interactions, located C-terminal to a stretch of basic amino acids that functions as a DNA-binding domain. Two alternative transcripts encoding the same protein have been described. Two pseudogenes are located on ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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CREB1
CAMP responsive element binding protein 1, also known as CREB-1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CREB1'' gene. This protein binds the cAMP response element, a DNA nucleotide sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters. The binding of CREB1 stimulates transcription. This protein is a CREB transcription factor that is a member of the leucine zipper family of DNA-binding proteins. This protein binds as a homodimer to the cAMP-responsive element, an octameric palindrome. The protein is phosphorylated by several protein kinases, and induces transcription of genes in response to hormonal stimulation of the cAMP pathway. Alternate splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants encoding different isoforms. See also *CREB Interactions CREB1 has been shown to interact with: * CEBPB, * CREB binding protein, * FHL2, * FHL3, * FHL5. * HTATIP, * P53 p53, also known as tumor protein p53, cellular tumor antigen p53 (UniProt name), or transformat ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Entrainment (chronobiology)
In the study of chronobiology, entrainment refers to the synchronization of a biological clock to an environmental cycle. An example is the interaction between circadian rhythms and environmental cues, such as light and temperature. Entrainment helps organisms adapt their bodily processes according to the timing of a changing environment. For example, entrainment is manifested during travel between time zones, hence why humans experience jet lag. Biological rhythms are endogenous; they persist even in the absence of environmental cues as they are driven by an internal mechanism, most notably the circadian clock. Of the several possible cues (known as '' zeitgebers,'' German for 'time-givers') that can contribute to entrainment of the circadian clock, light has the greatest impact. Units of circadian time (CT) are used to describe entrainment to refer to the relationship between the rhythm and the light signal/pulse. Modes of entrainment There are two general modes of entrainm ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Alzheimer's Disease
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease and the cause of 60–70% of cases of dementia. The most common early symptom is difficulty in remembering recent events. As the disease advances, symptoms can include problems with language, disorientation (including easily getting lost), mood swings, loss of motivation, self-neglect, and behavioral issues. As a person's condition declines, they often withdraw from family and society. Gradually, bodily functions are lost, ultimately leading to death. Although the speed of progression can vary, the average life expectancy following diagnosis is three to twelve years. The causes of Alzheimer's disease remain poorly understood. There are many environmental and genetic risk factors associated with its development. The strongest genetic risk factor is from an allele of apolipoprotein E. Other risk factors include a history of head injury, clinical depression, and high blood pressure. The progression of the di ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |