Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-1 is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residue (biochemistry), residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including Enzyme catalysis, catalysing metab ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''ATF1''
gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei ...
.
This gene encodes an activating
transcription factor
In molecular biology, a transcription factor (TF) (or sequence-specific DNA-binding factor) is a protein that controls the rate of transcription (genetics), transcription of genetics, genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA, by binding t ...
, which belongs to the ATF subfamily and
bZIP (basic-region leucine zipper) family. It influences cellular physiologic processes by regulating the expression of downstream target genes, which are related to growth, survival, and other cellular activities. This protein is phosphorylated at serine 63 in its kinase-inducible domain by serine/threonine kinases, cAMP-dependent protein kinase A, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I/II, mitogen- and
stress-activated protein kinase and
cyclin-dependent kinase 3
Cell division protein kinase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''CDK3'' gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA ...
(cdk-3). Its phosphorylation enhances its transactivation and transcriptional activities, and enhances cell transformation.
Clinical significance
Fusion of this gene and
FUS on chromosome 16 or
EWSR1 on chromosome 22 induced by translocation generates chimeric proteins in
angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma and
clear cell sarcoma. This gene has a pseudogene on chromosome 6.
See also
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Activating transcription factor
Activating transcription factor, ATF, is a group of bZIP transcription factors, which act as homodimers or heterodimers with a range of other bZIP factors. First, they have been described as members of the CREB/ATF family, whereas it turned out l ...
Interactions
ATF1 has been shown to
interact with:
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BRCA1
Breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''BRCA1'' () gene. Orthologs are common in other vertebrate species, whereas invertebrate genomes may encode a more distantly related gene. ''BRCA1'' is a ...
,
*
CSNK2A2,
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CSNK2A1,
[ and
* EWS.]
References
Further reading
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External links
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{{NLM content
Transcription factors
Oncogenes