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Birrbay
The Birrbay people, also spelt Birpai, Biripi, Birippi and variant spellings, are an Aboriginal Australian people of New South Wales. They share a dialect continuum with the Worimi people. Language The Gathang language (aka Gadjang or Worimi) is the speech of the Birrbay centred in Port Macquarie. Birpai is spelt Biripi in southern areas, such as Taree. Gathang was a community language spoken by the six tribes of the Worimi when required to meet. W. J. Enright found four elderly speakers of Gathang at Wauchope in 1932. Country Birbay are the traditional owners of some of Mid North Coast land, from Gloucester eastwards to the coast where the Manning River debouches into the Pacific at Taree. They were mainly located north of the Manning, and on the Forbes, Hastings (''Dhungang'') and Wilson rivers. Social organisation The Birrbay, according to A. R. Radcliffe-Brown, had no moieties, but did divide their hordes into four intermarrying groups, 4 male phratries: * ''Wombo' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gathang Language
The Gathang language, also spelt Gadjang, Kattang, Kutthung, Gadhang, Gadang and previously known as Worimi (also spelt Warrimay), is an Australian Aboriginal language or group of dialects. The three known dialects are Birrbay, Guringay, and Warrimay, which are used by the Worimi, Guringay, and Birrbay peoples. It went extinct during the latter half of the 20th century, but has been revived in the 21st century. History and status After the colonisation of Australia, many of the hundreds of Aboriginal languages fell into disuse. The Worimi people comprised 18 clan groups (''ngurras''), all of whom spoke Gathang. The four ngurras of the Port Stephens area moved to the settlement at Carrington to work at the Australian Agricultural Company, and over the years lost their language and culture as they learnt European ways. Many Worimi people were forced into missions and reserves. In 1887: E.M. Curr published the first word list of the Gathang language, which had been compiled by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manning River
Manning River (Birpai language, Biripi: ''Boolumbahtee''), an open and Breakwater (structure), trained mature wind wave, wave dominated estuary#Lagoon-type or bar-built, barrier estuary, is located in the Northern Tablelands and Mid North Coast districts of New South Wales, Australia. It is the only double delta river in the southern hemisphere in which there are two permanent entrances to the river, one at Old Bar, New South Wales, Old Bar and another at Harrington, New South Wales, Harrington, and is famously one of only two rivers in the world to have permanent multiple entrances with the other being the Nile, Nile river in Egypt. Course and features Manning River rises below Barrington Volcano, Mount Barrington, on the northeastern slopes of the Great Dividing Range within Barrington Tops National Park, east southeast of Ellerston, New South Wales, Ellerston, and flows generally southeast, joined by eleven tributary, tributaries including the Pigna Barney River, Pigna Barney ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Worimi People
The Worimi (also spelt Warrimay) people are Aboriginal Australians from the eastern Port Stephens Council, Port Stephens and Great Lakes Council, Great Lakes regions of coastal New South Wales, Australia. Before contact with settlers, their people extended from Port Stephens Council, Port Stephens in the south to Forster, New South Wales, Forster/Tuncurry, New South Wales, Tuncurry in the north and as far west as Gloucester, New South Wales, Gloucester. Country The Worimi's lands extended over according to Norman Tindale, who specified that the tribal area encompassed the Hunter River (New South Wales), Hunter River to the coastal town of Forster, New South Wales, Forster near Cape Hawke. It reached Port Stephens (New South Wales), Port Stephens and ran inland as far as roughly East Gresford, New South Wales, Gresford and in proximity of Glendon Brook, Dungog, and the upper Myall River, Myall Creek. To the south, their territory extended to Maitland, New South Wales, Maitland ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wauchope, New South Wales
Wauchope ( ) is a town in the Mid North Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. It is within the boundaries of the Port Macquarie-Hastings Council area. Wauchope is inland on the Hastings River and the Oxley Highway west of Port Macquarie. The town is north of the state capital Sydney. Wauchope is the location of Timbertown, a popular heritage theme park inspired by the logging industry that formed the basis for Wauchope's early economy and prosperity. The town has a population of approximately 7,500 (as of 2006 – including King Creek & Redbank). It has also played an important role in the Hastings Valley dairy industry. History The Birpai (also known as Birrbay) people have lived in this area for more than 40,000 years. By 1828 a number of land grants had been made along the Hastings River. It was not until 1836 that the village of Wauchope first came into existence. In that year Captain Robert Andrew Wauch (whose father dropped the 'ope' from the end of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Worimi
The Worimi (also spelt Warrimay) people are Aboriginal Australians from the eastern Port Stephens and Great Lakes regions of coastal New South Wales, Australia. Before contact with settlers, their people extended from Port Stephens in the south to Forster/ Tuncurry in the north and as far west as Gloucester. Country The Worimi's lands extended over according to Norman Tindale, who specified that the tribal area encompassed the Hunter River to the coastal town of Forster near Cape Hawke. It reached Port Stephens and ran inland as far as roughly Gresford and in proximity of Glendon Brook, Dungog, and the upper Myall Creek. To the south, their territory extended to Maitland. Social organisation The Worimi were divided into four bands: * ''Garuagal'' (the country adjoining Teleghery Creek and along the lower Hunter) * ''Maiangal'' (sea-shore south of Port Stephens, inland to Teleghery Creek) * ''Gamipingal'' (northern side of Port Stephens, left bank of Karuah) * ''Bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Port Macquarie
Port Macquarie, sometimes shortened to Port Mac and commonly locally nicknamed Port, is a coastal city on the Mid North Coast of New South Wales, Australia, north of Sydney, and south of Brisbane, on the Tasman Sea coast at the mouth of the Hastings River, and the eastern end of the Oxley Highway (B56). It had a population of 47,974 in 2018, Estimated resident population, 30 June 2018. and an estimated population of 51,965 in 2023. History Indigenous Port Macquarie sits within Birpai (Biripi, Bripi, Biripai, Birrbay) country, and the Birpai people are recognised as the traditional custodians of the land on which Port Macquarie is located. Port Macquarie was long known to the Birpai people as Guruk. The Birpai Local Aboriginal Land Council provides positive support, information and responsible governance for the Aboriginal community, while also cultivating strong links with the broader community. Before British colonisation, large clans of Birpai people resided in and aro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilson River (New South Wales)
Wilson River, a perennial river of the Hastings River catchment, is located in the Mid North Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. Course and features Wilson River rises on the south-eastern slopes of Mount Banda Banda in Willi Willi National Park, and flows generally east southeast, before reaching its confluence with the Maria River, near Telegraph Point, north of Wauchope. The river descends over its course. Glencoe Creek is a tributary. file:Mount Banda Banda seen from Number 1 fire tower.jpg, Mount Banda Banda headwaters of the Wilson River, to the west of Rollands Plains. File:Mount Cogo Wilson River Port Macquarie News South Wales (1).png, Wilson River at foot of Mount Cogo west of Port Macquarie See also * Rivers of New South Wales * List of rivers of New South Wales (A–K) * List of rivers of Australia *Wilson River (other) Wilson River can refer to: * Wilson River (Alaska), one of two rivers in Alaska in the United States * Wilson River ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moiety (kinship)
In the anthropological study of kinship, a moiety () is a descent group that coexists with only one other descent group within a society. In such cases, the community usually has unilineal descent (either Patrilineality, patri- or Matrilineality, matrilineal) so that any individual belongs to one of the two moiety groups by birth, and all marriages take place between members of opposite moieties. It is an exogamous clan, clan system with only two clans. In the case of a patrilineal descent system, one can interpret a moiety system as one in which women are exchanged between the two moieties. Moiety societies operate particularly among the indigenous peoples of Indigenous peoples of the Americas , North America, Australian Aboriginal kinship, Australia (see Australian Aboriginal kinship for details of Aboriginal moieties), and Indonesia. Etymology The word ''moiety'' comes from Latin ''medietat-'', meaning 'a half', through Anglo-Norman_language, Anglo-Norman ''moité''. R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phratry
In ancient Greece, a phratry (, derived from ) was a group containing citizens in some city-states. Their existence is known in most Ionian cities and in Athens and it is thought that they existed elsewhere as well. Almost nothing is known about the functions and responsibilities of phratries outside Attica (the area around Athens). Within Athens, they played a prominent role in social and religious life, particularly in the major festival called the Apatouria. They played an important role in determining eligibility for Athenian citizenship and all citizens (with very few exceptions) and only citizens were enrolled in phratries. Particularly in anthropology, the term is also applied to similar descent groups of multiple clans in other societies. History Origins and etymology The origins of the phratry in ancient Greece are unknown. It is possible that they are Ionian in origin and that their presence in Athens stems from a known migration from Ionia in the late Mycenaean period. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Totem
A totem (from or ''doodem'') is a spirit being, sacred object, or symbol that serves as an emblem of a group of people, such as a family, clan, lineage (anthropology), lineage, or tribe, such as in the Anishinaabe clan system. While the word ''totem'' itself is an anglicisation of the Ojibwe term (and both the word and beliefs associated with it are part of the Ojibwe language and Ojibwe, culture), belief in Tutelary deity, tutelary spirits and deities is not limited to the Ojibwe people. Similar concepts, under differing names and with variations in beliefs and practices, may be found in a number of cultures worldwide. The term has also been adopted, and at times redefined, by anthropologists and philosophers of different cultures. Contemporary Neoshamanism, neoshamanic, New Age, and mythopoetic men's movements not otherwise involved in the practice of a traditional, tribal religion have been known to use "totem" terminology for the personal identification with a tutelary sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aboriginal Australian Ceremony
Australian Aboriginal culture includes a number of practices and ceremonies centered on a belief in the Dreamtime and other mythology. Reverence and respect for the land and oral traditions are emphasised. The words "law" and "lore", the latter relating to the customs and stories passed down through the generations, are commonly used interchangeably. Learned from childhood, lore dictates the rules on how to interact with the land, kinship and community. Over 300 languages and other groupings have developed a wide range of individual cultures. Aboriginal art has existed for thousands of years and ranges from ancient rock art to modern watercolour landscapes. Traditional Aboriginal music developed a number of unique instruments, and contemporary Aboriginal music spans many genres. Aboriginal peoples did not develop a system of writing before colonisation, but there was a huge variety of languages, including sign languages. Oral tradition Cultural traditions and beliefs as w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
