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Amirafra
''Amirafra'' is a genus of larks in the family Alaudidae. It contains three species that were formerly placed in the genus ''Mirafra''. These larks are found in sub-Sahara Africa. Taxonomy A 2023 molecular phylogenetic study of the lark family Alaudidae by the Swedish ornithologist Per Alström and his collaborators found that the genus ''Mirafra'' contained deep internal genetic divergences. They therefore proposed splitting ''Mirafra'' into four genera, each corresponding to a major clade. For one of these clades they resurrected the genus ''Amirafra'' that had originally been introduced in 1906 by the Russian ornithologist Valentin Bianchi with ''Mirafra collaris'' Sharpe, 1896, the collared lark, as the type species. The name ''Amirafra'' combines the Ancient Greek negative prefix α-/''a-'' with the genus ''Mirafra'' that had been introduced in 1821 by Thomas Horsfield. The genus contains three species: * Collared lark The collared lark (''Amirafra collaris'') or collare ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Collared Lark
The collared lark (''Amirafra collaris'') or collared bushlark is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae found in East Africa. Taxonomy The collared lark was formerly placed in the genus ''Mirafra''. It is one of three species that were moved to the resurrected genus '' Amirafra'' based on the results of a large molecular genetic study by the Swedish ornithologist Per Alström and collaborators that was published in 2023. The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised. Distribution and habitat The collared lark has a considerable range, with an estimated global extent of occurrence of 530,000 km2 over an area from eastern Ethiopia and Somalia to central Kenya. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland A grassland is an area where the vegetation is dominance (ecology), dominated by grasses (Poaceae). However, sedge (Cyperaceae) and rush (Juncaceae) can also be found along with variable proportions of legumes such as clover, and ot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angola Lark
The Angola lark (''Amirafra angolensis'') or Angola bushlark is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae found in southern and central Africa. Taxonomy The Angola lark was formerly placed in the genus ''Mirafra''. It is one of three species that were moved to the resurrected genus ''Amirafra'' based on the results of a large molecular genetic study by the Swedish ornithologist Per Alström and collaborators that was published in 2023. Three subspecies are recognised: * ''A. a. marungensis'' ( Hall, BP, 1958) – southeast DR Congo and southwest Tanzania * ''A. a. angolensis'' ( Barboza du Bocage, 1880) – north, west, central Angola * ''A. a. antonii'' (Hall, BP, 1958) – east Angola to south DR Congo and northwest Zambia Distribution and habitat The range of the Angola lark is sizable, and is found in Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Tanzania and Zambia. It is estimated to have a global extent of occurrence of about 170,000 square km. Its natural habitats are subtropica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Collared Lark
The collared lark (''Amirafra collaris'') or collared bushlark is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae found in East Africa. Taxonomy The collared lark was formerly placed in the genus ''Mirafra''. It is one of three species that were moved to the resurrected genus '' Amirafra'' based on the results of a large molecular genetic study by the Swedish ornithologist Per Alström and collaborators that was published in 2023. The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised. Distribution and habitat The collared lark has a considerable range, with an estimated global extent of occurrence of 530,000 km2 over an area from eastern Ethiopia and Somalia to central Kenya. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland A grassland is an area where the vegetation is dominance (ecology), dominated by grasses (Poaceae). However, sedge (Cyperaceae) and rush (Juncaceae) can also be found along with variable proportions of legumes such as clover, and ot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flappet Lark
The flappet lark (''Amirafra rufocinnamomea'') is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae that is widespread across Sub-Saharan Africa. The name flappet originates from the distinctive wing flapping sound made during its breeding season. Taxonomy and systematics The flappet lark and the Cape clapper lark are regarded as forming a superspecies with the Eastern clapper lark. The alternate name "cinnamon bush lark" is also an alternate name for the singing bush lark. The flappet lark was formerly placed in the genus ''Mirafra''. It is one of three species that were moved to the resurrected genus ''Amirafra'' based on the results of a large molecular genetic study by the Swedish ornithologist Per Alström and collaborators that was published in 2023. Subspecies Fifteen subspecies are recognised: * ''A. r. buckleyi'' ( Shelley, 1873) – south Mauritania and Senegal to north Cameroon * ''A. r. serlei'' (White, CMN, 1960) – southeast Nigeria * ''A. r. tigrina'' ( Oustalet, 18 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lark
Larks are passerine birds of the family Alaudidae. Larks have a cosmopolitan distribution with the largest number of species occurring in Africa. Only a single species, the horned lark, occurs in North America, and only Horsfield's bush lark occurs in Australia. Habitats vary widely, but many species live in drier regions. When the word "lark" is used without specification, it often refers to the Eurasian skylark ''(Alauda arvensis)''. Taxonomy and systematics The family Alaudidae was introduced in 1825 by the Irish zoologist Nicholas Aylward Vigors as a subfamily Alaudina of the finch family Fringillidae. Larks are a well-defined family, partly because of the shape of their . They have multiple Scute#Birds, scutes on the hind side of their tarsi, rather than the single plate found in most songbirds. They also lack a pessulus, the bony central structure in the syrinx of songbirds. They were long placed at or near the beginning of the songbirds or oscines (now often called Pas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mirafra
''Mirafra'' is a genus of lark in the family Alaudidae. Some ''Mirafra'' species are called "larks", while others are called "bush larks". They are all found in Africa except for the singing bush lark that is found through South Asia to Australia. Taxonomy The genus ''Mirafra'' was introduced in 1821 by the American naturalist Thomas Horsfield to accommodate a single species, ''Mirafra javanica'' the singing bush lark, which is therefore considered as the type species. The derivation of the genus name is unknown. A 2023 molecular phylogenetic study of the lark family Alaudidae by the Swedish ornithologist Per Alström ''Per'' Johan Alström (born 9 April 1961) is a Swedish Professor of ornithology. He does research in Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy, systematics, and evolution, with birds in Asia as a specialty. Alström works at the Department of Ecology and Genet ... and his collaborators found that the genus ''Mirafra'' contained deep internal genetic divergences. They theref ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek (, ; ) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the classical antiquity, ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Greek Dark Ages, Dark Ages (), the Archaic Greece, Archaic or Homeric Greek, Homeric period (), and the Classical Greece, Classical period (). Ancient Greek was the language of Homer and of fifth-century Athens, fifth-century Athenian historians, playwrights, and Ancient Greek philosophy, philosophers. It has contributed many words to English vocabulary and has been a standard subject of study in educational institutions of the Western world since the Renaissance. This article primarily contains information about the Homeric Greek, Epic and Classical periods of the language, which are the best-attested periods and considered most typical of Ancient Greek. From the Hellenistic period (), Ancient Greek was followed by Koine Greek, which is regar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Horsfield
Thomas Horsfield (May 12, 1773 – July 24, 1859) was an American physician and natural history, naturalist who worked extensively in Indonesia, describing numerous species of plants and animals from the region. He was later a curator of the East India Company Museum in London. Early life Horsfield was born in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, and studied medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. He was the grandson of Timothy Horsfield, Sr. (1708-1773), who was born in Liverpool and emigrated to New York in 1725. The Horsfield family converted from the Church of England to Moravianism, a Protestant denomination with a strong emphasis on education. In 1748, he moved his family to Bethlehem, Pennsylvania and joined them the next year. Horsfield's father was Timothy Horsfield, Jr. and he married Juliana Sarah Parsons in 1738. Thomas Horsfield was born in Bethlehem on May 12, 1773. He was educated at the Moravian schools in Bethlehem and Nazareth, Pennsylvania, Nazareth. He studied medicin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Per Alström
''Per'' Johan Alström (born 9 April 1961) is a Swedish Professor of ornithology. He does research in Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy, systematics, and evolution, with birds in Asia as a specialty. Alström works at the Department of Ecology and Genetics (Animal Ecology) at Uppsala University and at the Swedish Species Information Centre at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala. He has previously worked as e.g. Curator of Ornithology at the Swedish Museum of Natural History, and been a guest researcher at the Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, Percy Fitzpatrick Institute of African Ornithology, University of Cape Town and a visiting professor at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing. He is chairman of the Scientific Committee of the Swedish Taxonomy Initiative and the Committee for Swedish Animal Names and Swedish focal point for thGlobal Taxonomy Initiativeunder the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). Deputy Editor-in-Chief of the internatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Species
In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological Type (biology), type wiktionary:en:specimen, specimen (or specimens). Article 67.1 A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups and called a type genus. In botanical nomenclature, these terms have no formal standing under the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, code of nomenclature, but are sometimes borrowed from zoological nomenclature. In botany, the type of a genus name is a specimen (or, rarely, an illustration) which is also the type of a species name. The species name with that type can also be referred to as the type of the genus name. Names of genus and family ranks, the various subdivisions of those ranks, and some higher-rank names based on genus names, have suc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
