This is a list of

illuminated manuscript An illuminated manuscript is a formally prepared document where the text is often supplemented with flourishes such as borders and miniature illustrations. Often used in the Roman Catholic Church for prayers, liturgical services and psalms, the ...

2nd century

*Paris,

Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...

, cod. suppl. gr. 1294 (

Romance Papyrus The Romance Papyrus (Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, cod. suppl. gr. 1294, also known as the Alexander Papyrus) is a fragment of 2nd century Greek manuscript of an unknown romance. It contains three unframed illustrations set within the columns of ...

)

3rd century

Oxford Oxford () is a city in England. It is the county town and only city of Oxfordshire. In 2020, its population was estimated at 151,584. It is north-west of London, south-east of Birmingham and north-east of Bristol. The city is home to the ...

Sackler Library The Sackler Library holds a large portion of the classical, art historical, and archaeological works belonging to the University of Oxford, England. History The Sackler Library building was completed in 2001 and opened on 24 September of tha ...

Oxyrhynchus Oxyrhynchus (; grc-gre, Ὀξύρρυγχος, Oxýrrhynchos, sharp-nosed; ancient Egyptian ''Pr-Medjed''; cop, or , ''Pemdje''; ar, البهنسا, ''Al-Bahnasa'') is a city in Middle Egypt located about 160 km south-southwest of Cairo ...

Pap. 2331 (

Heracles Papyrus The Heracles Papyrus ( Sackler Library, University of Oxford, Pap. Oxyrhynchus 2331) is a fragment of a 3rd-century Greek manuscript of a poem about the Labours of Heracles. It contains three unframed colored line drawings of the first of the La ...

) *British Library,

Papyrus 3053 Papyrus 3053 (Oxyrhynchus Papyri, P. Oxy. 2470) is a papyrus fragment about now kept in the British Library. It was probably made in Roman Egypt between the 3rd and 6th centuries AD.Stephen R. Zwirn, "Drawing of a bear in the arena", in Kurt Weitz ...

(=Oxyrhynchus Papyrus 2470), possibly from as late as the 6th century

4th century

*Berlin, Staatsbibliothek Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Cod. lat. fol. 416, and

Vatican City Vatican City (), officially the Vatican City State ( it, Stato della Città del Vaticano; la, Status Civitatis Vaticanae),—' * german: Vatikanstadt, cf. '—' (in Austria: ') * pl, Miasto Watykańskie, cf. '—' * pt, Cidade do Vati ...

Biblioteca Apostolica The Vatican Apostolic Library ( la, Bibliotheca Apostolica Vaticana, it, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana), more commonly known as the Vatican Library or informally as the Vat, is the library of the Holy See, located in Vatican City. Formally es ...

, Cod. Vat. lat. 3256 (

Vergilius Augusteus The Vergilius Augusteus is a manuscript from late antiquity, containing the works of the Roman author Virgil, written probably around the 4th century. There are two other collections of Virgil manuscripts, the Vergilius Vaticanus and the Vergil ...

) *No longer extant (

Calendar of Filocalus The ''Chronograph of 354'' (or "Chronography"), also known as the ''Calendar of 354'', is a compilation of chronological and calendrical texts produced in 354 AD for a wealthy Roman Christian named Valentinus by the calligrapher and illustrator ...

)

5th century

Biblical Texts

*Berlin, Staatsbibliothek Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Cod. theol. lat. fol. 485 (

Quedlinburg Itala fragment The Quedlinburg ''Itala'' fragment (Berlin, Staatsbibliothek Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Cod. theol. lat. fol. 485) is a fragment of six folios from a large 5th-century illuminated manuscript of an Vetus Latina, Old Latin ''Itala'' translation o ...

) *London,

British Library The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom and is one of the largest libraries in the world. It is estimated to contain between 170 and 200 million items from many countries. As a legal deposit library, the British ...

, Royal MS 1. D. V-VIII (

Codex Alexandrinus The Codex Alexandrinus (London, British Library, Royal MS 1. D. V-VIII), designated by the siglum A or 02 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts), δ 4 (in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts), is a manu ...

) *Naples, Biblioteca Vittorio Emanuele III, 1 B 18 ( Old Testament fragment) * Garima Gospel 2

Virgil Publius Vergilius Maro (; traditional dates 15 October 7021 September 19 BC), usually called Virgil or Vergil ( ) in English, was an ancient Roman poet of the Augustan period. He composed three of the most famous poems in Latin literature: t ...

, Cod. Vat. lat. 3225 (

Vergilius Vaticanus The Vergilius Vaticanus, also known as Vatican Virgil (Vatican, Biblioteca Apostolica, Cod. Vat. lat. 3225), is a Late Antique illuminated manuscript containing fragments of Virgil's ''Aeneid'' and ''Georgics''. It was made in Rome in around 400 ...

) *Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica, Cod. Vat. lat. 3867 ( Vergilius Romanus)

Homer Homer (; grc, Ὅμηρος , ''Hómēros'') (born ) was a Greek poet who is credited as the author of the ''Iliad'' and the ''Odyssey'', two epic poems that are foundational works of ancient Greek literature. Homer is considered one of the ...

Milan Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city h ...

Biblioteca Ambrosiana The Biblioteca Ambrosiana is a historic library in Milan, Italy, also housing the Pinacoteca Ambrosiana, the Ambrosian art gallery. Named after Ambrose, the patron saint of Milan, it was founded in 1609 by Cardinal Federico Borromeo, whose agen ...

, Cod. F. 205 Inf. (

Ambrosian Iliad The Ambrosian Iliad or ''Ilias Picta'' (Milan, Biblioteca Ambrosiana, Cod. F. 205 Inf.) is a 5th-century illuminated manuscript on vellum, which depicts the entirety of Homer's ''Iliad'', including battle scenes and noble scenes. It is considere ...

)

Herbal A herbal is a book containing the names and descriptions of plants, usually with information on their medicinal, tonic, culinary, toxic, hallucinatory, aromatic, or magical powers, and the legends associated with them.Arber, p. 14. A herbal m ...

*London,

Wellcome Library The Wellcome Library is founded on the collection formed by Sir Henry Wellcome (1853–1936), whose personal wealth allowed him to create one of the most ambitious collections of the 20th century. Henry Wellcome's interest was the history of med ...

, MS 5753, Johnson Papyrus

Unknown

*London,

Egypt Exploration Society The Egypt Exploration Society (EES) is a British non-profit organization. The society was founded in 1882 by Amelia Edwards and Reginald Stuart Poole in order to examine and excavate in the areas of Egypt and Sudan. The intent was to study and ana ...

, s.n. (

Charioteer Papyrus The Charioteer Papyrus (London, Egypt Exploration Society, s.n.) is a 5th-century fragment of an illustration from an unknown work of literature. It is one of the finest surviving fragments of ancient book illustration. Unlike other surviving illus ...

)

6th century

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...
s

Brescia Brescia (, locally ; lmo, link=no, label= Lombard, Brèsa ; lat, Brixia; vec, Bressa) is a city and ''comune'' in the region of Lombardy, Northern Italy. It is situated at the foot of the Alps, a few kilometers from the lakes Garda and Iseo. ...

, Biblioteca Civica Queriniana, s.n. (

Codex Brixianus The Codex Brixianus (Brescia, Biblioteca Civica Queriniana, s.n.), designated by f, is a 6th-century Latin Gospel Book which was probably produced in Italy. Description The manuscript contains 419 folios. The text, written on purple dyed vellum ...

) *

Cambridge Cambridge ( ) is a university city and the county town in Cambridgeshire, England. It is located on the River Cam approximately north of London. As of the 2021 United Kingdom census, the population of Cambridge was 145,700. Cambridge bec ...

, Corpus Christi College, MS 286 (

St. Augustine Gospels The St Augustine Gospels (Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, Lib. MS. 286) is an illuminated Gospel Book which dates from the 6th century and is currently housed in the Parker Library in Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. It was made in Italy a ...

) *

Florence Florence ( ; it, Firenze ) is a city in Central Italy and the capital city of the Tuscany region. It is the most populated city in Tuscany, with 383,083 inhabitants in 2016, and over 1,520,000 in its metropolitan area.Bilancio demografico an ...

, Biblioteca Mediceo Lauenziana, MS Plut. I, 56 (

Rabula Gospels The Rabbula Gospels, or Rabula Gospels, (Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, cod. Plut. I, 56) is a 6th-century illuminated Syriac Gospel Book. One of the finest Byzantine works produced in Asia, and one of the earliest Christian manuscript ...

) *

Fulda monastery The Abbey of Fulda (German ''Kloster Fulda'', Latin ''Abbatia Fuldensis''), from 1221 the Princely Abbey of Fulda (''Fürstabtei Fulda'') and from 1752 the Prince-Bishopric of Fulda (''Fürstbistum Fulda''), was a Order of Saint Benedict, Benedicti ...

, Landesbibliothek, Cod. Bonifatianus 1 (

Codex Fuldensis The Codex Fuldensis, also known as the Victor Codex (Hessian State Library, ''Codex Bonifatianus I''), designated by F, is a New Testament manuscript based on the Latin Vulgate made between 541 and 546. The codex is considered the second most impo ...

) *London,

Harley Harley may refer to: People * Harley (given name) * Harley (surname) Places * Harley, Ontario, a township in Canada * Harley, Brant County, Ontario, Canada * Harley, Shropshire, England * Harley, South Yorkshire, England * Harley Street, in Londo ...

MS 1775 ( 6th century Italian Vulgate Gospel Book) *Paris,

, MS gr. 1286 (

Sinope Gospels The Sinope Gospels, designated by O or 023 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 21 ( Soden), also known as the Codex Sinopensis, is a fragment of a 6th-century illuminated Greek Gospel Book. Along with the Rossano Gospels, the Sinope Gospels has ...

) *

Rossano Rossano is a town and ''frazione'' of Corigliano-Rossano in the province of Cosenza, Calabria, southern Italy. The city is situated on an eminence from the Gulf of Taranto. The town is known for its marble and alabaster quarries. The town is t ...

Cathedral A cathedral is a church that contains the '' cathedra'' () of a bishop, thus serving as the central church of a diocese, conference, or episcopate. Churches with the function of "cathedral" are usually specific to those Christian denomination ...

, Archiepiscopal Treasury, s. n. (

Rossano Gospels The Rossano Gospels, designated by 042 or Σ (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 18 ( Soden), held at the cathedral of Rossano in Italy, is a 6th-century illuminated manuscript Gospel Book written following the reconquest of the Italian peninsu ...

) *

Uppsala Uppsala (, or all ending in , ; archaically spelled ''Upsala'') is the county seat of Uppsala County and the List of urban areas in Sweden by population, fourth-largest city in Sweden, after Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmö. It had 177,074 inha ...

Uppsala University Library The Uppsala University Library ( sv, Uppsala universitetsbibliotek) at Uppsala University in Uppsala, Sweden, consists of 11 subject libraries, one of which is housed in the old main library building, Carolina Rediviva. The library holds books an ...

(

Codex Argenteus The Codex Argenteus (Latin for "Silver Book/Codex") is a 6th-century illuminated manuscript, originally containing part of the 4th-century translation of the Christian Bible into the Gothic language. Traditionally ascribed to the Arian bis ...

) *

Würzburg Würzburg (; Main-Franconian: ) is a city in the region of Franconia in the north of the German state of Bavaria. Würzburg is the administrative seat of the ''Regierungsbezirk'' Lower Franconia. It spans the banks of the Main River. Würzburg is ...

, Universitätsbibliothek, Cod. M. p. th. F. 68 (Burchard Gospels)

Genesis Genesis may refer to: Bible * Book of Genesis, the first book of the biblical scriptures of both Judaism and Christianity, describing the creation of the Earth and of mankind * Genesis creation narrative, the first several chapters of the Book of ...

*London, British Library, MS

Cotton Otho This is an incomplete list of some of the manuscripts from the Cotton library that today form the Cotton collection of the British Library. Some manuscripts were destroyed or damaged in a fire at Ashburnham House in 1731, and a few are kept in othe ...

B. VI (

Cotton Genesis The Cotton Genesis (London, British Library, Cotton MS Otho B VI) is a 4th- or 5th-century Greek Illuminated manuscript copy of the Book of Genesis. It was a luxury manuscript with many miniatures. It is one of the oldest illustrated biblical co ...

) *

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

Österreichische Nationalbibliothek The Austrian National Library (german: Österreichische Nationalbibliothek) is the largest library in Austria, with more than 12 million items in its various collections. The library is located in the Neue Burg Wing of the Hofburg in center of Vi ...

, Cod. theol. gr. 31 (

Vienna Genesis The Vienna Genesis (Vienna, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, cod. theol. gr. 31), designated by siglum L (Ralphs), is an illuminated manuscript, probably produced in Syria in the first half of the 6th century. It is the oldest well-preserved, ...

)

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...

Durham Durham most commonly refers to: *Durham, England, a cathedral city and the county town of County Durham *County Durham, an English county *Durham County, North Carolina, a county in North Carolina, United States *Durham, North Carolina, a city in No ...

, Cathedral Library, MS B. IV. 6 (Bible fragment)

Pentateuch The Torah (; hbo, ''Tōrā'', "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law") is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, namely the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. In that sense, Torah means the sa ...

*Paris,

, MS nouv. acq. lat. 2334 (

Ashburnham Pentateuch The Ashburnham Pentateuch (Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale de France, MS nouv. acq. lat. 2334, also known as the Tours Pentateuch and the Codex Turonensis) is a late 6th- or early 7th-century Latin illuminated manuscript of the Pentateuch (the first ...

Dioscurides Pedanius Dioscorides ( grc-gre, Πεδάνιος Διοσκουρίδης, ; 40–90 AD), “the father of pharmacognosy”, was a Greek physician, pharmacologist, botanist, and author of ''De materia medica'' (, On Medical Material) —a 5-vol ...

*Vienna, Osterreichische Nationalbibliothek, Cod. med. gr. 1. (

Vienna Dioscurides The Vienna Dioscurides or Vienna Dioscorides is an early 6th-century Byzantine Greek illuminated manuscript of an even earlier 1st century AD work, ''De materia medica'' (Περὶ ὕλης ἰατρικῆς : Perì hylēs iatrikēs in the origi ...

)

Corpus Agrimensorum Romanorum The Corpus Agrimensorum Romanorum (Corpus of Roman Land Surveyors) is a Roman book on land surveying which collects works by Siculus Flaccus, Frontinus, Agennius Urbicus, Hyginus Gromaticus and other writers, known as the Agrimensores ("land surve ...

Wolfenbüttel Wolfenbüttel (; nds, Wulfenbüddel) is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany, the administrative capital of Wolfenbüttel District. It is best known as the location of the internationally renowned Herzog August Library and for having the largest c ...

Herzog August Bibliothek The Herzog August Library (german: link=no, Herzog August Bibliothek — "HAB"), in Wolfenbüttel, Lower Saxony, known also as ''Bibliotheca Augusta'', is a library of international importance for its collection from the Middle Ages and ear ...

, Cod. Guelff. 36.23 Augusteus 2 (

Corpus Agrimensorum Romanorum The Corpus Agrimensorum Romanorum (Corpus of Roman Land Surveyors) is a Roman book on land surveying which collects works by Siculus Flaccus, Frontinus, Agennius Urbicus, Hyginus Gromaticus and other writers, known as the Agrimensores ("land surve ...

)

Detached Lists

Yerevan Yerevan ( , , hy, Երևան , sometimes spelled Erevan) is the capital and largest city of Armenia and one of the world's List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest continuously inhabited cities. Situated along the Hrazdan River, Y ...

Matenadaran The Matenadaran ( hy, Մատենադարան), officially the Mesrop Mashtots Institute of Ancient Manuscripts, is a museum, repository of manuscripts, and a research institute in Yerevan, Armenia. It is the world's largest repository of Armenian ...

, M2374 (four lists of the

Echmiadzin Gospel The Echmiadzin Gospels (Yerevan, Matenadaran, MS. 2374, formerly Etchmiadzin Ms. 229) is a 10th-century Armenian Gospel Book produced in 989 at the Monastery of Bgheno-Noravank in Syunik. The book The manuscript has 232 extant leaves which ...

br>

7th century

Mushaf A muṣḥaf ( ar, مُصْحَفْ, ; plural ''maṣāḥif'') is an Arabic word for a codex or collection of sheets, but also refers to a written copy of the Quran. The chapters of the Quran, which Muslims believe was revealed during a 23-year ...

* Great Umayyad Qur'an

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...
s

Dublin Dublin (; , or ) is the capital and largest city of Republic of Ireland, Ireland. On a bay at the mouth of the River Liffey, it is in the Provinces of Ireland, province of Leinster, bordered on the south by the Dublin Mountains, a part of th ...

Trinity College Library The Library of Trinity College Dublin () serves Trinity College and the University of Dublin. It is a legal deposit or "copyright library", under which, publishers in Ireland must deposit a copy of all their publications there, without charge ...

, MS 55 (

Codex Usserianus Primus Codex Usserianus Primus (Dublin, Trinity College Library, 55) is an early 7th-century Old Latin Gospel Book. It is dated palaeographically to the 6th or 7th century. It is designated by r (traditional system). Description The manuscript is damag ...

(Ussher Gospels)) *Dublin, Trinity College Library, MS A. 4. 5. (MS 57) (

Book of Durrow The Book of Durrow is an illuminated manuscript dated to c. 700 that consists of text from the four Gospels gospel books, written in an Irish adaption of Vulgate Latin, and illustrated in the Insular script style.Moss (2014), p. 229 Its origin a ...

) *

, Cathedral Library, MSS A. II. 10 ff. 2-5, 338-8a, C. III. 13, ff. 192-5, and C. III. 20, ff. 1, 2 ( Insular Gospel Book Fragment) *Durham, Cathedral Library, MS A. II. 17, 2-102 and

Magdalene College Magdalene College ( ) is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. The college was founded in 1428 as a Benedictine hostel, in time coming to be known as Buckingham College, before being refounded in 1542 as the College of St Mary ...

, Pepysian MS 2981 (19) (

Durham Gospels The Durham Gospels is a very incomplete late 7th-century insular Gospel Book, now kept in the Durham Cathedral Dean and Chapter Library (MS A.II.17). A single folio of this manuscript is now in Magdalene College, Cambridge (Pepysian MS 2981). ...

) *London,

, Add MS 5111, Canon Tables from Byzantine Gospel Book (

London Canon Tables The London Canon Tables (British Library, Add MS 5111) is a Byzantine illuminated Gospel Book fragment on vellum from the sixth or seventh century. It was possibly made in Constantinople. The fragment consists of two folios of two illuminated c ...

;

Commons The commons is the cultural and natural resources accessible to all members of a society, including natural materials such as air, water, and a habitable Earth. These resources are held in common even when owned privately or publicly. Commons ...

) *

Monza Monza (, ; lmo, label=Lombard language, Lombard, Monça, locally ; lat, Modoetia) is a city and ''comune'' on the River Lambro, a tributary of the Po River, Po in the Lombardy region of Italy, about north-northeast of Milan. It is the capit ...

Cathedral Treasury A church treasure is the collection of historical art treasures belonging to a church, usually a monastery (monastery treasure), abbey, cathedral. Such "treasure" is usually held and displayed in the church's treasury or in a diocesan museum. Hist ...

, s. n. (Gospels of Queen Theodelinda)

Psalter A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters we ...
s

*Dublin,

Royal Irish Academy The Royal Irish Academy (RIA; ga, Acadamh Ríoga na hÉireann), based in Dublin, is an academic body that promotes study in the sciences, humanities and social sciences. It is Ireland's premier List of Irish learned societies, learned socie ...

, s. n. (

Cathach of St. Columba The Cathach of St. Columba, known as the Cathach (meaning "the Battler"),O'Neill (2014), p. 12 is a late 6th century Insular psalter. It is the oldest surviving manuscript in Ireland, and the second oldest Latin psalter in the world. Its cumdac ...

)

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...
s

Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana The Laurentian Library (Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana or BML) is a historic library in Florence, Italy, containing more than 11,000 manuscripts and 4,500 early printed books. Built in a cloister of the Medicean Basilica di San Lorenzo di Firenze ...

, MS Amiatinus 1 (

Codex Amiatinus The Codex Amiatinus (also known as the Jarrow Codex) is considered the best-preserved manuscript of the Latin Vulgate versionBruce M. Metzger, ''The Text of the New Testament'' (Oxford University Press 2005), p. 106. of the Christian Bible. It w ...

) *Paris,

, MS syr. 341 (

Syriac Bible of Paris The Syriac Bible of Paris (Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MS syr. 341) is an illuminated Bible written in Syriac. It dates to 6th or 7th century. It is believed to have been made in northern Mesopotamia. The manuscript has 246 extant folios. La ...

)

Orosius Paulus Orosius (; born 375/385 – 420 AD), less often Paul Orosius in English, was a Roman priest, historian and theologian, and a student of Augustine of Hippo. It is possible that he was born in '' Bracara Augusta'' (now Braga, Portugal), t ...

, MS D. 23. sup. (

Ambrosiana Orosius The Bobbio Orosius (Milan, Biblioteca Ambrosiana MS D. 23. Sup.) is an early 7th century Insular manuscript of the ''Chronicon'' of Paulus Orosius. The manuscript has 48 folios and measures 210 by 150 mm. It is thought to have been produced ...

)

Jerome Jerome (; la, Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus; grc-gre, Εὐσέβιος Σωφρόνιος Ἱερώνυμος; – 30 September 420), also known as Jerome of Stridon, was a Christian presbyter, priest, Confessor of the Faith, confessor, th ...

*Milan, Biblioteca Ambrosiana, MS S. 45. sup. (

Ambrosiana Jerome The Bobbio Jerome (Milan, Biblioteca Ambrosiana MS S. 45. sup.) is an early seventh-century manuscript copy of the '' Commentary on Isaiah'' attributed to St. Jerome. The manuscript has 156 pages and measures 235 by 215 mm. It is a palimp ...

)

Miscellany A miscellany is a collection of various pieces of writing by different authors. Meaning a mixture, medley, or assortment, a miscellany can include pieces on many subjects and in a variety of different forms. In contrast to anthologies, whose aim ...

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

, Cod. lat. 847 (

Rufinus of Aquileia Tyrannius Rufinus, also called Rufinus of Aquileia (''Rufinus Aquileiensis'') or Rufinus of Concordia (344/345–411), anglicized as Tyrann Rufine, was a monk, historian, and theologian. He is best known as a translator of Greek patristic materi ...

, Treatise on the Blessings of the Patriarchs)

Dioscurides Pedanius Dioscorides ( grc-gre, Πεδάνιος Διοσκουρίδης, ; 40–90 AD), “the father of pharmacognosy”, was a Greek physician, pharmacologist, botanist, and author of ''De materia medica'' (, On Medical Material) —a 5-vol ...

Naples Naples (; it, Napoli ; nap, Napule ), from grc, Νεάπολις, Neápolis, lit=new city. is the regional capital of Campania and the third-largest city of Italy, after Rome and Milan, with a population of 909,048 within the city's adminis ...

, Biblioteca Nazionale, Cod. Gr. 1 (

Naples Dioscurides The Naples Dioscurides, in the Biblioteca Nazionale, Naples (MS Suppl. gr. 28), is an early 7th-century secular illuminated manuscript Greek herbal. The book has 172 folios and a page size of 29.7 x 14 cm (11 11/16 x 5 1/2 inches) and the tex ...

)

Detached Leaves

*Paris,

, MS lat. 12190 (Carpet Page)

Gregory of Tours Gregory of Tours (30 November 538 – 17 November 594 AD) was a Gallo-Roman historian and Bishop of Tours, which made him a leading prelate of the area that had been previously referred to as Gaul by the Romans. He was born Georgius Florenti ...

*Paris,

, MS lat. 17655 (Gregory of Tours, Historia Francorum)

Gregory the Great Pope Gregory I ( la, Gregorius I; – 12 March 604), commonly known as Saint Gregory the Great, was the bishop of Rome from 3 September 590 to his death. He is known for instigating the first recorded large-scale mission from Rome, the Gregori ...

*Troyes, Bibliothèque municipale, MS 504 ( Gregory the Great, Pastoral Care)

Origen Origen of Alexandria, ''Ōrigénēs''; Origen's Greek name ''Ōrigénēs'' () probably means "child of Horus" (from , "Horus", and , "born"). ( 185 – 253), also known as Origen Adamantius, was an Early Christianity, early Christian scholar, ...

*London, British Library, Burney MS 340 (Origen, Homiliae in numeri)

8th century

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...
s

Alba-Iulia Alba Iulia (; german: Karlsburg or ''Carlsburg'', formerly ''Weißenburg''; hu, Gyulafehérvár; la, Apulum) is a city that serves as the seat of Alba County in the west-central part of Romania. Located on the Mureș River in the historical ...

Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, S ...

Batthyaneum Library Alba Iulia (; german: Karlsburg or ''Carlsburg'', formerly ''Weißenburg''; hu, Gyulafehérvár; la, Apulum) is a city that serves as the seat of Alba County in the west-central part of Romania. Located on the Mureș River in the historical ...

, s.n.;

Vatican library The Vatican Apostolic Library ( la, Bibliotheca Apostolica Vaticana, it, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana), more commonly known as the Vatican Library or informally as the Vat, is the library of the Holy See, located in Vatican City. Formally es ...

, Pal. lat. 50; Cover in London,

(

Codex Aureus of Lorsch The ''Codex Aureus of Lorsch'' or Lorsch Gospels (Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Pal. lat. 50, and Alba Iulia, Biblioteca Documenta Batthyaneum, s.n.) is an illuminated Gospel Book written in Latin between 778 and 820, roughly coinciding with th ...

) *

, Corpus Christi College, MS 197B, ff. 1-36 (Formerly pp. 245–316) and London, British Library, MS

Cotton Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus ''Gossypium'' in the mallow family Malvaceae. The fiber is almost pure cellulose, and can contain minor perce ...

Otho Marcus Otho (; born Marcus Salvius Otho; 28 April 32 – 16 April 69) was the seventh Roman emperor, ruling for three months from 15 January to 16 April 69. He was the second emperor of the Year of the Four Emperors. A member of a noble Etru ...

C. V ( Cotton-Corpus Christi Gospel Fragment) *

, MS A. I. (58) (

Book of Kells The Book of Kells ( la, Codex Cenannensis; ga, Leabhar Cheanannais; Dublin, Trinity College Library, MS A. I. 8 sometimes known as the Book of Columba) is an illuminated manuscript Gospel book in Latin, containing the four Gospels of the New ...

) *Dublin, Trinity College Library, MS 59 (

Book of Dimma The Book of Dimma (Dublin, Trinity College, MS.A.IV.23) is an 8th-century Irish pocket Gospel Book originally from the Abbey of Roscrea, founded by St. Crónán in County Tipperary, Ireland. In addition to the Gospels of Luke and John, it ha ...

) *Dublin, Trinity College Library, MS 60 (

Book of Mulling The Book of Mulling or less commonly, Book of Moling (Dublin, Trinity College Library MS 60 (A. I. 15)), is an Irish pocket Gospel Book from the late 8th or early 9th century. The text collection includes the four Gospels, a liturgical servic ...

) *

, Cathedral Library, MSS A. II. 16, ff. 1-23, 34-86, 102 and Cambridge,

Pepysian MS 2981 (18) (Insular Gospel Book Fragment) *

Freiburg im Breisgau Freiburg im Breisgau (; abbreviated as Freiburg i. Br. or Freiburg i. B.; Low Alemannic German, Low Alemannic: ''Friburg im Brisgau''), commonly referred to as Freiburg, is an independent city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. With a population o ...

, Universitatbibliothek, Cod. 702 (Freiburg Gospel Book Fragment) *

Gotha Gotha () is the fifth-largest city in Thuringia, Germany, west of Erfurt and east of Eisenach with a population of 44,000. The city is the capital of the district of Gotha and was also a residence of the Ernestine Wettins from 1640 until the ...

, Forschungsbibliothek, Cod. Memb I. 18 (

Gotha Gospel Book Gotha () is the fifth-largest city in Thuringia, Germany, west of Erfurt and east of Eisenach with a population of 44,000. The city is the capital of the district of Gotha and was also a residence of the Ernestine Wettins from 1640 until the ...

) * Harburg-Bayern, Schloss Harburg, Fürst, Oettingen-Wallerstein'sche Bibliothek Cod. I. 2. 4. 2 (Maihingen Gospels) *

Hereford Hereford () is a cathedral city, civil parish and the county town of Herefordshire, England. It lies on the River Wye, approximately east of the border with Wales, south-west of Worcester and north-west of Gloucester. With a population ...

, Cathedral Library, MS P. I. 2 (

Hereford Gospels The Hereford Gospels (Hereford, Hereford Cathedral Library, MS P. I. 2) is an 8th-century illuminated manuscript gospel book in insular script (minuscule), with large illuminated initials in the Insular style. This is a very late Anglo-Saxon go ...

) *

Lichfield Lichfield () is a cathedral city and civil parish in Staffordshire, England. Lichfield is situated roughly south-east of the county town of Stafford, south-east of Rugeley, north-east of Walsall, north-west of Tamworth and south-west of B ...

, Cathedral Library, (

Lichfield Gospels The Lichfield Gospels (recently more often referred to as the St Chad Gospels, but also known as the Book of Chad, the Gospels of St Chad, the St Teilo Gospels, the Llandeilo Gospels, and variations on these) is an 8th-century Insular Gospel ...

(Book of St. Chad)) *London, British Library, Add MS 5463 (

Codex Beneventanus The Codex Beneventanus (British Library, Add MS 5463) is an 8th-century illuminated codex containing a Gospel Book. According to a subscription on folio 239 verso, the manuscript was written by a monk named Lupus for one Ato, who was probably Ato ...

) *London, British Library, Add MS 40618 (

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...

) *London, British Library, MS Cotton Nero D. IV (

Lindisfarne Gospels The Lindisfarne Gospels (London, British Library Cotton MS Nero D.IV) is an illuminated manuscript gospel book probably produced around the years 715–720 in the monastery at Lindisfarne, off the coast of Northumberland, which is now in the B ...

) *London, British Library, Royal MS 1. B. VII (

) *

Maaseik Maaseik (; li, Mezeik) is a city and municipality in the Belgian province of Limburg. Both in size (close to 77 km2) and in population (approx. 25,000 inhabitants, of whom some 3,000 non-Belgian), it is the 8th largest municipality in Limburg ...

, Church of St. Catherine, Treasury, s. n. (Maaseik Gospel Book) *

Bodleian Library The Bodleian Library () is the main research library of the University of Oxford, and is one of the oldest libraries in Europe. It derives its name from its founder, Sir Thomas Bodley. With over 13 million printed items, it is the second- ...

, MS Auct. D. 2. 19 (S. C. 3946) (

Rushworth Gospels Rushworth is a surname of English origin and may refer to: * Harold Rushworth (1880–1950), New Zealand politician; MP for Bay of Islands 1929–38 * John Rushworth (1612–1690), English historian * Lee Rushworth (born 1982), English cricketer * ...

(MacRegol Gospels)) *Paris,

Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal The Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal (''Library of the Arsenal'', founded 1757) in Paris has been part of the Bibliothèque nationale de France since 1934. History The collections of the library originated with the private library of Marc-René, 3rd ...

, MS 599 (Saint-Martin-des-Champs Gospels) *Paris,

, MS lat. 281, 298 (Codex Bigotianus) *Paris, Bibliothèque nationale, MS lat. 9389 (

Echternach Gospels The Echternach Gospels (Paris, Bib. N., MS. lat. 9389) were produced, presumably, at Lindisfarne Abbey in Northumbria around the year 690. This location was very significant for the production of Insular manuscripts, such as the Durham Gospels ...

) *Paris, Bibliothèque nationale, MS nouv. acq. lat. 1203(

Godescalc Evangelistary The Godescalc Evangelistary, Godescalc Sacramentary, Godescalc Gospels, or Godescalc Gospel Lectionary (Paris, BNF. acquisitions nouvelles lat.1203) is an illuminated manuscript in Latin made by the Frankish scribe Godescalc and today kept in the ...

) *Paris, Bibliothèque nationale, MS nouv. acq. lat. 1587 (Gospel Book of St. Gatian of Tours) * St. Gall, Stiftsbibliothek, Cod. 51 ( St. Gall Gospel Book) *

Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...

National Library of Russia The National Library of Russia (NLR, russian: Российская национальная библиотека}), located in Saint Petersburg, is the first, and one of three national public libraries in Russia. The NLR is currently ranked amo ...

, Cod. F. v. I. 8 (

Leningrad Gospels The Saint Petersburg Gospels or Leningrad Gospels (housed in Saint Petersburg at the Imperial Public Library Cod. F. v. I. 8) is an illuminated manuscript of the gospels in Hiberno-Saxon style dating from around 800 AD. This highly idiosyncratic w ...

(Saint Petersburg Gospels)) *

Stockholm Stockholm () is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in Sweden by population, largest city of Sweden as well as the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, largest urban area in Scandinavia. Approximately 980,000 people liv ...

, Royal Library, MS A. 135 (

Stockholm Codex Aureus The Stockholm Codex Aureus (Stockholm, National Library of Sweden, MS A. 135, also known as the Codex Aureus of Canterbury and Codex Aureus Holmiensis) is a Gospel book written in the mid-eighth century in Southumbria, probably in Canterbury, wh ...

) *

Trier Trier ( , ; lb, Tréier ), formerly known in English as Trèves ( ;) and Triers (see also names in other languages), is a city on the banks of the Moselle in Germany. It lies in a valley between low vine-covered hills of red sandstone in the ...

, Trier Cathedral Treasury, Codex 61 (Bibliotheksnummer 134) (Trier Gospels) *

Stadtbibliothek
Cod.22 (

Ada Gospels The Ada Gospels (Trier, Stadtbibliothek, Codex 22) is a late eighth century or early ninth century Carolingian gospel book in the Stadtbibliothek, Trier, Germany. The manuscript contains a dedication to Charlemagne's sister Ada, from where it get ...

) *

Turin Turin ( , Piedmontese language, Piedmontese: ; it, Torino ) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in Northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital ...

, Biblioteca Nazionale, MS O. IV. 20 (Gospel Book fragment) *

, MS Barberini Lat. 570 ( Barberini Gospels) *

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

, Cod. 1224 (Cuthbert Gospels) *Vienna,

Kunsthistorisches Museum The Kunsthistorisches Museum ( "Museum of Art History", often referred to as the "Museum of Fine Arts") is an art museum in Vienna, Austria. Housed in its festive palatial building on the Vienna Ring Road, it is crowned with an octagonal do ...

, Schatzkammer, Inv. XIII 18 (

Vienna Coronation Gospels The Vienna Coronation Gospels, also known simply as the Coronation Gospels (), is a late 8th century illuminated Gospel Book produced at the court of Charlemagne in Aachen.Kunsthistorisches 1991, p. 166. It was used by the future emperor at his co ...

)

Psalter A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters we ...
s

*Berlin, Staatsbibliothek Preußischer Kulturbesitz, MS Hamilton 553 (Salaberga Psalter) *London, British Library, MS

Cotton Vespasian This is an incomplete list of some of the manuscripts from the Cotton library that today form the Cotton collection of the British Library. Some manuscripts were destroyed or damaged in a fire at Ashburnham House in 1731, and a few are kept in othe ...

A. I (

Vespasian Psalter The Vespasian Psalter (London, British Library, Cotton Vespasian A I) is an Anglo-Saxon illuminated psalter decorated in a partly Insular style produced in the second or third quarter of the 8th century. It contains an interlinear gloss in Old En ...

)

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...
s

Amiens Amiens (English: or ; ; pcd, Anmien, or ) is a city and commune in northern France, located north of Paris and south-west of Lille. It is the capital of the Somme department in the region of Hauts-de-France. In 2021, the population of ...

, Bibliothèque municipale, MSS 6-7,9,11-12 and Paris,

, MS lat. 13174. (Maurdramnus Bible) *London, British Library, Add MS 45025 and 37777 (

Ceolfrid Bible The Ceolfrid Bible (London, British Library, Add MS 45025) is a fragment of a late 7th or early 8th century Bible. It is almost certainly a portion of one of the three single-volume Bibles ordered made by Ceolfrid, Abbot of Monkwearmouth-Jarrow. ...

)

Apocalypse manuscripts

Stadtbibliothek
MS 31, (Trier Apocalypse)

Boethius Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius, commonly known as Boethius (; Latin: ''Boetius''; 480 – 524 AD), was a Roman senator, consul, ''magister officiorum'', historian, and philosopher of the Early Middle Ages. He was a central figure in the tr ...

Bamberg Bamberg (, , ; East Franconian: ''Bambärch'') is a town in Upper Franconia, Germany, on the river Regnitz close to its confluence with the river Main. The town dates back to the 9th century, when its name was derived from the nearby ' castle. C ...

Bamberg State Library The Bamberg State Library (german: Staatsbibliothek Bamberg) is a combined universal, regional and research library with priority given to the humanities. Today it is housed in the New Residence, the former prince-bishop's new palace. The Free ...

, Msc.Class.5 (Boethius, Arithmetica)

Isidore of Seville Isidore of Seville ( la, Isidorus Hispalensis; c. 560 – 4 April 636) was a Spanish scholar, theologian, and archbishop of Seville. He is widely regarded, in the words of 19th-century historian Montalembert, as "the last scholar of ...

Basel , french: link=no, Bâlois(e), it, Basilese , neighboring_municipalities= Allschwil (BL), Hégenheim (FR-68), Binningen (BL), Birsfelden (BL), Bottmingen (BL), Huningue (FR-68), Münchenstein (BL), Muttenz (BL), Reinach (BL), Riehen (BS ...

University Library An academic library is a library that is attached to a higher education institution and serves two complementary purposes: to support the curriculum and the research of the university faculty and students. It is unknown how many academic librar ...

, MS F. III.f (Isidore, De Natura Rerum) *

Brussels Brussels (french: Bruxelles or ; nl, Brussel ), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) (french: link=no, Région de Bruxelles-Capitale; nl, link=no, Bruss ...

, Bibliothèque royale Albert 1er, MS. II. 4856 (Isidore, Etymologies)

Bede Bede ( ; ang, Bǣda , ; 672/326 May 735), also known as Saint Bede, The Venerable Bede, and Bede the Venerable ( la, Beda Venerabilis), was an English monk at the monastery of St Peter and its companion monastery of St Paul in the Kingdom o ...

*London, British Library, MS Cotton

Tiberius Tiberius Julius Caesar Augustus (; 16 November 42 BC – 16 March AD 37) was the second Roman emperor. He reigned from AD 14 until 37, succeeding his stepfather, the first Roman emperor Augustus. Tiberius was born in Rome in 42 BC. His father ...

A. XIV (Bede, Ecclesiastical History) *London, British Library, MS

Cotton Tiberius This is an incomplete list of some of the manuscripts from the Cotton library that today form the Cotton collection of the British Library. Some manuscripts were destroyed or damaged in a fire at Ashburnham House in 1731, and a few are kept in othe ...

C. II (Bede, Ecclesiastical History) *

Public Library A public library is a library that is accessible by the general public and is usually funded from public sources, such as taxes. It is operated by librarians and library paraprofessionals, who are also Civil service, civil servants. There are ...

, Cod. Q. v. I. 18 (

Saint Petersburg Bede The Saint Petersburg Bede (Saint Petersburg, National Library of Russia, lat. Q. v. I. 18), formerly known as the Leningrad Bede, is an Anglo-Saxon illuminated manuscript, a near-contemporary version of Bede's 8th century history, the ''Historia ...

(Leningrad Bede))

Cassiodorus Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus Senator (c. 485 – c. 585), commonly known as Cassiodorus (), was a Roman statesman, renowned scholar of antiquity, and writer serving in the administration of Theodoric the Great, king of the Ostrogoths. ''Senator'' w ...

*Durham, Cathedral Library, MS B. II. 30 ( Durham Cassiodorus)

Miscellanies A miscellany is a collection of various pieces of writing by different authors. Meaning a mixture, medley, or assortment, a wikt:miscellany, miscellany can include pieces on many subjects and in a variety of different Literary genre, forms. In c ...

*London, British Library, Add MS 43460 (

Theological miscellany Theology is the systematic study of the nature of the divine and, more broadly, of religious belief. It is taught as an academic discipline, typically in universities and seminaries. It occupies itself with the unique content of analyzing the ...

)

Pope Gregory I Pope Gregory I ( la, Gregorius I; – 12 March 604), commonly known as Saint Gregory the Great, was the bishop of Rome from 3 September 590 to his death. He is known for instigating the first recorded large-scale mission from Rome, the Gregori ...

*London, British Library, Add MS 31031 ( Gregory, Moralia in Job) *

, MS B. 159 Sup. (Gregory, Dialogues)

Liturgical manuscripts

*Paris,

, MS lat. 9427 (Lectionary) *Paris, Bibliothèque nationale, MS lat. 12048 (Sacramentary)

Hagiography A hagiography (; ) is a biography of a saint or an ecclesiastical leader, as well as, by extension, an adulatory and idealized biography of a founder, saint, monk, nun or icon in any of the world's religions. Early Christian hagiographies migh ...

*Milan, Biblioteca Ambrosiana, MS F. 48 Sup. (Lives of the Saints and Their Teachings)

Césaire d'Arles

*Brussels, Bibliothèque royale Albert 1er, MSS 9850-0852 (Césaire d'Arles, Homilies and Commentary on the Gospels)

Collectio canonum

The Hague The Hague ( ; nl, Den Haag or ) is a city and municipality of the Netherlands, situated on the west coast facing the North Sea. The Hague is the country's administrative centre and its seat of government, and while the official capital of ...

, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, 10 B 4 ( Collectio canonum)

Glossaries

*St. Gallen, Stiftsbibliothek, Cod. 911 ( Codex Abrogans)

Prayer Book

Verona Verona ( , ; vec, Verona or ) is a city on the Adige River in Veneto, Northern Italy, Italy, with 258,031 inhabitants. It is one of the seven provincial capitals of the region. It is the largest city Comune, municipality in the region and the ...

Verona Cathedral file:Italy - Verona - Cathedral.jpg, 250px, Verona Cathedral (2022) Verona Cathedral ( it, Cattedrale Santa Maria Matricolare; Duomo di Verona) is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Verona, northern Italy, dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary under the d ...

, Biblioteca Capit. Cod. LXXXIX (Libellus Orationum)

9th century

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...
s

Aachen Aachen ( ; ; Aachen dialect: ''Oche'' ; French and traditional English: Aix-la-Chapelle; or ''Aquisgranum''; nl, Aken ; Polish: Akwizgran) is, with around 249,000 inhabitants, the 13th-largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia, and the 28th- ...

, s. n. ( Aachen Gospels) *

Abbeville Abbeville (, vls, Abbekerke, pcd, Advile) is a commune in the Somme department and in Hauts-de-France region in northern France. It is the chef-lieu of one of the arrondissements of Somme. Located on the river Somme, it was the capital of ...

, Bibliothèque municipale, MS 4 (

St. Riquier Gospels The St. Riquier Gospels is an Illuminated manuscript, illuminated Gospel Book made during the Carolingian Renaissance. It was given to Angilbert, abbot of the monastery of Richarius, Saint Riquier at Saint-Riquier, Centula by Charlemagne. It is a ...

) *

Bern german: Berner(in)french: Bernois(e) it, bernese , neighboring_municipalities = Bremgarten bei Bern, Frauenkappelen, Ittigen, Kirchlindach, Köniz, Mühleberg, Muri bei Bern, Neuenegg, Ostermundigen, Wohlen bei Bern, Zollikofen , website ...

, Bergerbibliothek, Cod. 348 (Gospel Book) *Bern, Stadtbibliothek, 671 (Cornish Gospels) *

, Biblioteca Civica Queriniana, Cod. E. II. 9 (Gospel Book) *

, Bibliothèque royale Albert 1er, MS 18.723 (Xanten Gospels) *

, MS 56 (

Codex Usserianus Secundus The Garland of Howth, also known as the Codex Usserianus Secundus, designated by r2 or 28 (in the Beuron system), is a fragmentary 8th to 10th century Latin Gospel Book now in Trinity College Dublin as MS. 56 (A. IV. 6). The text, written on ve ...

(Garland of Howth)) *

Épernay Épernay () is a commune in the Marne department of northern France, 130 km north-east of Paris on the mainline railway to Strasbourg. The town sits on the left bank of the Marne at the extremity of the Cubry valley which crosses it. Éperna ...

, Bibliothèque municipale de Épernay, Ms. 1 (

Ebbo Gospels The Ebbo Gospels (Épernay, Bibliothèque Municipale, Ms. 1) is an early Carolingian illuminated Gospel book known for an unusual, energetic style of illustration. The book was produced in the ninth century at the Benedictine Abbaye Saint-Pierre ...

) *

Fulda Fulda () (historically in English called Fuld) is a town in Hesse, Germany; it is located on the river Fulda and is the administrative seat of the Fulda district (''Kreis''). In 1990, the town hosted the 30th Hessentag state festival. History ...

, Landesbibliothek, Cod. Bonifatianus 3 (Cadmug Gospel Book) *London,

, Add MS 11848 ( Carolingian Gospel Book) *London, British Library, Add MS 47673 (

Schuttern Gospels The Schuttern Gospels (British Library, Add MS 47673) is an early 9th century illuminated Gospel Book that was produced at Schuttern Abbey in Baden. According to a colophon on folio 206v, the manuscript was written by the deacon Liutharius, at ...

) *London, British Library, Egerton MS 609 ( Breton Gospel Book) *London, British Library, Egerton MS 768 (

) *London, British Library, Harley MS 2788 (

Harley Golden Gospels The Harley Golden Gospels, British Library, Harley MS 2788, is a Carolingian illuminated manuscript Gospel book produced in about 800–825, probably in Aachen, Germany. It is one of the manuscripts attributed to the "Ada School", which is named ...

) *London, British Library, Royal MS 1. E. VI and Canterbury, Cathedral Library, Additional MS 16 (Royal Bible (Canterbury Gospel Book)) *

Munich Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the States of Germany, German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the List of cities in Germany by popu ...

Bayerische Staatsbibliothek The Bavarian State Library (german: Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, abbreviated BSB, called ''Bibliotheca Regia Monacensis'' before 1919) in Munich is the central " Landesbibliothek", i. e. the state library of the Free State of Bavaria, the bigg ...

, Clm 14000 (

Codex Aureus of St. Emmeram The Codex Aureus of St. Emmeram (Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Clm 14000) is a 9th-century illuminated Gospel Book. It is named after Emmeram of Regensburg and is lavishly illuminated. The cover of the codex is decorated with gems and ...

) *

New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States New York may also refer to: Film and television * '' ...

Morgan Library & Museum The Morgan Library & Museum, formerly the Pierpont Morgan Library, is a museum and research library in the Murray Hill neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. It is situated at 225 Madison Avenue, between 36th Street to the south and 37th S ...

, MS 1 (

Lindau Gospels The Lindau Gospels is an illuminated manuscript in the Morgan Library in New York, which is important for its illuminated text, but still more so for its treasure binding, or metalwork covers, which are of different periods. The oldest elemen ...

) *Paris,

, MS lat. 8850 ( Gospels of St. Medard de Soissons) *

Venice Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto Regions of Italy, region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 ...

San Lorenzo San Lorenzo is the Italian and Spanish name for Lawrence of Rome, Saint Lawrence, the 3rd-century Christian martyr, and may refer to: Places Argentina * San Lorenzo, Santa Fe * San Lorenzo Department, Chaco * Monte San Lorenzo, a mountain on t ...

, cod. 1144/86 (Gospel of Queen Mlke, 86

*

, M6200 (Lazarian Gospel, 887)

Psalter A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters we ...
s

*London, British Library, Add MS 37768 (Psalter of Lothaire) *

Montpellier Montpellier (, , ; oc, Montpelhièr ) is a city in southern France near the Mediterranean Sea. One of the largest urban centres in the region of Occitania (administrative region), Occitania, Montpellier is the prefecture of the Departments of ...

, Bibliothèque de l'université, 409 ( Montpellier Psalter) *Moscow,

State Historical Museum The State Historical Museum ( Russian: Государственный исторический музей, ''Gosudarstvenny istoricheskiy muzyey'') of Russia is a museum of Russian history The history of Russia begins with the histories of ...

, MS D. 29 (

Chludov Psalter Chludov Psalter (russian: Хлудовская псалтырь; Moscow, Hist. Mus. MS. D.129) is an illuminated marginal Psalter made in the middle of the 9th Century. It is a unique monument of Byzantine art at the time of the Iconoclasm, one of ...

) *

Stuttgart Stuttgart (; Swabian: ; ) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is located on the Neckar river in a fertile valley known as the ''Stuttgarter Kessel'' (Stuttgart Cauldron) and lies an hour from the ...

, Wurttembergische Landesbibliothek, Cod. Bibl. 2. 12 (Stuttgart Psalter) *

Utrecht Utrecht ( , , ) is the List of cities in the Netherlands by province, fourth-largest city and a List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality of the Netherlands, capital and most populous city of the Provinces of the Netherlands, pro ...

, Universiteitsbibliotheek, MS Bibl. Rhenotraiectinae I Nr 32. (

Utrecht Psalter The Utrecht Psalter (Utrecht, Universiteitsbibliotheek, MS Bibl. Rhenotraiectinae I Nr 32.) is a ninth-century illuminated manuscript, illuminated psalter which is a key masterpiece of Carolingian art; it is probably the most valuable manuscript ...

)

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...
s

Cava de' Tirreni Cava de' Tirreni (; Cilentan: ''A Càva'') is a city and ''comune'' in the region of Campania, Italy, in the province of Salerno, northwest of the town of Salerno. It lies in a richly cultivated valley surrounded by wooded hills, and is a pop ...

, Biblioteca della Badia, Ms. memb. I 303 (

La Cava Bible The La Cava Bible or ''Codex Cavensis'' (Cava de' Tirreni, Biblioteca statale del Monumento Nazionale Badia di Cava, Ms. memb. I) is a 9th-century Latin illuminated Bible, which was produced in Spain, probably in the Kingdom of Asturias during the ...

) *London, British Library, Add MS 10546. (Moutier-Grandval Bible) *Paris,

, MS lat. 1 (

First Bible of Charles the Bald The Firstfor disambiguation with the Second Bible of Charles the Bald, BNF Lat. 2, dated between 871 and 873. Bible of Charles the Bald (Bibliothèque Nationale, BNF Lat. 1), also known as the Vivian Bible, is a Carolingian-era Biblical manuscri ...

) *Paris, Bibliothèque nationale, MS lat. 2 (Second Bible of Charles the Bald) *Paris, Bibliothèque nationale, MS lat. 8847 (Bible fragment) *Rome, St. Paul's Outside the Walls, s.n. (kept in the Vatican Library) (

Bible of San Paolo fuori le Mura The Bible of San Paolo fuori le Mura is a 9th-century illuminated Bible. It is the most sumptuous surviving Carolingian Bible. The manuscript was produced at Rheims under the patronage of Charles the Bald, and it was presented to Pope John VIII ...

)

Job Work or labor (or labour in British English) is intentional activity people perform to support the needs and wants of themselves, others, or a wider community. In the context of economics, work can be viewed as the human activity that contr ...
and
Ezra Ezra (; he, עֶזְרָא, '; fl. 480–440 BCE), also called Ezra the Scribe (, ') and Ezra the Priest in the Book of Ezra, was a Jewish scribe (''sofer'') and priest (''kohen''). In Greco-Latin Ezra is called Esdras ( grc-gre, Ἔσδρας ...

*London, British Library, Arundel MS 125 (Job and Ezra)

Prayerbooks

, MS L1. 1. 10 (

Book of Cerne The Book of Cerne (Cambridge, Cambridge University Library, MS Ll. 1. 10) is an early ninth-century Insular or Anglo-Saxon Latin personal prayer book with Old English components. It belongs to a group of four such early prayer books, the others ...

) *London, British Library, Harley MS 2965 (

Book of Nunnaminster The Book of Nunnaminster (London, British Library, Harley MS 2965) is a 9th-century Anglo-Saxon prayerbook. It was written in the kingdom of Mercia, using an " insular" hand (as used in the British Isles), related to Carolingian minuscule. It was ...

) *London, British Library, Royal MS 2. A. XX (Royal Prayerbook) *London, British Library, Add MS 30852 (Mozarabic Prayerbook)

Liturgical Books A liturgical book, or service book, is a book published by the authority of a church body that contains the text and directions for the liturgy of its official religious services. Christianity Roman Rite In the Roman Rite of the Catholic C ...

*Dublin,

, MS D. II. 3, ff. 12-67 (

Stowe Missal The Stowe Missal (sometimes known as the Lorrha Missal), which is, strictly speaking, a sacramentary rather than a missal, is a small Irish illuminated manuscript written mainly in Latin with some Old Irish in the late eighth or early ninth cen ...

) *Paris,

, MS lat. 9428 (

Drogo Sacramentary The Drogo Sacramentary (Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale de FranceMS lat. 9428 is a Carolingian illuminated manuscript on vellum from 850 AD, one of the monuments of Carolingian book illumination. It is a sacramentary, a book containing all th ...

) *Paris, Bibliothèque nationale, MS lat. 9451 (Lectionary)

Miscellanies A miscellany is a collection of various pieces of writing by different authors. Meaning a mixture, medley, or assortment, a wikt:miscellany, miscellany can include pieces on many subjects and in a variety of different Literary genre, forms. In c ...

*Dublin, Trinity College Library, MS 52 (

Book of Armagh The ''Book of Armagh'' or Codex Ardmachanus (ar or 61) ( ga, Leabhar Ard Mhacha), also known as the ''Canon of Patrick'' and the ''Liber Ar(d)machanus'', is a 9th-century Irish illuminated manuscript written mainly in Latin. It is held by the L ...

) *London, British Library, Royal MS 5 E XIII (Miscellany) *

Lucca Lucca ( , ) is a city and ''comune'' in Tuscany, Central Italy, on the Serchio River, in a fertile plain near the Ligurian Sea. The city has a population of about 89,000, while its province has a population of 383,957. Lucca is known as one o ...

, Biblioteca Capitolare Feliniana, MS 490 (Miscellany)

Physiologus The ''Physiologus'' () is a didactic Christian text written or compiled in Greek by an unknown author, in Alexandria; its composition has been traditionally dated to the 2nd century AD by readers who saw parallels with writings of Clement of Alex ...

, Burgerbibliothek, Codex Bongarsianus 318 (

Bern Physiologus The ''Bern Physiologus'' (Bern, Burgerbibliothek, ''Codex Bongarsianus'' 318) is a 9th-century illuminated copy of the Latin translation of the ''Physiologus''. It was probably produced at Reims about 825–850. It is believed to be a copy of a 5 ...

)

Cicero Marcus Tullius Cicero ( ; ; 3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, and academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the estab ...

*London, British Library, Add MS 47678 (Cicero, Speeches) *London, British Library, Harley MS 647 (Cicero, Aratea)

Germanicus Germanicus Julius Caesar (24 May 15 BC – 10 October AD 19) was an ancient Roman general, known for his campaigns in Germania. The son of Nero Claudius Drusus and Antonia the Younger, Germanicus was born into an influential branch of the Patric ...

Leiden Leiden (; in English and archaic Dutch also Leyden) is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. The municipality of Leiden has a population of 119,713, but the city forms one densely connected agglomeration wit ...

, Universiteitsbibliotheek, VLQ 79. ( Germanicus, Aratea)

Agrimensores

, MS Palat. lat 1564 (

Agrimensores ''Gromatici'' (from Latin '' groma'' or ''gruma'', a surveyor's pole) or ''agrimensores'' was the name for land surveyors amongst the ancient Romans. The "gromatic writers" were technical writers who codified their techniques of surveying, most ...

)

Theodore of Mopsuestia Theodore of Mopsuestia (c. 350 – 428) was a Christian theologian, and Bishop of Mopsuestia (as Theodore II) from 392 to 428 AD. He is also known as Theodore of Antioch, from the place of his birth and presbyterate. He is the best known ...

, Biblioteca Nazionale, MS B. 1. 2 (Theodore, Commentary on the Twelve Minor Prophets)

Terence Publius Terentius Afer (; – ), better known in English as Terence (), was a Roman African playwright during the Roman Republic. His comedies were performed for the first time around 166–160 BC. Terentius Lucanus, a Roman senator, brought ...

*Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica, MS Vat. lat. 3868 ( Vatican Terence)

Beatus manuscripts

*Silos, Spain, Biblioteca del

Monastery of Santo Domingo de Silos Santo Domingo de Silos Abbey ( es, Abadía del Monasterio de Santo Domingo de Silos) is a Benedictine monastery in the village of Santo Domingo de Silos in the southern part of Burgos Province in northern Spain. The monastery is named after the e ...

, frag. 4 (Silos Beatus Fragment)

Hrabanus Maurus Rabanus Maurus Magnentius ( 780 – 4 February 856), also known as Hrabanus or Rhabanus, was a Frankish Benedictine monk, theologian, poet, encyclopedist and military writer who became archbishop of Mainz in East Francia. He was the author of t ...

*Rome, Bibliotheca Vaticana, Reg. lat. 124 (Hrabanus Maurus, In Praise of the Holy Cross)

Canon Law Canon law (from grc, κανών, , a 'straight measuring rod, ruler') is a set of ordinances and regulations made by ecclesiastical authority (church leadership) for the government of a Christian organization or church and its members. It is th ...

*London, British Library, Cotton MS Claudius B. V (Acts of the Council of Constantinople)

10th century

Psalter A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters we ...
s

, Msc.Bibl.44 (

Psalter A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters we ...

) *

, St. John's College, MS C. 9 (59) (

Southampton Psalter The Southampton Psalter (Cambridge St John's College MS C.9) is an Insular illuminated Psalter from Ireland. It is asserted by some, to be from the ninth century, while other scholars have argued for a tenth- or even early eleventh-century dat ...

) *

Cividale Cividale del Friuli ( fur, Cividât (locally ); german: Östrich; sl, Čedad) is a town and ''comune'' in the Province of Udine, part of the Northern Italy, North-Italian Friuli Venezia Giulia ''regione''. The town lies above sea-level in the foo ...

, Biblioteca Civica, MS. Sacri 6 (

Egbert Psalter The Egbert Psalter (also known as the Gertrude Psalter or Trier Psalter) is a medieval illuminated manuscript Psalter preserved in the municipal museum of Cividale, Italy (Ms. CXXXVI). The psalter is an example of the illuminated manuscripts assoc ...

) *London,

, Add MS 18043 (Stavelot Psalter) *London, British Library, Add MS 37517 (Bosworth Psalter) *London, British Library, Cotton MS Galba A XVIII (Aethelstan Psalter) *London, British Library, Harley MS 2904 (

Ramsey Psalter The Psalter of Oswald also called the Ramsey Psalter (British Library, Harley MS 2904) is an Anglo-Saxon illuminated psalter of the last quarter of the tenth century. Its script and decoration suggest that it was made at Winchester, but certain ...

) *London, British Library, Royal MS 2 B V (Psalter) *

, MS Junius 27 (Codex Vossanius) *Paris,

, MS gr. 139 (

Paris Psalter The Paris Psalter (Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MS. gr. 139) is a Byzantine illuminated manuscript, 38 x 26.5 cm in size, containing 449 folios and 14 full-page miniatures. The Paris Psalter is considered a key monument of the so-called Macedo ...

) *

Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana The Vatican Apostolic Library ( la, Bibliotheca Apostolica Vaticana, it, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana), more commonly known as the Vatican Library or informally as the Vat, is the library of the Holy See, located in Vatican City. Formally es ...

, Pal. Lat. 39 (Heidelberg Psalter)

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...
s

, s. n. ( Aachen Gospels of Otto III) *

, MS II. 6. 32 (

Book of Deer The ''Book of Deer'' (''Leabhar Dhèir'' in Gaelic) (Cambridge University Library, MS. Ii.6.32) is a 10th-century Latin Gospel Book with early 12th-century additions in Latin, Old Irish and Scottish Gaelic. It contains the earliest survivin ...

) *

Darmstadt Darmstadt () is a city in the States of Germany, state of Hesse in Germany, located in the southern part of the Frankfurt Rhine Main Area, Rhine-Main-Area (Frankfurt Metropolitan Region). Darmstadt has around 160,000 inhabitants, making it th ...

, Landesbibliothek, MS 1948 (Gero Gospels) *

, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 76 F 1 (

Egmond Gospels The Egmond Gospels ( nl, Evangeliarium van Egmond) is a 9th-century Gospel Book written in Latin and accompanied by illustrations. It is named after the Egmond Abbey, to which it was given by Dirk II, and where it remained for six centuries. It ...

) *The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, 10 B 7 (

) *London, British Library, Add MS 9381 (

Bodmin Gospels The Bodmin manumissions are records included in a manuscript Gospel book, the Bodmin Gospels or St Petroc Gospels, British Library, Add MS 9381. The manuscript is mostly in Latin, but with elements in Old English and the earliest written example ...

) *London, British Library, Add MS 34890 (Grimbald Gospels) *London, British Library, Add MS 37320 (Greek Gospel Book) *London, British Library, Add MS 40000 (Gospel Book) *London, British Library, Arundel MS 524 (Greek Gospel Book) *London, British Library, Royal MS 1 A XVIII (Gospel Book) *London, British Library, Stowe MS 3 (Gospel Book) *

, Clm 4453 (

Gospels of Otto III The Gospels of Otto III (Munich, Bayer. Staatsbib., Clm. 4453) is considered a superb example of Ottonian art because of the scope, planning, and execution of the work. The book has 276 parchment pages (334 by 242 mm, 13.1 by 9.5 inches) and ...

) *

Modena Modena (, , ; egl, label=Emilian language#Dialects, Modenese, Mòdna ; ett, Mutna; la, Mutina) is a city and ''comune'' (municipality) on the south side of the Po Valley, in the Province of Modena in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern I ...

Biblioteca Estense The Biblioteca Estense ('' Estense Library''), was the family library of the marquis and dukes of Este. The exact date of the library's birth is still under speculation, however it is known for certain that the library was in use during the fourte ...

, Gr. I (

) *Saint Petersburg,

Russian National Library The National Library of Russia (NLR, russian: Российская национальная библиотека}), located in Saint Petersburg, is the first, and one of three national public libraries in Russia. The NLR is currently ranked amo ...

, Trapezunt Gospel *

Stadtbibliothek
Hs.24 (Codex Egberti) - UNESCO Welterbe *

, M2374 (

, 98

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...
s

*Vatican, Biblioteca Apoltolica Vaticana, Reg. gr. 1, (

Leo Bible The Leo Bible (Rome, Vatican, Bib. Apostolica, MS. Reg. gr. 1) is a Byzantine illuminated manuscript dated to the mid 10th century, making it one of the earliest surviving Byzantine Bibles.D. Olster: "Byzantine Hermeneutics After Iconoclasm: World a ...

) * León, Colegiata de San Isidoro, Cod. 2 (

León Bible of 960 The León Bible of 960 or Codex Biblicus Legionensis is a Mozarabic art and architecture, mozarabic Bible manuscript copied and illuminated in 960 at the monastery of Valeránica in Tordómar. It is now held in the library of the Basílica de San ...

) * León,

León Cathedral Santa María de Regla de León Cathedral is a Catholic church, the episcopal see of the diocese of León in north-western Spain, consecrated under the name of the Virgin Mary. It was the first monument declared by the Royal Order of Spain on ...

, Cod. 6 ( León Bible of 920) *

Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and ...

Biblioteca Nacional Biblioteca Nacional (Spanish or Portuguese: ''National Library'') may refer to: *Biblioteca Nacional de Chile, in Chile *Biblioteca Nacional de España, in Spain *Biblioteca Nacional del Perú, in Peru * Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal, in Portugal ...

Cod. Vit. 13-1 (Biblia Hispalense)

New Testament The New Testament grc, Ἡ Καινὴ Διαθήκη, transl. ; la, Novum Testamentum. (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon. It discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christ ...

*London, British Library, Add MS 28815 and Egerton MS 3145 (Greek New Testament)

Book of Joshua The Book of Joshua ( he, סֵפֶר יְהוֹשֻׁעַ‎ ', Tiberian: ''Sēp̄er Yŏhōšūaʿ'') is the sixth book in the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament, and is the first book of the Deuteronomistic history, the story of Isra ...

*Vatican, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Pal. gr. 431 (

Joshua Roll The Joshua Roll is a Byzantine illuminated manuscript of highly unusual format, probably of the 10th century Macedonian Renaissance, believed to have been created by artists of the imperial workshops in Constantinople, and is now held in the V ...

)

The first book of Maccabees

*Leiden, Universiteitsbibliotheek, PER F 17

Bede Bede ( ; ang, Bǣda , ; 672/326 May 735), also known as Saint Bede, The Venerable Bede, and Bede the Venerable ( la, Beda Venerabilis), was an English monk at the monastery of St Peter and its companion monastery of St Paul in the Kingdom o ...

*Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 183 (Corpus Bede) *London, British Library, Harley MS 1117 (Bede, Lives of Cuthbert) *Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Tanner 10 (Tanner Bede)

Beatus Manuscripts

Girona Girona (officially and in Catalan language, Catalan , Spanish: ''Gerona'' ) is a city in northern Catalonia, Spain, at the confluence of the Ter River, Ter, Onyar, Galligants, and Güell rivers. The city had an official population of 103,369 in ...

, Museo de la Catedral de Girona, Num. Inv. 7 (11), (

Girona Beatus The Gerona Beatus is a 10th-century illuminated manuscript currently housed in the museum of Girona Cathedral, Catalonia, Spain. The manuscript contains two separate documents: the Commentary on the Apocalypse by Beatus of Liébana, a late eight ...

) *

La Seu d'Urgell La Seu d'Urgell (; es, Seo de Urgel, formerly in ca, Urgell}) is a town located in the Catalan Pyrenees in Spain. La Seu d'Urgell is also the capital of the comarca Alt Urgell, head of the judicial district of la Seu d'Urgell and the seat of Bi ...

, Musei Diocesá de La Seu d'Urgell, ( Urgell Beatus) *

, Archivo Histórico Nacional, Cod. 1097B ( Tábara Beatus) *Madrid, Biblioteca Nacional, MS VIT. 14-1 (Vitrina 14-1 Beatus) *Madrid, Biblioteca Nacional, MS VIT. 14-2, ff. 1-5 (Vitrina 14-2 Beatus Fragment) *Madrid, Real Academia de la Historia, Cod. 33 (San Millán beatus) *

, MS 644 (

Morgan Beatus The Morgan Beatus (New York, Morgan Library & Museum, MS 644) is an illuminated manuscript with miniatures by the artist Magius of the Commentary on the Book of the Apocalypse by the eighth-century Spanish monk Beatus, which described the en ...

) *

San Lorenzo de El Escorial San Lorenzo de El Escorial, also known as El Escorial de Arriba, is a town and municipality in the Community of Madrid, Spain, located to the northwest of the region in the southeastern side of the Sierra de Guadarrama, at the foot of Mount ...

, Escorial, Biblioteca del Monasterio, Cod. & II. 5 ( Escorial Beatus) *

Valladolid Valladolid () is a Municipalities of Spain, municipality in Spain and the primary seat of government and de facto capital of the Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Castile and León. It is also the capital of the province o ...

, Biblioteca de la Universidad, (Valladolid Beatus)

Liturgical Manuscripts

*London, British Library, Add MS 30844 (Mozarabic Missal) *London, British Library, Add MS 49598 (

Benedictional of St. Æthelwold The Benedictional of St. Æthelwold (London, British Library, Add MS 49598) is a 10th-century illuminated benedictional, the most important surviving work of the Anglo-Saxon Winchester School of illumination. It contains the various pontific ...

) *London, British Library, Arundel MS 547 (Greek Gospel Lectionary)

Pope Gregory I Pope Gregory I ( la, Gregorius I; – 12 March 604), commonly known as Saint Gregory the Great, was the bishop of Rome from 3 September 590 to his death. He is known for instigating the first recorded large-scale mission from Rome, the Gregori ...

Chantilly Chantilly may refer to: Places France *Chantilly, Oise, a city located in the Oise department **US Chantilly, a football club *Château de Chantilly, a historic château located in the town of Chantilly United States * Chantilly, Missou ...

Musée Condé The Musée Condé – in English, the Condé Museum – is a French museum located inside the Château de Chantilly in Chantilly, Oise, 40 km north of Paris. In 1897, Henri d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale, son of Louis Philippe I, bequeathed the c ...

, MS 14 (St. Gregory, Epistles) *London, British Library, Egerton MS 3089 (Gregory, Dialogues) *

, Biblioteca Nacional, Cod. 80 (Gregory, Moralia in Job)

Dioscurides Pedanius Dioscorides ( grc-gre, Πεδάνιος Διοσκουρίδης, ; 40–90 AD), “the father of pharmacognosy”, was a Greek physician, pharmacologist, botanist, and author of ''De materia medica'' (, On Medical Material) —a 5-vol ...

*New York, Morgan Library & Museum, MS M. 652 ( Morgan Dioscurides)

Miscellanies A miscellany is a collection of various pieces of writing by different authors. Meaning a mixture, medley, or assortment, a wikt:miscellany, miscellany can include pieces on many subjects and in a variety of different Literary genre, forms. In c ...

*Cambridge, Corpus Christi College Library, MS 448 (Miscellany) *London, British Library, Add MS 24199 (Miscellany) *London, British Library,

Cotton MS Vespasian This is an incomplete list of some of the manuscripts from the Cotton library that today form the Cotton collection of the British Library. Some manuscripts were destroyed or damaged in a fire at Ashburnham House in 1731, and a few are kept in othe ...

D VI (Miscellany) *London, British Library, Royal MS 15 A XVI (Poetic miscellany)

Tironian Lexicon

*London, British Library, Add MS 37518 (Tironian Lexicon)

Orosius Paulus Orosius (; born 375/385 – 420 AD), less often Paul Orosius in English, was a Roman priest, historian and theologian, and a student of Augustine of Hippo. It is possible that he was born in '' Bracara Augusta'' (now Braga, Portugal), t ...

*London, British Library, Add MS 47967 (Tollemache Orosius)

Gregory of Nazianzus Gregory of Nazianzus ( el, Γρηγόριος ὁ Ναζιανζηνός, ''Grēgorios ho Nazianzēnos''; ''Liturgy of the Hours'' Volume I, Proper of Saints, 2 January. – 25 January 390,), also known as Gregory the Theologian or Gregory N ...

*London, British Library, Add MS 36634 (Gregory of Nazianzus, Orations)

Sedulius

*London, British Library, Royal MS 15. B. XIX., part A (Sedulius, poems)

Monastic rule A religious order is a lineage of communities and organizations of people who live in some way set apart from society in accordance with their specific religious devotion, usually characterized by the principles of its founder's religious practic ...
s

*London, British Library, Add MS 30055 (Collection of Monastic Rules)

Hagiography A hagiography (; ) is a biography of a saint or an ecclesiastical leader, as well as, by extension, an adulatory and idealized biography of a founder, saint, monk, nun or icon in any of the world's religions. Early Christian hagiographies migh ...

*London, British Library, Add MS 25600 (Passions of Saints at Cordova) *Madrid, Biblioteca Nacional, Cod. 10007 ( Vitae Patrum)

Cresconius

*Rome,

Biblioteca Vallicelliana The Biblioteca Vallicelliana is a library in Rome, Italy. The library is located in the Oratorio dei Filippini complex built by Francesco Borromini in Piazza della Chiesa Nuova. The library holds about 130,000 volumes of manuscripts, incunabula ...

, MS A. 5 (Creconius, Concordia Canonum)

John Chrysostom John Chrysostom (; gr, Ἰωάννης ὁ Χρυσόστομος; 14 September 407) was an important Early Church Father who served as archbishop of Constantinople. He is known for his homilies, preaching and public speaking, his denunciat ...

*The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, 10 B 5 (John Chrysostom, Homilies in Praise of St. Paul, the Apostle)

Pseudo-Apuleius 210px, Manuscript Kassel; 9th century, Mandragora Pseudo-Apuleius is the name given in modern scholarship to the author of a 4th-century herbal known as ''Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarius'' or ''Herbarium Apuleii Platonici''. The author of the text appare ...

*The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, 10 D 7 (Pseudo-Apuleius)

Canon law Canon law (from grc, κανών, , a 'straight measuring rod, ruler') is a set of ordinances and regulations made by ecclesiastical authority (church leadership) for the government of a Christian organization or church and its members. It is th ...

*San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Escorial, Biblioteca del Monasterio, d. I. 2 (

Conciliar Codex of Albelda The ''Codex Vigilanus'' or ''Codex Albeldensis'' (Spanish: ''Códice Vigilano'' or ''Albeldense'') is an Illuminated manuscript, illuminated compilation of various historical documents accounting for a period extending from antiquity to the 10 ...

)

Isidore of Seville Isidore of Seville ( la, Isidorus Hispalensis; c. 560 – 4 April 636) was a Spanish scholar, theologian, and archbishop of Seville. He is widely regarded, in the words of 19th-century historian Montalembert, as "the last scholar of ...

*London, British Library, Cotton MS Domitian I (Isidore of Seville, De natura rerum) *San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Escorial, Biblioteca del Monasterio, T. II. 24 (Isidore of Seville, Etymologiae)

Aldhelm Aldhelm ( ang, Ealdhelm, la, Aldhelmus Malmesberiensis) (c. 63925 May 709), Abbot of Malmesbury Abbey, Bishop of Sherborne, and a writer and scholar of Latin poetry, was born before the middle of the 7th century. He is said to have been the so ...

*London, British Library, Royal MS 5 E XI (Aldhelm, In Praise Of Virginity (London, British Library, Royal MS 5 E XI)) *London, British Library, Royal MS 5 F III (Aldhelm, In Praise Of Virginity (London, British Library, Royal MS 5 F III)) *London, British Library, Royal MS 6 A VI (Aldhelm, In Praise Of Virginity (London, British Library, Royal MS 6 A VI)) *London, British Library, Royal MS 7. D. XXIV (In Praise Of Virginity (London, British Library, Royal MS 7. D. XXIV))

Legal texts

*London, British Library, Cotton MS Otho E XIII (Legal Miscellany)

Biblical commentary Exegesis ( ; from the Ancient Greek, Greek , from , "to lead out") is a critical explanation or interpretation (logic), interpretation of a text. The term is traditionally applied to the interpretation of Bible, Biblical works. In modern usage, ...

*London, British Library, Royal MS 4 A XIV (Commentary On Psalms 109-149)

Medical texts Medicine is the science and practice of caring for a patient, managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment, palliation of their injury or disease, and promoting their health. Medicine encompasses a variety of health care pract ...

*London, British Library, Royal MS 12 D XVII (

Bald's Leechbook ''Bald's Leechbook'' (also known as ''Medicinale Anglicum'') is an Old English medical text probably compiled in the ninth century, possibly under the influence of Alfred the Great's educational reforms.Nokes, Richard Scott ‘The several compil ...

) *Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, Plut. 74. 7 (Medical miscellany)

11th century

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...
s

Baltimore Baltimore ( , locally: or ) is the List of municipalities in Maryland, most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland, fourth most populous city in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, and List of United States cities by popula ...

Walters Art Museum The Walters Art Museum, located in Mount Vernon-Belvedere, Baltimore, Maryland, United States, is a public art museum founded and opened in 1934. It holds collections established during the mid-19th century. The museum's collection was amassed ...

MS W. 7
(Gospel Book) *

, Msc.Bibl. (Gospels of Henry II, Clm 4452) *

Bremen Bremen (Low German also: ''Breem'' or ''Bräm''), officially the City Municipality of Bremen (german: Stadtgemeinde Bremen, ), is the capital of the German state Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (''Freie Hansestadt Bremen''), a two-city-state consis ...

Staatsbibliothek This is a list of the state libraries (german: Landesbibliothek) for each of the Länder of the Federal Republic of Germany. These libraries hold the right for legal deposit for the publications in their respective state. Landesbibliothek S ...

, MS b. 21 (Gospels of Henry III) *

Jerusalem Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...

, St James Treasury, J2556 (Kars Gospel

*

, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 135 F 10 (Gospels) *London,

, Add MS 28106 and 28107 (Gospel Book) *London, British Library, Add MS 37001 (Greek Gospel Book) *London, British Library, Harley MS 2820 (Cologne Gospels) *London, British Library, Harley MS 2821. (Ottonian Gospel Book) *London, British Library, Loan MS 11 (Kederminster Gospels) *Moscow,

Russian State Library The Russian State Library (russian: Российская государственная библиотека, Rossiyskaya gosudarstvennaya biblioteka) is one of the three national libraries of Russia, located in Moscow. It is the largest librar ...

, museum collection of manuscripts, №1666 (

Archangel Gospel The Archangelsk Gospel (russian: Архангельское Евангелие) is a lectionary in Old Church Slavonic dated to 1092. It is the fourth oldest Eastern Slavic manuscript.Башлыкова М. Е., ''Архангельское Ева� ...

) *Moscow,

, museum collection of manuscripts, №1689 (

Codex Marianus The ''Codex Marianus'' is an Old Church Slavonic fourfold Gospel Book written in Glagolitic script, dated to the beginning of the 11th century, which is (along with Codex Zographensis), one of the oldest manuscript witnesses to the Old Church Slav ...

, or Mariinsky Gospel) *

Nuremberg Nuremberg ( ; german: link=no, Nürnberg ; in the local East Franconian dialect: ''Nämberch'' ) is the second-largest city of the German state of Bavaria after its capital Munich, and its 518,370 (2019) inhabitants make it the 14th-largest ...

Germanisches Nationalmuseum The Germanisches National Museum is a museum in Nuremberg, Germany. Founded in 1852, it houses a large collection of items relating to German culture and art extending from prehistoric times through to the present day. The Germanisches National ...

, MS 156142 (

Codex Aureus of Echternach The Codex Aureus of Echternach (''Codex aureus Epternacensis'') is an illuminated Gospel Book, created in the approximate period 1030–1050, with a re-used front cover from around the 980s. It is now in the Germanisches Nationalmuseum in Nuremb ...

) *

Prague Prague ( ; cs, Praha ; german: Prag, ; la, Praga) is the capital and largest city in the Czech Republic, and the historical capital of Bohemia. On the Vltava river, Prague is home to about 1.3 million people. The city has a temperate ...

, The National Library of the Czech Republic, MS XIV A 13, ( Vyšehrad Codex), 1086 *

, (

Ostromir Gospels The Ostromir Gospels (Ukrainian: Остромирове Євангеліє, Russian: Остромирово Евангелие) is the oldest dated East Slavic book. (Archeologists have dated the Novgorod Codex, a wax writing tablet with excerpt ...

) *

Escorial El Escorial, or the Royal Site of San Lorenzo de El Escorial ( es, Monasterio y Sitio de El Escorial en Madrid), or Monasterio del Escorial (), is a historical residence of the King of Spain located in the town of San Lorenzo de El Escorial, up ...

, Real Biblioteca, Cod. Vitrinas 17, (

Golden Gospels of Henry III Golden means made of, or relating to gold. Golden may also refer to: Places United Kingdom *Golden, in the parish of Probus, Cornwall *Golden Cap, Dorset *Golden Square, Soho, London *Golden Valley, a valley on the River Frome in Gloucestershir ...

) *

, C 93 (

Emperor's Bible The Emperor's Bible (Uppsala, UUB ms C 93; sv, kejsarbibeln), also known as Codex Caesareus, Codex Caesareus Upsaliensis or the Goslar Gospels, is an 11th-century illuminated manuscript currently in Uppsala University Library, Sweden. Despite it ...

) *

, M6201 (Armenian Gospels of 1038) *

, M3593 (Armenian Gospels of 105

*

, M7736 (

Mugni Gospels The Mugni Gospel (Yerevan, Matenadaran, MS 7736) is an 11th-century Armenian Gospel Book produced in 1060. The manuscript is 42 by 32 cm and contains 301 folios. The binding of the book is made of wood, covered with red velvet and ornamented ...

)

Psalter A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters we ...
s

*Baltimore, The Walters Art Museum, MS W.530B (Vatopedi Psalter) *Dublin,

Trinity College, Dublin , name_Latin = Collegium Sanctae et Individuae Trinitatis Reginae Elizabethae juxta Dublin , motto = ''Perpetuis futuris temporibus duraturam'' (Latin) , motto_lang = la , motto_English = It will last i ...

, MS 50 ( Ricemarsh Psalter) *

Hildesheim Hildesheim (; nds, Hilmessen, Hilmssen; la, Hildesia) is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany with 101,693 inhabitants. It is in the district of Hildesheim, about southeast of Hanover on the banks of the Innerste River, a small tributary of the Lei ...

, Church of St. Godehard, s.n. (

St. Albans Psalter The St Albans Psalter, also known as the Albani Psalter or the Psalter of Christina of Markyate, is an English illuminated manuscript, one of several psalters known to have been created at or for St Albans Abbey in the 12th century.Rodney M. Th ...

) *London, British Library, Add MS 19352 (

Theodore Psalter The ''Theodore Psalter'' is an illustrated manuscript and compilation of the ''Psalms'' and the canticles, or Odes from the ''Old Testament''. "This Psalter has been held in the British Library since 1853 as ''Additional 19.352''," wrote Princeton ...

(Studion Psalter)) *London, British Library, Add MS 40731. (Psalter) *London, British Library, Arundel MS 155 ( Eadui Psalter (Arundel Psalter)) *London, British Library, MS

Tiberias Tiberias ( ; he, טְבֶרְיָה, ; ar, طبريا, Ṭabariyyā) is an Israeli city on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee. A major Jewish center during Late Antiquity, it has been considered since the 16th century one of Judaism's Fo ...

C. VI (Tiberias Psalter) *London, British Library, MS Cotton Vitellius F. XI (Vitellius Psalter) *London, British Library, Harley MS 603 (

Harley Psalter The Harley Psalter (British Library Harley MS 603) is an illuminated manuscript of the second and third decades of the 11th century, with some later additions. It is a Latin psalter on vellum, measures 380 x 310 mm and was probably produced a ...

) *London, British Library, MS

Stowe 2 (Psalter) The Stowe Psalter (British Library Stowe manuscripts, Stowe MS 2, also known as ''Spelman Psalter'' or ''King Alfred's Psalter'') is a psalter from the "2nd or 3rd quarter of the 11th century", at the end of Anglo-Saxon art. The text includes the ...

New Testament The New Testament grc, Ἡ Καινὴ Διαθήκη, transl. ; la, Novum Testamentum. (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon. It discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christ ...

*London, British Library, Add MS 39599 (Book of Acts and Epistles)

Apocalypse manuscripts

, Msc.Bibl.140 (

Bamberg Apocalypse The Bamberg Apocalypse (Bamberg State Library, Msc.Bibl.140) is an 11th-century richly illuminated manuscript containing the pictorial cycle of the Book of Revelation and a Gospel Lectionary of the books of pericopes. This medieval illuminated man ...

)

Beatus manuscripts

Burgo de Osma Burgo de Osma-Ciudad de Osma is the third-largest municipality in the province of Soria, in the autonomous community of Castile and León, Spain. It has a population of about 5,250. It is made up of two parts: *the smaller Ciudad de Osma (city ...

, Archivo de la Cateral, Cod. 1, (Osma Beatus) *

, Biblioteca del Monasterio, &. II. 5 ( Escorial Beatus) *

, Biblioteca Nacional, MS Vitrina 14-2 (Facundus Beatus) *

, M. 1079, ff. 6-12 (Fanlo Beatus) *Paris,

, MS lat. 8878 (

Saint-Sever Beatus The Saint-Sever Beatus, also known as the Apocalypse of Saint-Sever (Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MS lat. 8878), is a Romanesque Illuminated manuscript from the 11th century. It was made at Saint-Sever Abbey, then in the Duchy of Gascony, un ...

)

Liturgical manuscripts

*London, British Library, Add MS 30337. (

Exultet roll An Exultet roll is a long and wide illuminated scroll containing the text and music of the Exultet, the liturgical chant for the Paschal vigil. The material was usually parchment, the layout that of a rotulus (text parallel to the rod), the text ...

) *London, British Library, Add MS 30850 (Mozarabic Antiphoner) *

, Clm 4452 (

Pericopes of Henry II The Pericopes of Henry II (german: Perikopenbuch Heinrichs II.; Munich, Bavarian State Library, Clm 4452) is a luxurious medieval illuminated manuscript made for Henry II, the last Ottonian Holy Roman Emperor, made 1002–1012 AD. The manuscrip ...

) *Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Clm 15713 (

Salzburg Pericopes The Salzburg Pericopes (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek Clm 15713) is a medieval Ottonian illuminated gospel pericopes made ''c.'' 1020 at St. Peter's Monastery, Salzburg, during the reign of Henry II, the last Ottonian Holy Roman Emperor. It was mad ...

) *

National Library of the Czech Republic The National Library of the Czech Republic ( cs, Národní knihovna České republiky) is the central library of the Czech Republic. It is directed by the Ministry of Culture. The library's main building is located in the historical Clementinum b ...

, (

Codex Vyssegradensis The Vyšehrad Codex (Latin ''Codex Vyssegradensis''), also known as the ''Coronation Gospels of King Vratislaus'', is a late 11th-century illuminated Romanesque Gospel Book, which is considered the most important and most valuable manuscript kept ...

) *Vatican, Biblioteca Apostolica Vatican, Barb. Lat. 592 (

) *

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

, Poland,

Biblioteka Narodowa The National Library ( pl, Biblioteka Narodowa) is the central Polish library, subject directly to the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage of the Republic of Poland. The library collects books, journals, electronic and audiovisual publicat ...

, BN rps BOZ 8 ( Tyniec Sacramentarium)

Miscellanies A miscellany is a collection of various pieces of writing by different authors. Meaning a mixture, medley, or assortment, a wikt:miscellany, miscellany can include pieces on many subjects and in a variety of different Literary genre, forms. In c ...

, Bibliothèque royale Albert 1er, Bibl. Roy 10074. (Miscellany) *Moscow,

, Two ''Miscellenies'' of

Svyatoslav II Sviatoslav II Iaroslavich or Sviatoslav II Yaroslavich ( orv, Ст҃ославь Ӕрославичь; Russian and Ukrainian: Святослав Ярославич; 1027 – 27 December 1076) was Grand Prince of Kiev between 1073 and 1076. ...

(1073, 1076). *

(

Caedmon manuscript The Junius manuscript is one of the four major codices of Old English literature. Written in the 10th century, it contains poetry dealing with Biblical subjects in Old English, the vernacular language of Anglo-Saxon England. Modern editors have ...

)

Pope Gregory I Pope Gregory I ( la, Gregorius I; – 12 March 604), commonly known as Saint Gregory the Great, was the bishop of Rome from 3 September 590 to his death. He is known for instigating the first recorded large-scale mission from Rome, the Gregori ...

, Msc.Bibl.84 (Gregory, Moralia in Job)

St. Augustine

*Durham Cathedral Library, MS B II 13 (Augustine. Commentary on the Psalter) *London, British Library, Royal MS 5 B II (Augustine, Miscellaneous Works)

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...
s

*London, British Library, Add MS 28107 (

Stavelot Bible The Stavelot Bible is a Romanesque illuminated manuscript Bible in two volumes datable to 1093-1097. It was produced for, but not necessarily in, the Benedictine monastery of Stavelot, in the Principality of Stavelot-Malmedy of modern Belgium, a ...

) *Biblioteca Vaticana, Ms Lat 5729 (Ripoll Bible, also known as Farfa Bible) *Paris,

, Ms Lat 6 (Rodes Bible, also known as Noailles Bible)

St. Jerome Jerome (; la, Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus; grc-gre, Εὐσέβιος Σωφρόνιος Ἱερώνυμος; – 30 September 420), also known as Jerome of Stridon, was a Christian priest, confessor, theologian, and historian; he is comm ...

*The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, 10 A 3 (Jerome, Letters)

Smaragdus of Saint-Mihiel Smaragdus of Saint-Mihiel< OSB ( 770 – c. 840) was a
Benedictine
monk of Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, 10 D 13 (Smaragdus, Diadema monachorum)

St. Ildefonsus
*
Florence Florence ( ; it, Firenze ) is a city in Central Italy and the capital city of the Tuscany region. It is the most populated city in Tuscany, with 383,083 inhabitants in 2016, and over 1,520,000 in its metropolitan area.Bilancio demografico an ...
, Biblioteca Mediceo Lauenziana, MS Ashb. 17 (Ildefonsus, On the Virginty of Mary)

Prayer book A prayer book is a book containing prayers and perhaps devotional readings, for private or communal use, or in some cases, outlining the liturgy of religious services. Books containing mainly orders of religious services, or readings for them are ...
s
*
Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela is the capital of the autonomous community of Galicia, in northwestern Spain. The city has its origin in the shrine of Saint James the Great, now the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, as the destination of the Way of St ...
, Biblioteca de la Universidad, Res. 1 (Prayer Book of Fernando and Sancha)

Oppian Oppian ( grc, Ὀππιανός, ; la, Oppianus), also known as Oppian of Anazarbus, of Corycus, or of Cilicia, was a 2nd-century Greco-Roman poet during the reign of the emperors Marcus Aurelius and Commodus, who composed the ''Halieutica'', a fi ...
Venice, Biblioteca Marciana, Gr. Z. 479 (Oppian, Cynegetica)

Hagiography A hagiography (; ) is a biography of a saint or an ecclesiastical leader, as well as, by extension, an adulatory and idealized biography of a founder, saint, monk, nun or icon in any of the world's religions. Early Christian hagiographies migh ...
Florence, Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale, MS II. I. 412 (Passionary)

12th century

Bestiaries A bestiary (from ''bestiarum vocabulum'') is a compendium of beasts. Originating in the ancient world, bestiaries were made popular in the Middle Ages in illustrated volumes that described various animals and even rocks. The natural history a ...
and
Aviaries An aviary is a large enclosure for confining birds, although bats may also be considered for display. Unlike birdcages, aviaries allow birds a larger living space where they can fly; hence, aviaries are also sometimes known as flight cages. Avi ...
*
Aberdeen Aberdeen (; sco, Aiberdeen ; gd, Obar Dheathain ; la, Aberdonia) is a city in North East Scotland, and is the third most populous city in the country. Aberdeen is one of Scotland's 32 local government council areas (as Aberdeen City), and ...
, Aberdeen University Library, MS 24 (
Aberdeen Bestiary The ''Aberdeen Bestiary'' (Aberdeen University Library, Univ Lib. MS 24) is a 12th-century English illuminated manuscript bestiary that was first listed in 1542 in the inventory of the Old Royal Library at the Palace of Westminster. Due to simi ...
) *
Bruges Bruges ( , nl, Brugge ) is the capital and largest City status in Belgium, city of the Provinces of Belgium, province of West Flanders in the Flemish Region of Belgium, in the northwest of the country, and the sixth-largest city of the countr ...
, Grootseminarie Brugge, MS. 89/54 (Ter Duinen Aviary) *
Cambridge Cambridge ( ) is a university city and the county town in Cambridgeshire, England. It is located on the River Cam approximately north of London. As of the 2021 United Kingdom census, the population of Cambridge was 145,700. Cambridge bec ...
, Corpus Christi College, MS 22 (Bestiary) London,
British Library The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom and is one of the largest libraries in the world. It is estimated to contain between 170 and 200 million items from many countries. As a legal deposit library, the British ...
, Add MS 11283 (Bestiary) London, British Library, Harley MS 4751 (Bestiary) New York,
Morgan Library & Museum The Morgan Library & Museum, formerly the Pierpont Morgan Library, is a museum and research library in the Murray Hill neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. It is situated at 225 Madison Avenue, between 36th Street to the south and 37th S ...
, MS M. 81 (
Worksop Bestiary The Worksop Bestiary, also known as the Morgan Bestiary (MS 81), most likely from Lincoln or York, England, is an illuminated manuscript created around 1185, containing a bestiary and other compiled medieval Latin texts on natural history. The ma ...
)

Psalter A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters we ...
s
Chantilly, Musée Condé, MS 9 (
Ingeborg Psalter The Ingeborg Psalter is a late 12th century illuminated psalter now housed in the Musée Condé of Chantilly, France. It was created about 1195 in northern France for Ingeborg of Denmark, wife of King Philip II of France. It is unknown who com ...
) Cambridge, (now kept at University Library), Trinity College, MS R.17.1 (
Eadwine Psalter The Eadwine Psalter or Eadwin Psalter is a heavily illuminated 12th-century psalter named after the scribe Eadwine, a monk of Christ Church, Canterbury (now Canterbury Cathedral), who was perhaps the "project manager" for the large and exceptio ...
)
Copenhagen Copenhagen ( or .; da, København ) is the capital and most populous city of Denmark, with a proper population of around 815.000 in the last quarter of 2022; and some 1.370,000 in the urban area; and the wider Copenhagen metropolitan ar ...
,
National Library of Denmark The Royal Library ( da, Det Kongelige Bibliotek) in Copenhagen is the national library of Denmark and the university library of the University of Copenhagen. It is among the largest libraries in the world and the largest in the Nordic countri ...
, MS. Thott 143 2º ( Copenhagen Psalter) Glasgow,
Glasgow University Library Glasgow University Library in Scotland is one of the oldest and largest university libraries in Europe. At the turn of the 21st century, the main library building itself held 1,347,000 catalogued print books, and 53,300 journals. In total, the ...
, Sp Coll MS Hunter U.3.2 (229)(
Hunterian Psalter The Hunterian Psalter (or York Psalter) is an illuminated manuscript of the 12th century. It was produced in England some time around 1170, and is considered a striking example of Romanesque book art. The work is part of the collection of the ...
)
The Hague The Hague ( ; nl, Den Haag or ) is a city and municipality of the Netherlands, situated on the west coast facing the North Sea. The Hague is the country's administrative centre and its seat of government, and while the official capital of ...
, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 76 E 11 (Psalter) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 76 F 13 (Fécamp Psalter) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, 10 B 15 (Psalter) * Hildesheim, Dombibliothek, Sankt Godehard Hs 1 (
St. Albans Psalter The St Albans Psalter, also known as the Albani Psalter or the Psalter of Christina of Markyate, is an English illuminated manuscript, one of several psalters known to have been created at or for St Albans Abbey in the 12th century.Rodney M. Th ...
/ Albani Psalter / Psalter of Christina of Markyate) *
Leiden Leiden (; in English and archaic Dutch also Leyden) is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. The municipality of Leiden has a population of 119,713, but the city forms one densely connected agglomeration wit ...
, Universiteitsbibliotheek, BPL 76 A (Psalter) London, British Library, MS
Cotton Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus ''Gossypium'' in the mallow family Malvaceae. The fiber is almost pure cellulose, and can contain minor perce ...

Nero Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ( ; born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus; 15 December AD 37 – 9 June AD 68), was the fifth Roman emperor and final emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, reigning from AD 54 un ...
C. IV. (
Winchester Psalter The Winchester Psalter is an English 12th-century illuminated manuscript psalter (British Library, Cotton MS Nero C.iv), also sometimes known as the ''Psalter of Henry of Blois'', and formerly known as the ''St Swithun's Psalter''. It was prob ...
) London, British Library, MS Egerton 1139 (
Melisende Psalter The Melisende Psalter (London, British Library, Egerton MS 1139) is an illuminated manuscript commissioned around 1135 in the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem, probably by Fulk, King of Jerusalem for his wife Queen Melisende. It is a notable exampl ...
) London, British Library, Lansdowne MS 383 (Shaftesbury Psalter) London, British Library, Royal MS 2. A. XXII. (
Westminster Psalter The Westminster Psalter, British Library, MS Royal 2 A XXII, is an English illuminated psalter of about 1200, with some extra sheets with tinted drawings added around 1250. It is the oldest surviving psalter used at Westminster Abbey, and is p ...
) London, British Library, Yates Thompson MS 40 (Camaldoli Psalter) Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Auct. D 4 VI (Psalter) *
Oxford Oxford () is a city in England. It is the county town and only city of Oxfordshire. In 2020, its population was estimated at 151,584. It is north-west of London, south-east of Birmingham and north-east of Bristol. The city is home to the ...
,
Bodleian Library The Bodleian Library () is the main research library of the University of Oxford, and is one of the oldest libraries in Europe. It derives its name from its founder, Sir Thomas Bodley. With over 13 million printed items, it is the second- ...
, MS Gough lit. 2 (Gough Psalter)

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...
s
Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 4 (Dover Bible) Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 2 ( Bury St. Edmunds Bible) *
Durham Durham most commonly refers to: Durham, England, a cathedral city and the county town of County Durham County Durham, an English county Durham County, North Carolina, a county in North Carolina, United States Durham, North Carolina, a city in No ...
, Cathedral Library, MS A. II. 1 (Bible of Hugh de Puiset) London, British Library, Add MS 14788, 14789, 14790. ( Parc Abbey Bible) London, British Library, Add MS 17738 (Floreffe Bible) London, British Library, Harley MS 2799 (Arnstein Bible) London, British Library, Harley MS 2803 (Worms Bible) London, Lambeth Palace, MS3 (
Lambeth Bible The Lambeth Bible is a 12th-century illuminated manuscript (perhaps produced circa 1150–1170), among the finest surviving giant Bibles from Romanesque England. It exists in two volumes; the first is in Lambeth Palace Library (MS 3) and cov ...
)
Winchester Winchester is a City status in the United Kingdom, cathedral city in Hampshire, England. The city lies at the heart of the wider City of Winchester, a local government Districts of England, district, at the western end of the South Downs Nation ...
, Cathedral Library, MS 17 (
Winchester Bible The Winchester Bible is a Romanesque illuminated manuscript produced in Winchester between 1150 and 1175 for Winchester Cathedral. With folios measuring 583 x 396 mm., it is the largest surviving 12th-century English Bible. The bible belongs ...
)

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...
s
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 76 E 17 (Gospels) Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, Acq. E Doni 91 (Gospel Book) London, British Library, Add MS 4949 ( Greek Gospel Book) London, British Library, Harley MS 1802 (
Gospels of Mael Brigte Gospel originally meant the Christian message ("the gospel"), but in the 2nd century it came to be used also for the books in which the message was set out. In this sense a gospel can be defined as a loose-knit, episodic narrative of the words an ...
) Oxford, Corpus Christi College, MS 122. (Corpus Irish Gospel) Wolfenbüttel, Herzog August Bibliothek, Cod. Guelff. 105 Noviss 2 and Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Clm 30055 (
Gospels of Henry the Lion The Gospels of Henry the Lion were intended by Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony, for the altar of the Virgin Mary in the church of St. Blaise's Abbey, Brunswick, better known as Brunswick Cathedral. The volume is considered a masterpiece of Roma ...
)

Octateuchs
*
Istanbul Istanbul ( , ; tr, İstanbul ), formerly known as Constantinople ( grc-gre, Κωνσταντινούπολις; la, Constantinopolis), is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, serving as the country's economic, ...
, Topkapı Palace Library, Cod. gr. 8 ("
Seraglio Octateuch The Topkapı or Seraglio Octateuch (''Topkapi Graecus'' 8) is a 12th-century Byzantine illuminated manuscript of the Octateuch. It is named after its location in the library of the Topkapı Palace in Istanbul, the former residence ("seraglio") of t ...
")

Liturgical manuscripts
Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, Conv. Soppr. 292 (Sacramentary) London, British Library, Harley MS 2800, 2801 and 2802 (Arnstein Passional) London, British Library, Harley MS 2889 (Siegburg Lectionary) London, British Library, Harley MS 2897 (Breviary of John the Fearless) London, British Library, Yates Thompson MS 2 (Ottobeuren Collectar)
Lund Lund (, , ) is a city in the southern Swedish provinces of Sweden, province of Scania, across the Øresund, Öresund strait from Copenhagen. The town had 91,940 inhabitants out of a municipal total of 121,510 . It is the seat of Lund Municipali ...
,
Lund University , motto = Ad utrumque , mottoeng = Prepared for both , established = , type = Public research university , budget = SEK 9 billion Necrologium Lundense)'' *
Lund Lund (, , ) is a city in the southern Swedish provinces of Sweden, province of Scania, across the Øresund, Öresund strait from Copenhagen. The town had 91,940 inhabitants out of a municipal total of 121,510 . It is the seat of Lund Municipali ...
,
Lund University , motto = Ad utrumque , mottoeng = Prepared for both , established = , type = Public research university , budget = SEK 9 billion Liber daticus vetustior)'' Oxford, Corpus Christi College, MS 282. (Corpus Irish Missal)
Skara Skara is a Urban areas in Sweden, locality and the seat of Skara Municipality, Västra Götaland County, Sweden with 18,580 inhabitants in 2013. Despite its small size, it is one of the oldest cities in Sweden, and has a long educational and ecc ...
, Stifts- och landsbiblioteket i Skara, Skara Missal *
Woolhampton Woolhampton is a village and civil parish in West Berkshire, England. The village straddles the Bath road between the towns of Reading, to the east, and Newbury, to the west. Geography The village homes are clustered on the northern side of ...
,
Douai Abbey Douai Abbey is a Benedictine Abbey at Upper Woolhampton, near Thatcham, in the English county of Berkshire, situated within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Portsmouth. Monks from the monastery of St. Edmund's, in Douai, France, came to Woolhampton ...
, MS II (Liturgical fragment)

Miscellanies A miscellany is a collection of various pieces of writing by different authors. Meaning a mixture, medley, or assortment, a wikt:miscellany, miscellany can include pieces on many subjects and in a variety of different Literary genre, forms. In c ...
*
Brussels Brussels (french: Bruxelles or ; nl, Brussel ), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) (french: link=no, Région de Bruxelles-Capitale; nl, link=no, Bruss ...
, Bibliothèque royale Albert 1er, Bibl. Roy. 18421-29 (Miscellany) Brussels, Bibliothèque royale Albert 1er, MS. II, 1076 (Miscellany) London, British Library, Royal MS 5 B VIII (Miscellany) * Basra, Abbasid Caliphate, Maqamat al-Hariri'' (''The Assemblies of al-Hariri'')

Aratus of Soli Aratus (; grc-gre, Ἄρατος ὁ Σολεύς; c. 315 BC/310 BC240) was a Greek didactic poet. His major extant work is his hexameter poem ''Phenomena'' ( grc-gre, Φαινόμενα, ''Phainómena'', "Appearances"; la, Phaenomena), the fi ...
*
Aberystwyth Aberystwyth () is a university and seaside town as well as a community in Ceredigion, Wales. Located in the historic county of Cardiganshire, means "the mouth of the Ystwyth". Aberystwyth University has been a major educational location in ...
,
National Library of Wales The National Library of Wales ( cy, Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru), Aberystwyth, is the national legal deposit library of Wales and is one of the Welsh Government sponsored bodies. It is the biggest library in Wales, holding over 6.5 million boo ...
, MS 735C (Aratus of Soli, Phaenomena)

Peter Lombard Peter Lombard (also Peter the Lombard, Pierre Lombard or Petrus Lombardus; 1096, Novara – 21/22 July 1160, Paris), was a scholastic theologian, Bishop of Paris, and author of '' Four Books of Sentences'' which became the standard textbook of ...
*
Baltimore Baltimore ( , locally: or ) is the List of municipalities in Maryland, most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland, fourth most populous city in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, and List of United States cities by popula ...
,
Walters Art Museum The Walters Art Museum, located in Mount Vernon-Belvedere, Baltimore, Maryland, United States, is a public art museum founded and opened in 1934. It holds collections established during the mid-19th century. The museum's collection was amassed ...
, MS W. 809 (Peter Lombard, Sentences)

Zacharias Chrysopolitanus
*
Camarillo, California Camarillo ( ) is a city in Ventura County in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 70,741, an increase of 5,540 from the 65,201 counted in the 2010 Census. Camarillo is named for brothers Juan an ...
,
Doheny Library The Edward L. Doheny Jr. Memorial Library is a library located in the center of campus at the University of Southern California (USC). History After the shooting of his son, the Irish American oil tycoon Edward L. Doheny donated $1.1 milli ...
, MS 7 (Zacharias Chrysopolitanus, Unum ex Quatuor)

Jerome Jerome (; la, Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus; grc-gre, Εὐσέβιος Σωφρόνιος Ἱερώνυμος; – 30 September 420), also known as Jerome of Stridon, was a Christian presbyter, priest, Confessor of the Faith, confessor, th ...
Cambridge,
Trinity College Trinity College may refer to: Australia Trinity Anglican College, an Anglican coeducational primary and secondary school in , New South Wales * Trinity Catholic College, Auburn, a coeducational school in the inner-western suburbs of Sydney, New ...
, MS O. 4. 7. (Jerome, Commentaries on Old Testament)

Augustine Augustine of Hippo ( , ; la, Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis; 13 November 354 – 28 August 430), also known as Saint Augustine, was a theologian and philosopher of Berbers, Berber origin and the bishop of Hippo Regius in Numidia (Roman pr ...
*
Chicago (''City in a Garden''); I Will , image_map = , map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago , coordinates = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name ...
,
Newberry Library The Newberry Library is an independent research library, specializing in the humanities and located on Washington Square in Chicago, Illinois. It has been free and open to the public since 1887. Its collections encompass a variety of topics rela ...
, MS Ry. 24 (Augustine, works) *
Lincoln Lincoln most commonly refers to: * Abraham Lincoln (1809–1865), the sixteenth president of the United States * Lincoln, England, cathedral city and county town of Lincolnshire, England * Lincoln, Nebraska, the capital of Nebraska, U.S. * Lincoln ...
,
Cathedral A cathedral is a church that contains the '' cathedra'' () of a bishop, thus serving as the central church of a diocese, conference, or episcopate. Churches with the function of "cathedral" are usually specific to those Christian denomination ...
, MS A I. 18 (Augustine, On the Psalms) Lincoln, Cathedral, MS A. 3. 17 (Augustine, Semons) London, British Library, Royal MS 5 D VII (Augustine, City of God)

Historical works
*
Dublin Dublin (; , or ) is the capital and largest city of Republic of Ireland, Ireland. On a bay at the mouth of the River Liffey, it is in the Provinces of Ireland, province of Leinster, bordered on the south by the Dublin Mountains, a part of th ...
,
Royal Irish Academy The Royal Irish Academy (RIA; ga, Acadamh Ríoga na hÉireann), based in Dublin, is an academic body that promotes study in the sciences, humanities and social sciences. It is Ireland's premier List of Irish learned societies, learned socie ...
(
Lebor na hUidre The manuscript known as Lebor na hUidre (English translation: Book of the Dun Cow) is the oldest extant written in Gaelic (Irish), and the texts included therein recount Irish history through an eschatological lens. The Christian authors who c ...
, (Book of the Dun Cow))

Berengaudus
Durham, Cathedral Library, MS A. I. 10 (
Berengaudus Berengaudus (840–892) was a Benedictine monk, supposed author of ''Expositio super septem visiones libri Apocalypsis'', a Latin commentary on the ''Book of Revelation''. He has traditionally been assumed to be a monk of Ferrières Abbey, at the t ...
, On the Apocalypse)

Other Biblical texts
Durham, Cathedral Library, MS A. III. 17 (Isaiah glossed) *
San Marino San Marino (, ), officially the Republic of San Marino ( it, Repubblica di San Marino; ), also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino ( it, Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino, links=no), is the fifth-smallest country in the world an ...
, California,
Huntington Library The Huntington Library, Art Museum and Botanical Gardens, known as The Huntington, is a collections-based educational and research institution established by Henry E. Huntington (1850–1927) and Arabella Huntington (c.1851–1924) in San Mar ...
, HM 56 (Pauline Epistles, glossed)

Pope Gregory I Pope Gregory I ( la, Gregorius I; – 12 March 604), commonly known as Saint Gregory the Great, was the bishop of Rome from 3 September 590 to his death. He is known for instigating the first recorded large-scale mission from Rome, the Gregori ...
*
Eton Eton most commonly refers to Eton College, a public school in Eton, Berkshire, England. Eton may also refer to: Places Eton, Berkshire, a town in Berkshire, England Eton, Georgia, a town in the United States * Éton, a commune in the Meuse dep ...
, Eton College Library, MS 226 (Gregory, Moralia on Job)

Simon Metaphrastes
London, British Library, Add MS 11870 (Simeon Metaphrastes, ''Lives of Saints'')

Bede Bede ( ; ang, Bǣda , ; 672/326 May 735), also known as Saint Bede, The Venerable Bede, and Bede the Venerable ( la, Beda Venerabilis), was an English monk at the monastery of St Peter and its companion monastery of St Paul in the Kingdom o ...
London, British Library, Yates Thompson MS 26. (Bede, Life of St. Cuthbert) (Yates Thompson Bede)

New Testament The New Testament grc, Ἡ Καινὴ Διαθήκη, transl. ; la, Novum Testamentum. (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon. It discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christ ...
Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS. Auct. T. inf. 1. 10 (
Codex Ebnerianus Codex Ebnerianus, ''Minuscule 105'' (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), δ 257 ( Soden), is a Greek language illuminated manuscript of the New Testament, though missing the Book of Revelation. Formerly it was labeled by 105e, 48a, and 24p. D ...
)

Heliand The ''Heliand'' () is an epic poem in Old Saxon, written in the first half of the 9th century. The title means ''saviour'' in Old Saxon (cf. German and Dutch ''Heiland'' meaning "saviour"), and the poem is a Biblical paraphrase that recounts the ...
London, British Library, MS
Cotton Caligula This is an incomplete list of some of the manuscripts from the Cotton library that today form the Cotton collection of the British Library. Some manuscripts were destroyed or damaged in a fire at Ashburnham House in 1731, and a few are kept in othe ...
, A. VII. (Heliand Manuscript)

Cartularies A cartulary or chartulary (; Latin: ''cartularium'' or ''chartularium''), also called ''pancarta'' or ''codex diplomaticus'', is a medieval manuscript volume or roll (''rotulus'') containing transcriptions of original documents relating to the fo ...
London, British Library, Add MS 15350 (Cartulary of the Priory of St. Swithin, Winchester)

Hagiography A hagiography (; ) is a biography of a saint or an ecclesiastical leader, as well as, by extension, an adulatory and idealized biography of a founder, saint, monk, nun or icon in any of the world's religions. Early Christian hagiographies migh ...

Ljubljana Ljubljana (also known by other historical names) is the capital and largest city of Slovenia. It is the country's cultural, educational, economic, political and administrative center. During antiquity, a Roman city called Emona stood in the ar ...
,
Slovenia Slovenia ( ; sl, Slovenija ), officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: , abbr.: ''RS''), is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the west, Austria to the north, Hungary to the northeast, Croatia to the southeast, an ...
, Narodna in univerzitetna knjiznica v Ljubljani (Collectarium (William of St-Thierry, Life of St Bernard; Lives and Martyrdoms of Saints))

Origen Origen of Alexandria, ''Ōrigénēs''; Origen's Greek name ''Ōrigénēs'' () probably means "child of Horus" (from , "Horus", and , "born"). ( 185 – 253), also known as Origen Adamantius, was an Early Christianity, early Christian scholar, ...
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 76 F 8 (Origen, Expositio super cantica canticorum)

James of Kokkinobaphos
Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, MS gr. 1208 (James of Kokkinobaphos, Homilies on the Virgin) *
Vatican City Vatican City (), officially the Vatican City State ( it, Stato della Città del Vaticano; la, Status Civitatis Vaticanae),—' * german: Vatikanstadt, cf. '—' (in Austria: ') * pl, Miasto Watykańskie, cf. '—' * pt, Cidade do Vati ...
,
Biblioteca Apostolica The Vatican Apostolic Library ( la, Bibliotheca Apostolica Vaticana, it, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana), more commonly known as the Vatican Library or informally as the Vat, is the library of the Holy See, located in Vatican City. Formally es ...
, MS vat. gr. 1162 (James of Kokkinobaphos, Homilies on the Virgin)

Beatus manuscripts
Berlin, Staatsbibliothek Preußischer Kulturbesitz, MS Theol. lat. Fol. 561 (Berlin Beatus) León, Archivo Histórico Provincial, Perg., Astorga 1 (León Beatus Fragment) *
Lisbon Lisbon (; pt, Lisboa ) is the capital and largest city of Portugal, with an estimated population of 544,851 within its administrative limits in an area of 100.05 km2. Grande Lisboa, Lisbon's urban area extends beyond the city's administr ...
,
Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo The National Archive of Torre do Tombo ( pt, Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo, ) is the Portuguese national archive located in the civil parish of Alvalade, in the municipality of central-northern Lisbon. Established in 1378, it was renamed the ...
( Lorvão Beatus) London, British Library, Add MS 11695 (Silos Beatus (Silos Apocalypse))
Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and ...
, Museo Arqueológica Nacional, MS 2 (Cardeña Beatus) *
Manchester Manchester () is a city in Greater Manchester, England. It had a population of 552,000 in 2021. It is bordered by the Cheshire Plain to the south, the Pennines to the north and east, and the neighbouring city of Salford to the west. The t ...
, John Rylands University Library, MS lat. 8 (Rylands Beatus) Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, nouv. acq. lat. 1366 (Beatus of Navarre) Rome, Biblioteca del'Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei e Corsiniana, Segn 40. E. 6 (Corsini Beatus) *
Turin Turin ( , Piedmontese language, Piedmontese: ; it, Torino ) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in Northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital ...
, Biblioteca Nazionale Universitaria, Sgn I. II. 1 (Turin Beatus)

Book of Antidotes
Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, MS Arabe 2964 (Book of Antidotes)

Secular works
Munich, Archives of the Bavarian State, BayHStA KL Weyarn 1 (
Codex Falkensteinensis The Codex Falkensteinensis (also referred to as Codex diplomaticus Falkensteinensis or Liber traditionum comitatus Neuenburg-Falkenstein) is an important medieval manuscript. It was written in 1166 as a feud directory and urbarium by Canon regula ...
)

13th century

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...
s
*
Baltimore Baltimore ( , locally: or ) is the List of municipalities in Maryland, most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland, fourth most populous city in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, and List of United States cities by popula ...
,
Walters Art Museum The Walters Art Museum, located in Mount Vernon-Belvedere, Baltimore, Maryland, United States, is a public art museum founded and opened in 1934. It holds collections established during the mid-19th century. The museum's collection was amassed ...
, MS W.152 (
Conradin Bible The Conradin Bible is an illuminated manuscript likely produced in central or southern Italy around 1265. It is usually associated with its namesake, Conradin, king of Sicily (1254–68). It was originally a large codex illustrated with 57 miniatu ...
) Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, Ms. Hébr. 7 (Hebrew Bible)
The Hague The Hague ( ; nl, Den Haag or ) is a city and municipality of the Netherlands, situated on the west coast facing the North Sea. The Hague is the country's administrative centre and its seat of government, and while the official capital of ...
, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 76 E 22 (Bible) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 76 F 23 (Bible) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 76 G 2 (Bible) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 76 J 2 (Bible) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 132 F 21 (Bible) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 133 D 25 (Bible) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, 10 E 32 (Bible) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, 10 E 33 (Bible) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, 10 E 34 (Bible) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, 10 E 35 (Bible) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, 10 E 36 (Bible) *
Jerusalem Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...
,
Jewish National and University Library The National Library of Israel (NLI; he, הספרייה הלאומית, translit=HaSifria HaLeumit; ar, المكتبة الوطنية في إسرائيل), formerly Jewish National and University Library (JNUL; he, בית הספרים הלא� ...
, Ms. Heb. 4°790 (Hebrew Bible) London,
British Library The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom and is one of the largest libraries in the world. It is estimated to contain between 170 and 200 million items from many countries. As a legal deposit library, the British ...
, Royal MS 1. D. I. (Bible of William of Devon) London, British Library, Yates Thompson MS 1 ( Fécamp Bible) London, British Library, Yates Thompson MS 22 (Brantwood Bible)
New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States New York may also refer to: Film and television * '' ...
,
Morgan Library & Museum The Morgan Library & Museum, formerly the Pierpont Morgan Library, is a museum and research library in the Murray Hill neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. It is situated at 225 Madison Avenue, between 36th Street to the south and 37th S ...
, Ms 638 (
Morgan Bible The Morgan Bible (mostly Morgan Library & Museum, New York, Ms M. 638), also called the Morgan Picture Bible, Crusader Bible, Shah Abbas Bible or Maciejowski Bible, is a unique medieval illuminated manuscript. It is a picture book Bible consisting ...
) *
Stockholm Stockholm () is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in Sweden by population, largest city of Sweden as well as the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, largest urban area in Scandinavia. Approximately 980,000 people liv ...
, Sweden,
Swedish Royal Library The National Library of Sweden ( sv, Kungliga biblioteket, ''KB'', meaning "the Royal Library") is Sweden's national library. It collects and preserves all domestic printed and audio-visual materials in Swedish, as well as content with Swedish a ...
(
Codex Gigas The ''Codex Gigas'' ("Giant Book"; cs, Obří kniha) is the largest extant medieval illuminated manuscript in the world, at a length of . Very large illuminated bibles were a typical feature of Romanesque monastic book production, but even wi ...
(Devil's Bible))

Bible Moralisée The , also known as the "Bible Historiée", the "Bible Allégorisée" and sometimes "Emblémes Bibliques", is a later name for the most important examples of the medieval picture bibles, called in general "biblia pauperum", to have survived. The ...
*
Oxford Oxford () is a city in England. It is the county town and only city of Oxfordshire. In 2020, its population was estimated at 151,584. It is north-west of London, south-east of Birmingham and north-east of Bristol. The city is home to the ...
,
Bodleian Library The Bodleian Library () is the main research library of the University of Oxford, and is one of the oldest libraries in Europe. It derives its name from its founder, Sir Thomas Bodley. With over 13 million printed items, it is the second- ...
, MS Bodley 270b; Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, lat. 11560; London, British Library, Harley MS 1526 and 1527 (Oxford-Paris-London Bible Moralisée) Vienna, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, Cod. Vind. 2554 (Bible Moralisée)
Cathedral of Toledo , native_name_lang = , image = Toledo Cathedral, from Plaza del Ayuntamiento.jpg , imagesize = 300px , imagelink = , imagealt = , landscape = , caption ...
treasury ( St. Louis Bible)

Picture Bibles
* The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 76 F 5 (Picture Bible) * Vienna,
Austrian National Library The Austrian National Library (german: Österreichische Nationalbibliothek) is the largest library in Austria, with more than 12 million items in its various collections. The library is located in the Neue Burg Wing of the Hofburg in center of V ...
, Cod. 2759–64 (
Wenceslas Bible The Wenceslas Bible (german: Wenzelsbibel) or the Bible of Wenceslaus IV ( cs, Bible Václava IV.) is a multi-volume Illuminated manuscript, illuminated biblical manuscript written in the German language. The manuscript was commissioned by the Kin ...
)

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...
s
*
Yerevan Yerevan ( , , hy, Երևան , sometimes spelled Erevan) is the capital and largest city of Armenia and one of the world's List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest continuously inhabited cities. Situated along the Hrazdan River, Y ...
,
Matenadaran The Matenadaran ( hy, Մատենադարան), officially the Mesrop Mashtots Institute of Ancient Manuscripts, is a museum, repository of manuscripts, and a research institute in Yerevan, Armenia. It is the world's largest repository of Armenian ...
, MS 7648 (Gospel Book) *
Yerevan Yerevan ( , , hy, Երևան , sometimes spelled Erevan) is the capital and largest city of Armenia and one of the world's List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest continuously inhabited cities. Situated along the Hrazdan River, Y ...
,
Matenadaran The Matenadaran ( hy, Մատենադարան), officially the Mesrop Mashtots Institute of Ancient Manuscripts, is a museum, repository of manuscripts, and a research institute in Yerevan, Armenia. It is the world's largest repository of Armenian ...
, MS 1211 (Haghbat Gospel) *
Yerevan Yerevan ( , , hy, Երևան , sometimes spelled Erevan) is the capital and largest city of Armenia and one of the world's List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest continuously inhabited cities. Situated along the Hrazdan River, Y ...
,
Matenadaran The Matenadaran ( hy, Մատենադարան), officially the Mesrop Mashtots Institute of Ancient Manuscripts, is a museum, repository of manuscripts, and a research institute in Yerevan, Armenia. It is the world's largest repository of Armenian ...
, MS 2743 (Targmanchats Gospel)

Apocalypse manuscripts
*
Cambridge Cambridge ( ) is a university city and the county town in Cambridgeshire, England. It is located on the River Cam approximately north of London. As of the 2021 United Kingdom census, the population of Cambridge was 145,700. Cambridge bec ...
,
Trinity College Trinity College may refer to: Australia * Trinity Anglican College, an Anglican coeducational primary and secondary school in , New South Wales * Trinity Catholic College, Auburn, a coeducational school in the inner-western suburbs of Sydney, New ...
, MS R. 16. 2 (Trinity Apocalypse) London, British Library, Add MS 35166 (Apocalypse) London, British Library, Add MS 38842 (Apocalypse fragment) London, British Library, Add MS 42555 (Abingdon Apocalypse) London, British Library, Royal MS 2. D. XIII (Apocalypse) London,
Lambeth Palace Lambeth Palace is the official London residence of the Archbishop of Canterbury. It is situated in north Lambeth, London, on the south bank of the River Thames, south-east of the Palace of Westminster, which houses Parliament, on the opposite ...
, MS 209 (Lambeth Apocalypse) Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Douce 180 (Douce Apocalypse) Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, MS fr. 403 (Paris Apocalypse)

Beatus manuscripts

Ciudad de México Mexico City ( es, link=no, Ciudad de México, ; abbr.: CDMX; Nahuatl: ''Altepetl Mexico'') is the capital city, capital and primate city, largest city of Mexico, and the List of North American cities by population, most populous city in North Amer ...
, Archivo General de la Nación, Illustración 4852(Rioseco Beatus Fragment) *
New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States New York may also refer to: Film and television * '' ...
,
Morgan Library & Museum The Morgan Library & Museum, formerly the Pierpont Morgan Library, is a museum and research library in the Murray Hill neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. It is situated at 225 Madison Avenue, between 36th Street to the south and 37th S ...
, M. 429 (Las Huelgas Beatus) Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, nouv. acq. lat. 2290 (Arroyo Beatus)

Psalter A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters we ...
s
Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, Med. Pal. 13 (Psalter) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 130 E 13 (Psalter) London, British Library, Add MS 21114 (Psalter of Lambert de Bègue) London, British Library, Add MS 21926 (Grandisson Psalter) London, British Library, Add MS 24686 (Alphonso Psalter (Tenison Psalter)) London, British Library, Add MS 28681 (Psalter Map Manuscript) London, British Library, Add MS 36929 (Psalter) London, British Library, Add MS 38116 (Huth Psalter) London, British Library, Add MS 50000 (Oscott Psalter) London, British Library, Add MS 62925 (Rutland Psalter) London, British Library, Egerton MS 2652 (Scandinavian Psalter) London, British Library, Sloane MS 2400 (
Felbrigge Psalter The Felbrigge Psalter is an illuminated manuscript Psalter from mid-13th century England that has an embroidered bookbinding which probably dates to the early 14th century. It is the oldest surviving book from England to have an embroidered b ...
) London, Society of Antiquaries, MS 59 (Psalter of Robert de Lindesey) New York, Morgan Library & Museum, MS 302 and
Carinthia Carinthia (german: Kärnten ; sl, Koroška ) is the southernmost States of Austria, Austrian state, in the Eastern Alps, and is noted for its mountains and lakes. The main language is German language, German. Its regional dialects belong to t ...
, St. Paul in Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek, MS XXV/2 (
Ramsey Psalter The Psalter of Oswald also called the Ramsey Psalter (British Library, Harley MS 2904) is an Anglo-Saxon illuminated psalter of the last quarter of the tenth century. Its script and decoration suggest that it was made at Winchester, but certain ...
) Moscow, Historical Museum, A. I. Chludov Collection, No. 3 (Simon Psalter) Paris, Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal, MS lat. 1186 (Psalter of Blanche of Castille) Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, MS. fr. 8846 (
Great Canterbury Psalter The Great Canterbury Psalter (also called the Anglo-Catalan Psalter or Paris Psalter) is an early 13th- and mid 14th-century illuminated manuscript with the shelfmark MS lat. 8846 in the Bibliothèque nationale de France in Paris. It was made in ...
, Anglo-Catalan Psalter or Paris Psalter - also part 14th-century) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale, MS lat. 10525 (
Psalter of St. Louis Two lavishly illustrated illuminated manuscript psalters are known as the Psalter of Saint Louis (and variants) as they belonged to the canonized King Louis IX of France. They are now in Paris and Leiden, and are respectively good examples of F ...
)

Psalter and Hours
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 76 G 17 (Psalter and Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 135 G 18 (Psalter and Hours) New York, Morgan Library & Museum, MS 729 (The Psalter and Hours of Yolande of Soissons)

Books of Hours The book of hours is a Christian devotional book used to pray the canonical hours. The use of a book of hours was especially popular in the Middle Ages and as a result, they are the most common type of surviving medieval illuminated manuscrip ...
Baltimore, Walters Art Museum, W.102, (Walters Book of Hours) London, British Library, Add MS 48985 (Salvin Hours) London, British Library, Add MS 49999 (De Brailes Hours (Dyson Perrins Hours)) London, British Library, Harley MS 928 (Harley Hours) Syracuse University Library, Special Collections Research Center, MS 5 (Book of Hours)

Liturgical manuscripts
Baltimore, Walters Art Museum MS 759 (Beaupré Antiphonary) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 74 G 31 (Diurnal) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 76 J 18 (Breviary) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 135 L 20 (Antiphonary)
Manchester Manchester () is a city in Greater Manchester, England. It had a population of 552,000 in 2021. It is bordered by the Cheshire Plain to the south, the Pennines to the north and east, and the neighbouring city of Salford to the west. The t ...
,
John Rylands Library The John Rylands Research Institute and Library is a late-Victorian neo-Gothic building on Deansgate in Manchester, England. It is part of the University of Manchester. The library, which opened to the public in 1900, was founded by Enriquet ...
, MS lat. 24 (Missal of Henry of Chichester) New York, Morgan Library & Museum, MS 710 (Berthold Missal) Prague,
National Library of the Czech Republic The National Library of the Czech Republic ( cs, Národní knihovna České republiky) is the central library of the Czech Republic. It is directed by the Ministry of Culture. The library's main building is located in the historical Clementinum b ...
, (Passionale Abbatissae Cunegundis)

Precept A precept (from the la, præcipere, to teach) is a commandment, instruction, or order intended as an authoritative rule of action. Religious law In religion, precepts are usually commands respecting moral conduct. Christianity The term is en ...
s
*
Urbana NOTOC Urbana can refer to: Places Italy Urbana, Italy United States Urbana, Illinois **Urbana (conference), a Christian conference formerly held in Urbana, Illinois Urbana, Indiana Urbana, Iowa Urbana, Kansas Urbana, Maryland Urbana, ...
,
University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign The University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (U of I, Illinois, University of Illinois, or UIUC) is a public land-grant research university in Illinois in the twin cities of Champaign and Urbana. It is the flagship institution of the Universit ...
, Pre-1650 MS 98 (
Rule of Saint Benedict The ''Rule of Saint Benedict'' ( la, Regula Sancti Benedicti) is a book of precepts written in Latin in 516 by St Benedict of Nursia ( AD 480–550) for monks living communally under the authority of an abbot. The spirit of Saint Benedict's Ru ...
from France)

Bestiaries A bestiary (from ''bestiarum vocabulum'') is a compendium of beasts. Originating in the ancient world, bestiaries were made popular in the Middle Ages in illustrated volumes that described various animals and even rocks. The natural history a ...
and Aviaries

Cambrai Cambrai (, ; pcd, Kimbré; nl, Kamerijk), formerly Cambray and historically in English Camerick or Camericke, is a city in the Nord (French department), Nord Departments of France, department and in the Hauts-de-France Regions of France, regio ...
, Bibliothèque municipale de Cambrai, MS. 259 (Cambrai Aviary) Cambridge,
Cambridge University Library Cambridge University Library is the main research library of the University of Cambridge. It is the largest of the over 100 libraries within the university. The Library is a major scholarly resource for the members of the University of Cambri ...
, MS Gg. 6.5 (Bestiary) Cambridge, Cambridge University Library, MS Ii. 4. 26 (Bestiary) Cambridge, Cambridge University Library, MS Kk. 4. 25 (Bestiary) Cambridge,
Fitzwilliam Museum The Fitzwilliam Museum is the art and antiquities museum of the University of Cambridge. It is located on Trumpington Street opposite Fitzwilliam Street in central Cambridge. It was founded in 1816 under the will of Richard FitzWilliam, 7th Vis ...
, MS 254 (Bestiary) London, British Library, Royal MS 12 F XIII (
Rochester Bestiary The Rochester BestiaryLondon, British Library, Royal MS 12 F.xiii is a richly illuminated manuscript copy of a medieval bestiary, a book describing the appearance and habits of a large number of familiar and exotic animals, both real and legendar ...
) Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Ashmole 1511 (
Ashmole Bestiary The ''Ashmole Bestiary'' (Bodleian Library MS. Ashmole 1511) is a late 12th or early 13th century English illuminated manuscript Bestiary containing a creation story and detailed allegorical descriptions of over 100 animals. Rich colour miniature ...
)

Miscellanies A miscellany is a collection of various pieces of writing by different authors. Meaning a mixture, medley, or assortment, a wikt:miscellany, miscellany can include pieces on many subjects and in a variety of different Literary genre, forms. In c ...
*
Bordeaux Bordeaux ( , ; Gascon oc, Bordèu ; eu, Bordele; it, Bordò; es, Burdeos) is a port city on the river Garonne in the Gironde department, Southwestern France. It is the capital of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, as well as the prefectur ...
, Bibliothèque municipale de Bordeaux, MS. 995 (Miscellany) *
Brussels Brussels (french: Bruxelles or ; nl, Brussel ), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) (french: link=no, Région de Bruxelles-Capitale; nl, link=no, Bruss ...
, Bibilothèque royale Albert 1er, MS 8536-43 (Miscellany) London, British Library, Cotton MS Cleopatra B IX (Chess miscellany)

Joannitius

Bethesda, Maryland Bethesda () is an unincorporated, census-designated place in southern Montgomery County, Maryland. It is located just northwest of Washington, D.C. It takes its name from a local church, the Bethesda Meeting House (1820, rebuilt 1849), which in ...
,
National Library of Medicine The United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), operated by the United States federal government, is the world's largest medical library. Located in Bethesda, Maryland, the NLM is an institute within the National Institutes of Health. Its ...
(Joannitius, Isagoge)

Thomas Aquinas Thomas Aquinas, OP (; it, Tommaso d'Aquino, lit=Thomas of Aquino; 1225 – 7 March 1274) was an Italian Dominican friar and priest who was an influential philosopher, theologian and jurist in the tradition of scholasticism; he is known wi ...
Brussels, Bibliothèque royale Albert 1er, MS II. 934 (Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on the Sentences)

Hagiography A hagiography (; ) is a biography of a saint or an ecclesiastical leader, as well as, by extension, an adulatory and idealized biography of a founder, saint, monk, nun or icon in any of the world's religions. Early Christian hagiographies migh ...

Bucharest Bucharest ( , ; ro, București ) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre. It is located in the southeast of the country, on the banks of the Dâmbovița River, less than north of ...
, National Academy Library, MS grec 1294 Sec. XII Greece (Ioan Sinaitul, Canon of mercy) *
Dublin Dublin (; , or ) is the capital and largest city of Republic of Ireland, Ireland. On a bay at the mouth of the River Liffey, it is in the Provinces of Ireland, province of Leinster, bordered on the south by the Dublin Mountains, a part of th ...
,
Trinity College Library The Library of Trinity College Dublin () serves Trinity College and the University of Dublin. It is a legal deposit or "copyright library", under which, publishers in Ireland must deposit a copy of all their publications there, without charge ...
, MS E. I. 40 (Dublin Life of Saint Alban)

Hugh of St. Cher Hugh of Saint-Cher ( la, Hugo de Sancto Charo), O.P. (c. 1200 – 19 March 1263) was a French Dominican friar who became a cardinal and noted biblical commentator. Life Hugh was born at Saint-Cher, a suburb of Vienne, Dauphiné, around th ...
*
Durham Durham most commonly refers to: Durham, England, a cathedral city and the county town of County Durham County Durham, an English county Durham County, North Carolina, a county in North Carolina, United States Durham, North Carolina, a city in No ...
, Cathedral Library, MS A. I. 16 (Hugh of St. Cher, Commentary on the Pauline Epistles)

Fechtbücher Martial arts manuals are instructions, with or without illustrations, specifically designed to be learnt from a book. Many books detailing specific techniques of martial arts are often erroneously called manuals but were written as treatises. Pros ...
*
Leeds Leeds () is a city and the administrative centre of the City of Leeds district in West Yorkshire, England. It is built around the River Aire and is in the eastern foothills of the Pennines. It is also the third-largest settlement (by populati ...
, Royal Armories, British Museum No. 14 E iii, No. 20, D. vi., (
I.33 Royal Armouries Ms. I.33 is the earliest known surviving European ''fechtbuch'' (combat manual), and one of the oldest surviving martial arts manuals dealing with armed combat worldwide. I.33 is also known as the Walpurgis manuscript, after a fig ...
)

Gratian Gratian (; la, Gratianus; 18 April 359 – 25 August 383) was emperor of the Western Roman Empire from 367 to 383. The eldest son of Valentinian I, Gratian accompanied his father on several campaigns along the Rhine and Danube frontiers and wa ...
*
Liège Liège ( , , ; wa, Lîdje ; nl, Luik ; german: Lüttich ) is a major city and municipality of Wallonia and the capital of the Belgian province of Liège. The city is situated in the valley of the Meuse, in the east of Belgium, not far from b ...
,
University Library An academic library is a library that is attached to a higher education institution and serves two complementary purposes: to support the curriculum and the research of the university faculty and students. It is unknown how many academic librar ...
, MS 499 ( Gratian, Decretum)

Chronicle A chronicle ( la, chronica, from Greek ''chroniká'', from , ''chrónos'' – "time") is a historical account of events arranged in chronological order, as in a timeline. Typically, equal weight is given for historically important events and lo ...
s
London, British Library, Add MS 21212 (William of Brittany, ''Chronicle of Philip Augustus'') Paris
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, MS Fr. 9081 (
William of Tyre William of Tyre ( la, Willelmus Tyrensis; 113029 September 1186) was a medieval prelate and chronicler. As archbishop of Tyre, he is sometimes known as William II to distinguish him from his predecessor, William I, the Englishman, a former ...
, ''Histoire d'Outremer'')

Giles de Paris
London, British Library, Add MS 22399 (Gilles de Paris, poem)

Song Collections

San Lorenzo de El Escorial San Lorenzo de El Escorial, also known as El Escorial de Arriba, is a town and municipality in the Community of Madrid, Spain, located to the northwest of the region in the southeastern side of the Sierra de Guadarrama, at the foot of Mount ...
,
Escorial El Escorial, or the Royal Site of San Lorenzo de El Escorial ( es, Monasterio y Sitio de El Escorial en Madrid), or Monasterio del Escorial (), is a historical residence of the King of Spain located in the town of San Lorenzo de El Escorial, up ...
, Real Biblioteca, MS. T. I. I (E Codex of the Cantigas de Santa Maria) (Canticles of Alfonso the Wise) *
Cantigas de Santa Maria The ''Cantigas de Santa Maria'' (, ; "Canticles of Holy Mary") are 420 poems with musical notation, written in the medieval Galician-Portuguese language during the reign of Alfonso X of Castile ''El Sabio'' (1221–1284). Traditionally, they ar ...

Raymond of Peñafort
*
San Marino, California San Marino is a residential city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. It was incorporated on April 25, 1913. At the 2010 census the population was 13,147. The city is one of the wealthiest places in the nation in terms of househol ...
,
California California is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States, located along the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the List of states and territori ...
,
Huntington Library The Huntington Library, Art Museum and Botanical Gardens, known as The Huntington, is a collections-based educational and research institution established by Henry E. Huntington (1850–1927) and Arabella Huntington (c.1851–1924) in San Mar ...
, HM 57 ( Raymond of Peñafort, Summa)

Ptolemy Claudius Ptolemy (; grc-gre, Πτολεμαῖος, ; la, Claudius Ptolemaeus; AD) was a mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer, and music theorist, who wrote about a dozen scientific treatises, three of which were of importanc ...
San Marino, California, Huntington Library, HM 65 (Ptolemy, Almagest)

Peter Lombard Peter Lombard (also Peter the Lombard, Pierre Lombard or Petrus Lombardus; 1096, Novara – 21/22 July 1160, Paris), was a scholastic theologian, Bishop of Paris, and author of '' Four Books of Sentences'' which became the standard textbook of ...
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 71 A 22 (Peter Lombard, Glossa in Epistulas Pauli) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 135 F 8 (Peter Lombard, Commentarius in psalmos)

Martin of Opava Martin of Opava, O.P. (died 1278) also known as Martin of Poland, was a 13th-century Dominican friar, bishop and chronicler. Life Known in Latin as ''Frater Martinus Ordinis Praedicatorum'' (Brother Martin of the Order of Preachers), he is bel ...
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 71 G 63 (Martin of Opava, Chronicon Imperatorum)

St. Jerome Jerome (; la, Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus; grc-gre, Εὐσέβιος Σωφρόνιος Ἱερώνυμος; – 30 September 420), also known as Jerome of Stridon, was a Christian priest, confessor, theologian, and historian; he is comm ...
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 72 J 16 (Jerome, Sermons)

Romances

Bonn The federal city of Bonn ( lat, Bonna) is a city on the banks of the Rhine in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, with a population of over 300,000. About south-southeast of Cologne, Bonn is in the southernmost part of the Rhine-Ruhr r ...
, Universitätsbibliothek, MS S. 526 (Roman de Lancelot du Lac) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 78 D 47 (Histoire ancienne jusqu'à César)
Cambridge Cambridge ( ) is a university city and the county town in Cambridgeshire, England. It is located on the River Cam approximately north of London. As of the 2021 United Kingdom census, the population of Cambridge was 145,700. Cambridge bec ...
, Trinity College, MS O.9.34. (Thomas of Kent, Roman de Toute Chevalerie)

Edda "Edda" (; Old Norse ''Edda'', plural ''Eddur'') is an Old Norse term that has been attributed by modern scholars to the collective of two Medieval Icelandic literary works: what is now known as the ''Prose Edda'' and an older collection of poem ...
s
*
Reykjavík Reykjavík ( ; ) is the capital and largest city of Iceland. It is located in southwestern Iceland, on the southern shore of Faxaflói bay. Its latitude is 64°08' N, making it the world's northernmost capital of a sovereign state. With a po ...
,
Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies The Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies ( is, Stofnun Árna Magnússonar í íslenskum fræðum ) is an institute of the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Iceland which conducts research in Icelandic and related academic s ...
(
Codex Regius Codex Regius ( la, Cōdex Rēgius, "Royal Book" or "King's Book"; is, Konungsbók) or GKS 2365 4º is an Icelandic codex in which many Old Norse poems from the ''Poetic Edda'' are preserved. Thought to have been written during the 1270s, it i ...
)

Genealogy Genealogy () is the study of families, family history, and the tracing of their lineages. Genealogists use oral interviews, historical records, genetic analysis, and other records to obtain information about a family and to demonstrate kins ...
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 75 A 2/2 (Genealogy of the Kings of England)

Moses ben Avraham Avinu Moses ben Avraham Avinu (died ca. 1733/34) was a Czech-Austrian printer and author who was a Christian convert to Judaism. His father, Jacob, was also a convert. Moses was born at Nikolsburg (now Mikulov). He became a native of Prague, and was c ...
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 131 A 3 (Moses Ben Abraham, Chronique de la Bible)

Avicenna Ibn Sina ( fa, ابن سینا; 980 – June 1037 CE), commonly known in the West as Avicenna (), was a Persian polymath who is regarded as one of the most significant physicians, astronomers, philosophers, and writers of the Islamic G ...
The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, 10 B 24 (Avicenna, Canon medicinae)

Obituary rolls
London, British Library, Egerton MS 2849 (Obituary Roll Of Lucy, First Prioress of Hedingham)

Lucas de Gail
* Modena,
Biblioteca Estense The Biblioteca Estense ('' Estense Library''), was the family library of the marquis and dukes of Este. The exact date of the library's birth is still under speculation, however it is known for certain that the library was in use during the fourte ...
, Est. 59 (Lucas de Gail, Roman de Tristan)

Pliny the Elder Gaius Plinius Secundus (AD 23/2479), called Pliny the Elder (), was a Roman author, naturalist and natural philosopher, and naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and a friend of the emperor Vespasian. He wrote the encyclopedic '' ...
Florence,
Biblioteca Laurenziana The Laurentian Library (Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana or BML) is a historic library in Florence, Italy, containing more than 11,000 manuscripts and 4,500 early printed books. Built in a cloister of the Medicean Basilica di San Lorenzo di Firenze ...
, Plut. 83 (Pliny the Elder, Naturalis historia)

Justinian
Verona, Biblioteca Capitolare, MS CLXXIII (Justinian, Corpus Iuris Civilis)

Al-Mubashshir
*
Istanbul Istanbul ( , ; tr, İstanbul ), formerly known as Constantinople ( grc-gre, Κωνσταντινούπολις; la, Constantinopolis), is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, serving as the country's economic, ...
, Topkapi Palace Library, MS Ahmed III, 3206 (Al-Mubashshir, True Sayings and Speeches)

Dioscorides Pedanius Dioscorides ( grc-gre, Πεδάνιος Διοσκουρίδης, ; 40–90 AD), “the father of pharmacognosy”, was a Greek physician, pharmacologist, botanist, and author of ''De materia medica'' (, On Medical Material) —a 5-vol ...
Istanbul, Topkapi Palace Library, MS Ahmed III, 2127 (Dioscorides, ''
De Materia Medica (Latin name for the Greek work , , both meaning "On Medical Material") is a pharmacopoeia of medicinal plants and the medicines that can be obtained from them. The five-volume work was written between 50 and 70 CE by Pedanius Dioscorides, a ...
'')

Ahmad ibn al-Husain ibn Ahnaf
Istanbul, Topkapi sarayi Museum, MS Ahmed III. 2115 (Ahmad ibn al-Husain ibn Ahnaf, The Book of the Art of Healing Horses)

Abu Muhammed al-Hariri
Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, MS Arabe 5847 (Abu Muhammed al-Hariri, The Maqamat)

Frederick II
Vatican, Biblioteca Apostolica, Pal. lat. 1071 (
De arte venandi cum avibus ''De Arte Venandi cum Avibus'', literally ''On The Art of Hunting with Birds'', is a Latin treatise on ornithology and falconry written in the 1240s by the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II. One of the surviving manuscripts is dedicated to his son ...
)

14th century

Psalter A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters we ...
s
Cambridge, Fitzwilliam,
Macclesfield Psalter The Macclesfield Psalter is a lavishly illuminated manuscript probably produced c. 1320–30 in East Anglia. The psalter, or book of Psalms, contains 252 beautifully illustrated pages and is named after its most recent owner, the Earl of ...

The Hague The Hague ( ; nl, Den Haag or ) is a city and municipality of the Netherlands, situated on the west coast facing the North Sea. The Hague is the country's administrative centre and its seat of government, and while the official capital of ...
, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, MS 75 H 40 (Psalter) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, MS 128 G 29 (Psalter) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, MS 135 E 15 (Psalter) London,
British Library The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom and is one of the largest libraries in the world. It is estimated to contain between 170 and 200 million items from many countries. As a legal deposit library, the British ...
, Add MS 42130. (
Luttrell Psalter The Luttrell Psalter (British Library, Add MS 42130) is an illuminated manuscript, illuminated psalter commissioned by Sir Geoffrey Luttrell (1276–1345), lord of the manor of Irnham in Lincolnshire, written and illustrated on parchment ''circa'' ...
) London, British Library, Add MS 49622 (
Gorleston Psalter The Gorleston Psalter (British Library Add MS 49622) is a 14th-century manuscript notable for containing early music instruction and for its humorous marginalia. It is named for the town of Gorleston in Norfolk. Description The Gorleston ...
) London, British Library, Arundel MS 83 pt. 2 (De Lisle Psalter) London, British Library, Royal MS 2. B. VII (
Queen Mary Psalter The Queen Mary Psalter (British Library, Royal MS 2 B.vii) is a fourteenth-century English psalter named after Mary I of England, who gained possession of it in 1553.Davenport 56-57. The psalter is noted for its beauty and the lavishness of its il ...
) London, British Library, Yates Thompson MS 14 (St. Omer Psalter) Moscow,
State Historical Museum The State Historical Museum ( Russian: Государственный исторический музей, ''Gosudarstvenny istoricheskiy muzyey'') of Russia is a museum of Russian history The history of Russia begins with the histories of ...
, MS2752 (
Tomich Psalter Tomich may refer to: * Tomich (village) in the Scottish Highlands, United Kingdom * USS ''Tomich'' (DE-242), Edsall-class destroyer escort People with the surname * Jared Tomich (b. 1974), American football player * Pere Tomich, 15th century C ...
) Munich, Bavarian State Library, MS Cod. slav. 4,
Munich Serbian Psalter The Munich Serbian Psalter ( sr, Минхенски српски псалтир, Minhenski srpski psaltir, german: Serbischer Psalter) is a 14th-century illuminated psalter written in Church Slavonic of the Serbian recension. With its 229 leav ...

New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States New York may also refer to: Film and television * '' ...
, The Cloisters Museum (
Psalter of Bonne de Luxembourg The ''Psalter of Bonne de Luxembourg'' is a small 14th-century illuminated manuscript in tempera, grisaille, ink and gold leaf on vellum. It is held in the collection of The Cloisters, New York, where it is usually on display. The book was prob ...
) New York,
Public Library A public library is a library that is accessible by the general public and is usually funded from public sources, such as taxes. It is operated by librarians and library paraprofessionals, who are also Civil service, civil servants. There are ...
, Spencer Collection MS 26 (
Tickhill Psalter The Tickhill Psalter is a fourteenth-century illuminated manuscript. The psalter is illustrated with scenes from the life of King David, and is now kept in the New York Public Library. History Created in circa 1310, the manuscript was originall ...
)
Oxford Oxford () is a city in England. It is the county town and only city of Oxfordshire. In 2020, its population was estimated at 151,584. It is north-west of London, south-east of Birmingham and north-east of Bristol. The city is home to the ...
,
Bodleian Library The Bodleian Library () is the main research library of the University of Oxford, and is one of the oldest libraries in Europe. It derives its name from its founder, Sir Thomas Bodley. With over 13 million printed items, it is the second- ...
, MS Douce 366 (Ormesby Psalter) Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, MS. fr. 8846 (
Great Canterbury Psalter The Great Canterbury Psalter (also called the Anglo-Catalan Psalter or Paris Psalter) is an early 13th- and mid 14th-century illuminated manuscript with the shelfmark MS lat. 8846 in the Bibliothèque nationale de France in Paris. It was made in ...
, Anglo-Catalan Psalter or Paris Psalter - also part 13th-century) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale, MS. fr. 13091 (Psalter of Jean, Duc de Berry) *
Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...
,
Österreichische Nationalbibliothek The Austrian National Library (german: Österreichische Nationalbibliothek) is the largest library in Austria, with more than 12 million items in its various collections. The library is located in the Neue Burg Wing of the Hofburg in center of Vi ...
, Cod. 1826 (Vienna Bohun Psalter) *
Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...
, Rossiiskaya Natsionalnaya Biblioteka ( Kiev Psalter of 1397)

Books of Hours The book of hours is a Christian devotional book used to pray the canonical hours. The use of a book of hours was especially popular in the Middle Ages and as a result, they are the most common type of surviving medieval illuminated manuscrip ...
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, MS KA 36 (Book of Hours and Prayer Book) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, MS 76 F 6 (Hours of Isabella of Castile) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, MS 76 G 3 (Book of Hours) London, British Library, Arundel MS 83 pt. 1 (
Howard Psalter and Hours The Howard Psalter and Hours (British Library, Arundel 83 pt. I) is a 14th-century illuminated prayerbook. It includes a liturgical Psalter with canticles and litany, the Office of the Dead, a calendar of East Anglian origin and an incomplete H ...
) London, British Library, Egerton MS 2781 (Neville of Hornby Hours) London, British Library, Egerton MS 3277 (Bohun Psalter and Hours) London, British Library, Stowe MS 17 ( Maastricht Hours) London, British Library, Yates Thompson MS 13 (
Taymouth Hours The Taymouth Hours (Yates Thompson MS 13) is an illuminated Book of Hours produced in England in about 1325–35. It is named after Taymouth Castle where it was kept after being acquired by an Earl of Breadalbane in the seventeenth or eighteenth ...
) London, British Library, Yates Thompson MS 27 (Hours of Yolande of Flanders) London, British Library, Yates Thompson MS 45 (Hours of Nicolas Rolin) New York, The Cloisters Museum, ( Hours of Jeanne d'Evreux) New York, The Cloisters Museum, (
Belles Heures of Jean de France, Duc de Berry The ''Belles Heures of Jean de France, Duc de Berry'', or ''Belles Heures of Jean de Berry'' (The Beautiful Hours) is an early 15th-century illuminated manuscript book of hours (containing prayers to be said by the faithful at each canonical hour ...
) Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, MS lat. 18014 ( Petites Heures of Jean, Duc de Berry) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale, MS Nouv. Acq. lat. 3093 (Très Belles Heures de Notre-Dame) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale, MS Nouv. Acq. lat. 3145 ( Hours of Jeanne de Navarre)
Urbana NOTOC Urbana can refer to: Places Italy Urbana, Italy United States Urbana, Illinois **Urbana (conference), a Christian conference formerly held in Urbana, Illinois Urbana, Indiana Urbana, Iowa Urbana, Kansas Urbana, Maryland Urbana, ...
,
University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign The University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (U of I, Illinois, University of Illinois, or UIUC) is a public land-grant research university in Illinois in the twin cities of Champaign and Urbana. It is the flagship institution of the Universit ...
, Pre-1650 MS 76 (Lyte Family Book of Hours)

Liturgical manuscripts

Chantilly Chantilly may refer to: Places France *Chantilly, Oise, a city located in the Oise department **US Chantilly, a football club Château de Chantilly, a historic château located in the town of Chantilly United States Chantilly, Missou ...
,
Musée Condé The Musée Condé – in English, the Condé Museum – is a French museum located inside the Château de Chantilly in Chantilly, Oise, 40 km north of Paris. In 1897, Henri d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale, son of Louis Philippe I, bequeathed the c ...
, s. n. (Breviary of Jeanne d'Évreux) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10. A. 14 (Missal) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, MS 76 F 29 (Breviary) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, MS 78 D 40 (Festal Missal) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 A 14 (Missal) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 A 16 (Missal) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 D 26 (Missal) London, British Library, Add MS 29704, 29705, 44892 (Carmelite Missal) London, British Library, Stowe MS 12 (
Stowe Breviary The Stowe Breviary (British Library, Stowe MS 12) is an early-fourteenth-century illuminated manuscript Breviary from England, providing the divine office according to the Sarum ordinal and calendar (with Norwich additions). It is thought to be ...
) London, British Library, Yates Thompson MS 8 (Breviary of Renaud de Bar) London, British Library, Yates Thompson MS 24 (Pontifical of Guilelmo Durando) London, British Library, Yates Thompson MS 34 (Epistolary of the Sainte Chapelle) London,
Victoria and Albert Museum The Victoria and Albert Museum (often abbreviated as the V&A) in London is the world's largest museum of applied arts, decorative arts and design, housing a permanent collection of over 2.27 million objects. It was founded in 1852 and nam ...
, MS 1346-1891 (Missal of Saint-Denis) London,
Westminster Abbey Westminster Abbey, formally titled the Collegiate Church of Saint Peter at Westminster, is an historic, mainly Gothic church in the City of Westminster, London, England, just to the west of the Palace of Westminster. It is one of the United ...
, MS 37 (Litlyngton Missal, given by abbot Nicholas de Litlyngton) London, Westminster Abbey, MS 38 (
Liber Regalis The ''Liber Regalis'' (Latin for "Royal Book") is an English medieval illuminated manuscript which was, most likely, compiled in 1382 to provide details for the coronation service for Richard II's consort, Anne of Bohemia. Other sources sugge ...
) Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, MS lat. 861 (Missal for the Use of Paris) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale, MS lat. 1052 (Breviary of Charles V) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale, MS lat. 10483-10484 (
Belleville Breviary The Belleville Breviary (Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MS lat. 10484, 2 volumes) is an illuminated breviary. It was produced in Paris some time between 1323 and 1326 by the artist known as Jean Pucelle,Deuchler (1971), 253 probably for Jeanne de ...
) Paris,
Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, MS 148 (Pontifical of Pierre de Treigny) *
Prague Prague ( ; cs, Praha ; german: Prag, ; la, Praga) is the capital and largest city in the Czech Republic, and the historical capital of Bohemia. On the Vltava river, Prague is home to about 1.3 million people. The city has a temperate ...
,
National Library of the Czech Republic The National Library of the Czech Republic ( cs, Národní knihovna České republiky) is the central library of the Czech Republic. It is directed by the Ministry of Culture. The library's main building is located in the historical Clementinum b ...
, MS A. 17, XIV (Passional of Abbess Kunigunde) *
Urbana NOTOC Urbana can refer to: Places Italy Urbana, Italy United States Urbana, Illinois **Urbana (conference), a Christian conference formerly held in Urbana, Illinois Urbana, Indiana Urbana, Iowa Urbana, Kansas Urbana, Maryland Urbana, ...
,
University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign The University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (U of I, Illinois, University of Illinois, or UIUC) is a public land-grant research university in Illinois in the twin cities of Champaign and Urbana. It is the flagship institution of the Universit ...
, Pre-1650 MS 124 (Coronation book of
Charles IV of France Charles IV (18/19 June 1294 – 1 February 1328), called the Fair (''le Bel'') in France and the Bald (''el Calvo'') in Navarre, was last king of the direct line of the House of Capet, King of France and King of Navarre (as Charles I) from 132 ...
and
Jeanne d'Évreux Jeanne may refer to: Places Jeanne (crater), on Venus People * Jeanne (given name) * Joan of Arc (Jeanne d'Arc, 1412–1431) * Joanna of Flanders (1295–1374) * Joan, Duchess of Brittany (1319–1384) * Ruth Stuber Jeanne (1910–2004), Ameri ...
) *
Vatican City Vatican City (), officially the Vatican City State ( it, Stato della Città del Vaticano; la, Status Civitatis Vaticanae),—' * german: Vatikanstadt, cf. '—' (in Austria: ') * pl, Miasto Watykańskie, cf. '—' * pt, Cidade do Vati ...
,
Biblioteca Apostolica The Vatican Apostolic Library ( la, Bibliotheca Apostolica Vaticana, it, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana), more commonly known as the Vatican Library or informally as the Vat, is the library of the Holy See, located in Vatican City. Formally es ...
, MS. Urb. lat. 603 (Breviary of Blanche de France)

Bestiaries A bestiary (from ''bestiarum vocabulum'') is a compendium of beasts. Originating in the ancient world, bestiaries were made popular in the Middle Ages in illustrated volumes that described various animals and even rocks. The natural history a ...
*
Brussels Brussels (french: Bruxelles or ; nl, Brussel ), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) (french: link=no, Région de Bruxelles-Capitale; nl, link=no, Bruss ...
, Bibliothèque royale Albert 1er, MS 8340. (Bestiary) *
Cambridge Cambridge ( ) is a university city and the county town in Cambridgeshire, England. It is located on the River Cam approximately north of London. As of the 2021 United Kingdom census, the population of Cambridge was 145,700. Cambridge bec ...
, Corpus Christi College, MS 53 (Peterborough Bestiary) Cambridge,
Fitzwilliam Museum The Fitzwilliam Museum is the art and antiquities museum of the University of Cambridge. It is located on Trumpington Street opposite Fitzwilliam Street in central Cambridge. It was founded in 1816 under the will of Richard FitzWilliam, 7th Vis ...
, J. 20. (Bestiary of Guillaume le Clerc) Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum, MS 379. (Bestiary)

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...
s
Paris,
Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal The Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal (''Library of the Arsenal'', founded 1757) in Paris has been part of the Bibliothèque nationale de France since 1934. History The collections of the library originated with the private library of Marc-René, 3rd ...
, MS 5069 (Bible of Jean Papeleu) Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, MS fr. 15397 (Bible of Jean de Sy) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale, MS lat. 11935 (Bible of Robert de Billyng)

Bible Historiales

Geneva Geneva ( ; french: Genève ) frp, Genèva ; german: link=no, Genf ; it, Ginevra ; rm, Genevra is the List of cities in Switzerland, second-most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich) and the most populous city of Romandy, the French-speaki ...
, Bibliothèque Publique et Universitaire, MS Fr. 2 (Geneva Bible Historiale) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, MS 71 A 23 (Bible Historiale) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, MS 78 D 43 (Bible Historiale) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 B. 23 (Bible Historiale of Jean de Vaudetar) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 B 23 (Petrus Comestor, Bible historial, Guyars des Moulins translation) Paris, Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal, MS 5212 (Bible Historiale of Charles V) Saint Petersburg,
Russian National Library The National Library of Russia (NLR, russian: Российская национальная библиотека}), located in Saint Petersburg, is the first, and one of three national public libraries in Russia. The NLR is currently ranked amo ...
, Bible Historiale of d'Albret Family, in 2 volumes

Bible Moralisée The , also known as the "Bible Historiée", the "Bible Allégorisée" and sometimes "Emblémes Bibliques", is a later name for the most important examples of the medieval picture bibles, called in general "biblia pauperum", to have survived. The ...
Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, MS fr. 167 (Bible Moralisée of Jean le Bon)

Biblical picture books
London, British Library, Egerton MS 1894 (Egerton Genesis Picture Book) Prague,
National Library of the Czech Republic The National Library of the Czech Republic ( cs, Národní knihovna České republiky) is the central library of the Czech Republic. It is directed by the Ministry of Culture. The library's main building is located in the historical Clementinum b ...
, (
Velislai biblia picta The Velislaus Bible or Velislav's Bible (Latin Velislai biblia picta) is an illuminated manuscript of 1325–1349, which is in effect a picture-book of the Bible, as the text is limited to brief titles or descriptions of the 747 pictures from ...
)

New Testament The New Testament grc, Ἡ Καινὴ Διαθήκη, transl. ; la, Novum Testamentum. (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon. It discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christ ...
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, MS 75 E 8 (New Testament)

Apocalypse manuscripts
*
Dublin Dublin (; , or ) is the capital and largest city of Republic of Ireland, Ireland. On a bay at the mouth of the River Liffey, it is in the Provinces of Ireland, province of Leinster, bordered on the south by the Dublin Mountains, a part of th ...
,
Trinity College Library The Library of Trinity College Dublin () serves Trinity College and the University of Dublin. It is a legal deposit or "copyright library", under which, publishers in Ireland must deposit a copy of all their publications there, without charge ...
, MS 64 (Dublin Apocalypse) London, British Library, Add MS 18633 (Apocalypse) London, British Library, Add MS 22493 (Apocalypse fragment) London, British Library, Royal MS 15. D. II (Welles/Greenfield Apocalypse) London, British Library, Royal MS 19. B. XV (Queen Mary Apocalypse)

Hagiography A hagiography (; ) is a biography of a saint or an ecclesiastical leader, as well as, by extension, an adulatory and idealized biography of a founder, saint, monk, nun or icon in any of the world's religions. Early Christian hagiographies migh ...
London, British Library, Royal MS 19. C. IV (Songe du Verger) Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, MS fr. 2090-2092 ( Life of Saint Denis) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale, MS Nouv. Acq. fr. 24541 (Miracles of Our Lady)

Romances
London, British Library, Add MS 10292-10294 (Saint Graal) London, British Library, Add MS 23930 (Hélie de Borron, Romance of Guiron le Courtois) Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, MS fr. 146 (Roman de Fauvel)

Dante Dante Alighieri (; – 14 September 1321), probably baptized Durante di Alighiero degli Alighieri and often referred to as Dante (, ), was an Italian poet, writer and philosopher. His ''Divine Comedy'', originally called (modern Italian: '' ...
*
Florence Florence ( ; it, Firenze ) is a city in Central Italy and the capital city of the Tuscany region. It is the most populated city in Tuscany, with 383,083 inhabitants in 2016, and over 1,520,000 in its metropolitan area.Bilancio demografico an ...
,
Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana The Laurentian Library (Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana or BML) is a historic library in Florence, Italy, containing more than 11,000 manuscripts and 4,500 early printed books. Built in a cloister of the Medicean Basilica di San Lorenzo di Firenze ...
, MS 152 (Dante, Divine Comedy) *
Florence Florence ( ; it, Firenze ) is a city in Central Italy and the capital city of the Tuscany region. It is the most populated city in Tuscany, with 383,083 inhabitants in 2016, and over 1,520,000 in its metropolitan area.Bilancio demografico an ...
,
Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Firenze The National Central Library of Florence ( it, Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Firenze, BNCF) is a public national library in Florence, the largest in Italy and one of the most important in Europe, one of the two central libraries of Italy, alon ...
, Palat. MS 313 (Dante, Divine Comedy)

Aristotle Aristotle (; grc-gre, Ἀριστοτέλης ''Aristotélēs'', ; 384–322 BC) was a Greek philosopher and polymath during the Classical period in Ancient Greece. Taught by Plato, he was the founder of the Peripatetic school of phil ...
Brussels, Bibliothèque royale Albert 1er, MS 9505-9506 (Aristotle's ''Ethics'') The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 D 1 (Aristotle, Ethiques, Nicolas Oresme translation)

Boccaccio Giovanni Boccaccio (, , ; 16 June 1313 – 21 December 1375) was an Italian people, Italian writer, poet, correspondent of Petrarch, and an important Renaissance humanism, Renaissance humanist. Born in the town of Certaldo, he became so we ...
Berlin, Staatsbibliothek Preußischer Kulturbesitz, MS Hamilton 90 (Boccaccio, Decameron)

Petrarch Francesco Petrarca (; 20 July 1304 – 18/19 July 1374), commonly anglicized as Petrarch (), was a scholar and poet of early Renaissance Italy, and one of the earliest humanists. Petrarch's rediscovery of Cicero's letters is often credited w ...

Darmstadt Darmstadt () is a city in the States of Germany, state of Hesse in Germany, located in the southern part of the Frankfurt Rhine Main Area, Rhine-Main-Area (Frankfurt Metropolitan Region). Darmstadt has around 160,000 inhabitants, making it th ...
, Hessischen Landes und Hofschulbibliothek, MS 101 (Petrarch, De Viris Illustribus)

Legal manuscripts Law is a set of rules that are created and are enforceable by social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior,Robertson, ''Crimes against humanity'', 90. with its precise definition a matter of longstanding debate. It has been vario ...
*
Dresden Dresden (, ; Upper Saxon: ''Dräsdn''; wen, label=Upper Sorbian, Drježdźany) is the capital city of the German state of Saxony and its second most populous city, after Leipzig. It is the 12th most populous city of Germany, the fourth larg ...
, ?, MS 32 (Sachsenspiegel) Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, MS lat. 3893 (
Decretum Gratiani The ''Decretum Gratiani'', also known as the ''Concordia discordantium canonum'' or ''Concordantia discordantium canonum'' or simply as the ''Decretum'', is a collection of canon law compiled and written in the 12th century as a legal textbook b ...
) Vatican, Biblioteca Apostolica, Ross. 555 (Jacob Ben Asher, Arba’ah Turim)

Mirror A mirror or looking glass is an object that Reflection (physics), reflects an image. Light that bounces off a mirror will show an image of whatever is in front of it, when focused through the lens of the eye or a camera. Mirrors reverse the ...
s
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, MS Ak. XX (Spieghel Historiael)
Leiden Leiden (; in English and archaic Dutch also Leyden) is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. The municipality of Leiden has a population of 119,713, but the city forms one densely connected agglomeration wit ...
, Universiteitsbibliotheek, VGG F 3A (Miroir Historial of Vincent de Beauvais) London, British Library, Add MS 16578 (
Speculum Humanae Salvationis The ''Speculum Humanae Salvationis'' or ''Mirror of Human Salvation'' was a bestselling anonymous illustrated work of popular theology in the late Middle Ages, part of the genre of encyclopedic speculum literature, in this case concentrating on ...
)

Literary compilations

Heidelberg Heidelberg (; Palatine German language, Palatine German: ''Heidlberg'') is a city in the States of Germany, German state of Baden-Württemberg, situated on the river Neckar in south-west Germany. As of the 2016 census, its population was 159,914 ...
,
University Library An academic library is a library that is attached to a higher education institution and serves two complementary purposes: to support the curriculum and the research of the university faculty and students. It is unknown how many academic librar ...
, Cod. Pal. germ. 848 (
Codex Manesse The Codex Manesse (also Große Heidelberger Liederhandschrift or Pariser Handschrift) is a ''Liederhandschrift'' (manuscript containing songs), the single most comprehensive source of Middle High German ''Minnesang'' poetry, written and illustrat ...
)

Seneca Seneca may refer to: People and language * Seneca (name), a list of people with either the given name or surname * Seneca people, one of the six Iroquois tribes of North America ** Seneca language, the language of the Seneca people Places Extrat ...
London, British Library, Add MS 11987 (Seneca)

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...
s
London, British Library, Add MS 39627 (
Gospels of Tsar Ivan Alexander The Gospels of Tsar Ivan Alexander, Tetraevangelia of Ivan Alexander, or Four Gospels of Ivan Alexander ( bg, Четвероевангелие на (цар) Иван Александър, transliterated as ''Chetveroevangelie na (tsar) Ivan Aleks ...
) St Petersbyrg, Library of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siysky Gospel from 1339

Chronicle A chronicle ( la, chronica, from Greek ''chroniká'', from , ''chrónos'' – "time") is a historical account of events arranged in chronological order, as in a timeline. Typically, equal weight is given for historically important events and lo ...
s

Budapest Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population ...
, Országos Széchényi Könyvtár, ( Chronicon Hungariae Pictum (Chronica de Gestis Hungarorum or Képes Krónika or The Illuminated Chronicle 1360)) London, British Library, Add MS 39758 (Chronicle and Chartulary of the Abbey of Peterborough) Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, MS lat. 2813 (Charles V's
Grandes Chroniques de France The ''Grandes Chroniques de France'' is a vernacular royal compilation of the history of France, most manuscripts of which are luxury copies that are heavily illuminated. Copies were produced between the thirteenth and fifteenth centuries, the ...
) * St. Gall, Kantonsbibliothek, Vadiana, MS 302 Vad. (World Chronicle and Charlemagne)

Guillaume de Machaut Guillaume de Machaut (, ; also Machau and Machault; – April 1377) was a French composer and poet who was the central figure of the style in late medieval music. His dominance of the genre is such that modern musicologists use his death to ...
Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, MS fr. 1586 (Works of Guillaume de Machaut)

Livy Titus Livius (; 59 BC – AD 17), known in English as Livy ( ), was a Ancient Rome, Roman historian. He wrote a monumental history of Rome and the Roman people, titled , covering the period from the earliest legends of Rome before the traditiona ...
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 71 A 16 (Livy, History) Paris, Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève, MS 777 (Livy of Charles V)

Saga is a series of science fantasy role-playing video games by Square Enix. The series originated on the Game Boy in 1989 as the creation of Akitoshi Kawazu at Square (video game company), Square. It has since continued across multiple platforms, ...
s

Reykjavík Reykjavík ( ; ) is the capital and largest city of Iceland. It is located in southwestern Iceland, on the southern shore of Faxaflói bay. Its latitude is 64°08' N, making it the world's northernmost capital of a sovereign state. With a po ...
,
Arnamagnæan Institute The Arnamagnæan Institute ( da, Den Arnamagnæanske Samling, formerly ''Det Arnamagnæanske Institut'') is a teaching and research institute established in 1956 to further the study of the manuscripts in the Arnamagnæan Manuscript Collection, th ...
, GkS 1005 fol (
Flatey Book ''Flatey'' may refer to either of two islands in Iceland: Flatey, Breiðafjörður Flatey, Skjálfandi See also * ''Flateyjarbók ''Flateyjarbók'' (; "Book of Flatey") is an important medieval Icelandic manuscript. It is also known as GkS 1 ...
)

Guillaume Durand Guillaume Durand, or William Durand (c. 1230 – 1 November 1296), also known as Durandus, Duranti or Durantis, from the Italian form of Durandi filius, as he sometimes signed himself, was a French canonist and liturgical writer, and Bishop ...
Vienna, Austria, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, (Guillaume Durand, Rationale divinorum officiorum)
Bucharest Bucharest ( , ; ro, București ) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre. It is located in the southeast of the country, on the banks of the Dâmbovița River, less than north of ...
, National Academy Library, MS lat. 2, (Guillaume Durand, Rationale divinorum officiorum)

Music manuscripts
London, British Library, Add MS 57950 (
Old Hall Manuscript The Old Hall Manuscript (British Library, Add MS 57950) is the largest, most complete, and most significant source of English sacred music of the late 14th and early 15th centuries, and as such represents the best source for late Medieval English ...
)

Prayerbooks
Vatican, Apostolic Library, (
Vatican Croatian Prayer Book The Vatican Croatian Prayer Book ( hr, Vatikanski hrvatski molitvenik) is the oldest Croatian vernacular prayer book and the finest example of early Shtokavian vernacular literary idiom. Written between 1380 and 1400 in Dubrovnik as a transcript ...
)

Jacob van Maerlant Jacob van Maerlant (c. 1230–40 – c. 1288–1300) was a Flemish poet of the 13th century and one of the most important Middle Dutch authors during the Middle Ages. Biography Jacob van Maerlant was born near Bruges. He becam ...
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS KA 16 (Jacob van Maerlant, Der Naturen Bloeme) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS KA 20 (Jacob van Maerlant, Spieghel Historiael) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 E 16 (Jacob van Maerlant, Rijmbijbel. and Die wrake van Jherusalem) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 B 21 (Jacob van Maerlant, Rhimebible)

Augustine
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 71 A 1 (Augustine, De civitate Dei and Liber de cura pro mortuis gerenda)

Guillaume de Lorris Guillaume de Lorris (c. 1200c. 1240) was a French scholar and poet from Lorris. He was the author of the first section of the ''Roman de la Rose''. Little is known about him, other than that he wrote the earlier section of the poem around 1230, ...
and
Jean de Meun Jean de Meun (or de Meung, ) () was a French author best known for his continuation of the '' Roman de la Rose''. Life He was born Jean Clopinel or Jean Chopinel at Meung-sur-Loire. Tradition asserts that he studied at the University of Paris. He ...
Chantilly, Musée Condé, MS 482/665 (Guillaume de Lorris and Jean de Meung, Roman de la Rose) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 120 D 13 (Guillaume de Lorris and Jean de Meung, Roman de la Rose) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 B 29 (Guillaume de Lorris and Jean de Meung, Roman de la Rose)

Miscellany A miscellany is a collection of various pieces of writing by different authors. Meaning a mixture, medley, or assortment, a miscellany can include pieces on many subjects and in a variety of different forms. In contrast to anthologies, whose aim ...
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 E 5 (Miscellany) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS KA 24 (Miscellany) The Evergreen State College, Holly Rare Book Room, The Book of Malbourne, MS JR 193 (Miscellany)

Sermon A sermon is a religious discourse or oration by a preacher, usually a member of clergy. Sermons address a scriptural, theological, or moral topic, usually expounding on a type of belief, law, or behavior within both past and present contexts. El ...
s
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 70 E 5 (The Limburg Sermons)

Gautier de Coinsi
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 71 A 24 (Gautier de Coinsi, Les miracles de Notre Dame)

Johannes Januensis
The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 A 13 (Johannes Januensis, Catholicon)

Hippocrates Hippocrates of Kos (; grc-gre, Ἱπποκράτης ὁ Κῷος, Hippokrátēs ho Kôios; ), also known as Hippocrates II, was a Greek physician of the classical period who is considered one of the most outstanding figures in the history of ...
The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 B 22 (Hippocrates, Aphorismi et prognostica cum commentis Galeni)

Military treatises
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 73 J 22 (Vegetius, L'Art de chevallerie. Frontinus, Stratagèmes)

Cartularies A cartulary or chartulary (; Latin: ''cartularium'' or ''chartularium''), also called ''pancarta'' or ''codex diplomaticus'', is a medieval manuscript volume or roll (''rotulus'') containing transcriptions of original documents relating to the fo ...
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 75 D 7 (Charters of the cities of Flanders)

Durand de Mende
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 78 D 41 (Durand de Mende, Le rational des divins offices de l'église)

Calendar A calendar is a system of organizing days. This is done by giving names to periods of time, typically days, weeks, months and years. A date is the designation of a single and specific day within such a system. A calendar is also a physi ...
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 130 E 26 (Utrecht Calendar)

Atlas An atlas is a collection of maps; it is typically a bundle of maps of Earth or of a region of Earth. Atlases have traditionally been bound into book form, but today many atlases are in multimedia formats. In addition to presenting geographic ...
es
Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, MS Esp. 30 (
Catalan Atlas The Catalan Atlas ( ca, Atles català, ) is a medieval world map, or mappamundi, created in 1375 that has been described as the most important map of the Middle Ages in the Catalan language, and as "the zenith of medieval map-work". It was pro ...
)

Valerius Maximus Valerius Maximus () was a 1st-century Latin writer and author of a collection of historical anecdotes: ''Factorum ac dictorum memorabilium libri IX'' ("Nine books of memorable deeds and sayings", also known as ''De factis dictisque memorabilibus'' ...
London, British Library, Arundel MS 7 (Valerius Maximus, Factorum et dictorum memorabilium)

15th century

Books of Hours The book of hours is a Christian devotional book used to pray the canonical hours. The use of a book of hours was especially popular in the Middle Ages and as a result, they are the most common type of surviving medieval illuminated manuscrip ...
Brussels, Bibliothèque royale, MS 11051 (Book of Hours) Brussels, Bibliothèque royale, ms. 11060-1 (Très Belles Heures du duc de Berry, also called Heures de Bruxelles) Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum, MS 62 (
Hours of Isabella Stuart The Hours of Isabella Stuart, Duchess of Brittany (MS 62) is an illuminated Book of Hours produced at Angers either between 1417 and 1418 or before 1431 (there are two competing theories as to its commission), in the workshop of the Rohan Master ...
) *
Chantilly Chantilly may refer to: Places France *Chantilly, Oise, a city located in the Oise department **US Chantilly, a football club Château de Chantilly, a historic château located in the town of Chantilly United States Chantilly, Missou ...
, Musée Condé, MS 71 (
Hours of Étienne Chevalier The Hours of Étienne Chevalier is an illuminated book of hours commissioned by Étienne Chevalier, treasurer to king Charles VII of France, from the miniature painter and illuminator Jean Fouquet. Only 48 of its leaves with 47 miniatures survive ...
) (40 images only) Chantilly, Musée Condé, MS 65 (
Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry The Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry (; en, The Very Rich Hours of the Duke of Berry) or Très Riches Heures, is the most famous and possibly the best surviving example of manuscript illumination in the late phase of the International Goth ...
)
Chapel Hill, North Carolina Chapel Hill is a town in Orange, Durham and Chatham counties in the U.S. state of North Carolina. Its population was 61,960 in the 2020 census, making Chapel Hill the 17th-largest municipality in the state. Chapel Hill, Durham, and the state ca ...
,
University of North Carolina The University of North Carolina is the multi-campus public university system for the state of North Carolina. Overseeing the state's 16 public universities and the NC School of Science and Mathematics, it is commonly referred to as the UNC Sy ...
,
Ackland Art Museum The Ackland Art Museum is a museum and academic unit of The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. It was founded through the bequest of William Hayes Ackland (1855–1940) to The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. It is located a ...
, Ackland Fund, 69. 7. 2 (Book of Hours leaf) *
East Lansing, Michigan East Lansing is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. Most of the city lies within Ingham County, Michigan, Ingham County with a smaller portion extending north into Clinton County, Michigan, Clinton County. At the 2020 United States Census, 2020 ...
,
Michigan State University Michigan State University (Michigan State, MSU) is a public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in East Lansing, Michigan. It was founded in 1855 as the Agricultural College of the State of Michigan, the fi ...
Library, MS 2 (Book of Hour

Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, Ashb. 1874 ( Book of Hours of Lorenzo de' Medici) Florence, Biblioteca Nazionale, Banco Rari 397 and Landau Finaly 22, (Visconti Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 71 G 54 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 71 G 55 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 74 F 1 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 74 G 3 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 74 G 5 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 74 G 8 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 74 G 22 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 74 G 28 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 74 G 30 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 74 G 34 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 74 G 35 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 74 G 37 (Hours of Simon de Varie) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 74 H 8 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 74 H 31 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 74 H 42 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 75 G 2 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 75 H 43 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 F 2 (Hours of Philip of Burgundy) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 F 7 (Hours of Catherine of Aragon) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 F 14 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 F 15 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 F 17 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 F 18 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 F 21 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 F 22 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 F 25 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 F 27 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 F 30 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 F 31 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 G 5 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 G 7 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 G 8 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 G 9 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 G 10 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 G 11 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 G 12 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 G 13 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 G 14 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 G 16 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 G 18 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 G 19 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 G 20 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 G 21 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 G 22 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 G 23 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 G 27 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 G 28 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 77 L 45 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 77 L 58 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 77 L 59 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 77 L 60 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 78 J 7 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 79 K 1 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 79 K 2 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 79 K 5 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 128 G 31 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 130 E 2 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 130 E 4 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 130 E 5 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 130 E 18 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 130 E 19 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 131 G 1 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 131 G 3 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 131 G 4 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 131 G 5 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 131 G 7 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 131 G 8 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 131 G 41 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 131 H 8 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 131 H 9 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 131 H 11 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 131 H 18 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 131 H 25 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 132 G 37 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 132 G 38 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 D 1 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 D 5 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 D 6 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 D 7 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 D 14 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 D 15 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 D 16 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 D 17 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 D 18 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 E 11 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 E 12 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 E 15 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 E 16 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 E 17 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 E 18 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 E 19 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 E 22 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 H 16 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 H 30 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 H 31 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 M 23 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 M 82 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 M 124 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 133 M 131 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 135 C 4 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 135 E 12 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 135 E 18 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 135 E 22 (Book of Hours and Prayer Book) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 135 E 23 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 135 E 25 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 135 E 36 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 135 E 40 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 135 E 45 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 135 F 2 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 135 G 9 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 135 G 10 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 135 G 19 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 135 J 9 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 135 J 10 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 135 J 50 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 135 J 55 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 135 K 11 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 135 K 15 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 135 K 17 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 135 K 40 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 135 K 45 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 E 2 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 E 47 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 F 1 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 F 2 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 F 3 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 F 5 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 F 11 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 F 12 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 F 13 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 F 17 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 F 20 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 F 23 (Book of Hours) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10 F 50 (Book of Hours) London, British Library, Add MS 18850 (
Bedford Hours The Bedford Hours is a French late medieval book of hours. It dates to the early fifteenth century (c. 1410–30); some of its miniatures, including the portraits of the Duke and Duchess of Bedford, have been attributed to the Bedford Master ...
) London, British Library, Add MS 28962 (Psalter and Hours of Alphonso V of Aragon) London, British Library, Add MS 34294, 1-4 (
Sforza Hours The Sforza Hours (British Library, London, Add. MS 34294), is a richly illuminated book of hours initiated by Bona Sforza, widow of Galeazzo Sforza, Duke of Milan, around 1490, who commissioned the illuminator . The book remained in an unfinished ...
) London, British Library, Add MS 38126 (Huth Hours) London, British Library, Add MS 42131 (Psalter and Hours of John, Duke of Bedford) London, British Library, Add MS 50001 (Hours of Elizabeth the Queen) London, British Library, Add MS 50002 (Mirandola Hours) London, British Library, Add MS 54782 (London Hours of William Lord Hastings (Hastings Hours)) London, British Library, Royal MS 2 A. XVIII (Beaufort/Beauchamp Hours) London, British Library, Yates Thompson MS 3 (Hours of Jean Dunois) London, British Library, Yates Thompson MS 4 (Hours of Jacob de Bregilles) London, British Library, Yates Thompson MS 23 (Hours of Agostino Biliotti) Milan, Biblioteca Trivulziana, Cod. 470 Book of Hours ( Book of Hours (Milan, Biblioteca Trivulziana, Cod. 470)) New York, Morgan Library & Museum, MS M. 893 (Psalter and Hours of Henry Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick) New York, Morgan Library & Museum, M. 945 and M. 917 (
Hours of Catherine of Cleves The Hours of Catherine of Cleves (Morgan Library and Museum, now divided in two parts, M. 917 and M. 945, the latter sometimes called the Guennol Hours or, less commonly, the Arenberg Hours) is an ornately illuminated manuscript in the Gothic ar ...
) Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
MS lat. 1158 (Neville Hours) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale, MS lat. 9471 ( Grandes Heures du Duc de Rohan) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale, MS lat. 919 (Les Grandes Heures du duc de Berry) Saint Petersburg, Russian National Library, Hours of Maria Stuart Syracuse University Library, Special Collections Research Center, MS 2 (Le Louchier Hours) or (The Syracuse Hours) Syracuse University Library, Special Collections Research Center, MS 3 (Book of Hours) Syracuse University Library, Special Collections Research Center, MS 6 (Book of Hours) *
Uppsala Uppsala (, or all ending in , ; archaically spelled ''Upsala'') is the county seat of Uppsala County and the List of urban areas in Sweden by population, fourth-largest city in Sweden, after Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmö. It had 177,074 inha ...
,
Uppsala University Library The Uppsala University Library ( sv, Uppsala universitetsbibliotek) at Uppsala University in Uppsala, Sweden, consists of 11 subject libraries, one of which is housed in the old main library building, Carolina Rediviva. The library holds books an ...
, C 517 e ( Ravenelle Hours)

Book of Hours and Prayer Book
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 134 C 47 (Book of Hours and Prayer Book) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 135 F 4 (Book of Hours and Prayer Book) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 135 G 12 (Book of Hours and Prayer Book) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, 10 F 15 (Book of Hours and Prayer Book)

Prayer Book A prayer book is a book containing prayers and perhaps devotional readings, for private or communal use, or in some cases, outlining the liturgy of religious services. Books containing mainly orders of religious services, or readings for them are ...
s
The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, KA 31 (Prayer Book) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 71 H 56 (Prayer Book) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 71 H 64 (Prayer Book) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 74 G 1 (Prayer Book) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, MS 76 G 15 (Prayer Book) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 130 E 14 (Prayer Book) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 130 E 17 (Prayer Book) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 133 D 10 (Prayer Book) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 133 F 3 (Prayer Book) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 133 F 6 (Prayer Book) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 133 F 9 (Prayer Book) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 135 E 19 (Prayer Book) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, 10 E 1 (Prayer Book) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, 10 F 22 (Prayer Book)

Liturgical manuscripts
*
Aix Aix or AIX may refer to: Computing * AIX, a line of IBM computer operating systems An Alternate Index, for a Virtual Storage Access Method Key Sequenced Data Set Athens Internet Exchange, a European Internet exchange point Places Belgium ...
, MS 11 (Missal) *
Alnwick Castle Alnwick Castle () is a castle and country house in Alnwick in the English county of Northumberland. It is the seat of the 12th Duke of Northumberland, built following the Norman conquest and renovated and remodelled a number of times. It is a G ...
, Collection of the
Duke of Northumberland Duke of Northumberland is a noble title that has been created three times in English and British history, twice in the Peerage of England and once in the Peerage of Great Britain. The current holder of this title is Ralph Percy, 12th Duke ...
(
Sherborne Missal The Sherborne Missal (London, British Library, Add MS 74236) is an early 15th-century English illuminated manuscript missal, one of the finest English examples of International Gothic painting. With 347 vellum leaves measuring , it weighs 20&nbs ...
) *
Avallon Avallon () is a Communes of France, commune in the Yonne Departments of France, department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in central-eastern France. Name Avallon, Latin ''Aballō'', ablative ''Aballone'', is ultimately derived from Gaulish languag ...
, MS 1 (Missal) Baltimore, Walters Art Museum, MS W 75 (Masters of the Dark Eyes Missal) Brussels, Bibliothèque royale, MS 3452 (Breviary of Hugues Dobois) Fribourg, Bibliothèque Cantonale et Universitaire, MS L. 64 (Breviary) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 70 E 12 (Lectionary with Gospel and Epistle lessons, glossed) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 74 G 33 (Diurnal) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 75 A 2 / 6 (Antiphonary) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 76 D 14 (Missal) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 76 E 2 (Missal) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 76 E 8 (Breviary) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 76 E 18 (Mass and Office Book of the Brotherhood of St. Catherine of the Paris) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 78 A 34 (Fragments of liturgical manuscripts) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 78 D 44 (Missal of the Church of St. Servatius, Maastricht) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 78 J 47 (Lay Breviary) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 128 D 29 (Missal) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 128 D 30 (Festal Missal) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 133 E 8 (Diurnal) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 134 C 60 (Psalter and Breviary of St. Bridget) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 135 H 45 (Missal) The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliothek, 135 J 8 (Diurnal) London, British Library, Add MS 17440 (Missal) London, British Library, Add MS 18851 (Breviary of Isabella of Castile) London, British Library, Add MS 35311 (Breviary of John the Fearless) Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Digby 227 (Abingdon Missal) Ranworth, St. Helen's Church, s. n. (Ranworth Antiphoner)

Pentateuch The Torah (; hbo, ''Tōrā'', "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law") is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, namely the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. In that sense, Torah means the sa ...
s
London, British Library, Or. 2348 (Hebrew Pentateuch)

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...
s
Auckland, New Zealand, Public Library, MS G. 128-31 (Bible) Brussels, Bibliothèque royale, MSS 106, 107, 204 and 205 (Bible)
Darmstadt Darmstadt () is a city in the States of Germany, state of Hesse in Germany, located in the southern part of the Frankfurt Rhine Main Area, Rhine-Main-Area (Frankfurt Metropolitan Region). Darmstadt has around 160,000 inhabitants, making it th ...
, Staatsbibliothek, MS 324 (Bible of Thomas à Kempis) Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, Plut. 15. 17 (Bible of Matthias Corvinus) London, British Library, Add MS 10043 and 38122 (Bible of Herman van Lochorst) *
Modena Modena (, , ; egl, label=Emilian language#Dialects, Modenese, Mòdna ; ett, Mutna; la, Mutina) is a city and ''comune'' (municipality) on the south side of the Po Valley, in the Province of Modena in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern I ...
,
Biblioteca Estense The Biblioteca Estense ('' Estense Library''), was the family library of the marquis and dukes of Este. The exact date of the library's birth is still under speculation, however it is known for certain that the library was in use during the fourte ...
, VG 12 Lat. (422-23) (Bible of Borsso d'Este)

Bible Historiales
London, British Library, Royal MS 15 D I (Bible Historiale of Edward IV)

Chaucer

Aberystwyth Aberystwyth () is a university and seaside town as well as a community in Ceredigion, Wales. Located in the historic county of Cardiganshire, means "the mouth of the Ystwyth". Aberystwyth University has been a major educational location in ...
,
National Library of Wales The National Library of Wales ( cy, Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru), Aberystwyth, is the national legal deposit library of Wales and is one of the Welsh Government sponsored bodies. It is the biggest library in Wales, holding over 6.5 million boo ...
(Hengwrt manuscript) Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 61 (Corpus Troilus) London, British Library, Add MS 35286 (Chaucer, Canterbury Tales) *
San Marino, California San Marino is a residential city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. It was incorporated on April 25, 1913. At the 2010 census the population was 13,147. The city is one of the wealthiest places in the nation in terms of househol ...
,
Huntington Library The Huntington Library, Art Museum and Botanical Gardens, known as The Huntington, is a collections-based educational and research institution established by Henry E. Huntington (1850–1927) and Arabella Huntington (c.1851–1924) in San Mar ...
, EL 26 C 9 (Ellesmere manuscript, Ellesmere Chaucer)

Psalter A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters we ...
s
*
Aberdeen Aberdeen (; sco, Aiberdeen ; gd, Obar Dheathain ; la, Aberdonia) is a city in North East Scotland, and is the third most populous city in the country. Aberdeen is one of Scotland's 32 local government council areas (as Aberdeen City), and ...
, Aberdeen University Library, MS 25 (Burnet Psalter)

Miscellanies A miscellany is a collection of various pieces of writing by different authors. Meaning a mixture, medley, or assortment, a wikt:miscellany, miscellany can include pieces on many subjects and in a variety of different Literary genre, forms. In c ...
Barcelona, Biblioteca Universitària de Barcelona, MS 75 (Miscellany)
Bamberg Bamberg (, , ; East Franconian: ''Bambärch'') is a town in Upper Franconia, Germany, on the river Regnitz close to its confluence with the river Main. The town dates back to the 9th century, when its name was derived from the nearby ' castle. C ...
,
Bamberg State Library The Bamberg State Library (german: Staatsbibliothek Bamberg) is a combined universal, regional and research library with priority given to the humanities. Today it is housed in the New Residence, the former prince-bishop's new palace. The Free ...
, Msc.Theol.233 (Bamberg Miscellany) London, British Library, Add MS 8784 (Miscellany)

Welsh-language literature, Welsh
Aberystwyth, National Library of Wales, MS 7006D (The Black Book of Basingwerk)

Cicero Marcus Tullius Cicero ( ; ; 3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, and academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the estab ...
Berlin, Staatsbibliothek Preußischer Kulturbesitz, MS Hamilton 166 (Cicero, Epistolae ad Atticum)

Apocalypse manuscripts

Cambrai Cambrai (, ; pcd, Kimbré; nl, Kamerijk), formerly Cambray and historically in English Camerick or Camericke, is a city in the Nord (French department), Nord Departments of France, department and in the Hauts-de-France Regions of France, regio ...
, Bibliothèque municipale, MS 386 (Cambrai Apocalypse)

Chronicle A chronicle ( la, chronica, from Greek ''chroniká'', from , ''chrónos'' – "time") is a historical account of events arranged in chronological order, as in a timeline. Typically, equal weight is given for historically important events and lo ...
s
*
Budapest Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population ...
, Országos Széchényi Könyvtár, (Epitoma Rerum Hungaricarum) Cambridge, Trinity Hall, MS 1 (Thomas of Elmham, Chronicles of St. Augustine's Abbey, Canterbury) Chantilly, Musée Condé, MS 1389 (Bidpai, Fables) Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
MS Fr. 2643-6 (Froissart of Louis of Gruuthuse (BnF Fr 2643-6) Froissart, Chronicles) Saint Petersburg, Russian National Library, Grandes Chroniques de France, Grands Chroniques de France by Simon Marmion Saint Petersburg, Library of the Russian Academy of Sciences, (Radzivill Chronicle) San Marino, California, Huntington Library, HM 113 (Brut Chronicle)

Albertus Magnus
Eton, Eton College, Library, MS 44 (Albertus Magnus, Commentary on Saints Luke and Mark)

Quintilian
Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, MS 46. 13 (Quintilian)

Livy Titus Livius (; 59 BC – AD 17), known in English as Livy ( ), was a Ancient Rome, Roman historian. He wrote a monumental history of Rome and the Roman people, titled , covering the period from the earliest legends of Rome before the traditiona ...
Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, MS Plut. 63. 12. (Livy, Ab Urbe Conditia)

Coluccio
Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, MS Strozzi. 36 (Coluccio)

Eusebius of Caesarea
Geneva, Bibliothèque Publique et Universitaire, MS lat. 49 (Eusebius of Caesarea, De Temporibus)

Duns Scotus
London, British Library, Add MS 15272 (Duns Scotus, On the Sentences)

Julius Caesar
London, British Library, Add MS 16982 (Caesar)

John Mandeville
London, British Library, Add MS 24189 (Travels of Sir John Mandeville)

Virgil Publius Vergilius Maro (; traditional dates 15 October 7021 September 19 BC), usually called Virgil or Vergil ( ) in English, was an ancient Roman poet of the Augustan period. He composed three of the most famous poems in Latin literature: t ...
Florence, Biblioteca Riccardiana, MS 492 (Virgil, Works) London, British Library, King's MS 24 (The King's Virgil)

Romances
London, British Library, Royal MS 15 E VI (Talbot Shrewsbury Book of Romances) London, British Library, Add MS 10290 (London Jason)

Fechtbücher Martial arts manuals are instructions, with or without illustrations, specifically designed to be learnt from a book. Many books detailing specific techniques of martial arts are often erroneously called manuals but were written as treatises. Pros ...
Fiore dei Liberi, ''Fiore dei Liberi#The Flower of Battle, Fior di Battaglia'' New York, Morgan Library & Museum, MS M.383 Los Angeles, J. Paul Getty Museum, MS LUDWIG XV 13 Italy, Pisani-Dossi collection, Pisani-Dossi MS (Fiore dei Liberi#The Flower of Battle, Flos Duellatorum) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MSS LATIN 11269 Augsburg, University Library, I.6.4.2 (Codex Wallerstein) Krajow, Biblioteka Jagiellonski (Gladiatoria) ?, Bibliotheca dell'Academica Nazionale dei Lincei e Corsiniana, Cod. 1449 (Cod. 44 A 8)

Chani da Castello
London, British Library, Egerton MS 1866 (Chani da Castello, Libro Imperiale)

St. Benedict
London, British Library, Add MS 30078 (Rule of St. Benedict)

Roman literature, Roman satires
San Marino, California, Huntington Library, HM 50 (Satires of Juvenal and Persius)

Hagiography A hagiography (; ) is a biography of a saint or an ecclesiastical leader, as well as, by extension, an adulatory and idealized biography of a founder, saint, monk, nun or icon in any of the world's religions. Early Christian hagiographies migh ...
Malta, Bibljoteka Nazzjonali ta' Malta (Malta Life of St. Anthony the Abbot) Florence, Biblioteca Laurenziana, MS Laur. Med. Pal. 143 (Florence Life of St. Anthony the Abbot) Paris, Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal, MS 940 (Life and Passion of St. Maurice) San Marino, California, Huntington Library, HM 55 (Capgrave, Life of St. Norbert)

Ovid, trans. Octavien de Saint Gelais
San Marino, California, Huntington Library, HM 60 (Epitres D’Ovide, trans. Octavien de Saint Gelais)

Alexandria
Sofia, Bulgaria, Narodna Biblioteka Sv. Sv. Kiril i Metodii (Alexandria of Sofia Codex)

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...
s
Moscow, Rossiiskaya Gosudarstvennaya Biblioteka, (Khitrovo Gospel) Athens, Greece, Ethnike Bibliotheke tes Hellados, Codex 2603 (Gospel Book (Ethnike Bibliotheke tes Hellados, Codex 2603), Gospel Book)

Philostratos
Budapest, Országos Széchényi Könyvtár, Cod. Lat. 417 (Philostratus Corvina)

Music manuscripts
Eton, Eton College MS. 178 (Eton Choirbook) Vatican City, Apostolic Library, Chigiana, C. VIII. 234 (Chigi codex) Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, Med. Pal. 87 (Squarcialupi codex)

Aurora consurgens
Glasgow, University Library MS. Ferguson 6 Zurich, Zentralbibliothek, MS. Rhenoviensis 172 Leiden, Universiteitsbibliotheek, VCF 29 Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, MS. Parisinus Latinus 14006 Prague, Universitni Knihovna, MS. VI. Fd. 26 Prague, Chapitre Métropolitain, MS. 1663. O. LXXIX Berlin, Staatsbibliothek Preußischer Kulturbesitz, MS. Germ. qu. 848

St. Augustine
New York Public Library, Spencer Collection MS 30 (Augustine, City of God)

Johannes von Tepl
Heidelberg, Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, Cod. Pal. germ. 76 (Johannes von Tepl, Der Ackermann aus Böhmen)

Dante Dante Alighieri (; – 14 September 1321), probably baptized Durante di Alighiero degli Alighieri and often referred to as Dante (, ), was an Italian poet, writer and philosopher. His ''Divine Comedy'', originally called (modern Italian: '' ...
London, British Library, Yates Thompson MS 36 (Dante, Divine Comedy) Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica, Urb. Lat. 365 (Dante, Divine Comedy)

Pseudo-Lull
Florence, Biblioteca Nazionale, BR 52 (Pseudo-Lull, Alchemical treatises)

Lives of the Twelve Caesars, Suetonius
Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, cod. lat. 5814 (Suetonius, Lives of the Twelve Caesars)

Johannes de Deo
Vienna, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, Cod. 1591 (Johannes de Deo, Columba)

De sphera
Modena, Biblioteca Estense, α. 2. 14 (Lat. 209) (De sphera)

Engineering
*Taccola, Mariano Taccola, De machinis Codex latinus monacensis 28800 Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, München, MS 136 in the Spencer Collection New York Public Library, **Codex latinus 2941 in the Bibliotheca Nazionale Marciana, Venezia. Paolo Santini or Paulus Savetinus Ducensis copy of Taccola work, De re militari et de machinis bellicis Codex latinus 7239 in the Bibliothèque nationale, Paris, Taccola, Mariano Taccola, De ingeneis Codex latinus monacensis 197 Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München; Add MS 34113 in the British Library, London Codex Santini in the Collection of Avv. Santini, Urbino Ms. Palatino 766 (BNCF)

Vexillology
Banderia Prutenorum

16th century
New York, collection of Mickey Cartin (Augsburg Book of Miracles) Saint Petersburg, Saltykov-Schedrin Public Library (Life of Alexander Nevsky (illuminated manuscript), Life of Alexander Nevsky)

Books of Hours The book of hours is a Christian devotional book used to pray the canonical hours. The use of a book of hours was especially popular in the Middle Ages and as a result, they are the most common type of surviving medieval illuminated manuscrip ...
Dunedin, Public Library, Reed Collection, MS 8 (Book of Hours) London, British Library, Yates Thompson MS 18 (Psalter of Henry VIII) The Hague, Musee Meermanno-Westreenianum, MS 10. F. 33 (Hours of Jehan de Luc) London, British Library, Add MS 18852 (Hours of Joanna of Castile (Hours of Joanna the Mad)) London, British Library, Add MS 18853 (Hours of Francis I) London, British Library, Add MS 20927 (Stuart de Rothesay Hours) London, British Library, Add MS 24098 Fragmentary Book of Hours (Golf Book) London, British Library, Add MS 35319 (Egmont Hours) London, British Library, Royal MS 2 B XV (Book of Hours) London, British Library, Yates Thompson MS 5 (Tilliot Hours) London, British Library, Yates Thompson MS 7 (Hours of Dionora of Urbino) London, British Library, Yates Thompson MS 29 (Hours of Bonaparte Ghislieri) London, British Library, Yates Thompson MS 30 (Hours of Laudomia de' Medici) San Marino, California, Huntington Library, HM 48 (Book of Hours) Syracuse University Library, Special Collections Research Center, MS 7 (Book of Hours) *
Vatican City Vatican City (), officially the Vatican City State ( it, Stato della Città del Vaticano; la, Status Civitatis Vaticanae),—' * german: Vatikanstadt, cf. '—' (in Austria: ') * pl, Miasto Watykańskie, cf. '—' * pt, Cidade do Vati ...
,
Biblioteca Apostolica The Vatican Apostolic Library ( la, Bibliotheca Apostolica Vaticana, it, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana), more commonly known as the Vatican Library or informally as the Vat, is the library of the Holy See, located in Vatican City. Formally es ...
, Vat. Ross. 94 (Book of Hours)

Liturgy, Liturgical manuscripts
Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard College, Houghton Library, pfms. Lat. 186 (Gradual (Harvard College, Houghton Library, pfms. Lat. 186), Graduall)

Prayerbooks
London, British Library, Add MS 15281 (Prayerbook of Sigismund I of Poland)

Law codes
London, British Library, Add MS 10142 (Ancient Laws of Denmark)

Traicte de Peyne
San Marino, California, Huntington Library, HM 49 (Traicte de Peyne)

Geography
______ early sixteenth-century to Niccolaus Germanus' manuscript codes Parisinus Latinus 4801 _BNF___Codex Latinus Parisinus 4802, which has Jacopo del Massaio's 1428 maps illustrating Jacopo Angeli da Scarperia's 1408-9 Latin translation of Ptolemy's Geographia. Sophia, Bulgaria, Narodna Biblioteka Sv. Sv. Kiril i Metodii, OR 3198, fol. 250v-251r (Muhammad b. Muhammad al-Idrîsî, Book of Pleasant Journeys into Faraway Lands (Book of Roger))

Alchemy
Prague, Národní knihovna Ceské republiky, Griemiller z Trebska, Jaroš Rosarium philosophorum

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...
s
Kiev, Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine, Natsional'na biblioteka Ukraïny, im. V. I. Vernadskoho, (Peresopnytsya Gospel) Paris,
Bibliothèque nationale A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a physical location or a vir ...
, MS syr. 344 (Nestorian Evangelion)

Psalter A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters we ...
s
Copenhagen, Royal Library, Copenhagen, Royal Library, Psalter (GKS 1605 4°), GKS 1605 4°

Book of unknown contents
New Haven, Connecticut, Yale University, Beinecke Rare Book Library, MS 408 (Voynich manuscript)

Diatessaron
Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, orient. 81 (Persian Diatessaron)

17th century

Ardašīr Book
Tübingen, Universitätsbibliothek, Ms. Or. qu. 1680 (Ardašīr Book)

Paisios Hagiopostolites
London, British Library, Add MS 8238 (Paisios Hagiopostolites, Verse History of Mount Sinai and its environs (London, British Library, Add MS 8238))

Slujebnicul Arhieresc al Mitropolitului Stefan al Ungrovlahiei
Bucharest, National Academy Library (BAR, ms. ROM. 1790; sec. XVII <1661, Tara Romaneasca; Paper, 114 f.280/190 mm.. Text with black and red ink. Illuminated, majuscule, frontispicii in colour and gold) Estera Hebrew Meghi'lat Esther (Estera). Bucharest, National Academy Library (Ester - BAR ms. oriental 405, 1673 Moldova, pergament, roll 1750/173 mm. Ebraic text aschenaz with black ink. Flowered frames and anthropomorphic decorations in red, green, blue and yellow.)

Vaticinia de Summis Pontificibus
Rome, Italy; Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale (Castro Pretorio). Dipartimento Manoscritti Antichi e Rari. Fondo Vittorio Emmanuele 307 (Vaticinia Nostradami, Vaticinia de Futuri Christi Vicarii ad Cesarem Filium; 1629. 82 pages sewed as a codex. Brought by Cèzar de Nostre-Dame to cardinal Maffeo Barberini) It comprises 80 drawings and/or watercolored images that some book authors link to Catholic Popes in the future. There are several images with probable astrological (astronomical dating) that are very cryptic. Only ten images are commented by handwriting in Latin (seem added by a later interpreter) the other are silent.Lauterbach, Kreg, et al. ''Nostradamus lost book''. TV-documentary about Nostradamus Vaticinia codex manuscript that was first aired in USA in October 2007, and then worldwide by History (U.S. TV channel), History Channel.

18th century
Erotocrit-ul from Vincenzo Cornaro, Bucharest, National Academy Library (BAR ms ROM. 3514; 1787 Tara Romaneasca; 219 f.; 275/195 mm. Text with black ink. Titles and initials with red ink. Ms illuminated from Petrache logofatul)

19th century
Book of kings Bucharest, National Academy Library (BAR, Ms. oriental nr.333, Ferdousi; Sah-name "Cartea regilor- Book of kings", sec. XIX, paper; 573 f.; 360/220 mm. ta'lik writing. Text on patru four columns in red frame. The manuscript has 77 de miniatures with hunting scenes, fighting scenes or regal palace interiors. The manuscript was Gh. Valentin Bibescu collection) William Blake#Illuminated books, Illuminated Books and Prophecies by William Blake

21st century
Saint John's Bible

See also
List of manuscripts List of codices Lists of books Book of Job in Byzantine illuminated manuscripts, Book of Job in Byzantine Illuminated Manuscripts

References

Books
Bologna, Giulia. ''Illuminated Manuscripts: The Book before Gutenberg''. New York: Crescent Books, 1995. Calkins, Robert G. ''Illuminated Books of the Middle Ages''. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1983. De Hamel, Christopher. ''A History of Illuminated Manuscripts''. Boston: David R. Godine, 1986. Nordenfalk, Carl. ''Cetic and Anglo-Saxon Painting: Book illumination in the British Isles 600-800''. New York: George Braziller, 1977. Temple, Elzbieta. ''Anglo-Saxon Manuscripts: 900 - 1066''. London; Harvey Miller, 1976. Weitzmann, Kurt. ''Late Antique and Early Christin Book Illumination''. New York: George Braziller, 1977. Williams, John, ''Early Spanish Manuscript Illumination'' New York: George Braziller, 1977. Williams, John. ''The Illustrated Beatus: A Corpus of the Illustrations of the Commentary on the Apocalypse'', Volume 1, ''Introduction''. London: Harvey Miller Publishers, 1994. Papadaki-Oekland, Stella,''"Byzantine Illuminated Manuscripts of the Book of Job"'',

Footnotes

External links

Digital ScriptoriumMedieval Manuscripts at Syracuse University Library Digital Collection
{{DEFAULTSORT:Illuminated Manuscripts Illuminated manuscripts, L Lists of books by type Lists of visual art topics Manuscripts, M Gothic art Romanesque art

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2nd century

3rd century

4th century

5th century

Virgil Publius Vergilius Maro (; traditional dates 15 October 7021 September 19 BC), usually called Virgil or Vergil ( ) in English, was an ancient Roman poet of the Augustan period. He composed three of the most famous poems in Latin literature: t ...

Homer Homer (; grc, Ὅμηρος , ''Hómēros'') (born ) was a Greek poet who is credited as the author of the ''Iliad'' and the ''Odyssey'', two epic poems that are foundational works of ancient Greek literature. Homer is considered one of the ...

Herbal A herbal is a book containing the names and descriptions of plants, usually with information on their medicinal, tonic, culinary, toxic, hallucinatory, aromatic, or magical powers, and the legends associated with them.Arber, p. 14. A herbal m ...

Unknown

6th century

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...s

Genesis Genesis may refer to: Bible * Book of Genesis, the first book of the biblical scriptures of both Judaism and Christianity, describing the creation of the Earth and of mankind * Genesis creation narrative, the first several chapters of the Book of ...

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...

Pentateuch The Torah (; hbo, ''Tōrā'', "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law") is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, namely the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. In that sense, Torah means the sa ...

Dioscurides Pedanius Dioscorides ( grc-gre, Πεδάνιος Διοσκουρίδης, ; 40–90 AD), “the father of pharmacognosy”, was a Greek physician, pharmacologist, botanist, and author of ''De materia medica'' (, On Medical Material) —a 5-vol ...

Corpus Agrimensorum Romanorum The Corpus Agrimensorum Romanorum (Corpus of Roman Land Surveyors) is a Roman book on land surveying which collects works by Siculus Flaccus, Frontinus, Agennius Urbicus, Hyginus Gromaticus and other writers, known as the Agrimensores ("land surve ...

Detached Lists

7th century

Mushaf A muṣḥaf ( ar, مُصْحَفْ, ; plural ''maṣāḥif'') is an Arabic word for a codex or collection of sheets, but also refers to a written copy of the Quran. The chapters of the Quran, which Muslims believe was revealed during a 23-year ...

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...s

Psalter A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters we ...s

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...s

Orosius Paulus Orosius (; born 375/385 – 420 AD), less often Paul Orosius in English, was a Roman priest, historian and theologian, and a student of Augustine of Hippo. It is possible that he was born in '' Bracara Augusta'' (now Braga, Portugal), t ...

Jerome Jerome (; la, Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus; grc-gre, Εὐσέβιος Σωφρόνιος Ἱερώνυμος; – 30 September 420), also known as Jerome of Stridon, was a Christian presbyter, priest, Confessor of the Faith, confessor, th ...

Miscellany A miscellany is a collection of various pieces of writing by different authors. Meaning a mixture, medley, or assortment, a miscellany can include pieces on many subjects and in a variety of different forms. In contrast to anthologies, whose aim ...

Dioscurides Pedanius Dioscorides ( grc-gre, Πεδάνιος Διοσκουρίδης, ; 40–90 AD), “the father of pharmacognosy”, was a Greek physician, pharmacologist, botanist, and author of ''De materia medica'' (, On Medical Material) —a 5-vol ...

Detached Leaves

Gregory of Tours Gregory of Tours (30 November 538 – 17 November 594 AD) was a Gallo-Roman historian and Bishop of Tours, which made him a leading prelate of the area that had been previously referred to as Gaul by the Romans. He was born Georgius Florenti ...

Gregory the Great Pope Gregory I ( la, Gregorius I; – 12 March 604), commonly known as Saint Gregory the Great, was the bishop of Rome from 3 September 590 to his death. He is known for instigating the first recorded large-scale mission from Rome, the Gregori ...

Origen Origen of Alexandria, ''Ōrigénēs''; Origen's Greek name ''Ōrigénēs'' () probably means "child of Horus" (from , "Horus", and , "born"). ( 185 – 253), also known as Origen Adamantius, was an Early Christianity, early Christian scholar, ...

8th century

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...s

Psalter A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters we ...s

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...s

Boethius Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius, commonly known as Boethius (; Latin: ''Boetius''; 480 – 524 AD), was a Roman senator, consul, ''magister officiorum'', historian, and philosopher of the Early Middle Ages. He was a central figure in the tr ...

Isidore of Seville Isidore of Seville ( la, Isidorus Hispalensis; c. 560 – 4 April 636) was a Spanish scholar, theologian, and archbishop of Seville. He is widely regarded, in the words of 19th-century historian Montalembert, as "the last scholar of ...

Bede Bede ( ; ang, Bǣda , ; 672/326 May 735), also known as Saint Bede, The Venerable Bede, and Bede the Venerable ( la, Beda Venerabilis), was an English monk at the monastery of St Peter and its companion monastery of St Paul in the Kingdom o ...

Cassiodorus Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus Senator (c. 485 – c. 585), commonly known as Cassiodorus (), was a Roman statesman, renowned scholar of antiquity, and writer serving in the administration of Theodoric the Great, king of the Ostrogoths. ''Senator'' w ...

Miscellanies A miscellany is a collection of various pieces of writing by different authors. Meaning a mixture, medley, or assortment, a wikt:miscellany, miscellany can include pieces on many subjects and in a variety of different Literary genre, forms. In c ...

Pope Gregory I Pope Gregory I ( la, Gregorius I; – 12 March 604), commonly known as Saint Gregory the Great, was the bishop of Rome from 3 September 590 to his death. He is known for instigating the first recorded large-scale mission from Rome, the Gregori ...

Hagiography A hagiography (; ) is a biography of a saint or an ecclesiastical leader, as well as, by extension, an adulatory and idealized biography of a founder, saint, monk, nun or icon in any of the world's religions. Early Christian hagiographies migh ...

Césaire d'Arles

Collectio canonum

Prayer Book

9th century

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...s

Psalter A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters we ...s

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...s

Liturgical Books A liturgical book, or service book, is a book published by the authority of a church body that contains the text and directions for the liturgy of its official religious services. Christianity Roman Rite In the Roman Rite of the Catholic C ...

Miscellanies A miscellany is a collection of various pieces of writing by different authors. Meaning a mixture, medley, or assortment, a wikt:miscellany, miscellany can include pieces on many subjects and in a variety of different Literary genre, forms. In c ...

Physiologus The ''Physiologus'' () is a didactic Christian text written or compiled in Greek by an unknown author, in Alexandria; its composition has been traditionally dated to the 2nd century AD by readers who saw parallels with writings of Clement of Alex ...

Cicero Marcus Tullius Cicero ( ; ; 3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, and academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the estab ...

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Agrimensores

Theodore of Mopsuestia Theodore of Mopsuestia (c. 350 – 428) was a Christian theologian, and Bishop of Mopsuestia (as Theodore II) from 392 to 428 AD. He is also known as Theodore of Antioch, from the place of his birth and presbyterate. He is the best known ...

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Canon Law Canon law (from grc, κανών, , a 'straight measuring rod, ruler') is a set of ordinances and regulations made by ecclesiastical authority (church leadership) for the government of a Christian organization or church and its members. It is th ...

10th century

Psalter A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters we ...s

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...s

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...s

New Testament The New Testament grc, Ἡ Καινὴ Διαθήκη, transl. ; la, Novum Testamentum. (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon. It discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christ ...

Book of Joshua The Book of Joshua ( he, סֵפֶר יְהוֹשֻׁעַ‎ ', Tiberian: ''Sēp̄er Yŏhōšūaʿ'') is the sixth book in the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament, and is the first book of the Deuteronomistic history, the story of Isra ...

Bede Bede ( ; ang, Bǣda , ; 672/326 May 735), also known as Saint Bede, The Venerable Bede, and Bede the Venerable ( la, Beda Venerabilis), was an English monk at the monastery of St Peter and its companion monastery of St Paul in the Kingdom o ...

Pope Gregory I Pope Gregory I ( la, Gregorius I; – 12 March 604), commonly known as Saint Gregory the Great, was the bishop of Rome from 3 September 590 to his death. He is known for instigating the first recorded large-scale mission from Rome, the Gregori ...

Dioscurides Pedanius Dioscorides ( grc-gre, Πεδάνιος Διοσκουρίδης, ; 40–90 AD), “the father of pharmacognosy”, was a Greek physician, pharmacologist, botanist, and author of ''De materia medica'' (, On Medical Material) —a 5-vol ...

Miscellanies A miscellany is a collection of various pieces of writing by different authors. Meaning a mixture, medley, or assortment, a wikt:miscellany, miscellany can include pieces on many subjects and in a variety of different Literary genre, forms. In c ...

Orosius Paulus Orosius (; born 375/385 – 420 AD), less often Paul Orosius in English, was a Roman priest, historian and theologian, and a student of Augustine of Hippo. It is possible that he was born in '' Bracara Augusta'' (now Braga, Portugal), t ...

Gregory of Nazianzus Gregory of Nazianzus ( el, Γρηγόριος ὁ Ναζιανζηνός, ''Grēgorios ho Nazianzēnos''; ''Liturgy of the Hours'' Volume I, Proper of Saints, 2 January. – 25 January 390,), also known as Gregory the Theologian or Gregory N ...

Monastic rule A religious order is a lineage of communities and organizations of people who live in some way set apart from society in accordance with their specific religious devotion, usually characterized by the principles of its founder's religious practic ...s

Hagiography A hagiography (; ) is a biography of a saint or an ecclesiastical leader, as well as, by extension, an adulatory and idealized biography of a founder, saint, monk, nun or icon in any of the world's religions. Early Christian hagiographies migh ...

John Chrysostom John Chrysostom (; gr, Ἰωάννης ὁ Χρυσόστομος; 14 September 407) was an important Early Church Father who served as archbishop of Constantinople. He is known for his homilies, preaching and public speaking, his denunciat ...

Pseudo-Apuleius 210px, Manuscript Kassel; 9th century, Mandragora Pseudo-Apuleius is the name given in modern scholarship to the author of a 4th-century herbal known as ''Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarius'' or ''Herbarium Apuleii Platonici''. The author of the text appare ...

Canon law Canon law (from grc, κανών, , a 'straight measuring rod, ruler') is a set of ordinances and regulations made by ecclesiastical authority (church leadership) for the government of a Christian organization or church and its members. It is th ...

Isidore of Seville Isidore of Seville ( la, Isidorus Hispalensis; c. 560 – 4 April 636) was a Spanish scholar, theologian, and archbishop of Seville. He is widely regarded, in the words of 19th-century historian Montalembert, as "the last scholar of ...

Aldhelm Aldhelm ( ang, Ealdhelm, la, Aldhelmus Malmesberiensis) (c. 63925 May 709), Abbot of Malmesbury Abbey, Bishop of Sherborne, and a writer and scholar of Latin poetry, was born before the middle of the 7th century. He is said to have been the so ...

Biblical commentary Exegesis ( ; from the Ancient Greek, Greek , from , "to lead out") is a critical explanation or interpretation (logic), interpretation of a text. The term is traditionally applied to the interpretation of Bible, Biblical works. In modern usage, ...

Medical texts Medicine is the science and practice of caring for a patient, managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment, palliation of their injury or disease, and promoting their health. Medicine encompasses a variety of health care pract ...

11th century

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...s

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...
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Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...
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Psalter A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters we ...
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Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...
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Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...
s

Psalter A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters we ...
s

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...
s

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...
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Psalter A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters we ...
s

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...
s

Psalter A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters we ...
s

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...
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Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...
s

Monastic rule A religious order is a lineage of communities and organizations of people who live in some way set apart from society in accordance with their specific religious devotion, usually characterized by the principles of its founder's religious practic ...
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Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...
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Psalter A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters we ...
s

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...
s

Prayer book A prayer book is a book containing prayers and perhaps devotional readings, for private or communal use, or in some cases, outlining the liturgy of religious services. Books containing mainly orders of religious services, or readings for them are ...
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Psalter A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters we ...
s

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...
s

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...
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Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts of a ...
s

Gospel Book A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: , ''Evangélion'') is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazar ...
s

Psalter A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters we ...
s

Precept A precept (from the la, præcipere, to teach) is a commandment, instruction, or order intended as an authoritative rule of action. Religious law In religion, precepts are usually commands respecting moral conduct. Christianity The term is en ...
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Bestiaries A bestiary (from ''bestiarum vocabulum'') is a compendium of beasts. Originating in the ancient world, bestiaries were made popular in the Middle Ages in illustrated volumes that described various animals and even rocks. The natural history a ...
and Aviaries