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Benedictine
The Benedictines, officially the Order of Saint Benedict (, abbreviated as O.S.B. or OSB), are a mainly contemplative monastic order of the Catholic Church for men and for women who follow the Rule of Saint Benedict. Initiated in 529, they are the oldest of all the religious orders in the Latin Church. The male religious are also sometimes called the Black Monks, especially in English speaking countries, after the colour of their habits, although some, like the Olivetans, wear white. They were founded by Benedict of Nursia, a 6th-century Italian monk who laid the foundations of Benedictine monasticism through the formulation of his Rule. Benedict's sister, Scholastica, possibly his twin, also became a religious from an early age, but chose to live as a hermit. They retained a close relationship until her death. Despite being called an order, the Benedictines do not operate under a single hierarchy. They are instead organized as a collection of autonomous monasteries ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abbot Primate
The Abbot Primate of the Order of St. Benedict serves as the elected representative of the Benedictine Confederation of monasteries in the Catholic Church. While normally possessing no authority over individual autonomous monasteries or congregations, he does serve as a liaison to the Holy See, Vatican on behalf of the Benedictines, promotes unity among Benedictine monasteries and congregations, and represents Benedictines at religious gatherings throughout the world. He resides in Rome, Italy, at the Abbey of Sant'Anselmo all'Aventino which serves, because he is Abbot Primate, as the "''Primatial Abbey of Sant'Anselmo''." He appoints a Rector (academic), Rector to oversee the College of Sant'Anselmo, serves as the "Grand Chancellor" of the Anselmianum, Pontificio Ateneo Sant'Anselmo, and appoints a Rector to oversee the Church of Sant'Anselmo. History The office of "Abbot Primate" was created in 1893 by Pope Leo XIII, who had shown a particular interest in the Benedictines of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benedictine Confederation
The Benedictine Confederation of the Order of Saint Benedict () is the international governing body of the Order of Saint Benedict. Origin The Benedictine Confederation is a union of monastic congregations that nevertheless retain their own autonomy, established by Pope Leo XIII in his brief ''Summum semper'' (12 July 1893), subsequently approved by his successors. Pope Pius XII explicitly ordered this union to be regulated by a "Lex Propria", which was later revised after the Second Vatican Council. Organization of the Benedictine Confederation Most Benedictine ''houses'' are loosely affiliated in 19 national or supra-national congregations. Each of these congregations elects its own abbot president. These presidents meet annually in the Synod of Presidents. Additionally, there is a meeting every four years of the Congress of Abbots, which is made up of all abbots and conventual priors, both of monasteries that are members of congregations, as well as of those unaffiliated wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sant'Anselmo All'Aventino
Sant'Anselmo all'Aventino () is a complex located on the Piazza Knights Hospitaller, Cavalieri di Malta Square on the Aventine Hill in Rome's Ripa (rione of Rome), Ripa rione and overseen by the Benedictine Confederation and the Abbot Primate. The ''Sant'Anselmo'' complex, also known as the "''Primatial Abbey of Sant'Anselmo''" () because it is the residence of the Abbot Primate, consists of: an ecclesiastical residential college known as the "College of Sant'Anselmo" (); a university known as the "Pontifical Athenaeum of Saint Anselm" (); the "Church of Sant'Anselmo" (); and the curial headquarters of the "Benedictine Confederation" and Abbot Primate. The complex and associated institutions are named in honor of the Benedictine monk Anselm of Canterbury, Saint Anselm of Province of Canterbury, Canterbury. History On January 4, 1887, Pope Leo XIII issued a papal brief ("''Quae diligenter''") that formally commissioned the re-establishment of a residential college for the new Benedi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rule Of Saint Benedict
The ''Rule of Saint Benedict'' () is a book of precepts written in Latin by St. Benedict of Nursia (c. AD 480–550) for monks living communally under the authority of an abbot. The spirit of Saint Benedict's Rule is summed up in the motto of the Benedictine Confederation: ''pax'' ("peace") and the traditional ''ora et labora'' ("pray and work"). Compared to other precepts, the Rule provides a moderate path between individual zeal and formulaic institutionalism; because of this middle ground, it has been widely popular. Benedict's concerns were his views of the needs of monks in a community environment: namely, to establish due order, to foster an understanding of the relational nature of human beings, and to provide a spiritual father to support and strengthen the individual's ascetic effort and the spiritual growth that is required for the fulfillment of the human vocation, theosis. The ''Rule of Saint Benedict'' has been used by Benedictines for 15 centuries, and thus St. Be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olivetans
The Olivetans, formally known as the Order of Our Lady of Mount Olivet, are a monastic order. They were founded in 1313 and recognised in 1344. They use the Rule of Saint Benedict and are a member of the Benedictine Confederation, where they are also known as the Olivetan Congregation, but are distinguished from the Benedictines in their white habit and centralized organisation. They use the post-nominals 'OSB Oliv'. History Foundation The Olivetans were founded in 1313 by Bernardo Tolomei (born Giovanni Tolomei) along with two of his friends from the noble families of Siena, Patrizio Patrizi and Ambrogio Piccolomini. They initially lived as hermits in the "savage waste of Accona". The building of the monastery here began with the approbation of the foundation charter by Guido Tarlati, bishop of Arezzo (26 March 1319). [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abbey Of Monte Cassino
The Abbey of Monte Cassino (today usually spelled Montecassino) is a Catholic, Benedictine monastery on a rocky hill about southeast of Rome, in the Latin Valley. Located on the site of the ancient Roman town of Casinum, it is the first house of the Benedictine Order, having been established by Benedict of Nursia himself around 529. It was for the community of Monte Cassino that the Rule of Saint Benedict was composed. The first monastery on Monte Cassino was sacked by the invading Lombards around 570 and abandoned. Of the first monastery almost nothing is known. The second monastery was established by Petronax of Brescia around 718, at the suggestion of Pope Gregory II and with the support of the Lombard Duke Romuald II of Benevento. It was directly subject to the pope and many monasteries in Italy were under its authority. In 883, the monastery was sacked by Saracens and abandoned again. The community of monks resided first at Teano and then from 914 at Capua before the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scholastica
Scholastica (; – 10 February 543) was an Italian Christian hermit and the sister of Benedict of Nursia. She is traditionally regarded as the Organizational founder, foundress of the Benedictines, Benedictine nuns. Scholastica is honored as a saint of the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church and Anglican Communion. She was born in Italy, and a ninth-century tradition makes her the twin sister of Benedict. Her feast day is 10 February. Life According to the 6th-century ''Dialogues (Pope Gregory), Dialogues'' of Gregory the Great, Scholastica was born c. 480 in Nursia, Umbria, of wealthy parents (Anicius Eupropius and his wife Claudia Abondantia Reguardati). While Gregory only states that Scholastica was Benedict's sister, a later tradition says she was his twin (whether this is meant biologically or spiritually, or both, is unclear). Gregory also says she was dedicated to God from a young age. She and her brother Benedict were brought up together until the time he left t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jeremias Schröder
Rev. Ab. Jeremias Schröder OSB (born 8 December 1964 as Maximilian Schröder in Bad Wörishofen) is the Abbot Primate of the Benedictine Confederation. Archabbot Jeremias Schröder was born on 8 December 1964 in Bad Wörishofen. His father was merchant and his mother chemist. He grew up in Bad Wörishofen and Dorschhausen. He graduated from the ''Gymnasium'' in 1984 where he had a focus on modern languages. Then he joined the St. Ottilien Archabbey. After the novitiate he took his vows to join the order in 1985. From 1985 to 1990 he studied philosophy and theology in Rome and from 1990 to 1994 history in Oxford. In 1992 Schröder was ordained to the priesthood. From 1992 he was also "spiritual" (spiritual assistant) of the Benedictine Sisters of Stanbrook. From 1994 to 2000 he was in the St. Ottilien Archabbey secretary of archabbot Notker Wolf, zelator, keeper of the archives and editor of the magazine "Missionsblätter" and of the yearbook of St. Ottilien ("Jahrbuch St. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abbey
An abbey is a type of monastery used by members of a religious order under the governance of an abbot or abbess. Abbeys provide a complex of buildings and land for religious activities, work, and housing of Christians, Christian monks and nuns. The concept of the abbey has developed over many centuries from the early monastic ways of religious men and women where they would live isolated from the lay community about them. Religious life in an abbey may be monastic. An abbey may be the home of an enclosed religious order or may be open to visitors. The layout of the church and associated buildings of an abbey often follows a set plan determined by the founding religious order. Abbeys are often self-sufficient while using any abundance of produce or skill to provide care to the poor and needy, refuge to the persecuted, or education to the young. Some abbeys offer accommodation to people who are seeking retreat (spiritual), spiritual retreat. There are many famous abbeys across ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benedict Of Nursia
Benedict of Nursia (; ; 2 March 480 – 21 March 547), often known as Saint Benedict, was a Great Church, Christian monk. He is famed in the Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Lutheran Churches, the Anglican Communion, and Old Catholic Churches. In 1964, Pope Paul VI declared Benedict a Patron saints of Europe , patron saint of Europe. Benedict founded twelve communities for monks at Subiaco, Lazio , Subiaco in present-day Lazio, Italy (about to the east of Rome), before moving southeast to Monte Cassino in the mountains of central Italy. The present-day Order of Saint Benedict emerged later and, moreover, is not an religious order , "order" as the term is commonly understood, but a confederation of autonomous Congregation (group of houses) , congregations. Benedict's main achievement, his ''Rule of Saint Benedict'', contains a set of Decree (canon law), rules for his monks to follow. Heavily influenced by the writings of John Cassian ( – ), it shows st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian Monasticism
Christian monasticism is a religious way of life of Christians who live Asceticism#Christianity, ascetic and typically cloistered lives that are dedicated to Christian worship. It began to develop early in the history of the Christian Church, modeled upon scriptural examples and ideals, including those in the Old Testament. It has come to be regulated by religious rules (e. g., the Rule of Saint Augustine, Anthony the Great, Pachomius the Great, St Pachomius, the Rule of St Basil, the Rule of St Benedict) and, in modern times, the Canon law of the respective Christian denominations that have forms of monastic living. Those living the monastic life are known by the generic terms monks (men) and nuns (women). The word ''monk'' originated from the Ancient Greek language, Greek (, 'monk'), itself from () meaning 'alone'. Christian monks did not live in monasteries at first; rather, they began by living alone as solitaries, as the word might suggest. As more people took on the li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nuns
A nun is a woman who vows to dedicate her life to religious service and contemplation, typically living under vows of Evangelical counsels, poverty, chastity, and obedience in the Enclosed religious orders, enclosure of a monastery or convent.''The Oxford English Dictionary'', vol. X, page 599. The term is often used interchangeably with Religious sister (Catholic), religious sisters who do take simple Vow, vows but live an active vocation of prayer and charitable work. In Christianity, nuns are found in the Catholic, Oriental Orthodox, Eastern Orthodox Church, Eastern Orthodox, Lutheranism, Lutheran, and Anglicanism, Anglican and some Presbyterian traditions, as well as other Christian denominations. In the Buddhism, Buddhist tradition, female Monasticism, monastics are known as Bhikkhunī, Bhikkhuni, and take several Eight Garudhammas, additional vows compared to male monastics (bhikkhus). Nuns are most common in Mahayana, Mahayana Buddhism, but have more recently become more ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
