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Avicularioidea
Avicularioidea is a clade of mygalomorph spiders, one of the two main clades into which mygalomorphs are divided (the other being the Atypoidea). It has been treated at the rank of superfamily. Taxonomy The division of the Mygalomorphae into two clades, Atypoidea and Avicularioidea, has been established in many studies. Avicularioidea has been treated as a superfamily (at one time including all mygalomorph spiders), although other authors have placed superfamilies, such as Theraphosoidea, within Avicularioidea. The name is based on the family name "Aviculariidae", a junior synonym of Theraphosidae, ultimately deriving from the genus ''Avicularia''. The Atypoidea retain some vestiges of abdominal segmentation in the form of dorsal tergites; the Avicularioidea lack these. Relationships within the Avicularioidea are not settled . Some established families have been shown not to be monophyletic. In 2018, the family Hexathelidae was split up, and three new families created within t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mygalomorphae
The Mygalomorphae, or mygalomorphs, are an infraorder of spiders, and comprise one of three major groups of living spiders with over 3000 species, found on all continents except Antarctica. Many members are known as trapdoor spiders due to them forming trapdoors over their burrows. Other prominent groups include Australian funnel web spiders and tarantulas, with the latter accounting for around one third of all mygalomorphs. Description This group of spiders comprises mostly heavy-bodied, stout-legged spiders including tarantulas, Australian funnel-web spiders, mouse spiders, and various families of spiders commonly called trapdoor spiders. Like the "primitive" suborder of spiders Mesothelae, they have two pairs of book lungs, and downward-pointing chelicerae. Because of this, the two groups were once believed to be closely related. Later it was realized that the common ancestors of all spiders had these features (a state known as symplesiomorphy). Following the br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosamygale
''Rosamygale'' is a genus of extinct Triassic spiders, with a single described species, ''Rosamygale grauvogeli''. It is the oldest known member of the Mygalomorphae, one of the three main divisions of spiders, which includes well known forms such as tarantulas and Australian funnel-web spiders. It was described by Selden and Gall in 1992, from specimens found in the Middle Triassic (Anisian ~ 247-242 million years ago) aged Gres a Meules and Grès à Voltzia geological formations in France. It is also considered to be the oldest known member of the Avicularioidea, one of the two main divisions of Mygalomorphae. Description ''Rosamygale'' is known from compression fossils consisting of brown-coloured organic cuticle remains of several juvenile and adult individuals, up to 6 mm in length. Phylogeny In the original description, ''Rosamygale'' was placed in the Hexathelidae, with reservations. However, later studies noted that it was placed in the family based on characters th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atypoidea
Atypoidea is a clade of mygalomorph spiders, one of the two main groups into which the mygalomorphs are divided (the other being Avicularioidea). It has been treated at the rank of superfamily. It contains five families of spiders: * Atypidae * Antrodiaetidae * Mecicobothriidae * Hexurellidae * Megahexuridae ''Megahexura'' is a genus of spider Spiders ( order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude silk. They are the largest order of arach ... Spiders from atypoid families live in burrows and use silk to build many different types of burrow entrance constructs, including purse webs, trapdoors, funnel-and-sheet webs, turrets and silken collars. Phylogeny The following cladogram illustrates the relationships between atypoid mygalomorph spiders based on the molecular phylogenetic analyses of Hedin et al (2019). References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cretamygale
''Cretamygale'' is a genus of extinct Mygalomorphae, mygalomorph spiders known from the Wessex Formation from the Isle of Wight, UK, dating the Barremian stage of the Early Cretaceous, around 128 million years ago. It contains only one species, ''C. chasei,'' known from a single specimen found in amber near Chilton Chine. It was tentatively assigned to the Nemesiidae in the original description. Later studies considered it indeterminate within the Avicularioidea. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q3002505 Mygalomorphae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fossilcalcaridae ...
Fossilcalcaridae is an extinct Mygalomorphae spider family in the clade Avicularioidea containing the single species ''Fossilcalcar praeteritus''. The family genus and species were described in 2015 from a male fossil entombed in Cretaceous age Burmese amber. References {{taxonbar, from1=Q97172515, from2=Q21369209, from3=Q20722729 † † A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species). It is one of the modern descendan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ctenizidae
Ctenizidae is a small family of mygalomorph spiders that construct burrows with a cork-like trapdoor made of soil, vegetation, and silk. They may be called trapdoor spiders, as are other, similar species, such as those of the families Liphistiidae, Barychelidae, and Cyrtaucheniidae, and some species in the Idiopidae and Nemesiidae. The name comes from the distinctive behavior of the spiders to construct trapdoors, and ambush prey from beneath them. In 2018, the family Halonoproctidae was split off from the Ctenizidae. A further genus, ''Stasimopus'', was split off into its own family, Stasimopidae, in 2020. The family currently consists of two genera and five species. Etymology The name derives from Greek ''ktenizein'', meaning "combing" or "cleaning", referring to their behaviour of cleaning continuously, and the suffix "-idae", which designates belonging to a family. Taxonomy The family Ctenizidae was first described by Thorell in 1887, being based on the genus ''Cteniz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Incertae Sedis
' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertainty at specific taxonomic levels is indicated by ' (of uncertain family), ' (of uncertain suborder), ' (of uncertain order) and similar terms. Examples *The fossil plant '' Paradinandra suecica'' could not be assigned to any family, but was placed ''incertae sedis'' within the order Ericales when described in 2001. * The fossil '' Gluteus minimus'', described in 1975, could not be assigned to any known animal phylum. The genus is therefore ''incertae sedis'' within the kingdom Animalia. * While it was unclear to which order the New World vultures (family Cathartidae) should be assigned, they were placed in Aves ''incertae sedis''. It was later agreed to place them in a separate order, Cathartiformes. * Bocage's longbill, ''Motacilla boc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paratropididae
Paratropididae, also known as baldlegged spiders, is a small family of mygalomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1889. They are more closely related to tarantulas and allies, than to most other 'true' spiders ( araneomorphs). Genera , the World Spider Catalog The World Spider Catalog (WSC) is an online searchable database concerned with spider taxonomy. It aims to list all accepted families, genera and species, as well as provide access to the related taxonomic literature. The WSC began as a series of ... accepts the following genera: *'' Anisaspis'' Simon, 1892 – Saint Vincent and the Grenadines *'' Anisaspoides'' F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896 – Brazil *'' Melloina'' Brignoli, 1985 – Venezuela, Panama *'' Paratropis'' Simon, 1889 – South America *'' Stormtropis'' Perafán, Galvis & Pérez-Miles, 2019 References Mygalomorphae families {{Mygalomorphae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nemesiidae
Nemesiidae, also known as funnel-web trapdoor spiders, is a family of mygalomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1889, and raised to family status in 1985. Before becoming its own family, it was considered part of "Dipluridae". Description Nemesiidae are relatively large spiders with robust legs and a body that is nearly three times as long as it is wide. They are darkly colored, brown to black, though some have silvery hairs on their carapace. ''Atmetochilus'' females can grow over long. They live in burrows, often with a hinged trapdoor. This door is pushed up while the spider waits for passing prey. They rarely leave their burrows, catching prey and withdrawing as quickly as possible. Some of these burrows have a side tubes, but it is not certain whether '' Sinopesa'' builds burrows at all. Genera , the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera: *''Amblyocarenum'' Simon, 1892 *'' Brachythele'' Ausserer, 1871 — Europe, Cyprus *'' Calisoga'' Chamberli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Migidae
Migidae, also known as tree trapdoor spiders, is a family of spiders with about 100 species in eleven genera. They are small to large spiders with little to no hair and build burrows with a trapdoor. Some species live in tree fern stems. They have a Gondwanan distribution, found almost exclusively on the Southern Hemisphere, occurring in South America, Africa, Madagascar, Australia, New Zealand and New Caledonia. Genera , the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera: *'' Bertmainius'' Harvey, Main, Rix & Cooper, 2015 — Australia *''Calathotarsus'' Simon, 1903 — Chile, Argentina *'' Goloboffia'' Griswold & Ledford, 2001 — Chile *''Heteromigas'' Hogg, 1902 — Australia *''Mallecomigas'' Goloboff & Platnick, 1987 — Chile *''Micromesomma'' Pocock, 1895 — Madagascar *''Migas'' L. Koch, 1873 — New Zealand, Australia *'' Moggridgea'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1875 — Africa, Australia, Yemen *'' Paramigas'' Pocock, 1895 — Madagascar *''Poecilomigas'' Simon, 1903 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microstigmatidae
Microstigmatidae is a small family of spiders with about 25 described species in eight genera. They are small ground-dwelling and free-living spiders that make little use of silk. The family was removed from the family Dipluridae in 1981. The subfamily Pseudonemesiinae from the family Ctenizidae was also transferred into the Microstigmatidae. Genera , the World Spider Catalog recognized the following genera: *'' Angka'' Raven & Schwendinger, 1995 *''Envia'' Ott & Höfer, 2003 *''Ixamatus'' Simon, 1887 *''Kiama'' Main & Mascord, 1969 *''Micromygale'' Platnick & Forster, 1982 *''Microstigmata'' Strand, 1932 *''Ministigmata'' Raven & Platnick, 1981 *''Pseudonemesia'' Caporiacco, 1955 *''Spelocteniza'' Gertsch, 1982 *'' Tonton'' Passanha, Cizauskas & Brescovit, 2019 *''Xamiatus'' Raven, 1981 *''Xenonemesia ''Xenonemesia'' is a genus of spiders in the family Microstigmatidae Microstigmatidae is a small family of spiders with about 25 described species in eight genera. They are sm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Idiopidae
Idiopidae, also known as armored trapdoor spiders, is a family of mygalomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1889. They have a large body similar to tarantulas. Description In some species the males have a spur on their legs, which they will show if provoked.Find-a-spider Guide Idiopidae build burrows, and some species close these with a door. The about 2 cm long ''Prothemenops siamensis'' from Thailand builds its retreat in a streamside vertical earth bank in lower montane rain forest. Each burrow had two or three entrances that lead into a main tube. Its lateral posterior spinnerets are elongated. The oldest known idiopid, Number 16, died at the age of 43 years. Genera As of 2019, the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera: *''Arbanitis'' L. Koch, 1874 — Australia *''Blakistonia'' Hogg, 1902 — Australia *''Bungulla'' Rix, Main, Raven & Harvey, 2017 — Australia *'' Cantuaria'' Hogg, 1902 — New Zealand, Australia *'' Cataxia'' Rainbow, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
