Idiopidae, also known as armored trapdoor spiders, is a family of
mygalomorph spider
Spiders (order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude silk. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species ...
s first described by
Eugène Simon
Eugène Louis Simon (; 30 April 1848 – 17 November 1924) was a French naturalist who worked particularly on insects and spiders, but also on birds and plants. He is by far the most prolific spider taxonomist in history, describing over 4 ...
in 1889. They have a large body similar to
tarantula
Tarantulas comprise a group of large and often hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae. , 1,040 species have been identified, with 156 genera. The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Theraphosidae, although m ...
s.
Description
In some species the males have a spur on their legs, which they will show if provoked.
[Find-a-spider Guide]
Idiopidae build burrows, and some species close these with a door.
The about 2 cm long ''Prothemenops siamensis'' from Thailand builds its retreat in a streamside vertical earth bank in lower montane rain forest. Each burrow had two or three entrances that lead into a main tube. Its lateral posterior
spinnerets are elongated.
The oldest known idiopid,
Number 16, died at the age of 43 years.
[
]
Genera
As of 2019, the
World Spider Catalog
The World Spider Catalog (WSC) is an online searchable database concerned with spider taxonomy. It aims to list all accepted families, genera and species, as well as provide access to the related taxonomic literature. The WSC began as a series of ...
accepts the following genera:
*''
Arbanitis''
L. Koch, 1874 — Australia
*''
Blakistonia''
Hogg, 1902 — Australia
*''
Bungulla''
Rix, Main, Raven & Harvey, 2017 — Australia
*''
Cantuaria''
Hogg, 1902 — New Zealand, Australia
*''
Cataxia''
Rainbow, 1914 — Australia
*''
Ctenolophus''
Purcell, 1904 — South Africa
*''
Eucanippe''
Rix, Main, Raven & Harvey, 2017
*''
Eucyrtops''
Pocock, 1897 — Australia
*''
Euoplos''
Rainbow, 1914 — Australia
*''
Gaius
Gaius, sometimes spelled ''Gajus'', Kaius, Cajus, Caius, was a common Latin praenomen; see Gaius (praenomen).
People
* Gaius (jurist) (), Roman jurist
*Gaius Acilius
*Gaius Antonius
* Gaius Antonius Hybrida
*Gaius Asinius Gallus
* Gaius Asiniu ...
''
Rainbow, 1914 — Australia
*''
Galeosoma''
Purcell, 1903 — South Africa, Mozambique, Botswana
*''
Genysa''
Simon, 1889 — Madagascar
*''
Gorgyrella''
Purcell, 1902 — Zimbabwe, Tanzania, South Africa
*''
Heligmomerus''
Simon, 1892 — Africa, Asia
*''
Hiboka''
Fage, 1922 — Madagascar
*''
Idiops''
Perty, 1833 — South America, Africa, Asia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
*''
Idiosoma''
Ausserer, 1871 — Australia
*''
Neocteniza''
Pocock, 1895 — Central America, South America
*''
Prothemenops''
Schwendinger, 1991 — Thailand
*''
Scalidognathus''
Karsch, 1892 — India, Sri Lanka
*''
Segregara''
Tucker, 1917 — South Africa
*''
Titanidiops''
Simon, 1903 — Morocco
See also
*
List of Idiopidae species
References
External links
* Find-a-spider Guide
Images of several species
Mygalomorphae families
{{Mygalomorphae-stub