Yelpin
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Yelpin (; ) is a village in the
Areni Municipality Areni Municipality, referred to as Areni Community ( ''Areni Hamaynk''), is a rural community and administrative subdivision of Vayots Dzor Province of Armenia Armenia, officially the Republic of Armenia, is a landlocked country in the Arm ...
of the
Vayots Dzor Province Vayots Dzor (, ) is a province (''marz'') of Armenia. It lies at the southeastern end of the country, bordering the Nakhchivan exclave of Azerbaijan to the west and the Kalbajar District of Azerbaijan to the east. It covers an area of . With a ...
in southwestern
Armenia Armenia, officially the Republic of Armenia, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of West Asia. It is a part of the Caucasus region and is bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia (country), Georgia to the north and Azerbaijan to ...
, located on the
Armenia–Azerbaijan border The Armenia–Azerbaijan border (; ) is the international border between the Armenia, Republic of Armenia and the Azerbaijan, Republic of Azerbaijan. Estimates of the border's length vary from to . European routes European route E002, E002 and E ...
.


History

Yelpin community was established in 1828, after the Russo-Persian War (1826-1828). The founders (ethnic Armenians) fled from the Persian regions of
Khoy Khoy (, ) is a city in the Central District (Khoy County), Central District of Khoy County, West Azerbaijan province, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Occupied since Medes, Median times, ...
and
Salmas Salmas () is a city in the Central District of Salmas County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. It is northwest of Lake Urmia, near Turkey. Etymology The original name of Salmas was ...
. The community was founded in the place of the village of ''Nrbuyn'', and inherited its name, which gradually transformed to ''Nrbuyn'', ''Nrbin'', ''Irpin'' and finally to ''Yelpin''. 13th-century Armenian historian Stephen Orbelian, in his book ''Patmutyun Sisakan'' (History of Sis) mentions ''Adopen, Khndzorut, Kechut, Chochanak, Chavadzor, Mokhrot'' and other historical places to be located in the administrative territory of Yelpin. However, the territory of Yelpin has been inhabited since the
Stone Age The Stone Age was a broad prehistory, prehistoric period during which Rock (geology), stone was widely used to make stone tools with an edge, a point, or a percussion surface. The period lasted for roughly 3.4 million years and ended b ...
, evidence of which can be found in numerous caves in the vicinity. The
Bronze Age The Bronze Age () was a historical period characterised principally by the use of bronze tools and the development of complex urban societies, as well as the adoption of writing in some areas. The Bronze Age is the middle principal period of ...
is the best represented and archaeological expeditions are very active in the area. Found here are numerous artifacts, such as stone and metal instruments, arms, pottery and many others, which are kept in the Yeghegnadzor ethnographic museum.


Culture

The community is surrounded by monasteries and structures having cultural value. To the northwest of the village, remnants of a medieval fortress can be found, 10 km away there are numerous ancient decorated gravestones. Following the old road to ''Aghavnadzor'', remnants of the ''Geshin'' settlement can be found, with a famous cave nearby․ To the southeast of the village, there is the 14th-century sanctuary of ''Toukh Manuk'' and medieval ''Didivan'' monastery in ''Gndasar'', preserved from the times of the
Bagratuni dynasty The Bagratuni or Bagratid dynasty (, ) was an Armenian royal dynasty which ruled the medieval Kingdom of Armenia from until 1045. Originating as vassals of the Kingdom of Armenia of antiquity, they rose to become the most prominent Armenian n ...
. The Noravank monastic complex (12th century) is located nearby, which is a
UNESCO The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO ) is a List of specialized agencies of the United Nations, specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of promoting world peace and International secur ...
heritage site. In 2005 a new church was built in the village center.


Geography

Yelpin is located 97 km away from
Yerevan Yerevan ( , , ; ; sometimes spelled Erevan) is the capital and largest city of Armenia, as well as one of the world's List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest continuously inhabited cities. Situated along the Hrazdan River, Yerev ...
and 27 km away from provincial center Yeghegnadzor. The village is located on the
border Borders are generally defined as geography, geographical boundaries, imposed either by features such as oceans and terrain, or by polity, political entities such as governments, sovereign states, federated states, and other administrative divisio ...
to the
Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic The Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic (, ) is a landlocked country, landlocked Enclave and exclave, exclave of the Azerbaijan, Republic of Azerbaijan. The region covers Official portal of Nakhchivan Autonomous RepublicNakhchivan Autonomous Republi ...
of
Azerbaijan Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a Boundaries between the continents, transcontinental and landlocked country at the boundary of West Asia and Eastern Europe. It is a part of the South Caucasus region and is bounded by ...
to the south, with the lands of
Zangakatun Zangakatun () is a village in the Ararat Municipality of the Ararat Province of Armenia Armenia, officially the Republic of Armenia, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of West Asia. It is a part of the Caucasus region and is ...
to the west, and Chivagyugh to the southwest. Community lands stretch from 1400 to 2800 m, whereas the settlement itself is located at 1545 m above the sea level. Main occupations of the community members are gardening, land cultivation, animal husbandry, poultry farming and bee-keeping. The number of households in the village are 378, the number of houses are 273 and the number of families are 200 (as of 2007).


Nature


Flora

The flora of the area is quite rich. The vicinity of Yelpin has always been known for its abundance of alpine herbs and officinal plants. In the ancient times there was an alpine settlement named ''Seyids'' (meaning medicine people), the inhabitants of which practiced
phytotherapy Herbal medicine (also called herbalism, phytomedicine or phytotherapy) is the study of pharmacognosy and the use of medicinal plants, which are a basis of traditional medicine. Scientific evidence for the effectiveness of many herbal treatments ...
and traditional medicine. The most common used were
mentha ''Mentha'', also known as mint (from Greek , Linear B ''mi-ta''), is a genus of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae. It is estimated that 13 to 24 species exist, but the exact distinction between species is unclear. Hybridization oc ...
, rosa canina, Armenian ginseng and many others. There are numerous endemic and endangered plants registered in the national Red Book, such as '' Pragnos lophoptera'', ''
Seseli leptocladium ''Seseli'' is a genus of herbaceous perennial plants in the family Apiaceae. They are sometimes woody at base with a conic taproot. Leaf blades are 1–3-pinnate or pinnately decompound. Umbels are compound, with bracts few or absent. Petals are ...
'' (endemic), '' Cephalorrinhus kirpicznikovii'', ''
Hieracium pannosum ''Hieracium'' (), known by the common name hawkweed and classically as (from ancient Greek ἱέραξ, 'hawk'), is a genus of flowering plant in the Family (biology), family Asteraceae, and closely related to dandelion (''Taraxacum''), chicor ...
'', ''
Steptorhamphus czerepanovii ''Cicerbita'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, native to Asia and Europe. They are known commonly as blue sow thistles.
'', ''
Acanthophyllum pungens ''Acanthophyllum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family (biology), family Caryophyllaceae with about 75 species, spread in the Irano-Turanian area. Description Small, shrubby perennial plants with spiny leaves. Flowers white or pink, se ...
'', ''
Astragalus karakuschensis Astragalus may refer to: * ''Astragalus'' (plant), a large genus of herbs and small shrubs *Astragalus (bone), the talus or ankle bone See also *Astragal An astragal is a Moulding (decorative), moulding profile composed of a half-round surf ...
'', '' Vicia cappadocica'', '' Hipericum formosissimum'', ''
Crocus speciosus ''Crocus speciosus'', with common name Bieberstein's crocus, is a species of flowering plant in the genus ''Crocus'' of the family (biology), family Iridaceae. The plant is native plant, native to northern and central Turkey, the Caucasus, north ...
'', '' Gladiolus atroviolaceus'', ''
Iris caucasicus Iris most often refers to: *Iris (anatomy), part of the eye * Iris (color), an ambiguous color term *Iris (mythology), a Greek goddess * ''Iris'' (plant), a genus of flowering plants * Iris (given name), a feminine given name, and a list of peopl ...
'', '' Iris pseudocaucasica'', ''
Juglans regia ''Juglans regia'', known by various common names including the common walnut, English walnut, or Persian walnut amongst other names, is a species of walnut. It is native to Eurasia in at least southwest and central Asia and southeast Europe, ...
'', ''
Salvia grossheimii ''Salvia'' () is the largest genus of plants in the sage family Lamiaceae, with just under 1,000 species of shrubs, Herbaceous plant, herbaceous Perennial plant, perennials, and Annual plant, annuals. Within the Lamiaceae, ''Salvia'' is part o ...
'', '' Allium akkaka'', ''
Asphodeline dendroides ''Asphodeline'' is a genus of perennial plants in the family (biology), family Asphodelaceae, first described as a genus in 1830. It is native to the eastern Mediterranean region and the Middle East from Italy and Algeria east to Iran.Dobignard, ...
'', '' Secale vavilovii'', and ''
Triticum boeoticum Einkorn wheat (from German ''Einkorn'', literally "single grain") can refer to either a wild species of wheat (''Triticum'') or a domesticated form of wheat. The wild form is ''T. boeoticum'' (syn. ''T. m.'' subsp. ''boeoticum''), and the domes ...
''.


Fauna

The vicinity of Yelpin is known for its fauna, especially birds. The Red Book animals and birds are the following: ''
Ursus arctos syriacus The Syrian brown bear (''Ursus arctos syriacus'' or ''Ursus arctos arctos'') is a medium-sized and endangered subspecies of Eurasian brown bear native to the Middle East and West-Central Asia, particularly around the Caucasus Mountains. Charact ...
'', ''
Capra aegarus Capra may refer to: * Capra (genus), ''Capra'' (genus), comprising the goats * Capra (goat dance), a Romanian custom * Capra (titular see), a titular see in the Catholic Church * Capra (car), a pick-up brand from the Iranian Bahman Group People * ...
aegarus'', ''
Accipiter brevipes The Levant sparrowhawk (''Tachyspiza brevipes'') is a small bird of prey. It measures in length with a wingspan of . The female is larger than the male, but the difference is not as marked as with Eurasian sparrowhawk. The adult male is blue-gre ...
'', '' Ciraetus gallicus gallicus'', ''
Lanius senator The woodchat shrike (''Lanius senator'') is a member of the shrike family Laniidae. It can be identified by its red-brown crown and nape. It is mainly insectivorous and favours open wooded areas with scattered trees such as orchards, particularly ...
niloticus'', ''
Silvia hortensis Silvia () is a female given name of Latin origin, with a male equivalent Silvio and English-language cognate Sylvia (given name), Sylvia. The name originates from the Latin word for forest, ''Silva'', and its meaning is "spirit of the wood"; the m ...
crassirostris'', ''
Luscinia svecica The bluethroat (''Luscinia svecica'') is a small passerine bird that was formerly classed as a member of the Thrush (bird), thrush family Turdidae, but is now known to be an Old World flycatcher, in the family Muscicapidae. It, and similar small ...
accidentalis'', ''
Irania gutturalis The white-throated robin (''Irania gutturalis''), or irania, is a small, sexual dimorphism, sexually dimorphic, migratory passerine bird. The vernacular and genus name ''Irania'' alludes to Iran, its type locality (biology), type locality, while ...
'', '' Sitta tephronota obscura'', '' Tichodroma muraria'', '' Carposiza brachidactyla'', ''
Eumeces schnederi The genus ''Eumeces'' (family (biology), family Scincidae) comprises four African to Middle-Eastern skink species. Systematics Recently two taxonomic revisions have been made regarding the 19th century genus ''Eumeces''. They both resulted in si ...
'', ''
Mabuya aurata ''Mabuya'' is a genus of long-tailed skinks, lizards in the Family (biology), family Scincidae. The genus is restricted to species from various Caribbean islands. Out of 26 recognized species, six species are only found in Caribbean islands. Spec ...
'', and ''
Vipera raddei ''Montivipera raddei'', also known as the Armenian viper and by many other common names, is a species of venomous snake in the subfamily Viperinae of the Family (biology), family Viperidae. The species is Endemism, endemic to the Zagros Mountain ...
''.


Gallery

Yelpin Crag Stairs.jpg, Yelpin Crag Stairs Yelpin, Armenia panorama.jpg, Panorama of Yelpin in winter yelpin church.jpg, Yelpin Church built in 2005 Monasterio Noravank, Armenia, 2016-10-01, DD 29.jpg, St. Astvatsatsin Church of Noravank


References


External links


REC Caucasus. 2008. ''Sustainable Development of Mountain Communities in the Caucasus. Local Agenda 21.'' Report.World Gazeteer: Armenia
– World-Gazetteer.com *
Vayots Dzor MarzYeghegnadzorNoravank MonasteryMagili CavernsArjer CaveMozrov Cave
{{Authority control Populated places in Vayots Dzor Province Populated places established in 1828