Sergei Konstantinovich Tumansky (; – 9 September 1973) was a designer of

Soviet The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

aircraft engines and the chief designer in the Tumansky Design Bureau, OKB-300. He worked in TsIAM (1931–38 and in 1940), and at the aircraft-engine plant N 29, in

Zaporozhye Zaporizhzhia, formerly known as Aleksandrovsk or Oleksandrivsk until 1921, is a city in southeast Ukraine, situated on the banks of the Dnieper River. It is the administrative centre of Zaporizhzhia Oblast. Zaporizhzhia has a population of ...

. He also worked as a substitute main designer in OKB A.A. Mikulin beginning in 1943.

Biography

Sergei Tumansky was born in

Minsk Minsk (, ; , ) is the capital and largest city of Belarus, located on the Svislach (Berezina), Svislach and the now subterranean Nyamiha, Niamiha rivers. As the capital, Minsk has a special administrative status in Belarus and is the administra ...

, the Russian Empire, on May 21, 1901 and died, at age 73, in

Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...

, the Soviet Union, on September 9, 1973. He studied at the Vladimir school until joining the

Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union. The army was established in January 1918 by a decree of the Council of People ...

in 1918 where he took part in air operations on both fronts. In 1919 Sergey graduated from radio engineering school and served as a technician at the Petrogradskaya Military Technical School starting in 1921. 1927 saw Tumansky enter the

Zhukovsky Air Force Engineering Academy Zhukovsky Air Force Engineering Academy () – is a higher military educational institution for training and retraining of engineers for the Russian Aerospace Forces. The academy trains specialists – engineers, research engineers in the fol ...

where he worked with other engineers (Ponomarev, Fedorov, & Zenichkin) to develop the Tufsen aircraft engine, for which they were awarded the first place price for creativity in design. In 1931 he took a position as senior engineer at the

Baranov Central Institute of Aviation Motor Development The P. I. Baranov Central Institute of Aviation Motor Development (also known as the "Central Institute for Aviation Motor Development named after P. I. Baranov" or simply "Central Institute of Aviation Motors", CIAM or TsIAM, ''Tsentralniy Insti ...

, spending his time there engaged in aircraft engine construction and research, until being appointed as the chief designer at Aircraft Plant #29 in Zaporozhye in 1938, where the

Tumansky M-87 The Tumansky M-87 was a Soviet air-cooled aircraft radial engine that was developed in the late 1930s. It was a development of their licensed Gnome-Rhone 14K engines that started with the M-85. Development In 1934, USSR licensed the French ...

engine was developed under his supervision. In 1939 this plant developed the

Tumansky M-88 The Tumansky M-88 was an air-cooled radial engine for aircraft developed in the Soviet Union shortly before World War II. Design and development The M-88 was designed to address the shortcomings of the Tumansky M-87. The improvements incorpor ...

used on the

Ilyushin Il-4 The Ilyushin Il-4 (DB-3F) (; NATO reporting name: Bob) is a Soviet twin-engined long-range bomber and torpedo bomber, widely used by the Soviet Air Force and Soviet Naval Aviation during World War II. Design and development In 1938, the Ilyush ...

bomber.

Aleksandr Mikulin Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Mikulin (; 14 February 1895 – 13 May 1985) was a Soviet aircraft engine designer and chief designer in the Mikulin OKB. His achievements include the first Soviet liquid-cooled aircraft piston engine, the Mikulin AM-34, ...

invited Tumansky to work at Plant #300 in 1943 as Deputy Chief Designer, which he worked at for the next 30 years, developing the multiple piston and jet engines, including the

Tumansky R-11 The Tumansky R-11 (initially AM-11) is a Soviet Cold War-era turbojet engine. Design and development The Tumansky R-11 was developed by A.A. Mikulin, Sergei Tumansky, and B.S. Stechkin as a twin-spool axial-flow high-altitude non-afterburni ...

which powered the

Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 (; NATO reporting name: Fishbed) is a supersonic jet fighter and interceptor aircraft, designed by the Mikoyan-Gurevich Design Bureau in the Soviet Union. Its nicknames include: "''Balalaika''", because its planf ...

. After Mikulin's removal in 1956, Sergey was appointed as the General Constructor of the bureau, which has been renamed

OKB OKB () is a transliteration of the Russian initials for "" (), which translates to "Experimental Design Bureau." It could also mean or "Special Design Bureau" in english. During the Soviet era, OKBs were closed institutions working on design and ...

-300. Tumansky also served as a General Designer at the Soyuz Joint Experimental Plant. Around 1962 the Soyuz Joint Experimental Plant began development of liquid rocket motors to stabilize and orient spacecraft. That same year

Alexander Yakovlev Alexander Nikolayevich Yakovlev (; 2 December 1923 – 18 October 2005) was a Soviet and Russian politician, diplomat, and historian. A member of the Politburo and Secretariat of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union throughout the 1980s ...

proposed that OKB-300 create an engine for vertical take off in aircraft. Tumansky and his engineers modified an existing engine into the

Tumansky R-27-300 Sergei Konstantinovich Tumansky (; – 9 September 1973) was a designer of Soviet aircraft engines and the chief designer in the Tumansky Design Bureau, OKB-300. He worked in TsIAM (1931–38 and in 1940), and at the aircraft-engine plant N 29, ...

which was installed on a Yakovlev Yak-36. At the Domodedovo Aviation Parade in July, 1967, a demonstration was made of the new engine's

VTOL A vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft is one that can takeoff and landing, take off and land vertically without relying on a runway. This classification can include a variety of types of aircraft including helicopters as well as thrust- ...

capability. Further developments in this area led to the creation of the

Yakovlev Yak-38 The Yakovlev Yak-38 (; NATO reporting name: "Forger") was Soviet Naval Aviation's only operational VTOL strike fighter aircraft in addition to being its first operational carrier-based fixed-wing aircraft. It was developed specifically for, and ...

, which was fitted with a

Tumansky R-27V-300 Sergei Konstantinovich Tumansky (; – 9 September 1973) was a designer of Soviet aircraft engines and the chief designer in the Tumansky Design Bureau, OKB-300. He worked in TsIAM (1931–38 and in 1940), and at the aircraft-engine plant N 29, ...

and two

Rybinsk RD-36-35 The Rybinsk RD-36-35 was a small lift turbojet engine, designed for use on V/STOL aircraft at the Rybinsk Engine Design Bureau (RKBM), designed by Pyotr A. Kolesov. Very little is known of this engine, probably due to confusion with the simila ...

F engines. Tumansky was a specialist in the field of mechanics and machine building. He was a corresponding member of the

Soviet Academy of Sciences The Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union was the highest scientific institution of the Soviet Union from 1925 to 1991. It united the country's leading scientists and was subordinated directly to the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (un ...

for the department of mechanics and control processes from 26 June 1964, and then academician for the department of mechanics and control processes (machine building) from 26 November 1968. He was awarded different distinctions, among them

Lenin Prize The Lenin Prize (, ) was one of the most prestigious awards of the Soviet Union for accomplishments relating to science, literature, arts, architecture, and technology. It was originally created on June 23, 1925, and awarded until 1934. During ...

Lenin Order The Order of Lenin (, ) was an award named after Vladimir Lenin, the leader of the October Revolution. It was established by the Central Executive Committee on 6 April 1930. The order was the highest civilian decoration bestowed by the Soviet ...

and

Hero of Socialist Labour The Hero of Socialist Labour () was an Title of honor, honorific title in the Soviet Union and other Warsaw Pact countries from 1938 to 1991. It represented the highest degree of distinction in the USSR and was awarded for exceptional achievem ...

. Sergei Konstantinovich Tumansky died on 9 September, 1973 in Moscow, and was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.

Contributions

Some of the engines he worked on and/or designed include: * M-75 - Gnome-Rhône 9K Mistral built under license * M-85 - Gnome-Rhône 14K Mistral Major built under license *

M-86 M86 or M-86 may refer to: Ships * HMAS Diamantina (M 86), HMAS ''Diamantina'' (M 86), a ''Huon''-class minehunter in the Royal Australian Navy * INS Malpe, INS ''Malpe'' (M86), an Indian Naval minesweeper ship Transportation * M86 (Johannesburg), ...

- higher power version of M-85 with increased supercharging and a higher compression ratio *

- improved M-86 with more power *

- improved M-87 with more power *

Tumansky M-89 Sergei Konstantinovich Tumansky (; – 9 September 1973) was a designer of Soviet Union, Soviet aircraft engines and the chief designer in the Tumansky Design Bureau, OKB-300. He worked in Baranov_Central_Institute_of_Aviation_Motor_Development, ...

Tumansky M-90 The Tumansky M-90 was a prototype Soviet radial engine designed before World War II. It proved unreliable and incapable of reaching its designed output and was cancelled in 1944. Development The M-90 began development in the spring of 1939 under ...

- prototype two-row, 18 cylinder version of M-75; cancelled in 1944 as it was too underpowered and suffered numerous failures * Tumansky M-92 - prototype development of M-90, 1943 *

Tumansky RD-9 The Tumansky RD-9 (initially designated Mikulin AM-5) was an early Soviet turbojet engine, not based on pre-existing German or British designs. The AM-5, developed by scaling down the AM-3, was available in 1952 and completed testing in 1953; i ...

- initially known as Mikulin AM-5, renamed to RD-9 when Tumansky took over development * Tumansky RD-10 - designation given to captured examples and copies of the Junkers Jumo 004 *

- a twin-spool, axial-flow non-afterburning turbojet engine *

Tumansky R-13 The Tumansky R-13 is a Soviet turbojet engine designed by . Design and development The Tumansky R-13 is a development of the successful Tumansky R-11 engine. It is a two-spool axial-flow turbojet featuring a new five-stage high-pressure compress ...

- a twin-spool, axial-flow afterburning turbojet engine designed by Sergei Alekseevich Gavrilov, developed from the R-11 *

Tumansky R-15 The Tumansky R-15 is an axial-flow, single-shaft turbojet with an afterburner. Its best known use is on the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25. Design and development The R-15-300 was designed at the OKB-300 design bureau led by Sergei Tumansky in the lat ...

- an axial-flow, single shaft afterburning turbojet *

Tumansky R-21 The Tumansky R-21 was a Soviet turbojet engine of the 1960s. Used for development only, the project was canceled. Design and development The Tumansky R-21 was developed at Tushino motor plant (part of OKB-300), headed by Nikolai Georgievich ...

- projected twin-spool, axial-flow afterburning turbojet based on the R-11 *

Tumansky R-25 The Tumansky R-25 is a turbojet engine, which is seen as the ultimate development of Tumansky R-11. It was designed under the leadership of Sergei Alekseevich Gavrilov. Design and development The Tumansky R-25 was designed as a replacement for ...

- a twin-spool, axial-flow afterburning turbojet engine, the ultimate development of the Tumansky R-11 *

Tumansky R-29 The Tumansky R-29 is a Soviet turbojet aircraft engine that was developed in the early 1970s. It is generally described as being in the "third generation" of Soviet gas turbine engines which are characterized by high thrust-to-weight ratios and ...

Awards

(1957) *

winner (1957) * Gospremii of the USSR (1946) * Honorary Citizen Kuybyshev (1982) *

Order of Lenin The Order of Lenin (, ) was an award named after Vladimir Lenin, the leader of the October Revolution. It was established by the Central Executive Committee on 6 April 1930. The order was the highest civilian decoration bestowed by the Soviet ...

(4 times) *

Order of the October Revolution The Order of the October Revolution (, ''Orden Oktyabr'skoy Revolyutsii'') was instituted on 31 October 1967, in time for the 50th anniversary of the October Revolution. It was conferred upon individuals or groups for services furthering communis ...

Order of the Red Star The Order of the Red Star () was a military decoration of the Soviet Union. It was established by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 6 April 1930 but its statute was only defined in decree of the Presidium of the ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tumansky, Sergei Soviet aerospace engineers Soviet mechanical engineers Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences 1901 births 1973 deaths Soviet inventors Heroes of Socialist Labour People from Minsk Baranov Central Institute of Aviation Motors employees

Biography

Contributions

Awards

See also

References