''Tricholoma'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

fungus A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one ...

that contains many fairly fleshy white-spored

gilled mushrooms The Agaricales are an order of fungi in the division Basidiomycota. As originally conceived, the order contained all the agarics (gilled mushrooms), but subsequent research has shown that not all agarics are closely related and some belong in o ...

which are found worldwide generally growing in woodlands. These are ectomycorrhizal fungi, existing in a symbiotic relationship with various species of coniferous or broad-leaved trees. The generic name derives from and although only a few species (such as '' T. vaccinum'') have shaggy caps which fit this description. The most sought-out species are the East Asian '' T. matsutake'', also known as ''matsutake'' or ''songi'', and the North American '' Tricholoma magnivelare'' species complex, also known as "ponderosa mushroom", "American matsutake", or " pine mushroom". Others are safe to eat, such as '' T. terreum'', but there are a few poisonous members, such as '' T. pardinum'', '' T. tigrinum'' and '' T. equestre''. Many species originally described within ''Tricholoma'' have since been moved to other genera. These include the Wood blewit (''

Clitocybe nuda ''Collybia nuda'', commonly known as the blewit or wood blewit and previously described as ''Lepista nuda'' and ''Clitocybe nuda'', is a species of fungi. Described by Pierre Bulliard in 1790, it was also known as ''Tricholoma nudum'' for many ...

''), previously ''T. nudum'', blewit (''

Clitocybe saeva ''Collybia personata'' (also recognised as ''Lepista personata'', ''Lepista saeva'', ''Clitocybe saeva'' and ''Tricholoma personatum'', and commonly known as the field blewit and blue-leg) is a species of edible fungus commonly found growing in ...

''), previously ''T. personatum'', and St George's mushroom (''

Calocybe gambosa ''Calocybe gambosa'', commonly known as St. George's mushroom, is an edible mushroom that grows mainly in fields, grass verges and roadsides. Deriving its common name from when it first appears in the UK, namely on St George's Day (23 April). I ...

'') previously ''T. gambosum''. Tricholomalides are

neurotrophic Neurotrophic factors (NTFs) are a family of biomolecules – nearly all of which are peptides or small proteins – that support the growth, survival, and differentiation of both developing and mature neurons. Most NTFs exert their trop ...

diterpenoid Diterpenes are a class of terpenes composed of four isoprene units, often with the molecular formula C20H32. They are biosynthesized by plants, animals and fungi via the HMG-CoA reductase pathway, with geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate being a primar ...

s isolated from species of ''Tricholoma''. Tricholomalide A and B Structures

Species list

*'' Tricholoma acerbum'' – bitter knight *'' Tricholoma aestuans'' – acrid knight *'' Tricholoma albobrunneum'' *''

Tricholoma album ''Tricholoma album'', commonly known as the white knight, is an all-white mushroom of the large genus ''Tricholoma''. It is found in Europe, India, and possibly North America. The cap and gills are white. The whitish stipe has no ring. Taxonom ...

'' – white knight *'' Tricholoma apium'' – scented knight *'' Tricholoma argyraceum'' *'' Tricholoma arvernense'' – sovereign knight *'' Tricholoma atrosquamosum'' – dark-scaled knight *'' Tricholoma aurantium'' – orange knight *'' Tricholoma auratum'' – golden ''Tricholoma'' *'' Tricholoma bakamatsutake'' *''

Tricholoma batschii ''Tricholoma batschii'' is a species of fungus belonging to the family Tricholomataceae The Tricholomataceae are a large family of fungi within the order Agaricales. Originally a classic "wastebasket taxon", the family included any white-, yel ...

'' *'' Tricholoma cingulatum'' – girdled knight *'' Tricholoma colossus'' – giant knight *'' Tricholoma columbetta'' – blue spot knight, dove-coloured ''Tricholoma '' *'' Tricholoma equestre'' (previously ''T. flavovirens'') – yellow knight, Man-on-Horseback *'' Tricholoma focale'' - booted knight *''

Tricholoma fracticum ''Tricholoma'' is a genus of fungus that contains many fairly fleshy white-spored gilled mushrooms which are found worldwide generally growing in woodlands. These are ectomycorrhizal fungi, existing in a symbiotic relationship with various spec ...

'' *'' Tricholoma fucatum'' *'' Tricholoma fulvum'' – birch knight *'' Tricholoma huronense'' *'' Tricholoma imbricatum'' – matt knight *'' Tricholoma inamoenum'' – gassy knight *''

Tricholoma lascivum ''Tricholoma'' is a genus of fungus that contains many fairly fleshy white-spored Agaricales, gilled mushrooms which are found worldwide generally growing in woodlands. These are ectomycorrhizal fungus, ectomycorrhizal fungi, existing in a symbi ...

'' – aromatic knight *'' Tricholoma magnivelare'' – pine mushroom, American matsutake *''

Tricholoma matsutake , ''Tricholoma matsutake'', is a species of choice edible mycorrhizal mushroom that grows in Eurasia and North America. It is prized in Japanese cuisine for its distinct odor. Etymology The common name and specific epithet, ''matsutake'', i ...

'' – spicy knight, matsutake *'' Tricholoma mesoamericanum'' – Mexican matsutake, hongo blanco de ocote *'' Tricholoma murrillianum'' – Western matsutake *'' Tricholoma mutabile'' *'' Tricholoma myomyces'' *''

Tricholoma nigrum ''Tricholoma nigrum'' is a mushroom of the agaric genus ''Tricholoma''. It was species description, described as new to science in 1996 from a collection made on the Oregon Coast where it occurred with ''Pinus contorta''. It has also been found i ...

'' *'' Tricholoma orirubens'' *'' Tricholoma pardinum'' *'' Tricholoma pessundatum'' – tacked knight *'' Tricholoma populinum'' – poplar knight *'' Tricholoma portentosum'' – coalman *'' Tricholoma psammopus'' – larch knight *'' Tricholoma resplendens'' *'' Tricholoma robustum'' – robust knight *'' Tricholoma roseoacerbum'' *'' Tricholoma saponaceum'' – soapy knight, soap-scented toadstool *'' Tricholoma scalpturatum'' – yellowing knight *'' Tricholoma sciodes'' – beech knight *'' Tricholoma sejunctum'' – deceiving knight *'' Tricholoma squarrulosum'' *'' Tricholoma stans'' – upright knight *'' Tricholoma stiparophyllum'' - chemical knight *'' Tricholoma sulphurescens'' - yellow staining knight *'' Tricholoma sulphureum'' – sulphur knight, sulphur ''Tricholoma'', gas agaric *'' Tricholoma terreum'' (= ''T. myomyces'') – grey knight *'' Tricholoma tigrinum'' *'' Tricholoma ustale'' – burnt knight *'' Tricholoma ustaloides'' – charred knight *'' Tricholoma vaccinum'' – scaly knight, scaly ''Tricholoma'' *'' Tricholoma venenatum'' *'' Tricholoma virgatum'' – ashen knight, streaked ''Tricholoma'' *'' Tricholoma zangii''

References

Footnotes Citations

External links

Mushroom Expert – The Genus TricholomaMYCOLOGY/bionet.mycology Archives
{{Authority control Agaricales genera

Species list

See also

References

Further reading

External links