''Tapinella panuoides'', also known as oyster rollrim and as fan pax from its former binomial ''Paxillus panuoides'', is a species of

fungus A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one ...

in the genus '' Tapinella''.

Description

The mushroom has little or no stalk where it emerges from the substrate, with caps up to across. The

gills A gill () is a respiratory organ that many aquatic organisms use to extract dissolved oxygen from water and to excrete carbon dioxide. The gills of some species, such as hermit crabs, have adapted to allow respiration on land provided they are ...

appear to be crimped, forked, or crosshatched close to the base. The

spore print 300px, Making a spore print of the mushroom ''Volvariella volvacea'' shown in composite: (photo lower half) mushroom cap laid on white and dark paper; (photo upper half) cap removed after 24 hours showing warm orange ("tussock") color spore print. ...

ochre Ochre ( ; , ), iron ochre, or ocher in American English, is a natural clay earth pigment, a mixture of ferric oxide and varying amounts of clay and sand. It ranges in colour from yellow to deep orange or brown. It is also the name of the colou ...

Similar species

In North America it can be confused with poisonous western jack o'lanterns, edible chanterelle mushrooms, false chanterelles (''

Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca ''Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca'', commonly known as the false chanterelle, is a species of fungus in the family Hygrophoropsidaceae. Austrian naturalist Franz Xaver von Wulfen described the false chanterelle in 1781, noting both its resemblance w ...

''), '' Crepidotus'', or ''

Phyllotopsis ''Phyllotopsis'' is a genus of fungi in the family Phyllotopsidaceae. The widespread genus contain five species that occur predominantly in temperate regions. Species Source: References External links

* {{taxonbar , from=Q2707463 Aga ...

''.

Habitat

It grows on

conifer Conifers () are a group of conifer cone, cone-bearing Spermatophyte, seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms. Scientifically, they make up the phylum, division Pinophyta (), also known as Coniferophyta () or Coniferae. The division contains a sin ...

wood and in

lignin Lignin is a class of complex organic polymers that form key structural materials in the support tissues of most plants. Lignins are particularly important in the formation of cell walls, especially in wood and bark, because they lend rigidit ...

-rich

humus In classical soil science, humus is the dark organic matter in soil that is formed by the decomposition of plant and animal matter. It is a kind of soil organic matter. It is rich in nutrients and retains moisture in the soil. Humus is the Lati ...

Toxicity

Despite its pleasant taste, the species is

poisonous A poison is any chemical substance that is harmful or lethal to living organisms. The term is used in a wide range of scientific fields and industries, where it is often specifically defined. It may also be applied colloquially or figurati ...

Potential uses

Atromentin Atromentin is a natural chemical compound found in Agaricomycetes fungi in the orders Agaricales and Thelephorales. It can also be prepared by laboratory synthesis. Chemically, it is a polyphenol and a benzoquinone. Occurrences Atromentin has ...

is a phenolic compound. The first enzymes in its biosynthesis have been characterised in ''T. panuoides''.Characterization of the atromentin biosynthesis genes and enzymes in the homobasidiomycete ''Tapinella panuoides''. Patrick Schneider, Sarah Bouhired and Dirk Hoffmeister, Fungal Genetics and Biology, Volume 45, Issue 11, November 2008, pages 1487-1496,

References

External links

* Boletales Fungi described in 1931 Fungus species Poisonous fungi {{Boletales-stub