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The TEMPUS (Trans-European Mobility Programme for University Studies) is a program that encouraged higher education institutions in the EU Member States and partner countries to engage in structured cooperation through the establishment of "consortia". The "consortia" implemented Joint European Projects (JEPs) with a clear set of objectives to promote exchanges and mobility of teaching staff and trainers. Such projects could receive financial aid for two or three years. Tempus also provided Individual Mobility Grants (IMGs) to individuals working in the higher education sector to help them work on certain specified activities in other countries.Syrquin, Ari (16 July 2008)
"What's New in the EU: Tempus office opens in Jerusalem"
''
Jerusalem Post ''The Jerusalem Post'' is an English-language Israeli broadsheet newspaper based in Jerusalem, Israel, founded in 1932 during the British Mandate of Palestine by Gershon Agron as ''The Palestine Post''. In 1950, it changed its name to ''The Je ...
''. Retrieved 3 June 2013.
TEMPUS was adopted on 7 May 1990 by The Council of the European Communities. As of 1 January 2014, Tempus-like activities, namely capacity building activities, became part of a new cooperation programme called
Erasmus+ Erasmus+ is the European Commission's programme for education, training, youth, and sport for the 2021–2027 period, succeeding the previous programme (2014–2020). As an integrated programme, Erasmus+ offers more opportunities for the mobi ...
. These activities involve former Tempus member countries, in addition to countries from Latin America, Asia and Africa, the Caribbean and the Pacific.
"The future of the Tempus programme"
'' EU''. Retrieved 12 Jan 2015.


Member states

Participating countries of TEMPUS included: * The 27
member states A member state is a state that is a member of an international organization or of a federation or confederation. Since the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) include some members that are not sovereign states ...
of the European Union. Partnership countries (organized by region) include:
Europe Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east ...
: * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Asia Asia ( , ) is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population. It covers an area of more than 44 million square kilometres, about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which ...
: * * * * *
Central Asia Central Asia is a region of Asia consisting of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. The countries as a group are also colloquially referred to as the "-stans" as all have names ending with the Persian language, Pers ...
: * * * * *
Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...
: * * * (under negotiations) * *


Example projects

* Tambov State Technical University's Centre for International Specialist Training (CIST) runs a specialist training course, "English for Students, Lecturers and Administrators of Technical Universities", developed within the framework of TEMPUS.Shelenkova, Irina and Mishchenko, Elena (2012()
"Innovative Language Curricula at Tambov State Technical University"
Saratov State Technical University, ''International Conference on Information Technologies, International Conference on Information Technologies 2012''. Retrieved 3 June 2013.
* According to 2013 figures of the
Minister of Education An education minister (sometimes minister of education) is a position in the governments of some countries responsible for dealing with educational matters. Where known, the government department, ministry, or agency that develops policy and deli ...
between 1993 and 2013 40% of Ukrainian higher education establishments have participated in TEMPUS projects.40% of Ukrainian universities participate in EU Tempus program within 20 years, says education minister
Interfax-Ukraine Interfax-Ukraine () is a Ukrainian news agency. Founded in 1992, the company publishes in Ukrainian, Russian, English and German. The company owns a 50-seat press centre. The staff of the agency is 105 people (as of the end of February 2022) ...
(14 April 2013)
In 2008, TEMPUS opened offices in both
Jerusalem Jerusalem is a city in the Southern Levant, on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean and the Dead Sea. It is one of the List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest cities in the world, and ...
and
Ramallah Ramallah ( , ; ) is a Palestinians, Palestinian city in the central West Bank, that serves as the administrative capital of the State of Palestine. It is situated on the Judaean Mountains, north of Jerusalem, at an average elevation of abov ...
.


See also

*
Bologna Process file:Bologna-Prozess-Logo.svg, 96px, alt=Logo with stylized stars, Logo file:Bologna zone.svg, alt=Map of Europe, encompassing the entire Bologna zone, 256px, Bologna zone The Bologna Process is a series of ministerial meetings and agreements b ...
*
European Higher Education Area The European Higher Education Area (EHEA) was launched in March 2010, during the Budapest-Vienna Ministerial Conference, on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the Bologna Process. As the main objective of the Bologna Process since its incep ...
*
European Research Area The European Research Area (ERA) is a system of scientific research programs integrating the scientific resources of the European Union (EU). Since its inception in 2000, the structure has been concentrated on European cooperation in the fields of ...
* Erasmus Programme


References


Further reading

* Ayoubi, R.M. and Massoud, H. K. (2011). "Questioning the Role of Internationalization in the Nationalization of Higher Education: the Impact of the EU TEMPUS Programme on Higher Education in Syria", ''European Journal of Higher Education'', Vol 1, Issue 4, pp. 352–368. (Taylor and Francis, indexed by ERA)


External links


TEMPUS website of the European Commission
Academic transfer Educational policies and initiatives of the European Union {{EU-stub