Silvia Monfort (born Simone Marguerite Favre-Bertin; 6 June 1923 – 30 March 1991) was a French actress and theatre director. She was the daughter of the sculptor Charles-Maurice Favre-Bertin and the wife of Pierre Gruneberg. She was named a
Knight of the Legion of Honour
The National Order of the Legion of Honour (french: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour ('), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil. Established in 1802 by Napoleon, ...
Monfort was born in the neighborhood of Le Marais, on Rue Elzévir, a short distance from Rue de Thorigny, where she would set up her first theatre. Her family had lived in this Parisian neighbourhood for seven generations. Having lost her mother at an early age, she was sent to boarding school by her father. She undertook her secondary studies first at
lycée Victor Hugo ''Lycée Victor Hugo'' may refer to:
Schools in France:
*Lycée Victor Hugo, Paris
* Lycée Victor-Hugo de Besançon - Besançon
* Lycée Victor-Hugo de Caen ( FR) - Caen
* Lycée Victor-Hugo de Château-Gontier ( FR) - Château-Gontier
* Lycée In ...
baccalauréat
The ''baccalauréat'' (; ), often known in France colloquially as the ''bac'', is a French national academic qualification that students can obtain at the completion of their secondary education (at the end of the ''lycée'') by meeting certain ...
at 14 with special permission. Her father had intended for her career to be spent at the Gobelin manufactory, but she preferred the theatre and took classes with Jean Hervé and Jean Valcourt. In 1939, aged 16, she met
Maurice Clavel
Maurice Clavel () (1920-1979) was a French writer, journalist, and philosopher.
Youth
Maurice Clavel was born on 10 November 1920 in Frontignan, Hérault to a family headed by a father who was a pharmacist. This conservative milieu of small shop ...
, who directed the
Resistance
Resistance may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Comics
* Either of two similarly named but otherwise unrelated comic book series, both published by Wildstorm:
** ''Resistance'' (comics), based on the video game of the same title
** ''T ...
network in Eure-et-Loir. Under the pseudonym "Sinclair" (the name of a hill that looms over
Sète
Sète (; oc, Seta, ), also historically spelt ''Cette'' (official until 1928) and ''Sette'', is a commune in the Hérault department, in the region of Occitania, southern France. Its inhabitants are called ''Sétois'' (male) and ''Sétoises' ...
Chartres
Chartres () is the prefecture of the Eure-et-Loir department in the Centre-Val de Loire region in France. It is located about southwest of Paris. At the 2019 census, there were 170,763 inhabitants in the metropolitan area of Chartres (as d ...
in 1944. She was one of the notables who welcomed General De Gaulle on the square in front of the
Cathedral of Chartres
Chartres Cathedral, also known as the Cathedral of Our Lady of Chartres (french: Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Chartres), is a Roman Catholic church in Chartres, France, about southwest of Paris, and is the seat of the Bishop of Chartres. Mostly con ...
. Once the war ended, she married Maurice Clavel. She was decorated with the
Croix de Guerre
The ''Croix de Guerre'' (, ''Cross of War'') is a military decoration of France. It was first created in 1915 and consists of a square-cross medal on two crossed swords, hanging from a ribbon with various degree pins. The decoration was first awa ...
In 1945, she gained repute for acting in Federico García Lorca's play '' La casa de Bernarda Alba''. Her personality drew the attention of Edwige Feuillère, whose reader she became in '' L'Aigle à deux têtes'' by Jean Cocteau. The play was first presented in 1946 at the Royal Theatre of the Galeries Royales of Saint-Hubert in Brussels, where she met with high praise and sizeable success. After performances in Lyon, the play had its Parisian premiere at the Théâtre Hébertot, followed by performances at
La Fenice
Teatro La Fenice (, "The Phoenix") is an opera house in Venice, Italy. It is one of "the most famous and renowned landmarks in the history of Italian theatre" and in the history of opera as a whole. Especially in the 19th century, La Fenice beca ...
in
Venice
Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto Regions of Italy, region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 ...
Jean Vilar
Jean Vilar (25 March 1912– 28 May 1971) was a French actor and theatre director.
Vilar trained under actor and theatre director Charles Dullin, then toured with an acting company throughout France. His directorial career began in 1943 in a sma ...
in 1947 and participated in the
Théâtre National Populaire
The Théâtre national populaire (French for ''People's National Theater'') is a theatre now at Villeurbanne, France. It was founded in 1920 by Firmin Gémier in Paris.
Today, the TNP has a company of ten resident actors and the building is ...
(TNP). She participated in the first Festival d'Avignon with ''The Story of Tobias and Sarah'' (1947). Alongside Gérard Philipe, she played Chimène in '' Le Cid'', performed at Chaillot, and subsequently went on tour across Europe (1954). Next, she played with Vilar in '' Cinna'' and ''
The Marriage of Figaro
''The Marriage of Figaro'' ( it, Le nozze di Figaro, links=no, ), K. 492, is a ''commedia per musica'' (opera buffa) in four acts composed in 1786 by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, with an Italian libretto written by Lorenzo Da Ponte. It premie ...
''.
Cinema
Monfort made her film debut in
Les Anges du péché
''Angels of Sin'' (original French title: ''Les anges du péché'') was the first feature film directed by Robert Bresson. Made in 1943, nine years after his comedy short '' Public Affairs'', it was Bresson's only film released during the German ...
'. Director Robert Bresson had hired her without knowing she was an actress, as he was looking for non-professionals for his film. In 1948, she played the role of Édith de Berg in the cinematic adaptation of '' L'Aigle à deux têtes'' by Cocteau with Feuillère and
Jean Marais
Jean-Alfred Villain-Marais (11 December 1913 – 8 November 1998), known professionally as Jean Marais (), was a French actor, film director, theatre director, painter, sculptor, visual artist, writer and photographer. He performed in over 100 f ...
.
In
1955
Events January
* January 3 – José Ramón Guizado becomes president of Panama.
* January 17 – , the first nuclear-powered submarine, puts to sea for the first time, from Groton, Connecticut.
* January 18– 20 – Battle of Yijian ...
,
Agnès Varda
Agnès Varda (; born Arlette Varda; 30 May 1928 – 29 March 2019) was a Belgian-born French film director, screenwriter, photographer, and artist. Her pioneering work was central to the development of the widely influential French New Wave film ...
, then a photographer at the TNP, directed her first film, '' La Pointe Courte'', one of the first of the New Wave. Varda remembers Monfort in the film as "Curious and a pioneer by nature, she threw herself into the project with delight and discipline. I really think she was happy to fight for a cinema of the future."
Separated from Maurice Clavel, Silvia Monfort shared her life with and participated in the films of director Jean-Paul Le Chanois. Despite her having an arm in a plaster cast, he insisted that she play a Polish prisoner with François Périer and Pierre Fresnay in a film inspired by a true story called ''Les Évadés''. She then co-starred with Jean Gabin and Nicole Courcel in ''Le Cas du Docteur Laurent'', a film advocating for painless childbirth (1957), and then in Le Chanois' film ''Par-dessus le'' Mur (1961), which dealt with parent-child relations. In two films dealing with social conditions, she was Eponine of '' Les Misérables'', alongside Gabin and Bourvil (1958), and then the Gypsy girl, Myrtille, in '' Mandrin'' beside Georges Rivière and Georges Wilson. This film concluded her cinematic career and her relationship with Le Chanois in 1962.
On the road
During the 1960s, Silvia Monfort was passionate about cultural decentralization and, thus, set out on the road with Jean Danet and her Tréteaux de France. She actively participated in this experiment, seeing that new and contemporary plays were staged alternately with the classical repertoire. On 23 June 1965, Silvia wrote to Pierre Gruneberg: "I've convinced Danet to schedule for September a series of performances of ''
the Prostitute
''Ying Khon Chua'' ( th, หญิงคนชั่ว, lit=the wicked woman), translated into English as ''The Prostitute'', is a Thai novel by Ko Surangkhanang. First published in 1937, it initially caused controversy in Thailand's developin ...
'' and of ''
Suddenly, Last Summer
''Suddenly Last Summer'' is a one-act play by Tennessee Williams, written in New York in 1957. It opened off Broadway on January 7, 1958, as part of a double bill with another of Williams' one-acts, '' Something Unspoken'' (written in London i ...
'' under a big top around Paris (in this way the inconvenient returning directors will be able to come see it there if they need to). Oh, I would have done what I could".
She wrote at least once, sometimes several times a day, to her companion Pierre Gruneberg. In the collection of this correspondence, ''Letters to Pierre'', Danielle Netter, assistant director, adds: "The Tréteaux de France was an extraordinary theatrical tool that gave us the occasion to present Sophocles and other dramatic poets before the tenants of the
HLM
An habitation à loyer modéré (HLM, , ), is a form of low-income housing in France, Algeria, Senegal, and Quebec. It may be public or private, with rent subsidies.
HLMs constitute 16% of all housing in France.
Tragedienne
Monfort explored ancient and modern theatrical repertoires for nearly half a century, whether with the Tréteaux, in festivals, in private theatres, and later in her Carrés. She acted in no less than five versions of '' Phèdre'' in different theatres as well as on television. She interpreted numerous works of Racine and Corneille. She performed Sophocles' ''
Electra
Electra (; grc, Ήλέκτρα) is one of the most popular mythological characters in tragedies.Evans (1970), p. 79 She is the main character in two Greek tragedies, '' Electra'' by Sophocles and '' Electra'' by Euripides. She is also the centra ...
'' in the most incongruous places, such as the "trou des Halles" in Paris in 1970.
She acted in the plays and theatrical adaptations of
Maurice Clavel
Maurice Clavel () (1920-1979) was a French writer, journalist, and philosopher.
Youth
Maurice Clavel was born on 10 November 1920 in Frontignan, Hérault to a family headed by a father who was a pharmacist. This conservative milieu of small shop ...
, such as ''The Isle of Goats'' and ''The Noon Terrace''. She was directed by Roger Planchon at Villeurbanne in 1959 in ''Love's Second Surprise'' and by Luchino Visconti in Paris in 1961 in ''
'Tis Pity She's a Whore
''Tis Pity She's a Whore'' (original spelling: ''Tis Pitty Shee's a Who'' 'ore'') is a tragedy written by John Ford. It was first performed or between 1629 and 1633, by Queen Henrietta's Men at the Cockpit Theatre. The play was first publis ...
'' beside
Alain Delon
Alain Fabien Maurice Marcel Delon (; born 8 November 1935) is a French actor and filmmaker. He was one of Europe's most prominent actors and screen sex symbols in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. In 1985, he won the César Award for Best Actor for h ...
Suddenly, Last Summer
''Suddenly Last Summer'' is a one-act play by Tennessee Williams, written in New York in 1957. It opened off Broadway on January 7, 1958, as part of a double bill with another of Williams' one-acts, '' Something Unspoken'' (written in London i ...
'' (1965) by Tennessee Williams. She incarnated the Sphinx of Cocteau's ''The Infernal Machine'' in festivals as well as on television with Claude Giraud in 1963. She was ''
The Respectful Prostitute
''The Respectful Prostitute'' (french: La Putain respectueuse) is a French play by Jean-Paul Sartre, written in 1946, which observes a woman, a prostitute, caught up in a racially tense period of American history. The audience understands that t ...
Lucrezia Borgia
Lucrezia Borgia (; ca-valencia, Lucrècia Borja, links=no ; 18 April 1480 – 24 June 1519) was a Spanish-Italian noblewoman of the House of Borgia who was the daughter of Pope Alexander VI and Vannozza dei Cattanei. She reigned as the Govern ...
'' in
Victor Hugo
Victor-Marie Hugo (; 26 February 1802 – 22 May 1885) was a French Romantic writer and politician. During a literary career that spanned more than sixty years, he wrote in a variety of genres and forms. He is considered to be one of the great ...
(1975), Marguerite de Bourgogne in ''The Tower of Nesle'' by
Alexandre Dumas, père
Alexandre Dumas (, ; ; born Dumas Davy de la Pailleterie (), 24 July 1802 – 5 December 1870), also known as Alexandre Dumas père (where ''Suffix (name)#Generational titles, '' is French language, French for 'father', to distinguish him from ...
(1986), Alarica in ''The Evil Is Spreading'' (1963), ''
Maid
A maid, or housemaid or maidservant, is a female domestic worker. In the Victorian era domestic service was the second largest category of employment in England and Wales, after agricultural work. In developed Western nations, full-time maids ...
'' in
Jacques Audiberti
Jacques Séraphin Marie Audiberti (March 25, 1899 – July 10, 1965) was a French playwright, poet and novelist and exponent of the Theatre of the Absurd.
Audiberti was born in Antibes, France, the son of Louis Audiberti, a master mason, and hi ...
(1971), Ethel in ''The Rosenbergs Should Not Die'' (1968) by
Alain Decaux
Alain Decaux (23 July 1925 − 27 March 2016) was a French historian. He was elected to the Académie française on 15 February 1979.
In 2005, he was, with others authors as Frédéric Beigbeder, Mohamed Kacimi, Richard Millet and Jean-Pierre Th ...
Henrik Ibsen
Henrik Johan Ibsen (; ; 20 March 1828 – 23 May 1906) was a Norwegian playwright and theatre director. As one of the founders of modernism in theatre, Ibsen is often referred to as "the father of realism" and one of the most influential playw ...
(1976), and then The Lady from the Sea' (1977). To celebrate the centenary of Cocteau's birth, she appeared for the last time on the Vaugirard stage in ''The Two Ways'' in 1989.
In 1972, Monfort described her favorite roles: "Gérard Philippe, whose Chimène I was, had a habit of replying that his favorite role was his next. For me, the one that I am playing fulfills me. Imagine! What marvelous relations between an actor and his character. They see each other every day, but they also know that it's not forever, so they have to work twice as hard. Certain characters have more of an affinity for us. I have always felt myself closer to adolescents thirsting for the absolute than to women with divided hearts. I prefer Electra to Clytemnestra. I was wildly in love with Alarica from ''The Evil Is Spreading'', Éponine from ''Les Misérables'' and recently ''The Maid'' by Audiberti. But this doesn't prevent me from knowing beautiful stories about those whom I wouldn't play. Of all the heroines, the one who perhaps excited me most was the queen of the Amazons, Penthesilea. When she thought herself defeated by Achilles, she refused to follow him into his kingdom. She wanted him to be king in her land. So she tore him up with her nails, devoured him with her teeth, and said: ''All women swear to their lovers: I will eat you as long as I love you – well, I did it.''"
''Phèdre''
Silvia Monfort figures among the most influential performers of ''Phèdre''. A study by the
CNRS
The French National Centre for Scientific Research (french: link=no, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, CNRS) is the French state research organisation and is the largest fundamental science agency in Europe.
In 2016, it employed 31,637 ...
about the great tragediennes who have incarnated this character in the 20th century was published in ''Pour la Science'', the French version of '' Scientific American''. This study analyzed the relationship between the pauses and the versified text as well as the fluctuations in delivery and demonstrated that Silvia Monfort made the most important use of them (92% of pauses and 3.8 syllables/minute) in relation to other tragic actresses (
Sarah Bernhardt
Sarah Bernhardt (; born Henriette-Rosine Bernard; 22 or 23 October 1844 – 26 March 1923) was a French stage actress who starred in some of the most popular French plays of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, including '' La Dame Aux Camel ...
,
Marie Bell
Marie Bell (23 December 1900 – 14 August 1985), born Marie-Jeanne Bellon-Downey, was a French tragedian, comic actor and stage director. She was the director of the Théâtre du Gymnase in Paris from 1962 onwards, and this theatre now bear ...
,
Nada Strancar
Nada may refer to:
Culture
* Nāda, a concept in ancient Indian metaphysics
Places
*Nada, Hainan, China
*Nada, Kentucky, an unincorporated community in the United States
*Nada, Nepal, village in Achham District, Seti Zone
* Nada, Texas, United S ...
and
Natacha Amal
Natacha Amal (born 4 September 1968) is a Belgian actress.
Personal life
Amal was born on 4 September 1968 to a Moroccan father and a Russian mother in Brussels, Belgium. She was married to Claude Rappe in 1997, but the couple divorced in 200 ...
); this characteristic of her acting contributed to give Silvia Monfort's interpretation an exceptional quality of psychological depth and emotion.
She said of her character in 1973: "Phèdre burns in each one of us. We have hardly grasped the image in the mirror when she dims, and the imminence of this obliteration sharpens the acuteness of the reflection ��What matters is that there has been a meeting in mystery even from the first reading. It is like desire, or rather it is present in the look that provokes it, or rather there will never be unison. All the opinions, competent, imperious, singular, that were offered to me on the subject of Phèdre, and to which I listened intensely, had no other result with me than to lead me back to my Phèdre, despite her long being hazy, with the obviousness of a pawn moving back to the first square on a board game ��this is the wonder of Phèdre: to tackle it is to resign oneself to it."Program of ''Phèdre'' at the Carré Thorigny, 1973.
Circus and mime school
In 1972, with the support of
Jacques Duhamel
Ancient and noble French family names, Jacques, Jacq, or James are believed to originate from the Middle Ages in the historic northwest Brittany region in France, and have since spread around the world over the centuries. To date, there are over ...
, then Minister of Cultural Affairs, she set up and directed the ''Carré Thorigny'' Rue de Thorigny in the neighborhood of Le Marais in Paris, where she put on multidisciplinary shows. She was especially interested in the circus world and organized an exhibit entitled ''Circus in Color,'' which met with success. Following her contacts with circus people and meeting with Alexis Gruss, she organized old-style circus performances in the courtyard of the Hôtel Salé, in front of the Carré. The public's fancy led Monfort and Gruss to set up (in 1974) the first circus and mime school in France, ''L'école au Carré''. They wanted to highlight the nobility of the circus's origins and were involved in bringing to life an updated old-style circus. The Gruss circus followed Monfort in her next moves until it became a national circus in 1982.
At the Carré Thorigny,
Alain Decaux
Alain Decaux (23 July 1925 − 27 March 2016) was a French historian. He was elected to the Académie française on 15 February 1979.
In 2005, he was, with others authors as Frédéric Beigbeder, Mohamed Kacimi, Richard Millet and Jean-Pierre Th ...
awarded Monfort the Legion of Honor in 1973, paying homage to "her passion for the theatre and the inflexible will with which she serves it."
The Carré had to leave Rue de Thorigny in 1974 because of a property transaction. Monfort thus transferred her ''Nouveau Carré'' into the old théâtre de la Gaîté-Lyrique. It opened on 1 October 1974, and she set up the Gruss circus's big top in the square in front of the theatre. The Nouveau Carré (officially the ''Centre d'Action Culturelle de Paris'') — or "Paris Cultural Center" — eventually encompassed the main theatre, two smaller houses for music and more intimate shows, the circus, a circus school, and a mime school. From 1978 to 1979, the circus, which had grown in importance, was moved under a new big top in the Jardin d'Acclimatation. In 1980, the Gaîté Lyrique theatre had to be renovated, and she had to move her Carré (now Carré-Silvia Monfort) onto the site of the former abattoirs of Vaugirard, where she set up the theatre under a specially built big top, and brought along the Gruss circus's big top. The circus school was moved to another facility. Meanwhile, lacking funds, the project of renovating the Gaîté-Lyrique was abandoned.
She continued working to establish a permanent "Carré" at Vaugirard on the site of and in place of the big tops. The decision to build the theatre as it is today was taken in 1986. On 7 March 1989, she wrote: "This will be my theatre. Even so, incredible! I don't know a single living person for whom his own theatre was built, with his name and of the right size." But she died a few months before its completion. Inaugurated in 1992, it bears her name: Théâtre Silvia-Monfort.
She died on 30 March 1991 of lung cancer in Courchevel.
The Silvia Monfort Prize
Pierre Gruneberg, who became Silvia Monfort's lover in 1963 and married her on 24 May 1990, founded the Silvia Monfort Prize Association in 1996. This prize is issued every two years to a young actress by a professional jury. Since its inception, the prizewinners have been:
# Smadi Wolfman (1996)
# Rachida Brakni (1998)
# Mona Abdel Hadi (2000)
# Isabelle Joly (2002)
# Marion Bottolier (2004)
# Gina Ndjemba (2006)
Work
Filmography
*
1943
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured.
* January 4 – ...
Renée Faure
Renée Faure (born Reneé Paule Nanine Faure; November 4, 1918 – May 2, 2005) was a French stage and film actress.
Early life
Renée Faure was born Reneé Paule Nanine Faure on November 4, 1918 in Paris, France. Her father was René Faur ...
) - Agnès
*
1947
It was the first year of the Cold War, which would last until 1991, ending with the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Events
January
* January–February – Winter of 1946–47 in the United Kingdom: The worst snowfall in the country in ...
1948
Events January
* January 1
** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated.
** The Constitution of New Jersey (later subject to amendment) goes into effect.
** The railways of Britain are nationalized, to form British ...
Jean Marais
Jean-Alfred Villain-Marais (11 December 1913 – 8 November 1998), known professionally as Jean Marais (), was a French actor, film director, theatre director, painter, sculptor, visual artist, writer and photographer. He performed in over 100 f ...
) - Édith de Berg
*
1949
Events
January
* January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2022.
* January 2 – Luis ...
Jean Delannoy
Jean Delannoy (12 January 1908 – 18 June 2008) was a French actor, film editor, screenwriter and film director.
Biography
Although Delannoy was born in a Paris suburb, his family was from Haute-Normandie in the north of France. He was a P ...
) (with
Jean Marais
Jean-Alfred Villain-Marais (11 December 1913 – 8 November 1998), known professionally as Jean Marais (), was a French actor, film director, theatre director, painter, sculptor, visual artist, writer and photographer. He performed in over 100 f ...
) - L'archiduchesse Stéphanie
*
1955
Events January
* January 3 – José Ramón Guizado becomes president of Panama.
* January 17 – , the first nuclear-powered submarine, puts to sea for the first time, from Groton, Connecticut.
* January 18– 20 – Battle of Yijian ...
1955
Events January
* January 3 – José Ramón Guizado becomes president of Panama.
* January 17 – , the first nuclear-powered submarine, puts to sea for the first time, from Groton, Connecticut.
* January 18– 20 – Battle of Yijian ...
Agnès Varda
Agnès Varda (; born Arlette Varda; 30 May 1928 – 29 March 2019) was a Belgian-born French film director, screenwriter, photographer, and artist. Her pioneering work was central to the development of the widely influential French New Wave film ...
1956
Events
January
* January 1 – The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Anglo-Egyptian Condominium ends in Sudan.
* January 8 – Operation Auca: Five U.S. evangelical Christian Missionary, missionaries, Nate Saint, Roger Youderian, Ed McCully, Jim ...
Dimitri Kirsanoff
Dimitri Kirsanoff (russian: Димитрий Кирсанов, né Markus David Sussmanovitch Kaplan, Маркус Давид Зусманович Каплан; 6 March 1899 – 11 February 1957) was an early film-maker working in France, someti ...
1956
Events
January
* January 1 – The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Anglo-Egyptian Condominium ends in Sudan.
* January 8 – Operation Auca: Five U.S. evangelical Christian Missionary, missionaries, Nate Saint, Roger Youderian, Ed McCully, Jim ...
Jean Vilar
Jean Vilar (25 March 1912– 28 May 1971) was a French actor and theatre director.
Vilar trained under actor and theatre director Charles Dullin, then toured with an acting company throughout France. His directorial career began in 1943 in a sma ...
)
*
1957
1957 ( MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1957th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 957th year of the 2nd millennium, the 57th year of the 20th century, and the 8th y ...
1958
Events
January
* January 1 – The European Economic Community (EEC) comes into being.
* January 3 – The West Indies Federation is formed.
* January 4
** Edmund Hillary's Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition completes the third ...
1959
Events January
* January 1 - Cuba: Fulgencio Batista flees Havana when the forces of Fidel Castro advance.
* January 2 - Lunar probe Luna 1 was the first man-made object to attain escape velocity from Earth. It reached the vicinity of E ...
1960
It is also known as the "Year of Africa" because of major events—particularly the independence of seventeen African nations—that focused global attention on the continent and intensified feelings of Pan-Africanism.
Events
January
* Ja ...
: ''
La Française et l'amour
''Love and the Frenchwoman'' is the US title of a 1960 French anthology film originally entitled ''La française et l'amour''. It starred Jean-Paul Belmondo and Dany Robin.
The movie was a big hit in France with admissions of 3,056,736.
Martine Carol
Martine Carol (born Marie-Louise Jeanne Nicolle Mourer; 16 May 1920 – 6 February 1967) was a French film actress.
Career
Born Maryse Mourer (or Marie-Louise Jeanne Nicolle Mourer) in Saint-Mandé, Val-de-Marne, (France), she studied acting und ...
) - Gilberte Dumas (segment "Femme seule, La")
*
1961
Events January
* January 3
** United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower announces that the United States has severed diplomatic and consular relations with Cuba ( Cuba–United States relations are restored in 2015).
** Aero Flight 311 ...
1962
Events January
* January 1 – Western Samoa becomes independent from New Zealand.
* January 3 – Pope John XXIII excommunicates Fidel Castro for preaching communism.
* January 8 – Harmelen train disaster: 93 die in the wors ...
1963
Events January
* January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Cov ...
: ''L'itinéraire marin'' (by Jean Rollin)
*
1970
Events
January
* January 1 – Unix time epoch reached at 00:00:00 UTC.
* January 5 – The 7.1 Tonghai earthquake shakes Tonghai County, Yunnan province, China, with a maximum Mercalli intensity scale, Mercalli intensity of X (''Extrem ...
: ''Le revolver et la rose'' (by Jean Desvilles)
*
1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
1978
Events January
* January 1 – Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes off the coast of Bombay, killing 213.
* January 5 – Bülent Ecevit, of Republican People's Party, CHP, forms the new government of Turkey (42nd go ...
: ''Nuova Colonia'' (by Patrick Bureau) - La Spera
L'Histoire de Tobie et de Sara
''L’Histoire de Tobie et de Sara'' is a three-act theatre play by Paul Claudel.
A first version was written in 1938, a second one in 1953. This play draws from the Book of Tobit.
Mises en scène
* 1947 : Maurice Cazeneuve, 1st festival d’A ...
Maurice Clavel
Maurice Clavel () (1920-1979) was a French writer, journalist, and philosopher.
Youth
Maurice Clavel was born on 10 November 1920 in Frontignan, Hérault to a family headed by a father who was a pharmacist. This conservative milieu of small shop ...
Maurice Clavel
Maurice Clavel () (1920-1979) was a French writer, journalist, and philosopher.
Youth
Maurice Clavel was born on 10 November 1920 in Frontignan, Hérault to a family headed by a father who was a pharmacist. This conservative milieu of small shop ...
(Théâtre Marigny)
* 1951: ''
Electra
Electra (; grc, Ήλέκτρα) is one of the most popular mythological characters in tragedies.Evans (1970), p. 79 She is the main character in two Greek tragedies, '' Electra'' by Sophocles and '' Electra'' by Euripides. She is also the centra ...
Maurice Clavel
Maurice Clavel () (1920-1979) was a French writer, journalist, and philosopher.
Youth
Maurice Clavel was born on 10 November 1920 in Frontignan, Hérault to a family headed by a father who was a pharmacist. This conservative milieu of small shop ...
(Mardis de l'œuvre, Théâtre des Noctambules)
* 1952: ''Les Radis creux'' by Jean Meckert (Théâtre de Poche)
* 1952: ''
Doña Rosita la soltera
Don (; ; pt, Dom, links=no ; all from Latin ', roughly 'Lord'), abbreviated as D., is an honorific prefix primarily used in Spain and Hispanic America, and with different connotations also in Italy, Portugal and its former colonies, and Croatia ...
'' by Federico García Lorca (Mardis de l'œuvre, Théâtre des Noctambules)
* 1953: ''The Isle of Goats'' by Ugo Betti, adaptation by
Maurice Clavel
Maurice Clavel () (1920-1979) was a French writer, journalist, and philosopher.
Youth
Maurice Clavel was born on 10 November 1920 in Frontignan, Hérault to a family headed by a father who was a pharmacist. This conservative milieu of small shop ...
Marie Stuart Mary Stuart or Mary Stewart may refer to:
People
*Mary Stewart, Countess of Buchan (before 1428–1465), fifth daughter of James I of Scotland, 1st Countess of Buchan
*Mary of Guelders (c. 1434–1463), queen to James II of Scotland
*Mary Stewart, ...
'' by
Friedrich Schiller
Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller (, short: ; 10 November 17599 May 1805) was a German playwright, poet, and philosopher. During the last seventeen years of his life (1788–1805), Schiller developed a productive, if complicated, friends ...
(Théâtre du Vieux-Colombier)
* 1956: ''
The Marriage of Figaro
''The Marriage of Figaro'' ( it, Le nozze di Figaro, links=no, ), K. 492, is a ''commedia per musica'' (opera buffa) in four acts composed in 1786 by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, with an Italian libretto written by Lorenzo Da Ponte. It premie ...
'' by Beaumarchais ( TNP)
* 1957: ''Pitié pour les héros'' by M.A. Baudy (Comédie de Paris)
* 1959: ''Love's Second Surprise'' by Marivaux (Villeurbanne)
* 1959: ''Bérénice'' by Racine (Festival de Dijon)
* 1959: ''La Machine infernale'' by Jean Cocteau (Festival de Vaison-la-Romaine)
* 1959: '' Lady Godiva'' by Jean Canolle (Festivals, Théâtre Moderne, Théâtre Édouard VII)
* 1960: ''
Edward II
Edward II (25 April 1284 – 21 September 1327), also called Edward of Caernarfon, was King of England and Lord of Ireland from 1307 until he was deposed in January 1327. The fourth son of Edward I, Edward became the heir apparent to t ...
'' by Christopher Marlowe (Villeurbanne)
* 1960: ''Love's Second Surprise'' by Marivaux (Villeurbanne)
* 1960: ''Si la foule nous voit ensemble'' by Claude Bal (Théâtre de Paris)
* 1960: '' Arden of Faversham'' (Festivals de Dijon et de Vaison-la-Romaine)
* 1960: '' Phèdre'' by Racine (Théâtre du Vieux-Colombier, tournée Européenne)
* 1961: ''
'Tis Pity She's a Whore
''Tis Pity She's a Whore'' (original spelling: ''Tis Pitty Shee's a Who'' 'ore'') is a tragedy written by John Ford. It was first performed or between 1629 and 1633, by Queen Henrietta's Men at the Cockpit Theatre. The play was first publis ...
'' by John Ford (Théâtre de Paris)
* 1962: '' The Oresteia'' by Aeschylus, adaptation by Paul Claudel
* 1962: ''La Nuit de feu'' by Marcelle Maurette (Port-Royal)
* 1962: ''Helen'' by Euripides, adaptation by Jean Canolle (Narbonne)
* 1962: ''Horace'' by Corneille (Scala de Milan)
* 1963: ''The Evil Is Spreading'' by
Jacques Audiberti
Jacques Séraphin Marie Audiberti (March 25, 1899 – July 10, 1965) was a French playwright, poet and novelist and exponent of the Theatre of the Absurd.
Audiberti was born in Antibes, France, the son of Louis Audiberti, a master mason, and hi ...
(Théâtre La Bruyère)
* 1963: ''The Governess'' by Vitaliano Brancati (Théâtre en Rond)
* 1963: ''Marie Stuart'' by
Friedrich Schiller
Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller (, short: ; 10 November 17599 May 1805) was a German playwright, poet, and philosopher. During the last seventeen years of his life (1788–1805), Schiller developed a productive, if complicated, friends ...
(Les Nuits de Bourgogne)
* 1964: ''Life Is but a Dream'' by Pedro Calderón de la Barca (Festival d'Annecy)
* 1964: ''Julius Caesar'' by Shakespeare (Théâtre Sarah Bernhardt, Lyon)
* 1964: ''Catharsis'' by Michel Parent (Dijon)
* 1965: ''Suddenly, Last Summer'' by Tennessee Williams (Tréteaux de France, Mathurins)
* 1965: ''The Respectful Prostitute'' by Jean-Paul Sartre (Tréteaux de France, Mathurins)
* 1965: ''The Story of Tobias and Sarah'' by Paul Claudel (Les Nuits de Bourgogne)
* 1965: ''
Electra
Electra (; grc, Ήλέκτρα) is one of the most popular mythological characters in tragedies.Evans (1970), p. 79 She is the main character in two Greek tragedies, '' Electra'' by Sophocles and '' Electra'' by Euripides. She is also the centra ...
'' by Sophocles, adaptation de Maurice Clavel (Festival d'Annecy, Tréteaux de France)
* 1965: ''Enemies'' by Maxim Gorky (Théâtre des Amandiers Nanterre)
* 1965: '' La Surprise de l'amour'' by Marivaux (Théâtre des Amandiers Nanterre, festivals)
* 1966: ''
Electra
Electra (; grc, Ήλέκτρα) is one of the most popular mythological characters in tragedies.Evans (1970), p. 79 She is the main character in two Greek tragedies, '' Electra'' by Sophocles and '' Electra'' by Euripides. She is also the centra ...
'' by Sophocles, adaptation de Maurice Clavel (Mathurins)
* 1966: ''The Evil Is Spreading'' by
Jacques Audiberti
Jacques Séraphin Marie Audiberti (March 25, 1899 – July 10, 1965) was a French playwright, poet and novelist and exponent of the Theatre of the Absurd.
Audiberti was born in Antibes, France, the son of Louis Audiberti, a master mason, and hi ...
(Tréteaux de France)
* 1966: ''Suddenly, Last Summer'' by Tennessee Williams (Tréteaux de France, Mathurins)
* 1966: ''The Respectful Prostitute'' by Jean-Paul Sartre (Tréteaux de France, Mathurins)
* 1967: '' Phèdre'' by Racine (Tréteaux de France)
* 1967: ''The Evil Is Spreading'' by
Jacques Audiberti
Jacques Séraphin Marie Audiberti (March 25, 1899 – July 10, 1965) was a French playwright, poet and novelist and exponent of the Theatre of the Absurd.
Audiberti was born in Antibes, France, the son of Louis Audiberti, a master mason, and hi ...
(Tréteaux de France)
* 1968: ''The Rosenbergs Should Not Die'' by
Alain Decaux
Alain Decaux (23 July 1925 − 27 March 2016) was a French historian. He was elected to the Académie française on 15 February 1979.
In 2005, he was, with others authors as Frédéric Beigbeder, Mohamed Kacimi, Richard Millet and Jean-Pierre Th ...
(Tréteaux de France)
* 1968: ''The Respectful Prostitute'' by Jean-Paul Sartre (Tréteaux de France)
* 1969: ''The Rosenbergs Should Not Die'' by Alain Decaux (Porte Saint-Martin)
* 1970: ''The Respectful Prostitute'' by Jean-Paul Sartre (Halles de Paris)
* 1970: ''Electra'' by Sophocles, adaptation by Maurice Clavel (Halles de Paris)
* 1970: ''Jacques, or the Submission'' by Ionesco (Château de Boucard)
* 1970: ''The Maid'' by Jacques Audiberti (Nice)
* 1971: ''The Maid'' by Jacques Audiberti (Festival du Marais)
Carré Thorigny
* 1972: Opens October 12
* 1973: ''Le Bal des cuisinières'' by Bernard Da Costa (and at the festival d'Avignon)
* 1973: '' Phèdre'' by Racine
* 1973: ''Cantique des cantiques'', oratorio by Roger Frima
* 1973: ''Conversations dans le Loir-et-Cher'' by Paul Claudel
* 1973: ''Cirque Gruss'' at the Hôtel Salé
* 1973: ''Jean Cocteau and the Angels'', poetic soirée
* 1973: ''
Louise Labé
Louise Charlin Perrin Labé, ( 1524 – 25 April 1566), also identified as La Belle Cordière (The Beautiful Ropemaker), was a feminist French poet of the Renaissance born in Lyon, the daughter of wealthy ropemaker Pierre Charly and his second wif ...
'', poetic soirée
* 1974: ''Why Doesn't Anna's Dress Want to Come off'' by Tom Eyen
* 1974: Closes at the end of September.
Nouveau Carré Gaîté-Lyrique
* 1974: Opening of the circus School on October 15
* 1974, November and December: ''Les Comptoirs de la Baie d'Hudson'' by Jacques Guimet done by the "In and Out Theatre", Great Hall
* 1975, ''
Edgar Poe
Edgar Allan Poe (; Edgar Poe; January 19, 1809 – October 7, 1849) was an American writer, poet, editor, and literary critic. Poe is best known for his poetry and short stories, particularly his tales of mystery and the macabre. He is widel ...
'', done by the "Ballet-Théâtre Joseph Russillo", Great Hall:
:- January and February, ''Mémoires pour demain'' and ''Il était une fois comme toutes les fois''
:- May, ''Fantasmes'', original creation
* 1975, January to April: ''Old-Style Circus'' with the Gruss family, Great Hall
* 1975, March to April: ''Seven Weeks in Song'' with Roger Siffer,
Dick Annegarn
Dick Annegarn (born in The Hague, 6 May 1952) is a Dutch rock singer-songwriter who sings mostly in French, and occasionally in Dutch and English.
Discography
Albums
* '' Sacré Géranium'' (1974)
* ''Dicks'' (1974)
* ''Je te vois'' (1974)
* ' ...
Monique Morelli
Monique is a female given name. It is the French form of the name Monica. The name has enjoyed some popularity in the United States since about 1955, and is less common in other English-speaking countries except for Canada although mostly used ...
,
Serge Kerval Serge may refer to:
*Serge (fabric), a type of twill fabric
*Serge (llama) (born 2005), a llama in the Cirque Franco-Italien and internet meme
*Serge (name), a masculine given name (includes a list of people with this name)
*Serge (post), a hitchi ...
and
Anne Vanderlove
Anna van der Leeuw (; 11 December 1939 – 30 June 2019), better known by her stage name Anne Vanderlove, was a Dutch-born French singer and songwriter, known as the French Joan Baez.
Life
Vanderlove was born in The Hague in 1939. Her father w ...
Igor Stravinsky
Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky (6 April 1971) was a Russian composer, pianist and conductor, later of French (from 1934) and American (from 1945) citizenship. He is widely considered one of the most important and influential composers of the ...
and Ramuz, done by the Solistes de Marseille, directed by Devy Erlich, Great Hall
* 1975, September to October: ''Le Tableau'', comic opera by Ionesco and Calvi, Great Hall
* 1975-1976, November to March: ''
Lucrezia Borgia
Lucrezia Borgia (; ca-valencia, Lucrècia Borja, links=no ; 18 April 1480 – 24 June 1519) was a Spanish-Italian noblewoman of the House of Borgia who was the daughter of Pope Alexander VI and Vannozza dei Cattanei. She reigned as the Govern ...
'' by
Victor Hugo
Victor-Marie Hugo (; 26 February 1802 – 22 May 1885) was a French Romantic writer and politician. During a literary career that spanned more than sixty years, he wrote in a variety of genres and forms. He is considered to be one of the great ...
(presented at the Festival d'Avignon in August 1975), directed by
Fabio Pacchoni Fabio is a given name descended from Latin ''Fabius'' and very popular in Italy and Latin America (due to Italian migration). Its English equivalent is Fabian (name), Fabian.
The name is written without an accent in Italian and Spanish, but is usu ...
Henrik Ibsen
Henrik Johan Ibsen (; ; 20 March 1828 – 23 May 1906) was a Norwegian playwright and theatre director. As one of the founders of modernism in theatre, Ibsen is often referred to as "the father of realism" and one of the most influential playw ...
, adaptation by Maurice Clavel, Great Hall
* 1977, January, February, March: '' The Lady from the Sea'' by
Henrik Ibsen
Henrik Johan Ibsen (; ; 20 March 1828 – 23 May 1906) was a Norwegian playwright and theatre director. As one of the founders of modernism in theatre, Ibsen is often referred to as "the father of realism" and one of the most influential playw ...
, Great Hall
* 1977, April to May: '' A Doll's House'' by
Henrik Ibsen
Henrik Johan Ibsen (; ; 20 March 1828 – 23 May 1906) was a Norwegian playwright and theatre director. As one of the founders of modernism in theatre, Ibsen is often referred to as "the father of realism" and one of the most influential playw ...
, done by the Ensemble Théâtral Mobile, Great Hall
* 1977: '' Songs of Bilitis'' by Pierre Louÿs
* 1977: ''Visit of René-Guy Cadou'', poetic soirée
* 1977: ''Nuova Colonia'' de Luigi Pirandello
* 1977: ''The Burial of a Boss'' de Dario Fo (Mulhouse)
* 1977: Closes at year's end
Jardin d'Acclimatation
* Just one season, from 1978 to 1979
Carré Silvia Monfort Vaugirard
* 1979: ''La Cantate à trois voix'' by Paul Claudel (Abbatiale de Rouen)
* 1979: ''La Fourmi dans le corps'' by
Jacques Audiberti
Jacques Séraphin Marie Audiberti (March 25, 1899 – July 10, 1965) was a French playwright, poet and novelist and exponent of the Theatre of the Absurd.
Audiberti was born in Antibes, France, the son of Louis Audiberti, a master mason, and hi ...
* 1979: ''The Noon Terrace'' by
Maurice Clavel
Maurice Clavel () (1920-1979) was a French writer, journalist, and philosopher.
Youth
Maurice Clavel was born on 10 November 1920 in Frontignan, Hérault to a family headed by a father who was a pharmacist. This conservative milieu of small shop ...
Alexandre Dumas, père
Alexandre Dumas (, ; ; born Dumas Davy de la Pailleterie (), 24 July 1802 – 5 December 1870), also known as Alexandre Dumas père (where ''Suffix (name)#Generational titles, '' is French language, French for 'father', to distinguish him from ...
* 1987: ''
Britannicus
Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus (12 February AD 41 – 11 February AD 55), usually called Britannicus, was the son of Roman emperor Claudius and his third wife Valeria Messalina. For a time he was considered his father's heir, but that ...
'' by Racine
* 1987: ''
Iphigénie
''Iphigénie'' is a dramatic tragedy in five acts written in alexandrine verse by the French playwright Jean Racine. It was first performed in the Orangerie in Versailles on August 18, 1674, as part of the fifth of the royal ''Divertissements d ...
'' by Racine
* 1988: ''Théodore'' by Corneille
* 1989: ''The Two Ways'' by Jean Cocteau
Directed by her
* 1965: ''
Electra
Electra (; grc, Ήλέκτρα) is one of the most popular mythological characters in tragedies.Evans (1970), p. 79 She is the main character in two Greek tragedies, '' Electra'' by Sophocles and '' Electra'' by Euripides. She is also the centra ...
Maurice Clavel
Maurice Clavel () (1920-1979) was a French writer, journalist, and philosopher.
Youth
Maurice Clavel was born on 10 November 1920 in Frontignan, Hérault to a family headed by a father who was a pharmacist. This conservative milieu of small shop ...
(Tréteaux de France)
* 1970: ''Electra'' by Sophocles, adaptation by Maurice Clavel (Halles de Paris)
* 1979: ''La Cantate à trois voix'' de Paul Claudel (Abbatiale de Rouen)
* 1984: ''The Persians'' by Aeschylus (Carré Silvia Monfort Vaugirard)
* 1987: ''
Iphigénie
''Iphigénie'' is a dramatic tragedy in five acts written in alexandrine verse by the French playwright Jean Racine. It was first performed in the Orangerie in Versailles on August 18, 1674, as part of the fifth of the royal ''Divertissements d ...
'' by Racine (Carré Silvia Monfort Vaugirard)
* 1988: ''Théodore'' by Corneille (Carré Silvia Monfort Vaugirard)
* 1989: ''The Two Ways'' by Jean Cocteau (Carré Silvia Monfort Vaugirard)
Alain Decaux
Alain Decaux (23 July 1925 − 27 March 2016) was a French historian. He was elected to the Académie française on 15 February 1979.
In 2005, he was, with others authors as Frédéric Beigbeder, Mohamed Kacimi, Richard Millet and Jean-Pierre Th ...
* 1975: ''Why Doesn't Anna's Dress Want to Come off'' by Tom Eyen - Directed by
Armand Ridel
Armand refer to:
People
* Armand (name), list of people with this name
*Armand (photographer) (1901–1963), Armenian photographer
*Armand (singer) (1946–2015), Dutch protest singer
*Sean Armand (born 1991), American basketball player
*Armand, ...
* 1978: ''The Marshal of Ancre'' by Alfred de Vigny
* 1980: ''
Edgar Poe
Edgar Allan Poe (; Edgar Poe; January 19, 1809 – October 7, 1849) was an American writer, poet, editor, and literary critic. Poe is best known for his poetry and short stories, particularly his tales of mystery and the macabre. He is widel ...
'', theatre-ballet by
Joseph Russillo
Joseph is a common male given name, derived from the Hebrew Yosef (יוֹסֵף). "Joseph" is used, along with "Josef", mostly in English, French and partially German languages. This spelling is also found as a variant in the languages of the mo ...
* 1980: ''Phèdre'' by Racine
* 1980: ''
Electra
Electra (; grc, Ήλέκτρα) is one of the most popular mythological characters in tragedies.Evans (1970), p. 79 She is the main character in two Greek tragedies, '' Electra'' by Sophocles and '' Electra'' by Euripides. She is also the centra ...
Loir-et-Cher
Loir-et-Cher (, ) is a department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of France. Its name is originated from two rivers which cross it, the Loir in its northern part and the Cher in its southern part. Its prefecture is Blois. The INSEE and La P ...
'' by Paul Claudel
* 1982: ''Phèdre'' by Racine
* 1982: ''The Dream of Icarus'', TV film by Jean Kerchbron
* 1986: ''Bajazet'' by Racine
* 1986: ''The Tower of Nesle'' by
Alexandre Dumas, père
Alexandre Dumas (, ; ; born Dumas Davy de la Pailleterie (), 24 July 1802 – 5 December 1870), also known as Alexandre Dumas père (where ''Suffix (name)#Generational titles, '' is French language, French for 'father', to distinguish him from ...
Bibliography
Novels
* ''Il ne m'arrivera rien'' (Nothing Will Happen to Me) - Éditions Fontaine - 1946
* ''Aimer qui vous aima'' (To Love Someone Who Has Loved You) - Paris, Éditions Julliard - 1951
* ''Le droit chemin'' (The Right Way) - Paris, Éditions Julliard - 1954
* ''La Raia (Les mains pleines de doigts)'' The Raia (Hands Full of Fingers) - Paris, Éditions Julliard - 1959
* ''Les ânes rouges'' (The Red Donkeys) - Éditions Julliard in 1966, then Éditions du Rocher in 2003 -
* ''Une allure pour l'amour (L'Amble)'' (A Look for Love (The Amble)) - Éditions Julliard in 1971, then Le Livre de Poche in 1987 -
Correspondence
* ''Lettres à
Pierre
Pierre is a masculine given name. It is a French form of the name Peter. Pierre originally meant "rock" or "stone" in French (derived from the Greek word πέτρος (''petros'') meaning "stone, rock", via Latin "petra"). It is a translation ...
1965-1991'' (Letters to Pierre 1965-1991) - Collected by Danielle Netter - Éditions du Rocher - 2003 -
Prefaces
* Noël Devaulx: ''Le Cirque À L'ancienne'' (The Old-style Circus) - Henri Veryer ed. - 1977
* Racine : '' Phèdre'' - Le Livre de Poche - 1985 -
* Corneille : '' Cinna'' - Le Livre de Poche - 1987 -
Biographies and articles
* Paul-Louis Mignon: ''Silvia Monfort'' - Article from ''l'Avant scène théâtre'', nr. 411, 1968
* Régis Santon: ''Le théâtre Silvia Monfort'' - Article from ''l'Avant-scène théâtre'', nr. 531, 1973
* C. Parent: ''Le quinzième arrondissement - Le carré Silvia Monfort'' (The
15th arrondissement
15 (fifteen) is the natural number following 14 and preceding 16.
Mathematics
15 is:
* A composite number, and the sixth semiprime; its proper divisors being , and .
* A deficient number, a smooth number, a lucky number, a pernicious num ...
- Silvia Monfort Square) - the Paris collection and her heritage, p. 204
* Françoise Piazza: ''Silvia Monfort'' - Éditions Favre - 1988 -
* Guy Boquet and Jean-Claude Drouot: ''Le parcours racinien de Silvia Monfort'' (The Racinian Path of Silvia Monfort), ''Revue d'histoire du théâtre'', nr. 206, 2000.
* Exhibit, Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Richelieu site, Crypt, 16 December 2003 – 25 January 2004, ''Une vie de combat pour le théâtre'' - Bibliothèque Nationale de France -
Audio
* ''Cahiers de doléances des femmes en 1789'' (Condolence Books of Women in 1789) - Cassette, La Bibliothèque Des Voix - Éditions Des Femmes - 1989
* '' Les Enfants terribles'' (see section "the children by the radio") by Jean Cocteau (1947) - CD, Éditions Phonurgia Nova & INA - 1992 -
On video
* '' Le Cas du docteur Laurent'' - Film by Jean-Paul Le Chanois - single DVD, Zone 2 (Éditions LCJ)
* '' Les Misérables'' - Film in two eras by Jean-Paul Le Chanois - 2-set DVD, Zone 2 (''Les Années Cinquante'' collection- Éditions René Chateau)