''Sarcosoma'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...
of
fungi
A fungus (plural, : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of Eukaryote, eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and Mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified ...
in the
family
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...
Sarcosomataceae. The genus, widespread in north
temperate
In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (23.5° to 66.5° N/S of Equator), which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth. These zones generally have wider temperature ranges throughout t ...
and
tropical
The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator. They are defined in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere at N and the Tropic of Capricorn in
the Southern Hemisphere at S. The tropics are also referred to ...
areas, contains 16 species. The
anamorph
In mycology, the terms teleomorph, anamorph, and holomorph apply to portions of the Biological life cycle, life cycles of fungi in the Phylum, phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota:
*Teleomorph: the sexual reproductive stage (morph), typically a Asc ...
(asexual) form is the genus ''
Verticicladium''.
[
]
Ecology and habitat
The type species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen( ...
for the genus, '' Sarcosoma globosum'', occurs in temperate regions and typically inhabits flooded soil and areas in connection to rivers and brooks.[Ohenoja, E., Kaukonen, M. and Ruotsalainen, A.L., 2013. Sarcosoma globosum-an indicator of climate change?. Acta Mycologica, 48(1).] It has most of its localities situated in Sweden (122 out of 135 known localities). ''Sarcosoma globosum'' is listed as vulnerable by the Swedish red list.
Traits
The type species has large round/cylindrical fruiting bodies (5–12 cm in width).
Placement in the tree of life
Based on an analysis using Maximum Parsimony on two different genes ( ITS and 18S ribosomal RNA
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes. RNA and deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA) are nucleic acids. Along with lipids, proteins, and carbohydra ...
), Sarcosoma is placed as follows in relation to other genera in the family Sarcosomataceae:
Species
There are 16 species belonging to the genus Sarcosoma , according to the Catalogue of Life.Sarcosoma sarasinii
''Sarcosoma'' is a genus of fungi in the family Sarcosomataceae. The genus, widespread in north temperate and tropical areas, contains 16 species. The anamorph (asexual) form is the genus '' Verticicladium''.
Ecology and habitat
The type species ...
''
* '' Sarcosoma tetrasporum''
* ''Sarcosoma turbinatum
''Sarcosoma'' is a genus of fungi in the family Sarcosomataceae. The genus, widespread in north temperate and tropical areas, contains 16 species. The anamorph (asexual) form is the genus '' Verticicladium''.
Ecology and habitat
The type species ...
''
* ''Sarcosoma umbrinum
''Sarcosoma'' is a genus of fungi in the family Sarcosomataceae. The genus, widespread in north temperate and tropical areas, contains 16 species. The anamorph (asexual) form is the genus '' Verticicladium''.
Ecology and habitat
The type s ...
''
* ''Sarcosoma wettsteinii
''Sarcosoma'' is a genus of fungi in the family Sarcosomataceae. The genus, widespread in north temperate and tropical areas, contains 16 species. The anamorph (asexual) form is the genus '' Verticicladium''.
Ecology and habitat
The type s ...
''
* '' Sarcosoma zelandicum''
References
Pezizales
Pezizales genera
{{Pezizomycetes-stub