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Pezizales
The Pezizales are an order of the subphylum Pezizomycotina within the phylum Ascomycota. The order contains 16 families, 199 genera, and 1683 species. It contains a number of species of economic importance, such as morels, the black and white truffles, and the desert truffles. The Pezizales can be saprobic, mycorrhizal, or parasitic on plants. Species grow on soil, wood, leaves and dung. Soil-inhabiting species often fruit in habitats with a high pH and low content of organic matter, including disturbed ground. Most species occur in temperate regions or at high elevation. Several members of the Sarcoscyphaceae and Sarcosomataceae are common in tropical regions. Description Members of this order are characterized by asci that typically open by rupturing to form a terminal or eccentric lid or operculum. The ascomata are apothecia or are closed structures of various forms derived from apothecia. Apothecia range in size from less than a millimeter to approximately 15 cm, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morchella
''Morchella'', the true morels, is a genus of edible sac fungi closely related to anatomically simpler cup fungi in the order Pezizales (division Ascomycota). These distinctive fungi have a honeycomb appearance due to the network of ridges with pits composing their caps. Morels are prized by gourmet cooks, particularly in Catalan and French cuisine. Due to difficulties in cultivation, commercial harvesting of wild morels has become a multimillion-dollar industry in the temperate Northern Hemisphere, in particular North America, Turkey, China, the Himalayas, India, and Pakistan where these highly prized fungi are found in abundance. Typified by ''Morchella esculenta'' in 1794, the genus has been the source of considerable taxonomical controversy throughout the years, mostly with regard to the number of species involved, with some mycologists recognising as few as three species and others over thirty. Current molecular phylogenetics suggest there might be over seventy species of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
White Truffles
A truffle is the fruiting body of a subterranean ascomycete fungus, predominantly one of the many species of the genus ''Tuber''. In addition to ''Tuber'', many other genera of fungi are classified as truffles including '' Geopora'', '' Peziza'', ''Choiromyces'', '' Leucangium'', and over a hundred others. These genera belong to the class Pezizomycetes and the Pezizales order. Several truffle-like basidiomycetes are excluded from Pezizales, including '' Rhizopogon'' and ''Glomus''. Truffles are ectomycorrhizal fungi, so they are usually found in close association with tree roots. Spore dispersal is accomplished through fungivores, animals that eat fungi. These fungi have significant ecological roles in nutrient cycling and drought tolerance. Some truffle species are highly prized as food. French gastronome Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin called truffles "the diamond of the kitchen". Edible truffles are used in Italian, French and numerous other national . Truffles are cultiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyronemataceae
The Pyronemataceae are a family of fungi in the order Pezizales. It is the largest family of the Pezizales, encompassing 75 genera and approximately 500 species. Phylogenetic analyses does not support the prior classifications of this family, and suggest that the family is not monophyletic as it is currently circumscribed. Morphology Members of the family are diverse in ascomatal or cleistothecial form. Individual taxa may be sessile (without a stipe) to shortly stipitate, cupulate (cup-shaped), discoid (disc-shaped), pulvinate (cushion-shaped), or with turbinate (turban-shaped) epigeous apothecia. Also, taxa may be sub-hypogeous to hypogeous with closed, folded, or solid ascomata. Apothecia may range in size from less than 1 mm up to 12 cm in diameter, and may be brightly colored due to carotenoid pigments. Genera of the Pyronemataceae lack unifying macroscopic or microscopic characteristics; this lack of uniting characters has led various authors to propose a variety ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chorioactidaceae
The Chorioactidaceae are a family of cup fungi in the order Pezizales containing seven species distributed among five genera. '' Pseudosarcosoma'' was added in 2013 to contain '' P. latahense'' when molecular phylogenetic Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to ... studies demonstrated the fungus to be more closely related to the Chorioactidaceae than to '' Sarcosoma'' (family Sarcosomataceae). References Ascomycota families Pezizales {{Pezizomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carbomycetaceae
The Carbomycetaceae are a family of fungi in the order Pezizales. The family contains the single genus ''Carbomyces'', which in turn contains three species In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of ... distributed in the United States and Mexico. References External links * * Pezizales Pezizales genera {{Pezizomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urceolaria
''Urceolaria'' is a genus of fungi in the Pezizales order. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order is unknown (''incertae sedis''), and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea .... The genus was described by the German mycologist Hermann Friedrich Bonorden in 1851. According to the ''Dictionary of the Fungi'' (10th edition, 2008), the genus contains about 100 species. References External links * Pezizales Pezizales genera {{Pezizomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ascodesmidaceae
The Ascodesmidaceae are a family of fungi in the order Pezizales The Pezizales are an order of the subphylum Pezizomycotina within the phylum Ascomycota. The order contains 16 families, 199 genera, and 1683 species. It contains a number of species of economic importance, such as morels, the black and white tr .... References Pezizales Ascomycota families Taxa named by Joseph Schröter Taxa described in 1893 {{Pezizomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caloscyphaceae
The Caloscyphaceae are a family of fungi in the order Pezizales. The family was circumscribed In geometry, the circumscribed circle or circumcircle of a polygon is a circle that passes through all the vertices of the polygon. The center of this circle is called the circumcenter and its radius is called the circumradius. Not every po ... by Finnish mycologist Harri Harmaja in 2002. The genus '' Kallistoskypha'' was added in 2013 to accommodate the species formerly known as ''Caloscypha incarnata''. References Pezizales Ascomycota families {{Pezizomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glaziellaceae
Glaziellaceae is a family of fungi in the order Pezizales that contains the single monotypic genus ''Glaziella''. The type species ''Glaziella vesiculosa'', originally collected in Cuba, was referred to the genus ''Xylaria'' by Miles Joseph Berkeley Miles Joseph Berkeley (1 April 1803 – 30 July 1889) was an English cryptogamist and clergyman, and one of the founders of the science of plant pathology. Life Berkeley was born at Biggin Hall, Benefield, Northamptonshire, and educated a ... and Moses Ashley Curtis in 1869. A decade later, Berkeley circumscribed the genus ''Glaziella'' to contain a specimen collected in Brazil, apparently forgetting that he had earlier named it ''Xylaria aurantiaca''. The genus name of ''Glaziella'' is in honour of Auguste François Marie Glaziou (1828 – 1906), who was a French landscape designer and botanist. References External links * Monotypic Ascomycota genera Pezizales {{Pezizomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morchellaceae
The Morchellaceae are a family of ascomycete fungi in the order Pezizales. According to a standard reference work, the family has contained at least 49 species distributed among four genera. However, in 2012, five genera that produce ascoma that are sequestrate and hypogeous were added. The best-known members are the highly regarded and commercially picked true morels of the genus '' Morchella'', the thimble morels of the genus ''Verpa'', and a genus of cup-shaped fungi '' Disciotis''. The remaining four genera produce the sequestrate fruit bodies. Analysis of the ribosomal DNA of many of the Pezizales showed the three genera ''Verpa'', ''Morchella'', and ''Disciotis'' to be closely related. Thus they are now included in the family Morchellaceae. Genera '' Costantinella'' (anamorph) '' Disciotis'' (terrestrial) '' Morchella'' (terrestrial) ''Verpa'' (terrestrial) ''Kalapuya'' (hypogeous) '' Imaia'' (hypogeous) '' Leucangium'' (hypogeous) ''Fischerula'' (hypogeous) Descriptio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhizinaceae
The Rhizinaceae are a family of ascomycete fungi in the order Pezizales. The family was circumscribed by German mycologist Hermann Friedrich Bonorden Hermann Friedrich Bonorden (28 August 1801 – 19 May 1884) was a German physician and mycologist. During his career he served as a ''Regimentarzt'' (regimental medical doctor) in Köln. References External links * Ascomycota families Pezizales {{Pezizomycetes-stub ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tuberaceae
The Tuberaceae () are a family of mycorrhizal fungi in the order Pezizales, that evolved during or after the first major radiation of Angiosperms in the Jurassic period (140–180 million years ago, Mya). It includes the genus '' Tuber'', which includes the so-called "true" truffles. It was characterized by the Belgian botanist Barthélemy Charles Joseph du Mortier in 1822. A molecular study of ribosomal DNA by mycologist Kerry O'Donnell in 1997 found that a small clade now redefined as Helvellaceae The Helvellaceae are a family of ascomycete fungi, the best-known members of which are the elfin saddles of the genus '' Helvella''. Originally erected by Elias Magnus Fries in 1823 as ''Elvellacei'', it contained many genera. Several of these, ... is most closely related to the Tuberaceae. The mycologist Mary Cloyd Burnley Stifler studied and described fungal family, donating specimens to herbariums across the United States. References Pezizales Truffles (fungi) A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
