Rissa is a former municipality in the old

Sør-Trøndelag Sør-Trøndelag (; ) was a Counties of Norway, county comprising the southern portion of the present-day Trøndelag county in Norway. It bordered the old Nord-Trøndelag () county as well as the counties of Møre og Romsdal, Oppland, and Hedmark. ...

county A county () is a geographic region of a country used for administrative or other purposesL. Brookes (ed.) '' Chambers Dictionary''. Edinburgh: Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, 2005. in some nations. The term is derived from the Old French denoti ...

Norway Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard also form part of the Kingdom of ...

in the

Fosen Fosen is a traditional district in coastal Trøndelag county, Norway. The district consists of the municipalities Osen, Åfjord, Ørland, Indre Fosen, Orkland, Heim, Hitra, and Frøya. In colloquial speech, Fosen also refers to the Fosen ...

region In geography, regions, otherwise referred to as areas, zones, lands or territories, are portions of the Earth's surface that are broadly divided by physical characteristics (physical geography), human impact characteristics (human geography), and ...

. The municipality existed from 1860 until its dissolution on 1 January 2018 when it became part of the newly created

Indre Fosen Municipality Indre Fosen is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Fosen. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Årnset. Other villages in Indre Fosen include Askjem, Dalbygda, ...

Trøndelag Trøndelag (; or is a county and coextensive with the Trøndelag region (also known as ''Midt-Norge'' or ''Midt-Noreg,'' "Mid-Norway") in the central part of Norway. It was created in 1687, then named Trondhjem County (); in 1804 the county was ...

county. The

administrative centre An administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune, is located. In countries with French as the administrative language, such as Belgi ...

of the municipality was the village of

Årnset Årnset or Rissa is the administrative centre of Indre Fosen Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located on the north shore of the lake Botn (Trøndelag), Botn about south of the village of Hasselvika and about north of the villag ...

. Other villages in the municipality included

Askjem Stadsbygd or Askjem is a village in Indre Fosen Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The village is located at the southern end of the Fosen peninsula in a wide, flat valley along the north side of the Trondheimsfjord. The village of Rørv ...

Hasselvika Hasselvika is a village in Indre Fosen Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located along the Trondheimsfjord about north of the municipal center of Årnset. It is the location of the old military fort as well as the Hasselvika Chur ...

Husbysjøen Husbysjøen or Husby is a village in Indre Fosen Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The village is located along the south side of the Sørfjorden (Trøndelag), Sørfjorden, an arm of the Stjørnfjorden. It is located about west of the v ...

Rørvika or is a village in Hamarøy Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The village is located on the western side of the Tysfjorden, about south of Bognes or is a ferry port in Hamarøy Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is locate ...

Råkvåg Råkvåg () is a village in Indre Fosen Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located at the inner part of the Stjørnfjorden in the northern part of what was the old Rissa Municipality. It is about north of the village of Husbysjø ...

, Sørfjorden, and

Stadsbygd Stadsbygd or Askjem is a village in Indre Fosen Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The village is located at the southern end of the Fosen peninsula in a wide, flat valley along the north side of the Trondheimsfjord. The village of Rørv ...

. Prior to its dissolution in 2018, the municipality was the 179th largest by area out of the then 426 municipalities in Norway. Rissa Municipality was the 158th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 6,628. The municipality's

population density Population density (in agriculture: Standing stock (disambiguation), standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geog ...

was and its population had increased by 4.1% over the last decade.

General information

Municipal history

The former municipality of ''Rissen'' was established in 1860 when it was separated from the large

Stadsbygd Municipality Stadsbygd is a former municipality in the old Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway. The municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1964. The municipality existed on the southern part of the Fosen peninsula, along the Trondheimsfjorden in ...

. Initially, Rissen Municipality had 3,733 residents. The spelling of the name was later changed to ''Rissa Municipality''. On 1 January 1905, the southwestern district of the municipality (population: 1,019) on the west side of the

Trondheimsfjord The Trondheim Fjord or Trondheimsfjorden (), an inlet of the Norwegian Sea, is Norway's List of Norwegian fjords, third-longest fjord at long. It is located in the west-central part of the country in Trøndelag county, and it stretches from Ørl ...

was separated to form the new

Lensvik Municipality Lensvik is a former municipality in the old Sør-Trøndelag county in Norway. The municipality existed from 1905 until its dissolution in 1964. The municipality was located along the western shore of the Trondheimsfjorden and it encompassed the ...

. This left Rissa Municipality with 3,394 residents. During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the

Schei Committee The Schei Committee () was a committee named by the Government of Norway to look into the organization of municipalities in Norway post-World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a ...

. On 1 January 1964, most of

(except for the

Ingdalen Ingdalen is a village in Orkland Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The village lies along the western shore of the Trondheimsfjord about south of the villages of Lensvik and Selbekken. Ingdal Chapel is located in the village. The lake ...

area) and the southern part of

Stjørna Municipality Stjørna is a List of municipalities of Norway, former municipality in the old Sør-Trøndelag county in Norway. The municipality existed from 1899 until its dissolution in 1964. The municipality encompassed the land surrounding the Stjørnfjord ...

were merged with Rissa to form a new, larger Rissa Municipality. On 1 January 2018, Rissa Municipality and its neighbor

Leksvik Municipality Leksvik is a List of former municipalities of Norway, former municipality in the old Nord-Trøndelag Counties of Norway, county, Norway. The municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 2018 when it became part of the newly created Ind ...

were merged to form the newly created

which became part of the new

county on the same date.

Toponymy

The municipality (originally the

parish A parish is a territorial entity in many Christianity, Christian denominations, constituting a division within a diocese. A parish is under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of a priest#Christianity, priest, often termed a parish pries ...

) was historically named "Rissen", or more recently spelled "Rissa" (). This was probably the old name of the

brackish Brackish water, sometimes termed brack water, is water occurring in a natural environment that has more salinity than freshwater, but not as much as seawater. It may result from mixing seawater (salt water) and fresh water together, as in estuari ...

basin of Botn (literally "the bottom" of the

fjord In physical geography, a fjord (also spelled fiord in New Zealand English; ) is a long, narrow sea inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created by a glacier. Fjords exist on the coasts of Antarctica, the Arctic, and surrounding landmasses of the n ...

). Even though this is a heavily land-locked fjord with a river-like

inlet An inlet is a typically long and narrow indentation of a shoreline such as a small arm, cove, bay, sound, fjord, lagoon or marsh, that leads to an enclosed larger body of water such as a lake, estuary, gulf or marginal sea. Overview In ...

from the

(it was probably a shallow bay in prehistoric times). The name is probably derived from the verb which means "raise" or "rise". (The average water level of Botnen is today about above mean

sea level Mean sea level (MSL, often shortened to sea level) is an mean, average surface level of one or more among Earth's coastal Body of water, bodies of water from which heights such as elevation may be measured. The global MSL is a type of vertical ...

and the surface water is almost fresh from accumulated internal runoff.) Historically, the name of the municipality was spelled ''Rissen''. On 3 November 1917, a royal resolution changed the spelling of the name of the municipality to ''Rissa''.

Coat of arms

The

coat of arms A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the last two being outer garments), originating in Europe. The coat of arms on an escutcheon f ...

was granted on 23 January 1987 and it was in use until 1 January 2018 when the municipality was dissolved. The official

blazon In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct an accurate image. The verb ''to blazon'' means to create such a description. The visual d ...

is ''"

Vert Vert or Verts may refer to: * Vert (heraldry), the colour green in heraldry * Vert (music producer) (born 1972), pseudonym of Adam Butler, an English music producer * Vert (river), in southern France * Vert (sport), a competition in extreme versio ...

, a

chaplet Chaplet may refer to: * Chaplet (headgear), a wreath or garland for the head * Chaplet (prayer), a string of prayer beads and the associated prayer * Chaplet (metallurgy), a metal form to hold a core in place See also

* Wreath (attire) * Ukr ...

of three

quatrefoil A quatrefoil (anciently caterfoil) is a decorative element consisting of a symmetrical shape which forms the overall outline of four partially overlapping circles of the same diameter. It is found in art, architecture, heraldry and traditional ...

argent In heraldry, argent () is the tincture of silver, and belongs to the class of light tinctures called "metals". It is very frequently depicted as white and usually considered interchangeable with it. In engravings and line drawings, regions to b ...

"'' (). This means the arms have a green

field Field may refer to: Expanses of open ground * Field (agriculture), an area of land used for agricultural purposes * Airfield, an aerodrome that lacks the infrastructure of an airport * Battlefield * Lawn, an area of mowed grass * Meadow, a grass ...

(background) and the

charge Charge or charged may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''Charge, Zero Emissions/Maximum Speed'', a 2011 documentary Music * ''Charge'' (David Ford album) * ''Charge'' (Machel Montano album) * '' Charge!!'', an album by The Aqu ...

is a

* Wreath (attire) * Ukr ...

(crown) with three

s. The charge has a

tincture A tincture is typically an extract of plant or animal material dissolved in ethanol (ethyl alcohol). Solvent concentrations of 25–60% are common, but may run as high as 90%.Groot Handboek Geneeskrachtige Planten by Geert Verhelst In chemistr ...

which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The crown design was chosen to symbolize a similar crown of

Skule Bårdsson Skule Bårdsson or Duke Skule (; ) (–24 May 1240) was a Norwegian nobleman and claimant to the royal throne against his son-in-law, King Haakon Haakonsson. Henrik Ibsen's play '' Kongs-Emnerne'' (1863) is about the dispute between Duke Skule an ...

that is depicted on an old tombstone at the

Nidaros Cathedral Nidaros Cathedral () is a Church of Norway cathedral located in the city of Trondheim in Trøndelag county. It is built over the burial site of Olav II of Norway, King Olav II ( 995–1030, reigned 1015–1028), who became the patron saint of th ...

. Bårdsson was the founder of Rein kloster at the Rein estate (which he also owned) in Rissa. The crown is a typical headdress used by the medieval Norwegian

duke Duke is a male title either of a monarch ruling over a duchy, or of a member of Royal family, royalty, or nobility. As rulers, dukes are ranked below emperors, kings, grand princes, grand dukes, and above sovereign princes. As royalty or nobi ...

s. Typically, there are five quatrefoils on a crown like this, but Rissa has only three to symbolize the three municipalities that were merged in 1964 to form Rissa (Rissa,

, and Stjørna). The arms were designed by Oscar Bergsaune. The municipal flag has the same design as the coat of arms.

Geography

The municipality was located on the southern end of the

peninsula along the

and the Stjørnfjord. The large lake Storvatnet was located on the eastern border with

. To the north was

Åfjord Municipality Åfjord is a List of municipalities of Norway, municipality in Trøndelag Counties of Norway, county, Norway. It is part of the Fosen Districts of Norway, region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Å, Åfjord, Årnes ...

, to the east was

Bjugn Municipality Bjugn is a former municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The municipality existed from 1853 until its dissolution in 2020 when it was merged into Ørland Municipality. It was part of the Fosen region. The village of Botngård was the admini ...

Ørland Municipality Ørland is a List of municipalities of Norway, municipality in Trøndelag Counties of Norway, county, Norway. It is part of the Fosen Districts of Norway, region. Ørland is located at the southwestern tip of the Fosen peninsula at the northern ...

was located to the northwest, and

was to the east. The highest point in the municipality was the tall mountain Ytter Skurvhatten. The

Flakk–Rørvik Ferry The Flakk–Rørvik Ferry is an ferry, automobile ferry in Trøndelag county, Norway. The line is part of Norwegian County Road 715, which connects the Fosen peninsula with the city of Trondheim (city), Trondheim. The crossing of Trondheimsfjord ...

crosses the Trondheimsfjord connecting the village of

with the city of

Trondheim Trondheim ( , , ; ), historically Kaupangen, Nidaros, and Trondhjem (), is a city and municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. As of 2022, it had a population of 212,660. Trondheim is the third most populous municipality in Norway, and is ...

Landslide

On 29 April 1978, a major quick-clay

landslide Landslides, also known as landslips, rockslips or rockslides, are several forms of mass wasting that may include a wide range of ground movements, such as rockfalls, mudflows, shallow or deep-seated slope failures and debris flows. Landslides ...

occurred south of Rissa at . An area of sent of quick clay slid down into the shores of Botn. The landslip caused a

tsunami A tsunami ( ; from , ) is a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and underwater explosions (including detonations, ...

to strike the north shore at Leira, which destroyed a saw mill and flooded several houses. Out of the 40 people who were in the area at the time of the slide, one person died. A large portion of the slide was recorded on film by two amateur photographers. Almost four years after the event, a new road and stabilisation work in the area had removed most traces of the slide. The area being returned to agricultural use.

Governance

While it existed, Rissa Municipality was responsible for

primary education Primary education is the first stage of Education, formal education, coming after preschool/kindergarten and before secondary education. Primary education takes place in ''primary schools'', ''elementary schools'', or first schools and middle s ...

(through 10th grade), outpatient

health services Health care, or healthcare, is the improvement or maintenance of health via the preventive healthcare, prevention, diagnosis, therapy, treatment, wikt:amelioration, amelioration or cure of disease, illness, injury, and other disability, physic ...

senior citizen Old age is the range of ages for people nearing and surpassing life expectancy. People who are of old age are also referred to as: old people, elderly, elders, senior citizens, seniors or older adults. Old age is not a definite biological sta ...

services,

welfare Welfare may refer to: Philosophy *Well-being (happiness, prosperity, or flourishing) of a person or group * Utility in utilitarianism * Value in value theory Economics * Utility, a general term for individual well-being in economics and decision ...

and other

social services Social services are a range of public services intended to provide support and assistance towards particular groups, which commonly include the disadvantaged. Also available amachine-converted HTML They may be provided by individuals, private and i ...

zoning In urban planning, zoning is a method in which a municipality or other tier of government divides land into land-use "zones", each of which has a set of regulations for new development that differs from other zones. Zones may be defined for ...

economic development In economics, economic development (or economic and social development) is the process by which the economic well-being and quality of life of a nation, region, local community, or an individual are improved according to targeted goals and object ...

, and municipal

road A road is a thoroughfare used primarily for movement of traffic. Roads differ from streets, whose primary use is local access. They also differ from stroads, which combine the features of streets and roads. Most modern roads are paved. Th ...

s and utilities. The municipality was governed by a

municipal council A municipal council is the legislative body of a municipality or local government area. Depending on the location and classification of the municipality it may be known as a city council, town council, town board, community council, borough cou ...

of directly elected representatives. The

mayor In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a Municipal corporation, municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilitie ...

was

indirectly elected An indirect election or ''hierarchical voting,'' is an election in which voters do not choose directly among candidates or parties for an office ( direct voting system), but elect people who in turn choose candidates or parties. It is one of the o ...

by a vote of the municipal council. The municipality was under the jurisdiction of the

Frostating Court of Appeal The Frostating Court of Appeal () is one of six courts of appeal in the Kingdom of Norway. The Court is located in the city of Trondheim. The court has jurisdiction over the counties of Trøndelag and Møre og Romsdal. These areas constitute the ...

Municipal council

The

of Rissa was made up of 23 representatives that are elected to four year terms. The tables below show the historical composition of the council by political

party A party is a gathering of people who have been invited by a Hospitality, host for the purposes of socializing, conversation, recreation, or as part of a festival or other commemoration or celebration of a special occasion. A party will oft ...

Mayors

The

() of Rissa was the political leader of the municipality and the chairperson of the municipal council. Here is a list of people who held this position: *1860–1863: Henrik Horneman *1864–1865: Svend Busch Schmidt *1866–1869: Eiler Hagerup Nannestad *1870–1873: Svend Busch Schmidt *1874–1875: Thomas Horneman *1876–1881: Ebbe Bakøen *1882–1895: Torger Halten ( V) *1896–1897: Ole H. Rokseth ( H) *1898-1898: Torger Halten ( V) *1899–1902: Fredrik Horneman ( H) *1903–1904: Ole H. Rokseth ( H) *1905–1907: Bernt Johannes Ræder ( V) *1908–1910: Andreas H. Berg ( V) *1911–1916: Bernt Johannes Ræder ( V) *1917–1919: Johan A. Dybdahl ( V) *1920–1922: Elias Aalmo ( V) *1923–1925: Peter L. Kimo ( Bp) *1926–1928: Elias Aalmo ( V) *1929–1931: Peter L. Kimo ( Bp) *1932–1934: Gustav J. Krognes ( Bp) *1935–1941: Peter L. Kimo ( Bp) *1942–1945: Martin Aalmo ( NS) *1945-1945: Peter L. Kimo ( Bp) *1946–1947: Martin Skaug ( V) *1948–1954: Henrik O. Grenne ( Bp) *1955-1955: Petter Åsarød ( V) *1956–1959: Marentzius Selven ( LL) *1960–1967: Andreas Fallin ( Sp) *1968–1971: Arne Holten ( V) *1972–1979: Magnar Indseth ( Sp) *1980–1985: Johan Arnt Sannan ( H) *1986–1991: Olav Lindgaard ( Sp) *1992–1995: Ivar Dybdahl ( Sp) *1995–1998: Astrid Rathe ( V) *1998–2011:

Per Skjærvik Per Skjærvik (born 16 May 1953 on Stokkøya in the Åfjord Municipality) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party. He served as a deputy representative in the Parliament of Norway from Sør-Trøndelag during the term 2005–2009. On t ...

( V) *2011–2017: Ove Vollan ( H) *2017-2017: Liv Darell ( Sp)

Economy

Fosen Yards

One major employer in Rissa is Fosen Yard AS. Opened in 1972 as Fosen Mekaniske Verksteder, it has built a number of vessels used in Norway and abroad: * MV Blue Puttees - ferry with

Marine Atlantic Marine Atlantic Inc. () is an independent Canadian federal Crown corporation which is mandated to operate ferry services between the provinces of Newfoundland and Labrador and Nova Scotia. Marine Atlantic's corporate headquarters are in St. John ...

MV Highlanders MV ''Highlanders'' (ex-MV ''Stena Traveller'') is a Ro-Pax passenger/vehicle ferry operated by the Canadian Crown corporation Marine Atlantic. She operates between the islands of Newfoundland and Cape Breton in eastern Canada and is named aft ...

- ferry with Marine Atlantic *

MV Leif Ericson MV ''Leif Ericson'' is a commercial passenger/vehicle ferry in service with the Canadian operator Marine Atlantic. She is currently the oldest vessel in the Marine Atlantic fleet. She was built along with two sister ships by Fosen Mekaniske Verk ...

- ferry with Marine Atlantic The company was originally Frengen Slip and Motorverksted (c. 1918) located in Fevåg and moved to Fosen by Jens Petter Bye who acquired Frengen Slip and Motorverksted in 1962.

Culture

Churches

The

Church of Norway The Church of Norway (, , , ) is an Lutheranism, evangelical Lutheran denomination of Protestant Christianity and by far the largest Christian church in Norway. Christianity became the state religion of Norway around 1020, and was established a ...

had four parishes () within Rissa Municipality. It was part of the

Fosen prosti This list of churches in Nidaros is a list of the Church of Norway churches in the Diocese of Nidaros in Norway. It includes all of the parishes in Trøndelag county. The diocese is based at the Nidaros Cathedral in the city of Trondheim (city), T ...

(

deanery A deanery (or decanate) is an ecclesiastical entity in the Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Anglican Communion, the Evangelical Church in Germany, and the Church of Norway. A deanery is either the jurisdiction or residence of ...

) in the

Diocese of Nidaros Nidaros is a diocese in the Lutheran Church of Norway. It covers Trøndelag county in Central Norway and its cathedral city is Trondheim, which houses the well-known Nidaros Cathedral. Since 10 September 2017, the Bishop of Nidaros is Herborg ...

References

External links

* The Quick Clay Landslide at Rissa
Youtube video
{{Authority control 1860 establishments in Norway 2018 disestablishments in Norway Former municipalities of Norway 1970s landslides 1978 natural disasters Populated places established in 1860 Populated places disestablished in 2018