Ponazuril (

INN Inns are generally establishments or buildings where travelers can seek lodging, and usually, food and drink. Inns are typically located in the country or along a highway. Before the advent of motorized transportation, they also provided accomm ...

), sold by Merial, Inc., now part of

Boehringer Ingelheim C.H. Boehringer Sohn AG & Co. is the parent company of the Boehringer Ingelheim group, which was founded in 1885 by Albert Boehringer (1861–1939) in Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany. As of 2018, Boehringer Ingelheim is one of the world's List of la ...

, under the trade name Marquis (15% w/w ponazuril), is a drug currently approved for the treatment of

equine protozoal myeloencephalitis Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) is a disease that affects the central nervous system of horses. It is caused by a protozoal infection that is brought about by the apicomplexan parasites '' Sarcocystis neurona'' or '' Neospora hughesi''. M ...

(EPM) in horses, caused by

coccidia Coccidia (Coccidiasina) are a subclass of microscopic, spore-forming, single-celled obligate intracellular parasites belonging to the apicomplexan class Conoidasida. As obligate intracellular parasites, they must live and reproduce within a ...

Sarcocystis neurona ''Sarcocystis neurona'' is primarily a neural parasite of horses and its management is of concern in veterinary medicine. The protozoan ''Sarcocystis neurona'' is a protozoan of single celled character and belongs to the family Sarcocystidae, i ...

''. Veterinarians have been preparing a formulary version of the medication for use in small animals such as cats, dogs, and rabbits against coccidia as an intestinal parasite. Treatment for intestinal coccidia in small animals is far shorter than treatment for EPM. NOTE: Dogs suffering from seizures due to Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, Neospora hughesi, Sarcocystis neurona, or other obligate intracellular coccidian protozoal parasites known to cause brain and spinal column disease, can be effectively treated using Ponazuril for a minimum of 90 days. Ponazuril is coccidiocidal, meaning that if treatment is continuous for 90 days or more, seizures may cease in dogs and other companion animals. Testing for these neurological coccidial parasites should be done using IFAT technology (Indirect Immunofluorescence Antibody Titer testing), as other laboratory testing methods can and will result in notoriously false negative results. Along with its analogue

ACD856 ACD856, or ACD-856, is a tropomyosin receptor kinase TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC positive allosteric modulator which is under development for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, depressive disorders, sleep disorders, and traumatic brain injuries. I ...

, ponazuril (also known as ACD855) is a

positive allosteric modulator In pharmacology and biochemistry, allosteric modulators are a group of substances that bind to a receptor to change that receptor's response to stimuli. Some of them, like benzodiazepines or alcohol, function as psychoactive drugs. The site that ...

of the tropomyosin receptor kinases

TrkA Tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA), also known as high affinity nerve growth factor receptor, neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 1, or TRK1-transforming tyrosine kinase protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''NTRK1'' gen ...

and

TrkB Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), also known as tyrosine receptor kinase B, or BDNF/NT-3 growth factors receptor or neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''NTRK2'' gene. TrkB is a recept ...

References

Equine medications Diphenyl ethers Benzosulfones TrkB agonists Trifluoromethyl compounds Isocyanuric acids {{Veterinary-med-stub

See also

References