Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (27 January 1756 – 5 December 1791) was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical period (music), Classical period. Despite his short life, his rapid pace of composition and proficiency from an early age ...

(1756–1791) was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical period who wrote in many genres. Perhaps his best-admired works can be found within the categories of

opera Opera is a form of History of theatre#European theatre, Western theatre in which music is a fundamental component and dramatic roles are taken by Singing, singers. Such a "work" (the literal translation of the Italian word "opera") is typically ...

piano concerto A piano concerto, a type of concerto, is a solo composition in the classical music genre which is composed for piano accompanied by an orchestra or other large ensemble. Piano concertos are typically virtuosic showpieces which require an advance ...

piano sonata A piano sonata is a sonata written for a solo piano. Piano sonatas are usually written in three or four movements, although some piano sonatas have been written with a single movement (Liszt, Scriabin, Medtner, Berg), others with two movemen ...

symphonies A symphony is an extended musical composition in Western classical music, most often for orchestra. Although the term has had many meanings from its origins in the ancient Greek era, by the late 18th century the word had taken on the meaning c ...

string quartet The term string quartet refers to either a type of musical composition or a group of four people who play them. Many composers from the mid-18th century onwards wrote string quartets. The associated musical ensemble consists of two Violin, violini ...

s, and

string quintet A string quintet is a musical composition for five string players. As an extension to the string quartet (two violins, a viola, and a cello), a string quintet includes a fifth string instrument, usually a second viola (a so-called "viola quintet ...

s. Mozart also wrote many

violin sonata A violin sonata is a musical composition for violin, often accompanied by a keyboard instrument and in earlier periods with a bass instrument doubling the keyboard bass line. The violin sonata developed from a simple Baroque music, baroque form wi ...

s; other forms of

chamber music Chamber music is a form of classical music that is composed for a small group of Musical instrument, instruments—traditionally a group that could fit in a Great chamber, palace chamber or a large room. Most broadly, it includes any art music ...

;

violin concerto A violin concerto is a concerto for solo violin (occasionally, two or more violins) and instrumental ensemble (customarily orchestra). Such works have been written since the Baroque period, when the solo concerto form was first developed, up thro ...

s, and other concertos for one or more solo instruments; masses, and other

religious music Religious music (also sacred music) is a type of music that is performed or composed for Religion, religious use or through religious influence. It may overlap with ritual music, which is music, sacred or not, performed or composed for or as a ri ...

;

organ music The organ repertoire is considered to be the largest and oldest repertory of all musical instruments. Because of the organ's (or pipe organ's) prominence in worship in Western Europe from the Middle Ages on, a significant portion of organ reper ...

;

masonic music Masonic music has been defined as "music used in connection with the ritual and social functions of freemasonry." Two major types of music used in masonic lodges are lodge songs, played to keyboard accompaniment before or after meetings, or during ...

; and numerous

dances Dance is an The arts, art form, consisting of sequences of body movements with aesthetic and often Symbol, symbolic value, either improvised or purposefully selected. Dance can be categorized and described by its choreography, by its repertoir ...

marches In medieval Europe, a march or mark was, in broad terms, any kind of borderland, as opposed to a state's "heartland". More specifically, a march was a border between realms or a neutral buffer zone under joint control of two states in which diffe ...

, divertimenti,

serenade In music, a serenade (; also sometimes called a serenata, from the Italian) is a musical composition or performance delivered in honour of someone or something. Serenades are typically calm, light pieces of music. The term comes from the Ital ...

s, and other forms of light entertainment.

How Mozart's compositions are listed

* The indication "K." or "KV" refers to ' (

Köchel catalogue The Köchel catalogue () is a catalogue of compositions by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, originally created by Ludwig Ritter von Köchel, in which the entries are abbreviated ''K.'' or ''KV''. Its numbers reflect the ongoing task of compiling the chro ...

), i.e. the (more or less) chronological catalogue of Mozart's works by

Ludwig von Köchel Ludwig may refer to: People and fictional characters * Ludwig (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters * Ludwig (surname), including a list of people * Ludwig von Koopa, a character in Mario (the game) Arts and entertai ...

. This catalogue has been amended several times, leading to ambiguity over some KV numbers (see e.g. Symphony No. 24 and Symphony No. 25, numbered K. 173dA and 173dB in the 6th edition). * The compositions listed below are grouped thematically, i.e. by type of composition. * Only relatively few of Mozart's compositions have

opus number In music, the opus number is the "work number" that is assigned to a musical composition, or to a set of compositions, to indicate the chronological order of the composer's publication of that work. Opus numbers are used to distinguish among ...

s, as not so many of his compositions were published during his lifetime, so numbering by opus number proves quite impractical for Mozart compositions.

Sacred choral music

Mozart's sacred choral music consists of masses,

litanies Litany, in Christian worship and some forms of Jewish worship, is a form of prayer used in services and processions, and consisting of a number of petitions. The word comes through Latin ''wikt:litania, litania'' from Ancient Greek wikt:λιτα ...

vespers Vespers /ˈvɛspərz/ () is a Christian liturgy, liturgy of evening prayer, one of the canonical hours in Catholic (both Latin liturgical rites, Latin and Eastern Catholic liturgy, Eastern Catholic liturgical rites), Eastern Orthodox, Oriental O ...

psalms The Book of Psalms ( , ; ; ; ; , in Islam also called Zabur, ), also known as the Psalter, is the first book of the third section of the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible) called ('Writings'), and a book of the Old Testament. The book is an anthology of B ...

church music Church music is a genre of Christian music written for performance in church, or any musical setting of ecclesiastical liturgy, or music set to words expressing propositions of a sacred nature, such as a hymn. History Early Christian musi ...

oratorio An oratorio () is a musical composition with dramatic or narrative text for choir, soloists and orchestra or other ensemble. Similar to opera, an oratorio includes the use of a choir, soloists, an instrumental ensemble, various distinguisha ...

cantata A cantata (; ; literally "sung", past participle feminine singular of the Italian language, Italian verb ''cantare'', "to sing") is a vocal music, vocal Musical composition, composition with an musical instrument, instrumental accompaniment, ty ...

s, a

Requiem A Requiem (Latin: ''rest'') or Requiem Mass, also known as Mass for the dead () or Mass of the dead (), is a Mass of the Catholic Church offered for the repose of the souls of the deceased, using a particular form of the Roman Missal. It is ...

and other shorter and fragmentary works. Beginning in 1768 and ending in 1791, his sacred works are considered some of the most important and influential ever written. Pulling away from the basis of the sacred works of

Bach Johann Sebastian Bach (German: �joːhan zeˈbasti̯an baχ ( – 28 July 1750) was a German composer and musician of the late Baroque period. He is known for his prolific output across a variety of instruments and forms, including the or ...

Handel George Frideric (or Frederick) Handel ( ; baptised , ; 23 February 1685 – 14 April 1759) was a German-British Baroque composer well-known for his operas, oratorios, anthems, concerti grossi, and organ concerti. Born in Halle, Germany, H ...

, which at the time of his later output (around 1780 to 1791) had gone out of fashion, his sacred works eventually resulted in the

, which was left unfinished at his early death in 1791.

Masses (1768–1783)

Litanies (1771–1776)

Vespers and psalms (1774–1780)

Church music (1767–1791)

Oratorios and cantatas (1767–1785)

Requiem (1791)

The Requiem in D minor was Mozart's last composition, written between October and December of 1791. It was left unfinished at his death on 5 December 1791, and after his burial on 6 December, Constanze asked

Franz Xaver Süssmayr Franz Xaver Süssmayr or Süßmayr (; 1766 – September 17, 1803), also anglicized as Suessmayr, was an Austrian composer and conductor. Popular in his day, he is now known primarily as the composer who completed Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's unfini ...

to complete the remainder of the work (from bar 9 of the "

Lacrimosa The ''Lacrimosa'' (Latin for " weeping/tearful"), is part of the Dies Irae sequence in the Catholic Requiem Mass. Its text comes from the Latin 18th and 19th stanzas of the sequence. Many composers, including Mozart, Berlioz, and Verdi have set ...

" to the final "

Communio ''Communio'' () is a federation of theological journals, founded in 1972 by Joseph Ratzinger, Hans Urs von Balthasar, and Henri de Lubac. ''Communio'' is now published in thirteen editions (including German, English, and Spanish). The journal ...

)". Constanze originally asked Joseph Eybler, but he could not. It is thought that his respect for the late Mozart was too great. Eybler wrote out the existing parts that Mozart had written out prior to his death, and did not go beyond the end of the ninth bar of the "Lacrimosa". Eybler's autograph is the only score of the original version of the Requiem, ending at the ninth bar of the "Lacrimosa". Süssmayr continued writing the Requiem on Mozart's manuscript, and so it was never specified where Mozart stopped and Süssmayr started. The version by Süssmayr is the most commonly recorded and performed version of the work, with the completed "

Offertorium ''Offertorium'' ( Russian ''Жертвоприношение'') is a concerto for violin and orchestra composed by Sofia Gubaidulina in 1980 and revised in 1982 and 1986. It was dedicated to Gidon Kremer, who in touring with it around the worl ...

", "

Sanctus The ''Sanctus'' (, "Holy") is a hymn in Christian liturgy. It may also be called the ''epinikios hymnos'' (, "Hymn of Victory") when referring to the Greek rendition and parts of it are sometimes called "Benedictus". ''Tersanctus'' (Latin: "Thr ...

", "

Benedictus Benedictus, Latin for "blessed" or "a blessed person", may refer to: Music * "Benedictus" (canticle), also called the "Canticle of Zachary", a canticle in the Gospel of Lukas * Part of the "Sanctus", a hymn and part of the eucharistic prayer in W ...

" and "Communio". Süssmayr made minor corrections to the "Domine Jesu" and "Hostias", but the "Sanctus" is the first movement entirely by him. The 20th century has seen the appearance of numerous alternative completions that are either trying to simply correct Süssmayr's shortcomings or going so far as eliminating as much of Süssmayr as possible.

Fragments and unfinished works (1766–1791)

Theatre music

Operas (1766–1791)

Mozart's operas, if ''

Die Schuldigkeit des ersten Gebots ' (complete title in historical spelling: '; The Obligation of the First and Foremost Commandment), Köchel-Verzeichnis, K. 35, is a sacred musical play (''geistliches Singspiel'') composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1767 when he was 11 years o ...

'', ''

Zaide ''Zaide'' (originally, ''Das Serail'') is an unfinished German-language opera, K. 344, written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1780. Emperor Joseph II, in 1778, was in the process of setting up an opera company for the purpose of performing ...

'', ''

L'oca del Cairo ' (''The Goose of Cairo'' or ''The Cairo Goose'', K. 422) is an incomplete Italian opera buffa in three acts, begun by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in July 1783 but abandoned in October. The complete libretto by Giambattista Varesco remains. Mozart ...

'', ''

Lo sposo deluso Lo may refer to any of the following: Arts and entertainment * Comic LO, a Japanese ''lolicon''-focused erotic manga magazine * '' Lo!'', the third published nonfiction work of the author Charles Fort * L.O., a fictional character in the Playho ...

'' and ''

Der Stein der Weisen ' (German for ''The Philosopher's Stone, or the Enchanted Isle'') is a singspiel in two acts, jointly composed by Johann Baptist Henneberg, Benedikt Schack, Franz Xaver Gerl, Emanuel Schikaneder, and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1790. The libretto ...

'' are included, add up to 23 works. The works mentioned are sometimes excluded from lists of Mozart's operas due to their debatable form. ''Die Schuldigkeit des ersten Gebots'' is regarded as a "sacred drama", ''Zaide'', ''L'oca del Cairo'' and ''Lo sposo deluso'' are unfinished, with only uncompleted fragments making up the latter, and ''Der Stein der Weisen'' is a collaborative work.

Ballet music (1778–1783)

Mozart's small amount of ballet music are regarded as minor works, and a majority of them are either fragmented, incomplete or spurious. His only full-scale ballets are K. Anh. 10 and K. 367, the rest are all either small stand-alone works or incomplete works. The Gavotte in B-flat, K. 300, isn't technically ballet music, but a dance, and so would nowadays be catalogued with Mozart's other dance music. But the

Neue Mozart-Ausgabe The ''Neue Mozart-Ausgabe'' (''NMA''; English: ''New Mozart Edition'') is the second complete works edition of the music of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. A longer and more formal title for the edition is ''Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791): Neue ...

regards it as ballet music.

Arias, songs and vocal ensembles (1765–1791)

Throughout Mozart's life, he wrote a large number of stand-alone arias and vocal ensembles. Most of these are concert arias, with some being alternative arias or ensembles to operas. His first work in this field was written in 1765 ("Va, dal furor portata") and the last in 1791 ("Io ti lascio, o cara, addio"). He also wrote two works for multiple vocalists (K. 479 and K. 480), either intended to be played alone or as an interjection ensemble in an operatic work. His other "

secular Secularity, also the secular or secularness (from Latin , or or ), is the state of being unrelated or neutral in regards to religion. The origins of secularity can be traced to the Bible itself. The concept was fleshed out through Christian hi ...

" vocal works include canons and

lieder In the Western classical music tradition, ( , ; , ; ) is a term for setting poetry to classical music. The term is used for any kind of song in contemporary German and Dutch, but among English and French speakers, is often used interchangea ...

Orchestral works

Symphonies

Mozart's symphonic production covers a 24-year interval, from

1764 Events January–June * January 7 – The Siculicidium is carried out as hundreds of the Székely minority in Transylvania are massacred by the Austrian Army at Madéfalva. * January 19 – John Wilkes is expelled from th ...

1788 Events January–March * January 1 – The first edition of ''The Times'', previously ''The Daily Universal Register'', is published in London. * January 2 – Georgia ratifies the United States Constitution, and becomes the fourth U.S ...

. According to most recent investigations, Mozart wrote not just the 41 symphonies reported in traditional editions, but up to 68 complete works of this type. However, by convention, the original numbering has been retained, and so his last symphony is still known as "No. 41". Some of the symphonies (K. 297, 385, 550) were revised by the author after their first versions.

Piano concertos

Mozart's concertos for piano and orchestra are numbered from 1 to 27. The

first four The First Four is a play-in round of the NCAA Division I men's and women's basketball tournaments. It consists of two games contested between the four lowest-ranked teams in the field (usually the four lowest-ranked conference champions), an ...

numbered concertos are early works. The movements of these concertos are arrangements of keyboard sonatas by various contemporary composers (Raupach, Honauer, Schobert, Eckart, C. P. E. Bach). There are also three unnumbered concertos, K. 107, which are adapted from piano sonatas by J. C. Bach. Concertos 7 and 10 are compositions for three and two pianos respectively. The remaining twenty-one, listed below, are original compositions for solo piano and orchestra. Among them, fifteen were written in the years from

1782 Events January–March * January 7 – The first American commercial bank (Bank of North America) opens. * January 15 – Superintendent of Finance Robert Morris (financier), Robert Morris goes before the United States Con ...

1786 Events January–March * January 3 – The third Treaty of Hopewell is signed between the United States and the Choctaw. * January 6 – The outward bound East Indiaman '' Halsewell'' is wrecked on the south coast of Englan ...

, while in the last five years Mozart wrote just two more piano concertos. * Piano Concerto No. 5 in D major, K. 175 (1773) * Piano Concerto No. 6 in B major, K. 238 (1776) * Piano Concerto No. 7 in F major for Three Pianos, "Lodron", K. 242 (1776) * Piano Concerto No. 8 in C major, "Lützow", K. 246 (1776) * Piano Concerto No. 9 in E major, "Jenamy", K. 271 (1777) * Piano Concerto No. 10 in E major for Two Pianos, K. 365/316a (1779) * Piano Concerto No. 11 in F major, K. 413/387a (1782-83) * Piano Concerto No. 12 in A major, K. 414/385p (1782) * Piano Concerto No. 13 in C major, K. 415/387b (1782-83) * Piano Concerto No. 14 in E major, K. 449 (1784) * Piano Concerto No. 15 in B major, K. 450 (1784) * Piano Concerto No. 16 in D major, K. 451 (1784) * Piano Concerto No. 17 in G major, K. 453 (1784) * Piano Concerto No. 18 in B major, K. 456 (1784) * Piano Concerto No. 19 in F major, K. 459 (1784) * Piano Concerto No. 20 in D minor, K. 466 (1785) * Piano Concerto No. 21 in C major, K. 467 (1785) * Piano Concerto No. 22 in E major, K. 482 (1785) * Piano Concerto No. 23 in A major, K. 488 (1786) * Piano Concerto No. 24 in C minor, K. 491 (1786) * Piano Concerto No. 25 in C major, K. 503 (1786) * Piano Concerto No. 26 in D major, "Coronation", K. 537 (1788) * Piano Concerto No. 27 in B major, K. 595 (1791) There are also two isolated rondos for piano and orchestra: * Rondo for piano and orchestra in D major, K. 382 (1782) * Rondo for piano and orchestra in A major, K. 386 (1782) The early arrangements are as follows: * Piano Concerto No. 1 in F major, K. 37 (1767) * Piano Concerto No. 2 in B major, K. 39 (1767) * Piano Concerto No. 3 in D major, K. 40 (1767) * Piano Concerto No. 4 in G major, K. 41 (1767) * Three Piano Concertos in D major, G major and E major, K. 107 (1771 or 1765)

Violin concertos

Mozart's five violin concertos were written in Salzburg around 1775, except the first around 1773. They are notable for the beauty of their melodies and the skillful use of the expressive and technical characteristics of the instrument, though Mozart likely never went through all the violin possibilities that others (e.g.

Beethoven Ludwig van Beethoven (baptised 17 December 177026 March 1827) was a German composer and pianist. He is one of the most revered figures in the history of Western music; his works rank among the most performed of the classical music repertoire ...

and

Brahms Johannes Brahms (; ; 7 May 1833 – 3 April 1897) was a German composer, virtuoso pianist, and conductor of the mid- Romantic period. His music is noted for its rhythmic vitality and freer treatment of dissonance, often set within studied ye ...

) did after him. (

Alfred Einstein Alfred Einstein (December 30, 1880February 13, 1952) was a German-American musicologist and music editor. He was born in Munich, and fled Nazi Germany after Adolf Hitler, Hitler's ''Machtergreifung'', arriving in the United States by 1939. He is b ...

notes that the violin concerto-like sections in the serenades are more virtuosic than in the works titled Violin Concertos.) * Violin Concerto No. 1 in B major, K. 207 (1773) * Violin Concerto No. 2 in D major, K. 211 (1775) * Violin Concerto No. 3 in G major, "Straßburg", K. 216 (1775) * Violin Concerto No. 4 in D major, K. 218 (1775) * Violin Concerto No. 5 in A major, "Turkish", K. 219 (1775) Mozart also wrote a concertone for two violins and orchestra, an adagio and two stand-alone rondos for violin and orchestra. * Concertone for two Violins and Orchestra in C major, K. 190/186E (1774) * Adagio for violin and orchestra in E major, K. 261 (1776) * Rondo for violin and orchestra in B major, K. 269/261a (between 1775 and 1777) * Rondo for violin and orchestra in C major, K. 373 (1781) In addition, there are three works that are spuriously attributed to Mozart. * Violin Concerto in E major, K. 268/365b/Anh. C 14.04 ("No. 6") (1780) (attributed to Johann Friedrich Eck) * Violin Concerto in D major, "Kolb", K. 271a/271i ("No. 7") (1777) (doubtful) * Violin Concerto in D major, "Adélaïde", K. Anh. 294a/Anh. C 14.05 (1933) (actually written by

Marius Casadesus Marius Casadesus (24 October 1892 – 13 October 1981) was a French violinist and composer. He was the brother of Henri Casadesus, uncle of the famed pianist Robert Casadesus, and grand-uncle to Jean Casadesus. Marius Casadesus achieved perhaps h ...

)

Brass concertos

Arguably the most widely played concertos for

horn Horn may refer to: Common uses * Horn (acoustic), a tapered sound guide ** Horn antenna ** Horn loudspeaker ** Vehicle horn ** Train horn *Horn (anatomy), a pointed, bony projection on the head of various animals * Horn (instrument), a family ...

, the four Horn Concertos are a major part of most professional horn players' repertoire. They were written for Mozart's lifelong friend Joseph Leutgeb. The concertos (especially the fourth) were written as virtuoso vehicles that allow the soloist to show a variety of abilities on the valveless horns of Mozart's day. The Horn Concertos are characterized by an elegant and humorous dialogue between the soloist and the orchestra. Many of the autographs contain jokes aimed at the dedicatee. * Horn Concerto No. 1 in D major, K. 412 (1791, unfinished at Mozart's death) * Horn Concerto No. 2 in E major, K. 417 (1783) * Horn Concerto No. 3 in E major, K. 447 (c. 1784–7) * Horn Concerto No. 4 in E major, K. 495 (1786) There are some other unfinished Mozart works for horn and orchestra: * Horn Concerto, K. 370b+371 in E major (1781) * Horn Concerto, K. 494a in E major (c. 1785–6)

Woodwind concertos

Bassoon Concerto A bassoon concerto is a concerto for bassoon accompanied by a musical ensemble, typically orchestra. Like bassoon sonatas, bassoon concerti were relatively uncommon until the twentieth century, although there are quite a few bassoon concerti fro ...

in B major, K. 191 (1774) * Concerto for Flute, Harp, and Orchestra in C major, K. 299 (1778) *

Oboe Concerto A number of concertos (as well as non-concerto works) have been written for the oboe, both as a solo instrument as well as in conjunction with other solo instrument(s), and accompanied by string orchestra, chamber orchestra, full orchestra, concert ...

in C major, K. 314 (1777) (has come down to us as the second flute concerto, but was almost certainly an oboe concerto) * Flute Concerto No. 1 in G major, K. 313 (1778) * Flute Concerto No. 2 in D major, K. 314 (1778) (an arrangement of the above

) * Andante for flute and orchestra in C major, K. 315/285e (1778) *

Clarinet Concerto A clarinet concerto is a concerto for clarinet; that is, a musical composition for solo clarinet together with a large ensemble (such as an orchestra or concert band). Albert Rice has identified a work by Giuseppe Antonio Paganelli as possibly th ...

in A major, K. 622 (1791; originally was for basset horn and was in the key of G major) * Bassoon Concerto in B major, K. 230a/Anh. C 14.03 (Discovered in set of parts in

The Hague The Hague ( ) is the capital city of the South Holland province of the Netherlands. With a population of over half a million, it is the third-largest city in the Netherlands. Situated on the west coast facing the North Sea, The Hague is the c ...

attributed to Mozart; authenticity widely doubted from start. Most likely composed by

François Devienne François Devienne (; 31 January 1759 – 5 September 1803) was a French composer of the Classical period (music), Classical period and professor for flute at the Conservatoire de Paris, Paris Conservatory. Career Devienne was born in Joinvill ...

) * Oboe Concerto in E major, K. 294b/Anh. C 14.06 (Doubtful authenticity) ;Others * Basset Horn Concerto in G major, K. 584b/621b (fragment; transcribed and finished to become the well-known clarinet concerto) * Oboe Concerto in F major, K. 293/416f – Allegro (fragment) * Flute Concerto, K. 673 (lost or unrealised)

Concertante symphonies

* Sinfonia Concertante for Violin, Viola and Orchestra in E major, K. 364 (1779) * Sinfonia Concertante for Oboe, Clarinet, Horn, Bassoon and Orchestra in E major, K. 297b (Anh. 9 and later Anh. C 14.01) (probably spurious arrangement of lost Sinfonia Concertante for Flute, Oboe, Horn, Bassoon and Orchestra from 1778) These were not Mozart's only attempts at the genre; another fragmentary work was also composed around the same time, though not completed. * Sinfonia Concertante for Violin, Viola, Cello and Orchestra in A major, K. 320e (Anh. 104) (c. 1779, fragment)

Other concertos

* Concerto for Violin, Piano, and Orchestra in D major, K. 315f (Anh. 56) (1778, fragment) * Concerto for Trumpet, K. 47c (1768, lost) * Cello Concerto, K. 206a (1775, lost)

Piano music

Mozart's earliest composition attempts begin with

s and other piano pieces, as this is the instrument on which his musical education took place. Almost everything that he wrote for piano was intended to be played by himself (or by his sister, also a proficient piano player). Examples of his earliest works are those found in '' Nannerl's Music Book''. Between 1782 and 1786, Mozart wrote 20 works for piano solo (including sonatas,

variations Variation or Variations may refer to: Science and mathematics * Variation (astronomy), any perturbation of the mean motion or orbit of a planet or satellite, particularly of the moon * Genetic variation, the difference in DNA among individual ...

, fantasias, suites,

fugue In classical music, a fugue (, from Latin ''fuga'', meaning "flight" or "escape""Fugue, ''n''." ''The Concise Oxford English Dictionary'', eleventh edition, revised, ed. Catherine Soanes and Angus Stevenson (Oxford and New York: Oxford Universit ...

rondo The rondo or rondeau is a musical form that contains a principal theme (music), theme (sometimes called the "refrain") which alternates with one or more contrasting themes (generally called "episodes", but also referred to as "digressions" or "c ...

) and works for piano four hands and two pianos.

Solo piano works

Dual piano/performer works

Piano four-hands

Sonata in C major for keyboard four-hands, K. 19d The Sonata in C major, Köchel catalogue, K. 19d, is a work for piano four-hands once thought to be composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1765 when he was nine years old in England. Composed in the traditional sonata form, it is one of the very f ...

(doubtful) (London, May 1765) * Sonata in D major for piano four-hands, K. 381/123a (1772) * Sonata in B major for piano four-hands, K. 358/186c (1774) * Sonata in F major for piano four-hands, K. 497 (Vienna, August 1786) * Sonata in C major for piano four-hands, K. 521 (1787) * Sonata in G major for piano four-hands, K. 357 (incomplete) (1786) * Fugue in G minor, K. 401 (incomplete) (1782) * Andante and 5 Variations in G major, K. 501 (1786) *

Adagio and Allegro in F minor for a mechanical organ, K. 594 Adagio and Allegro in F minor for a mechanical organ, Köchel catalogue, K. 594, is a composition by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, completed in late 1790. Background The piece was commissioned by Count for use as a funeral mass to be played on a m ...

(1790) (organ, composer's transcription) * Fantasia in F minor, K. 608 (1791) (organ, composer's transcription) ;Others *Allegro in G major, K. 357/497a (1786-87; fragment)

Two pianos

* Sonata for Two Pianos in D major, K. 448/375a (1781) * Fugue in C minor for Two Keyboards, K. 426 (1783) (transcribed in 1788 for string quartet as K. 546) * Larghetto and Allegretto for Two Pianos in E major, K. 681 (completed by Maximilian Stadler) ;Others *Allegro in C minor for Two Pianos, K.Anh. 44/426a (1783-86; fragment)

Chamber music

Chamber music with piano

Violin music

Mozart also wrote sonatas for keyboard and

violin The violin, sometimes referred to as a fiddle, is a wooden chordophone, and is the smallest, and thus highest-pitched instrument (soprano) in regular use in the violin family. Smaller violin-type instruments exist, including the violino picc ...

. For the most part, these are keyboard-centric sonatas where the violin plays a more accompanying role. In later years, the role of the violin grew to not just a support to the other solo instrument, but to build a dialogue with it. The 'Violin Sonatas', KV 10–15, are unique in that they include an '' ad lib.'' cello part along with the score for violin and keyboard. The ''

'' (1966) therefore includes them along with the other keyboard trios, although the

(K⁶, 1964) lists them as normal violin sonatas.

= Violin sonatas

Childhood violin sonatas (1762–66)

* Violin Sonatas, KV 6–9 (1762-64) **Sonata No. 1 in C for Keyboard and Violin, K. 6 (1762-1764) **Sonata No. 2 in D for Keyboard and Violin, K. 7 (1763-1764) **Sonata No. 3 in B for Keyboard and Violin, K. 8 (1763-1764) **Sonata No. 4 in G for Keyboard and Violin, K. 9 (1764) * Violin Sonatas, KV 10–15 (1764) **Sonata No. 5 in B for Keyboard with Violin (or Flute) and Cello, K. 10 (1764) **Sonata No. 6 in G for Keyboard with Violin (or Flute) and Cello, K. 11 (1764) **Sonata No. 7 in A for Keyboard with Violin (or Flute) and Cello, K. 12 (1764) **Sonata No. 8 in F for Keyboard with Violin (or Flute) and Cello, K. 13 (1764) **Sonata No. 9 in C for Keyboard with Violin (or Flute) and Cello, K. 14 (1764) **Sonata No. 10 in B for Keyboard with Violin (or Flute) and Cello, K. 15 (1764) * Violin Sonatas, KV 26–31 (1766) **Sonata No. 11 in E for Keyboard and Violin, K. 26 (1766) **Sonata No. 12 in G for Keyboard and Violin, K. 27 (1766) **Sonata No. 13 in C for Keyboard and Violin, K. 28 (1766) **Sonata No. 14 in D for Keyboard and Violin, K. 29 (1766) **Sonata No. 15 in F for Keyboard and Violin, K. 30 (1766) **Sonata No. 16 in B for Keyboard and Violin, K. 31 (1766) * Sonata in D for Keyboard and Violin, K. 630 (1766, doubtful)

Mature violin sonatas (1778–88)

= Variations for violin and piano

= * 12 Variations in G major on "La bergère Célimène", K. 359 (1781) * 6 Variations in G minor on "Hélas, j'ai perdu mon amant", K. 360 (1781)

Piano trios

* Piano Trio No. 1 in B-flat major (Divertimento), K. 254 (1776) * Piano Trio No. 2 in G major, K. 496 (1786) * Piano Trio No. 3 in B-flat major, K. 502 (1786) * Piano Trio No. 4 in E major, K. 542 (1788) * Piano Trio No. 5 in C major, K. 548 (1788) * Piano Trio No. 6 in G major, K. 564 (1788) ;Others * Piano Trio in D minor, K. 442 (1785–88; fragment, completed by M. Stadler) * Piano Trio in B major, K.Anh. 51/501a (1786; fragment) * Piano Trio in G major, K.Anh. 52/495a (1786; fragment)

Piano quartets

* Piano Quartets (piano, violin, viola, cello): ** Piano Quartet No. 1 in G minor, K. 478 (1785) ** Piano Quartet No. 2 in E major, K. 493 (1786)

Other chamber music with piano

* Quintet for Piano and Winds (piano, oboe, clarinet, horn, bassoon) in E major, K. 452 (1784) * Trio for Clarinet, Viola and Piano in E major, "Kegelstatt", K. 498 (1786) ;Fragments * Quintet for Piano and Winds (piano, oboe, clarinet, basset horn, bassoon) in B major, K. Anh. 54/452a (1784; fragment)

Chamber music without piano

String duos

* Duo for Violin and Viola No. 1 in G major, K. 423 (1783) * Duo for Violin and Viola No. 2 in B major, K. 424 (1783)

String trios

* Trio for 2 Violins and Cello in B major, K. 266/271f (1777) * Divertimento for String Trio (violin, viola, and cello) in E major, K. 563 (1788) * '' Ganz kleine Nachtmusik'' for 2 violins and cello, K. 648 (mid to late 1760s) ;Others * Preludes and Fugues for Violin, Viola and Cello, K. 404a (1782) * Trio for Violin, Viola and Cello in G major, K. Anh. 66/562e (1788, fragment)

String quartets

* String Quartet No. 1 in G major, "Lodi", K. 80/73f (1770) * ''Milanese'' Quartets, K. 155–160 (1772–1773) : This cycle, in three movements, is interesting as far as these works can be considered precursors of the later—more complete—string quartets. :* String Quartet No. 2 in D major, K. 155/134a (1772) :*String Quartet No. 3 in G major, K. 156/134b (1772) :*String Quartet No. 4 in C major, K. 157 (1772–73) :*String Quartet No. 5 in F major, K. 158 (1772–73) :*String Quartet No. 6 in B major, K. 159 (1773) :*String Quartet No. 7 in E major, K. 160/159a (1773) * ''Viennese'' Quartets, K. 168–173 (1773) : Much more stylistically developed. In Vienna Mozart is believed to have heard the op. 17 and op. 20 quartets of

Joseph Haydn Franz Joseph Haydn ( ; ; 31 March 173231 May 1809) was an Austrian composer of the Classical period (music), Classical period. He was instrumental in the development of chamber music such as the string quartet and piano trio. His contributions ...

, and had received from them a deep impression. :*String Quartet No. 8 in F major, K. 168 (1773) :*String Quartet No. 9 in A major, K. 169 (1773) :*String Quartet No. 10 in C major, K. 170 (1773) :*String Quartet No. 11 in E major, K. 171 (1773) :*String Quartet No. 12 in B major, K. 172 (1773) :*String Quartet No. 13 in D minor, K. 173 (1773) * ''Haydn'' Quartets, K. 387, 421, 428, 458, 464, 465, Op. 10 (1782–1785) : Mozart returned to the quartet in the early 1780s after he had moved to Vienna, met Haydn in person, and developed a friendship with the older composer. Haydn had just published his set of six quartets, Op. 33, which are thought to have been a stimulus to Mozart in returning to the genre. These quartets are often regarded as among the pinnacles of the genre. :* String Quartet No. 14 in G major, "Spring", K. 387 (1782) :* String Quartet No. 15 in D minor, K. 421/417b (1783) :* String Quartet No. 16 in E major, K. 428/421b (1783) :* String Quartet No. 17 in B major, "The Hunt", K. 458 (1784) :* String Quartet No. 18 in A major, K. 464 (1785) :* String Quartet No. 19 in C major, "Dissonance", K. 465 (1785) * String Quartet No. 20 in D major, "Hoffmeister", K. 499 (1786) :This work was published by (dedicated to?)

Franz Anton Hoffmeister Franz Anton Hoffmeister (12 May 1754 – 9 February 1812) was a German and Austrian composer and music publisher. Early years Franz Anton Hoffmeister was born in Rottenburg am Neckar, Further Austria, on 12 May 1754. At the age of fourteen ...

, as well as the ''Prussian'' Quartets. * ''Prussian'' Quartets, K. 575, 589, 590, Op. 18 (1789–1790) :Mozart's last three quartets, dedicated to the King of Prussia, Friedrich Wilhelm II, are noted for the ''cantabile'' character of the parts for cello (the instrument played by the king himself), the sweetness of sounds and the equilibrium among the different instruments. :* String Quartet No. 21 in D major, K. 575 (1789) “Prussian No. 1” :* String Quartet No. 22 in B major, K. 589 (1790) “Prussian No. 2” :* String Quartet No. 23 in F major, K. 590 (1790) “Prussian No. 3” ;Others * Fugues for 2 Violins, Viola and Cello, K. 405 (1782) * Adagio and Fugue in C minor for 2 Violins, Viola and Cello, K. 546 (1788) (a transcription from Fugue in C minor for Two Keyboards, K. 426) * Canon in C major for 2 Violins, Viola and Cello, K. Anh. 191/562c (1788, attribution uncertain) * String Quartet in E minor, K. 417d (1789; fragment) * String Quartet in G minor, K. 587a (1789; fragment) * String Quartet in E major, K. 680 (c. 1781–1782; fragment)

String quintets

The

s (K. 174, 406, 515, 516, 593, 614), for two violins, two violas and cello.

Charles Rosen Charles Welles Rosen (May 5, 1927December 9, 2012) was an American pianist and writer on music. He is remembered for his career as a concert pianist, for his recordings, and for his many writings, notable among them the book '' The Classical St ...

wrote that "by general consent, Mozart's greatest achievement in chamber music is the group of string quintets with two violas." * String Quintet No. 1 in B major, K. 174 (1773) * String Quintet No. 2 in C minor, K. 406 (516b) – This is a transcription for string quintet of the earlier Serenade for wind octet in C minor, K. 388. (1787) * String Quintet No. 3 in C major, K. 515 (1787) * String Quintet No. 4 in G minor, K. 516 (1787) * String Quintet No. 5 in D major, K. 593 (1790) * String Quintet No. 6 in E major, K. 614 (1791) ;Others *String Quintet in B major, K. 514a (fragment; 1787 or later) *String Quintet in A minor, K. 515c+515a (fragment; 1791)

Other chamber music without piano

* Flute Quartets (flute, violin, viola, cello): ** Flute Quartet No. 1 in D major K. 285 (1777–1778) ** Flute Quartet No. 2 in G major K. 285a (1777–1778) ** Flute Quartet No. 3 in C major K. Anh. 171/285b (1781–1782) ** Flute Quartet No. 4 in A major K. 298 (1786–1787) * Sonata for Bassoon and Violoncello in B major, K. 292 (1775) * Oboe Quartet (oboe, violin, viola, cello) in F major, K. 370 (1781) * Horn Quintet (horn, violin, two violas, cello) in E major, K. 407 (1782) * Adagio in F major for two basset horns and bassoon, K. 410/484d (1785) * Adagio in B major for two clarinets and three basset horns, K. 411/484a (1785) * 12 Duets for two horns in C major, K. 487 (1786, incorrectly published as being for basset horns) *

Clarinet Quintet Traditionally a clarinet quintet is a chamber musical ensemble made up of one clarinet, plus the standard string quartet of two violins, one viola, and one cello. Now the term clarinet quintet can refer to any combination of instruments in the c ...

(clarinet, two violins, viola, cello) in A major, K. 581 (1789) * Adagio and Rondo for glass harmonica, flute, oboe, viola and cello, K. 617 (1791) * Adagio in C major for Glass Harmonica, K. 356/617a (1791) * Adagio in F major for clarinet and three basset horns, K.Anh. 93 * Adagio in F major for clarinet and three basset horns, K.Anh. 94 * Allegro assai in B major for two clarinets and three horns, K.Anh. 95 * Allegro in B major, K.Anh. 96 (for 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, and 2 horns) ;Fragments * Andante in B major, K. 384B (fragment; for 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, and 2 horns) * Allegro in C major for basset horn and ??, K. 484e (fragment; with undetermined instrumentation) * Clarinet Quintet fragment in B major, K. 516c/Anh. 91 – Allegro (for clarinet, 2 violins, viola, cello; 1787) * Clarinet Quintet fragment in E major, K. 516d – Andante (for clarinet, 2 violins, viola, cello; 1787) * Clarinet Quintet fragment in E major, K. 516e/Anh. 89 – Rondò (for clarinet, 2 violins, viola, cello; 1787) * Clarinet Quintet fragment in F major, K. 580b/Anh. 90 – Allegro (for clarinet, basset horn, violin, viola and cello; 1789)

Serenades, divertimenti, and other instrumental works

The production for instrumental ensembles includes several divertimenti, cassations, notturni,

, and a

quodlibet A quodlibet (; Latin for "whatever you wish" from '' quod'', "what" and '' libet'', "pleases") is a musical composition that combines several different melodies—usually popular tunes—in counterpoint, and often in a light-hearted, humorous ma ...

, besides, of course, his

. Mozart's production for orchestra is written for string ensembles (like the early Divertimenti K. 136–138), as well as for wind ensembles and the varied combinations of strings and winds.

Serenades

*Cassation in D major (Serenade No. 1), K. 100/62a (1769) *4 Contredanses in F major (Serenade No. 2), K. 101/250a (1776) *Serenade No. 3 in D major, "Antretter", K. 185/167a (1773) * Serenade No. 4 in D major, "Colloredo", K. 203/189b (1774) * Serenade No. 5 in D major, K. 204/213a (1775) * Serenade No. 6 in D major, "Serenata Notturna", K. 239 (1776) * Serenade No. 7 in D major, "Haffner", K. 250/248b (1776) *Notturno in D for Four Orchestras (Serenade No. 8), K. 286/269a (December 1776 or January 1777) (each of the four "orchestras" consists of 2 horns in D, violins I and II, viola and cello) * Serenade No. 9 in D major, "Posthorn", K. 320 (1779) * Serenade No. 10 for twelve winds and double bass in B major, "Gran Partita", K. 361/370a (1781) * Serenade No. 11 for winds in E major, K. 375 (1781–82) * Serenade No. 12 for winds in C minor, K. 388/384a (1782) * Serenade No. 13 for string quartet and double bass in G major, "Eine kleine Nachtmusik", K. 525 (1787) *Serenade in C or '' Ganz kleine Nachtmusik'' for 2 violins and cello, K. 648 (mid to late 1760s) ;Others * Cassation in G major, K. 63 (1769) * Cassation in B major, K. 99/63a (1769; Probable first performance based on ensemble) * Cassation in D major, K. 100/62a (alternative title: Serenade No. 1) (1769)

Divertimenti

* Divertimento No. 1 in E major, K. 113 (1771) * Divertimento No. 2 in D major, K. 131 (1772) * Divertimento for string quartet or string orchestra in D major, K. 136/125a ("Salzburg Symphony No. 1") (1772) * Divertimento for string quartet or string orchestra in B major, K. 137/125b ("Salzburg Symphony No. 2") (1772) * Divertimento for string quartet or string orchestra in F major, K. 138/125c ("Salzburg Symphony No. 3") (1772) * Divertimento No. 3 for winds in E major, K. 166/159d (1773) * Divertimento No. 4 for winds in B major, K. 186/159b (1773) * Divertimento No. 5 for winds in C major, K. 187 (Anh. C 17.12) (1773) (spurious, by

Leopold Mozart Johann Georg Leopold Mozart (November 14, 1719 – May 28, 1787) was a German composer, violinist, and music theorist. He is best known today as the father and teacher of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and for his violin textbook ''Versuch einer grün ...

) * Divertimento No. 6 for winds in C major, K. 188/240b (1773) * Divertimento No. 7 in D major, K. 205/167A (1773) * Divertimento No. 8 for winds in F major, K. 213 (1775) * Divertimento No. 9 for winds in B major, K. 240 (1776) * Divertimento No. 10 in F major, K. 247, "Lodron No. 1" ("Lodronische Nachtmusik") (1776) * Divertimento No. 11 in D major, K. 251 (1776) * Divertimento No. 12 for winds in E major, K. 252/240a (1776) * Divertimento No. 13 for winds in F major, K. 253 (1776) * Divertimento for piano, violin and violoncello in B major, K. 254 ("Piano Trio No. 1") (1776) * Divertimento No. 14 for winds in B major, K. 270 (1777) * Divertimento No. 15 in B major, K. 287/271h "Lodron No. 2" ("Lodronische Nachtmusik") (1777) * Divertimento No. 16 for winds in E major, K. 289/271g (1777) (doubtful) * Divertimento No. 17 in D major, K. 334/320b (1779–80) * Five Divertimentos (25 pieces) for three basset horns in B major, K. 439b (Anh. 229) (1783) * Divertimento for two horns and strings in F major, "

A Musical Joke ''A Musical Joke'' () K. 522, (divertimento for two horns in F, and string quartet) is a composition by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart; he entered it in his ' (''Catalogue of All My Works'') on 14 June 1787. Commentators have opined that the pie ...

" ("Ein musikalischer Spaß"), K. 522 (1785–87?) * Divertimento for string trio in E major, K. 563 (1788) ;Others * Quodlibet, '' Gallimathias musicum'' in D major, K. 32 (1766) * March and Divertimento in C major; the music title when the two marches of K. 214 are played before and after the three movements of Symphony in C major, K. 208+(102/213c) (''

Il re pastore ' (''The Shepherd King'') is an opera, K. 208, written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart to an Italian libretto by Metastasio, edited by Giambattista Varesco. It is an opera seria. The opera was first performed on 23 April 1775 in Salzburg in the Rit ...

'') (1772, 1775) Three ''Milanese'' Quartets called "Divertimento": * String Quartet No. 2 in D major, K. 155/134a ("Divertimento") (1772) * String Quartet No. 5 in F major, K. 158 ("Divertimento") (1772–73) * String Quartet No. 6 in B major, K. 159 ("Divertimento") (1773) Incomplete * Divertimento in F major, K. 288/246c (1777) (incomplete) * Divertimento in D major, K. 320B (1772–73) (incomplete)

Marches

* March in D major, K. 62 (Introduction to K. 100 Serenade, also used in ''

Mitridate, re di Ponto ''Mitridate, re di Ponto'' (''Mithridates, King of Pontus''), K. 87 (74a), is an opera seria in three acts by the young Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. The libretto is by , after Giuseppe Parini's Italian translation of Jean Racine's play '' Mithridate ...

'') (1769) * March in D major, K. 189/167b (probably to open/close K. 185 Serenade) (1773) * March in C major, K. 214 (two marches opening and closing the divertimento—three movements of Symphony in C major, K. 208+(102/213c)—''

'') (1775) * March in D major, K. 215/213b (to open and/or close Serenade, K. 204) (1775) * March in D major, K. 237/189c (to open and/or close Serenade, K. 203) (1774) * March in F major, K. 248 (for use with Divertimento No. 10, K. 247) (1776) * March in D major, K. 249 (to open and/or close Serenade, "Haffner", K. 250) (1776) * March in D major, K. 290 (for use with Divertimento No. 7, K. 205/167A) (1772) * March in D major, K. 335/320a, No. 1 (probably to open Serenade, "Posthorn", K. 320) (1779) * March in D major, K. 335/320a, No. 2 (probably to close Serenade, "Posthorn", K. 320) (1779) * March in C major, K. 408/383e, No. 1 (1782) * March in D major, K. 408/385a, No. 2 (1782) * March in C major, K. 408/383F, No. 3 (1782) * March in D major, K. 445/320c (for use with Divertimento No. 17, K. 334) (1780) ;Others * Cassation in G major, K. 63, first movement march (1769) * Divertimento No. 11 in D major, K. 251, sixth movement (1776) * March in D major, K. 544 (1788; lost) Incomplete * March in B major, K. 384b (1782?) (incomplete)

Dances

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart - Manuscrit Autographe Des Deux Menuets Pour Orchestre - K

Mozart left a huge production of

for orchestra in different genres, including more than 100

minuet A minuet (; also spelled menuet) is a social dance of French origin for two people, usually written in time. The English word was adapted from the Italian ''minuetto'' and the French ''menuet''. The term also describes the musical form tha ...

s, over 30

contra dance Contra dance (also contradance, contra-dance and other variant spellings) is a form of folk dance, folk dancing made up of long lines of couples. It has mixed origins from English country dance, Scottish country dance, and French dance styles in ...

s, over 50

allemande An ''allemande'' (''allemanda'', ''almain(e)'', or ''alman(d)'', French: "German (dance)") is a Renaissance and Baroque dance, and one of the most common instrumental dance styles in Baroque music, with examples by Couperin, Purcell, Bach ...

s (''Teitsch'', ''

Ländler The Ländler () is a European folk dance in time. Along with the waltz and allemande, the ländler was sometimes referred to by the generic term German Dance in publications during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Despite its associa ...

'', or German Dances), a

gavotte The gavotte (also gavot, gavote, or gavotta) is a French dance, taking its name from a folk dance of the Gavot, the people of the Gap, Hautes-Alpes, Pays de Gap region of Dauphiné in the southeast of France, where the dance originated, accordin ...

(French folk dance) and

ballet Ballet () is a type of performance dance that originated during the Italian Renaissance in the fifteenth century and later developed into a concert dance form in France and Russia. It has since become a widespread and highly technical form of ...

and

pantomime Pantomime (; informally panto) is a type of musical comedy stage production designed for family entertainment, generally combining gender-crossing actors and topical humour with a story more or less based on a well-known fairy tale, fable or ...

music. In his production of minuets, Mozart generally followed Haydn's example, preferring the slow character of the dance. Allemandes written between 1787 and 1791 were mainly for public balls in Vienna. In the Contredanse production, also written mainly in Vienna, some examples of program music are found, like ''Il Temporale'', K. 534, ''La Bataille'', K. 535, ''Canary'', K. 600/5, etc. Minuet * 7 Menuets, K. 61b/65a (1769) * 2 Menuets, K. 61g (1769–70) * 6 Menuets, K. 61h (including No. 3 Symphony in D major, K. 135+61h) (1769?) * 20 Menuets, K. 103/61d (1770-71) * 6 Menuets, K. 104/61e (1770–71) * 6 Menuets, K. 105/61f (doubtful) (1770-71) * Menuet in E major, K. 122/73t (1770) * 6 Menuets, K. 164/130a (1772) * 16 Menuets, K. 176 (1773) * 3 Menuets, K. 363 (1783?) * Symphonic Minuet in C major, K. 409/383f (1782) * 5 Menuets, K. 461/448a (1784) * 2 Minuets with Contredanses in F major and B major (Quadrilles), K. 463/448c (1784) * 12 Menuets, K. 568 (1788) * 12 Menuets, K. 585 (1789) * 6 Menuets, K. 599 (1791) * 4 Menuets, K. 601 (1791) * 2 Menuets, K. 604 (1791) Contra dance * 4 Contredanses, K. 101/250a (alternative title: Serenade No. 2) (1776) * Overture and 3 Contredanses, K. 106/588a (doubtful) (1790) * Contredanse in B major, K. 123/73g (1770) * 4 Contredanses, K. 267/271c (1777) * 2 or 4 Contredanses for Count Johann Rudolf Czernin, K. 269b (1777) * 6 Contredanses, K. 462/448b (1784) * 9 Countredanses, K. 510/Anh.C 13.02 (1787) * Contredanse in D major, "Das Donnerwetter" (The Thunderstorm), K. 534 (1788) * Contredanse in C major, "La Bataille", K. 535 (1788) * 3 Contredanses, K. 535a (lost) (1788) * Contredanse in B K. 535b (fragment) (1788) * 2 Contredanses, K. 565 (lost) (1788) * Contredanse in D K. 565a (fragment) (1788) * Contredanse in C major, "Der Sieg vom Helden Koburg" (Coburg's Victory), K. 587 (1789) * 2 Contredanses, K. 603 (1791) * Contredanse in E major, "Il Trionfo delle Donne", K. 607/605a (1791) * 5 Contredanses, K. 609 (includes No. 1 "

Non più andrai "Non più andrai" (You shall go no more) is an aria for bass from Mozart's 1786 opera ''The Marriage of Figaro'', K. 492. The Italian libretto was written by Lorenzo Da Ponte based on a stage comedy by Pierre Beaumarchais, '' La folle journée, ...

") (1791) * Contredanse in G major, "Les filles malicieuses", K. 610 (1791) Allemande * 6 German Dances, K. 509 (1787) * 6 German Dances, K. 536 (1788) * 6 German Dances, K. 567 (1788) * 6 German Dances, K. 571 (1789) * 12 German Dances, K. 586 (1789) * 6 German Dances, K. 600 (includes No. 5 Trio: "Der Kanarienvogel" The Canary) (1791) * 4 German Dances, K. 602 (includes No. 3 "Die Leirer") (1791) * Three German Dances, K. 605 (includes No. 3 "Die Schlittenfahrt" Sleigh Ride) (1791) * 6 Ländler in B major, "Ländlerische Tänze", K. 606 (1791) * German Dance in C major, K. 611 "Die Leirer" (1791) Others * Sketch of a ballet, ''Le gelosie del Serraglio'', K. Anh. 109/135a (1772, fragment) * Ballet, '' Les petits riens'' (The Little Nothings), K. Anh. 10/299b (1778) * Sketches for a ballet intermezzo, "Bagatelles Ballet Pantomime", K. 299c (1778, fragment) * ''La Chasse'' (The Hunt) in A major, K. Anh. 103/299d, (1778, fragment) * Gavotte in B major, K. 300 (1778) * Ballet music for ''

Idomeneo (Italian for ''Idomeneus, King of Crete, or, Ilia and Idamante''; usually referred to simply as ''Idomeneo'', Köchel catalogue, K. 366) is an Italian-language opera seria by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. The libretto was adapted by Giambattista Vares ...

'', K. 367 (1781) * ''Musik zu einer Pantomime: Pantalon und Colombine'' (Music to a Pantomime) in D major, K. 446/416d (1783, fragment)

Sacred music

Mozart's sacred music is mainly vocal, though also instrumental examples exist, like the seventeen ''Sonate da chiesa'', composed between 1772 and 1780. His sacred music presents a rich stylistic mosaic: Gregorian choral elements meet rigorous

counterpoint In music theory, counterpoint is the relationship of two or more simultaneous musical lines (also called voices) that are harmonically dependent on each other, yet independent in rhythm and melodic contour. The term originates from the Latin ...

, and even operatic elements can sometimes emerge. Stylistic unity and consistency is present over all his sacred music work.

Masses

Missa brevis ; plural: Missae breves) usually refers to a mass (music), Mass composition that is short because part of the text of the Mass ordinary that is usually set to music in a full Mass (liturgy), Mass is left out, or because its execution time is rel ...

in G major, K. 49 (1768) *

in D minor, K. 65 (1769) * Missa solemnis in C major, ''Dominicusmesse'', K. 66 (1769) *

Missa solemnis in C minor Missa may refer to: * Mass (liturgy) * Mass (music), a choral composition that sets liturgical text to music ** Missa brevis ** Missa solemnis (explains the term and lists several works) * Miss A, a Korean girl group * ''Missa pro defunctis'' and ...

, ''Waisenhausmesse'', K. 139 (1768) *

in G major, ''Pastoralmesse'', K. 140/Anh. C1.12 (1773; attribution uncertain) *

Missa in honorem Sanctissimae Trinitatis Missa may refer to: * Mass (liturgy) * Mass (music), a choral composition that sets liturgical text to music ** Missa brevis ** Missa solemnis (explains the term and lists several works) * Miss A, a Korean girl group * ''Missa pro defunctis'' and ...

, K. 167 (1773) *

in F major, K. 192 (1774) *

in D major, K. 194 (1774) * Sparrow Mass in C major, ''Spatzenmesse'', K. 220 (1775–6) * Credo Mass in C major, ''Credo Mass'', K. 257 (1776) *

in C major, ''Piccolomesse'', K. 258 (1775) *

in C major, ''Organ Solo'', K. 259 (1775–6) *

Missa longa in C major Missa may refer to: * Mass (liturgy) * Mass (music), a choral composition that sets liturgical text to music ** Missa brevis ** Missa solemnis (explains the term and lists several works) * Miss A, a Korean girl group * ''Missa pro defunctis'' and ...

, K. 262 (1776) *

in B major, K. 275 (1777) * Coronation Mass, K. 317 (1779) *

Missa solemnis is Latin for Solemn Mass.Mass
, ''Catholic Encyclopedia''. N.p., Appleton, 1910. 797. and is a genre of < ...

, ''Missa aulica'', K. 337 (1780) *

Great Mass in C minor ''Great Mass in C minor'' (), K. 427/417a, is the common name of the musical setting of the mass by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, which is considered one of his greatest works. He composed it in Vienna in 1782 and 1783, aged 24-25, after his marriag ...

, K. 427/417a (1782–3; abandoned/unfinished and partially lost, reconstructed and/or completed by musicologists and composers since the 20th century) * Requiem Mass in D minor, K. 626 (1791; unfinished, completed by

after Mozart's death, recompleted/revised by other musicologists and composers since the 20th century)

Oratorios

*''

'', K. 35 (1767) (Only the first part) *'' La Betulia liberata'', K. 118/74c (1771)

Cantatas

*''Grabmusik'' (Cantata on the Holy Grave of Christ), K. 42/35a (1767) *'' Davide penitente'', K. 469 (1785)

Church sonatas

* Church Sonata No. 1 in E, K. 67/41h (1772) * Church Sonata No. 2 in B, K. 68/41i (1772) * Church Sonata No. 3 in D, K. 69/41k (1772) * Church Sonata No. 4 in D, K. 144/124a (1774) * Church Sonata No. 5 in F, K. 145/124b (1774) * Church Sonata No. 6 in B, K. 212 (1775) * Church Sonata No. 7 in F, K. 224/241a (1776) * Church Sonata No. 8 in A, K. 225/241b (1776) * Church Sonata No. 9 in G, K. 241 (1776) * Church Sonata No. 10 in F, K. 244 (1776) * Church Sonata No. 11 in D, K. 245 (1776) * Church Sonata No. 12 in C, K. 263 (1776) * Church Sonata No. 13 in G, K. 274/271d (1777) * Church Sonata No. 14 in C, K. 278/271e (1777) * Church Sonata No. 15 in C, K. 328/317c (1779) * Church Sonata No. 16 in C, K. 329/317a (1779) * Church Sonata No. 17 in C, K. 336/336d (1780) ;Others *Church Sonata in C major, K. 124c (fragment) *Church Sonata in D major, K.Anh. 65a (fragment; spurious, attributed to

)

Other sacred works

Kyrie ', a transliteration of Greek , vocative case of ('' Kyrios''), is a common name of an important prayer of Christian liturgy, also called the ( ; ). In the Bible The prayer, , "Lord, have mercy" derives from a Biblical phrase. Greek , ...

* Kyrie in F major, K. 33 (1766) *Kyrie in G major, K. 89/73k (1770 or 1772) *Kyrie in D minor for soprano, alto, tenor, bass, K. 90 (doubtful) (1771–72) *Kyrie in D major, K. 91/186i/Anh. 17 (spurious, originally by J. A. Reutter, terminated by Franz Xaver Süssmayr) (1774) * Kyrie in D minor, K. 341/368a (1787–91) ;Others *Kyrie in C major, K. 166f/Anh. 18 (fragment) (1772) *Kyrie in D major, K. 166g/Anh. 19 (fragment) (1772) *Kyrie in E major, K. 322/296a, (fragment; completed by Maximilian Stadler) (early 1778) *Kyrie in C major, K. Anh. 15/323 (fragment; completed by M. Stadler) (1779?) *Kyrie in G major, K. 196a/Anh. 16 (fragment) (1787–89) *Kyrie in D major, K. 422a/Anh. 14 (fragment) (1787–89) *Kyrie in C major, K. 258a/Anh. 13 (fragment) (1787–91)

Gradual The gradual ( or ) is a certain chant or hymn in liturgical Christian worship. It is practiced in the Catholic Mass, Lutheran Divine Service, Anglican service and other traditions. It gets its name from the Latin (meaning "step") because i ...

*'' Sancta Maria, mater Dei'' in F major, K. 273 (1777)

Offertory The offertory (from Medieval Latin ''offertorium'' and Late Latin ''offerre'') is the part of a Eucharistic service when the bread and wine for use in the service are ceremonially placed on the altar. A collection of alms (offerings) from the c ...

*''Scande Coeli Limina'' in C major, K. 34 (1767) *''Inter natos mulierium'' in G major, K. 72/74f (1774) *''Benedictus sit Deus'' in C major, K. 117; 66a/47b (1768) *''Convertentur sedentes'' in D major, K. 177/Anh. C 3.09 (doubtful) *''Sub tuum praesidium'' in F major, K. 198/Anh. C 03.08 (doubtful) *''Misericordias Domini'' in D Minor, K. 222/205a (1775) *''Venite populi'' in D major, K. 260/248a (1775) *''Alma Dei creatoris'' in F major, K. 277/272a (1777)

Vespers Vespers /ˈvɛspərz/ () is a Christian liturgy, liturgy of evening prayer, one of the canonical hours in Catholic (both Latin liturgical rites, Latin and Eastern Catholic liturgy, Eastern Catholic liturgical rites), Eastern Orthodox, Oriental O ...

*'' Vesperae solennes de Dominica'' in C major, K. 321 (1779) *''

Vesperae solennes de confessore ''Vesperae solennes de confessore (Solemn Vespers for a Confessor)'', K 339, is a sacred choral composition written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1780. It is scored for SATB choir and soloists, violin I, violin II, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones ''colla ...

'' in C major, K. 339 (1780)

Magnificat The Magnificat (Latin for "y soulmagnifies he Lord) is a canticle, also known as the Song of Mary or Canticle of Mary, and in the Byzantine Rite as the Ode of the Theotokos (). Its Western name derives from the incipit of its Latin text. This ...

*''Dixit Dominus'' and ''Magnificat'' in C major, K. 193/186g (1774)

Antiphon An antiphon ( Greek ἀντίφωνον, ἀντί "opposite" and φωνή "voice") is a short chant in Christian ritual, sung as a refrain. The texts of antiphons are usually taken from the Psalms or Scripture, but may also be freely compo ...

*''Cibavit eos'' in A Minor, K. 44/73u (1770) *''Quaerite primum regnum Dei'' in D Minor, K. 86/73v (1770) Three settings of the

Marian antiphon Marian hymns are Christian songs focused on Mary, mother of Jesus. They are used in devotional and liturgical services, particularly by the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Anglican, and Lutheran churches. Some have been a ...

Regina coeli "Regina caeli" (; Queen of Heaven) is a musical antiphon addressed to the Blessed Virgin Mary that is used in the liturgy of the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church during the Easter season, from Easter Sunday until Pentecost. During this seas ...

'': *''

'' for soprano, chorus and orchestra in C major, K. 108/74d (1771) *''

'' for soprano, chorus and orchestra in B major, K. 127 (1772) *''

'' for soloists, chorus and orchestra in C major, K. 276/321b (1779) Miserere *''Miserere'' in A minor, K. 85/73s (1770)

Te Deum The ( or , ; from its incipit, ) is a Latin Christian hymn traditionally ascribed to a date before AD 500, but perhaps with antecedents that place it much earlier. It is central to the Ambrosian hymnal, which spread throughout the Latin ...

*''Te Deum'' in C major, K. 141/66b (1769)

Litany Litany, in Christian worship and some forms of Jewish worship, is a form of prayer used in services and processions, and consisting of a number of petitions. The word comes through Latin ''wikt:litania, litania'' from Ancient Greek wikt:λιτα ...

*''Litaniae Lauretanae'' in B major, K. 109/74e (1771) *''Litaniae de venerabili altaris sacramento'' in B major, K. 125 (1772) *''Litaniae Lauretenae'' in D major, K. 195/186d (1774) *''Litaniae de venerabili altaris sacramento'' in E major, K. 243 (1776)

Motet In Western classical music, a motet is mainly a vocal musical composition, of highly diverse form and style, from high medieval music to the present. The motet was one of the preeminent polyphonic forms of Renaissance music. According to the Eng ...

s *''God is Our Refuge'' in G minor, K. 20 (1765) *'' Veni Sancte Spiritus'' in C major, K. 47 (1768) *''Ergo interest (″Quaere superna″)'' for Soprano in G major, K. 143/73a (1773) *''

Exsultate, jubilate (Exult, rejoice), K. 165, is a 1773 motet by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. History This religious solo motet was composed when Mozart was staying in Milan during the production of his opera '' Lucio Silla'' which was being performed there in the T ...

'' for Soprano in F major, K. 165/158a (1773) *''

Ave verum corpus is a short Eucharistic chant that has been set to music by many composers. It dates to the 13th century, first recorded in a central Italian Franciscan manuscript (Chicago, Newberry Library, 24). A Reichenau manuscript of the 14th century attri ...

'' in D major, K. 618 (1791) Hymns and arias *''Tantum Ergo'' in B major, K. 142/Anh. C 3.04 (doubtful) *''Tantum Ergo'' in D major, K. 197/Anh. C 3.05 (doubtful) *''Kommet her, ihr frechen Sünder'' for Soprano in B, K. 146/317b (1779) *"Zwei deutsche Kirchenlieder" (Two German Hymns), ''O Gotteslamm, Als aus Ägypten Israel'', K. 343/336c (c. 1787)

Organ music

* Fugue in E major, K. 153 (375f) (incomplete) (1782) * Fugue in G minor, K. 154 (385k) (incomplete) (1782) * Ouverture in C major, K. 399 (385i) (1782) * Fugue in G minor, K. 401 (375e) (incomplete) (1782) * Kleine Gigue in G, K. 574 (1789) * Adagio in D minor, K.Anh. 35/593a (1790) *

Adagio and Allegro in F minor for a Mechanical Organ, K. 594 Adagio and Allegro in F minor for a mechanical organ, Köchel catalogue, K. 594, is a composition by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, completed in late 1790. Background The piece was commissioned by Count for use as a funeral mass to be played on a m ...

(1790) * (1791) * Andante in F for a Small Mechanical Organ, K. 616 (1791)

Concert arias, songs and canons

*''Conservati fedele'' for Soprano in A major, K. 23 (

, 1765-66) *''A Berenice'' for Soprano in G major, K.70/61c (1767-69) *''Ah, spiegarti, o Dio'' for Soprano in A major, K. 178/417e (1772) *''Con ossequio, con rispetto'' for Tenor in C major, K. 210 (

Salzburg Salzburg is the List of cities and towns in Austria, fourth-largest city in Austria. In 2020 its population was 156,852. The city lies on the Salzach, Salzach River, near the border with Germany and at the foot of the Austrian Alps, Alps moun ...

, May, 1775) *''Clarice cara mia sposa'' for Tenor in D major, K. 256 (1776) *''Ah, lo previdi'' for Soprano in C minor, K. 272 (1777) *''Alcandro, lo confesso'' for Soprano in E major, K. 294 (1778) *''Basta, vincesti'' for Soprano in E major, K. 486a/295a (1778) *''Così dunque tradisci'' for Bass in F minor, K. 432/421a (1783) *'' Ch'io mi scordi di te?'' for Soprano in E major, K. 505 (December, 1786) *''Alcandro, lo confesso'' for Bass in F major, K. 512 (1787) *''

Bella mia fiamma, addio "Bella mia fiamma, addio", Köchel catalogue, K. 528, is a concert aria by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart for solo soprano and orchestra, composed in Prague in 1787. The text of this aria is taken from the 1772 opera ''Cerere placata'', composed by Nicco ...

'' for Soprano in C major, K. 528 (1787) *''Ah se in ciel'' for Soprano in F major, K. 538 (1778 or 1788) *''Un bacio di mano'' for Bass in F major, K. 541 (May, 1788) *''Al desio di chi t'adora'' for Soprano in F major, K. 577 (1789; Composed in order to replace the Aria of Susanna ''Deh vieni, non tardar'' in "Le nozze di Figaro") *''Alma grande e nobil core'' for Soprano in B major, K. 578 (August, 1789) *''Un moto di gioia'' for Soprano in F major, K. 579 (1789; Composed in order to replace the Aria of Susanna ''Venite, inginocchiatevi'' in "Le nozze di Figaro") *''Chi sà, chi sà, qual sia'' for Soprano in C major, K. 582 (1789) Others *''Ah, più tremar non voglio'' for Tenor in F major, K. 71 (1769; fragment)

Masonic music

The following are compositions written for the Masonic Lodge: *Song for tenor and piano, "Lobegesang auf die feierliche Johannisloge" ("O heiliges Band der Freundschaft treuer Brüder") sacred bond of friendship between true brothers K. 148/125h, (1772) *Cantata for two tenors, male chorus, and orchestra, ''Dir, Seele des Weltalls'', K. 429/468a (fragment, completed by Maximilian Stadler) (1783) *Song for tenor and piano, "Lied zur Gesellenreise: Die ihr einem neuen Grad", K. 468, "for use at installation of new journeymen" (1785) *Cantata for tenor, male chorus, and orchestra, ''Die Maurerfreude'' (The Freemason's Joy) K. 471 (1785) *The Masonic Funeral Music (''Maurerische Trauermusik''), K. 477/479a (1785), for orchestra, which was composed for an actual Masonic funeral *Two songs for tenor, male chorus and organ used for the opening and closing ceremonies of the lodge in Austria "Zur Neugekrönten Hoffnung": **"Zerfließet Heut, Geliebter Brüder", K. 483 (1786) **"Ihr Unsre Neuen Leiter", K. 484 (1786) *The ''Little German Cantata'' (''Kleine Deutsche Kantate'') ("Die ihr die unermeßlichen Weltalls Schöpfer ehrt"), for tenor and piano, for use at meetings of the Colony of the Friends of Nature, K. 619 (1791) *The ''Little Masonic Cantata'' (') "Laut verkünde unsre Freude", for two tenors, bass, male chorus, and orchestra, K. 623 (1791) *Song for male chorus and orchestra, "Laßt uns mit geschlungnen Händen", K. 623a, ("for the close of the lodge" and intended final chorus to K. 623) (1791; attribution uncertain)

Handel adaptations

*'' Acis und Galatea'', K. 566 (1788) *''

Der Messias ''Der Messias'', K. 572, is Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's 1789 German-language version of ''Messiah'', George Frideric Handel's 1741 oratorio. On the initiative of Gottfried van Swieten, Mozart adapted Handel's work for performances in Vie ...

'', K. 572 (1789) *'' Das Alexander-Fest'', K. 591 (1790) *'' Ode auf St. Caecilia'', K. 592 (1790)

References

External links

Publications of music and writings by Mozart
from

Project Gutenberg Project Gutenberg (PG) is a volunteer effort to digitize and archive cultural works, as well as to "encourage the creation and distribution of eBooks." It was founded in 1971 by American writer Michael S. Hart and is the oldest digital li ...

* * * Free typeset sheet musi
of Mozart's works
from the

Mutopia Project The Mutopia Project is a volunteer-run effort to create a library of free content sheet music, in a way similar to Project Gutenberg's library of public domain books. It started in 2000. The music is reproduced from old scores that are in th ...

Digital Mozart Edition
''

'' (NMA) Online (New Mozart Edition), 127 volumes
A comprehensive list of Mozart's work
from classical.net {{Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

How Mozart's compositions are listed

Sacred choral music

Masses (1768–1783)

Litanies (1771–1776)

Vespers and psalms (1774–1780)

Church music (1767–1791)

Oratorios and cantatas (1767–1785)

Requiem (1791)

Fragments and unfinished works (1766–1791)

Theatre music

Operas (1766–1791)

Ballet music (1778–1783)

Arias, songs and vocal ensembles (1765–1791)

Orchestral works

Symphonies

Piano concertos

Violin concertos

Brass concertos

Woodwind concertos

Concertante symphonies

Other concertos

Piano music

Solo piano works

Dual piano/performer works

Piano four-hands

Two pianos

Chamber music

Chamber music with piano

Violin music

= Violin sonatas

= Variations for violin and piano

Piano trios

Piano quartets

Other chamber music with piano

Chamber music without piano

String duos

String trios

String quartets

String quintets

Other chamber music without piano

Serenades, divertimenti, and other instrumental works

Serenades

Divertimenti

Marches

Dances

Sacred music

Masses

Oratorios

Cantatas

Church sonatas

Other sacred works

Organ music

Concert arias, songs and canons

Masonic music

Handel adaptations

See also

References

External links