Peguis First Nation (formerly St. Peter's Band, oj, Oshki-ishkonigan meaning ''new reserve'') is the largest First Nations community in

Manitoba , image_map = Manitoba in Canada 2.svg , map_alt = Map showing Manitoba's location in the centre of Southern Canada , Label_map = yes , coordinates = , capital = Win ...

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tota ...

, with a population of approximately 10,300 people (3,521 on reserve and 6,504 off reserve). The members of Peguis are of

Saulteaux The Saulteaux (pronounced , or in imitation of the French pronunciation , also written Salteaux, Saulteau and other variants), otherwise known as the Plains Ojibwe, are a First Nations band government in Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, A ...

(Ojibway) and Cree descent. The main reserve, Peguis 1B, is located approximately 196 kilometres north of

Winnipeg Winnipeg () is the capital and largest city of the province of Manitoba in Canada. It is centred on the confluence of the Red and Assiniboine rivers, near the longitudinal centre of North America. , Winnipeg had a city population of 749 ...

. The reserve is currently located about 170 km northwest of the original reserve (called St. Peter's). It was moved to its present location in 1907 after an illegal land transfer. The First Nation is named after

Peguis Peguis (ca. 1774 – 28 September 1864) was a Saulteaux chief, who moved from the Great Lakes area to Red Lake (now in Minnesota), then arriving in what is now southern Manitoba in the 1790s.Donna G. Sutherland, ''Peguis: A Noble Friend'', Chie ...

, the chief who led a band of Saulteaux people from present-day Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, area to a Cree settlement at Netley Creek, Manitoba, and later to present-day East Selkirk, Manitoba.

History

Chief

and his Band settled in an area north of present-day Selkirk in the late 1700s. Their history is documented in journals of the

Hudson's Bay Company The Hudson's Bay Company (HBC; french: Compagnie de la Baie d'Hudson) is a Canadian retail business group. A fur trade, fur trading business for much of its existence, HBC now owns and operates retail stores in Canada. The company's namesake b ...

, the Lord Selkirk settlers, and the

Church Missionary Society The Church Mission Society (CMS), formerly known as the Church Missionary Society, is a British mission society working with the Christians around the world. Founded in 1799, CMS has attracted over nine thousand men and women to serve as mission ...

. Peguis and other chiefs signed the Selkirk Treaty in 1817. The treaty allocated land along the Red and

Assiniboine River The Assiniboine River (''; french: Rivière Assiniboine'') is a river that runs through the prairies of Western Canada in Saskatchewan and Manitoba. It is a tributary of the Red River. The Assiniboine is a typical meandering river with a sing ...

s to Lord Selkirk and his settlers for an annual rent of tobacco. On 3 August 1871, Peguis' son Mis-Koo-Kinew (or Henry Prince) signed

Treaty 1 ''Treaty 1'' (also known as the "Stone Fort Treaty") is an agreement established on August 3, 1871, between the Imperial Crown of Great Britain and Ireland and the Anishinabe and Swampy Cree nations. The first of a series of treaties called th ...

on behalf of the St. Peter's Band, the name of the Peguis First Nation at the time.Peguis First Nation - Treaty Land Entitlement
/ref> Treaty 1 specified that Peguis would be given of land for each family of five people. In 2008, Peguis First Nation announced the finalization of a

land claim A land claim is defined as "the pursuit of recognized territorial ownership by a group or individual". The phrase is usually only used with respect to disputed or unresolved land claims. Some types of land claims include aboriginal land claims, ...

s settlement with the federal

Government of Canada The government of Canada (french: gouvernement du Canada) is the body responsible for the federal administration of Canada. A constitutional monarchy, the Crown is the corporation sole, assuming distinct roles: the executive, as the ''Crown-i ...

. The claim is for land which was surrendered near Selkirk in 1907.Manitoba native band finalizing largest-ever single compensation claim
CBC, May 23, 2008. Louis stevenson

Reserves

Peguis First Nation consists of ten reserves: 1075 Portage Ave - Winnipeg, Peguis 1B, Peguis 1C, Peguis 1D, Peguis 1E, Peguis 1F, Pegius 1G, Peguis 1H, Peguis 1I and St. Peters Fishing Station 1A.Peguis
, Aboriginal Communities Website. The reserves of Peguis total 30657.2 hectares (75755.6 acres) in area. The largest settlement, which lies on the main reserve (1B), is also named Peguis, Manitoba, and is located at . The main reserve lies adjacent to the northern borders of the Rural Municipality of Fisher. 1A is at the closest Lake Winnipeg access point near Peguis, the others are located near Selkirk, East Selkirk, Libau and in Winnipeg.

Media

The Peguis First Nation operates a First Nations

community radio Community radio is a radio service offering a third model of radio broadcasting in addition to commercial and public broadcasting. Community stations serve geographic communities and communities of interest. They broadcast content that is popul ...

station Station may refer to: Agriculture * Station (Australian agriculture), a large Australian landholding used for livestock production * Station (New Zealand agriculture), a large New Zealand farm used for grazing by sheep and cattle ** Cattle statio ...

, CJFN-FM 102.7.

Floods

2009

On 24 March 2009, Peguis First Nation along with

Roseau River First Nation Roseau (Dominican Creole: ''Wozo'') is the capital and largest city of Dominica, with a population of 14,725 as of 2011. It is a small and compact urban settlement, in the Saint George parish and surrounded by the Caribbean Sea, the Roseau Ri ...

, Sioux Falls, St. Andrews, St. Clements and Selkirk, Manitoba, experienced a

hydrological Hydrology () is the scientific study of the movement, distribution, and management of water on Earth and other planets, including the water cycle, water resources, and environmental watershed sustainability. A practitioner of hydrology is calle ...

flood. The total cost of flood in the region was 40,000,000. 3,000 people were evacuated in the region. It was listed on the Canadian Disaster database.

2010

Heavy rain and high winds in the

Interlake Region The Interlake Region is an informal geographic region of the Canadian province of Manitoba that lies roughly between Lake Winnipeg and Lake Manitoba in the Canadian province of Manitoba. The region comprises 14 rural municipalities, one city (th ...

of Manitoba from 1 to 5 July 2010, caused flooding and evacuation of Peguis First Nation’s 250 residents. Approximately 300 homes on-reserve were damaged and several roads washed out. Most residents were temporarily relocated to Winnipeg and a few near Fisher River Cree Nation.

2011

By February 2011, Peguis First Nation were meeting with Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development officials about controlling mould in the 75 homes damaged by flooding. In March 2011, as community piled sandbags in flood preparations, the Peguis First Nation's emergency measures co-ordinator, said Peguis First Nation experienced two major floods since 2009.

Preparation

In 2013, AANDC invested more than $4 million to Peguis First Nation for long-term flood proofing as part of a 2010 commitment to protect 75 homes.

Notable people

Marcia Anderson DeCouteau Marcia may refer to: People * Marcia (given name) * James Marcia, Canadian psychologist * Stefano Marcia (born 1993), South African Olympic sailor Other uses * ''Marcia'' (Beccafumi), a c. 1519 painting by Domenico Beccafumi * ''Marcia'' (biva ...

, former president of the Indigenous Physicians Association of Canada * Amy Clemons, a founding member of the first Indian & Metis Friendship Centre in Canada, recipient of the Order of Canada * Trevor Greyeyes, writer, journalist, editor * Linden McCorrister, hockey player, Brandon Wheat Kings * Cheryl McKenzie, journalist for APTN * Renae Morriseau, actress, storyteller, director *

Nile Expedition The Nile Expedition, sometimes called the Gordon Relief Expedition (1884–85), was a British mission to relieve Major-General Charles George Gordon at Khartoum, Sudan. Gordon had been sent to the Sudan to help Egyptians evacuate from Sudan a ...

boatmen; Adam Cochrane, Alex Cochrane, Richard Henderson, John Pratt, Thomas Pratt, William Prince, George Settee * Shirley Olson, a co-founder of the Original Women's Network, an Executive Director of the Assembly of Manitoba Chiefs, lawyer, community activist, an organizer of Peace Village (Winnipeg, Manitoba) * Tommy Prince, soldier * William Prince, singer-songwriter * Bill Shead, former mayor of Selkirk Manitoba, first CEO of Aboriginal Centre of Winnipeg * Murray Sinclair, senator in the Canadian parliament, Chair of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada, former Manitoba provincial court judge * Rosa Walker, founder of the Indigenous Leadership Development Institute * Joshua Whitehead, writer * Kona Williams, first Indigenous Canadian forensic pathologisthttps://www.thestar.com/news/insight/2016/09/25/meet-canadas-first-aboriginal-forensic-pathologist.html The Star. "Meet Canada's first aboriginal forensic pathologist". Katie Daubs. Sept. 25, 2016.

References

External links

Peguis First Nation

{{Authority control Interlake Reserves Tribal Council First Nations governments in Manitoba Saulteaux Cree governments