|
Treaty 1
''Treaty 1'' (also known as the "Stone Fort Treaty") is an agreement established on August 3, 1871, between the Crown and the Anishinaabe and Swampy Cree, Canadian based First Nations. The first of a series of treaties called the Numbered Treaties that occurred between 1871 and 1921, this accord has been held to be essentially about peace and friendship. However, the eight days of treaty-making ended with the Indigenous groups agreeing to "cede, release, surrender and yield up to Her Majesty the Queen and successors forever all the lands" in southern Manitoba to the Crown, in exchange for an annual annuity and material goods such as clothing and agricultural supplies. Indigenous treaty delegates and other leaders did not intend any cession, release, or surrender of the land in question. Within a year of the agreement, however, the indigenous communities approached the Canadian government declaring that a number of the items promised, which would become known as the "Outside Promi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty 1 Territory
A treaty is a formal, legally binding written agreement between sovereign states and/or international organizations that is governed by international law. A treaty may also be known as an international agreement, protocol, covenant, convention, pact, or exchange of letters, among other terms; however, only documents that are legally binding on the parties are considered treaties under international law. Treaties may be bilateral (between two countries) or multilateral (involving more than two countries). Treaties are among the earliest manifestations of international relations; the first known example is a border agreement between the Sumerian city-states of Lagash and Umma around 3100 BC. International agreements were used in some form by most major civilizations and became increasingly common and more sophisticated during the early modern era. The early 19th century saw developments in diplomacy, foreign policy, and international law reflected by the widespread use of treat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wemyss Mackenzie Simpson
Wemyss Mackenzie (McKenzie) Simpson (March 30, 1824 – March 31, 1894) was a Canadian fur trader and political figure. He represented Algoma in the House of Commons of Canada as a Conservative member from 1867 to 1871. He was born in London, England in 1824, the son of Geddes Mackenzie Simpson. He studied at Eton College and came to Lower Canada in 1841 as an employee of the Hudson's Bay Company. Simpson served with the company until 1864, serving as the last factor for the post at Sault Ste. Marie, where he settled after his retirement. His cousin, George Simpson, was a governor of the Hudson's Bay Company. In 1870, Simpson acted as guide and interpreter for the Red River Expeditionary Force. In 1871, he was named Indian Commissioner for Rupert's Land and resigned from his seat in the House of Commons. Later that same year, he arranged Treaties 1 and 2 with the Ojibwa and Swampy Cree Nations in southern Manitoba. Simpson was married twice: to Annie Ironside in 1853 and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Long Plain First Nation
The Long Plain First Nation () is an Ojibway and Dakota First Nations band government in Manitoba, Canada. (It also hosts a small number of Cree people as well.) Situated on a land base of primarily located in the Central Plains Region of Manitoba, its reserve lands include the Long Plain Reserve #6, the Keeshkeemaquah Reserve near Portage La Prairie, and the Madison Indian Reserve #1—the first urban reserve in Winnipeg. It is located to the southwest of Portage la Prairie along the Assiniboine River. It lies between the Rural Municipality of Portage la Prairie and the Rural Municipality of South Norfolk, and also borders another band's reserve, that of the Dakota Plains First Nation. The current chief of the Long Plain First Nation is David Meeches, who was elected in December 2023, returning to the post after his tenure ended in 2013. Meeches replaced Kyra Wilson, who was the second female Chief in Long Plain history. Reserves The First Nation has 3 reserve lands: * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sagkeeng First Nation
The Sagkeeng First Nation (also known as Sagkeeng Anicinabe) is a Treaty-1 First Nation in the Eastman Region of Manitoba, Canada, that is composed of the Anishinaabe people indigenous to the area at or near the Fort Alexander Indian Reserve #3 (or Fort Alexander) located along the Winnipeg River and Traverse Bay. Today, Sagkeeng holds territory in the southern part of Lake Winnipeg, north of the city of Winnipeg, and on the mainland. As of June 2021, the Sagkeeng reserve has a total registered population of 8,208 band members, with over 3,600 members living on the reserve and over 4,500 living off of the reserve. As the reserve is located on both North and South shores at the outlet, or 'mouth', of the Winnipeg River, the name ''Sagkeeng'' is derived from the Ojibwe term ''Zaagiing'', meaning 'Mouth of the river'. It is adjacent to the northern border of the Rural Municipality of Alexander, which also borders the town of Pine Falls. Sagkeeng’s traditional territory inclu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brokenhead Ojibway Nation
Brokenhead Ojibway Nation (BON, , meaning ''at the brokenhead River'') is an Anishinaabe (Saulteaux/Ojibwa) First Nation located approximately northeast of Winnipeg, Manitoba. The main reserve of Brokenhead 4 is surrounded by the Rural Municipality of St. Clements, except for a small lakeshore on Lake Winnipeg. Reserves The First Nation have reserved for themselves three reserves: * Birch Landing () — totalling a size of ; surrounded by the Rural Municipality of Alexander. * Brokenhead 4 — serves as their main reserve, totalling a size of ; it is surrounded by the Rural Municipality of St. Clements and contains the settlement of Scanterbury, Manitoba. * Na-Sha-Ke-Penais () — totalling a size of ; surrounded by East St. Paul. Brokenhead 4 Brokenhead 4 serves as the main reserve of Brokenhead Ojibway Nation. It is situated along Manitoba Highway 59 (PTH 59), with Winnipeg located to its south and Grand Beach, Patricia Beach, and Victoria Beach to its north, al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Crown
The Crown is a political concept used in Commonwealth realms. Depending on the context used, it generally refers to the entirety of the State (polity), state (or in federal realms, the relevant level of government in that state), the executive government specifically or only to the monarch and their Viceroy, direct representatives. The term can be used to refer to the rule of law; or to the functions of executive (government), executive (the Crown-King-in-Council, in-council), legislative (the Crown-in-parliament), and judicial (the Crown on the bench) governance and the civil service. The concept of the Crown as a corporation sole developed first in the Kingdom of England as a separation of the physical crown and property of the kingdom from the person and personal property of the monarch. It spread through English and later British colonisation and developed into an imperial crown, which rooted it in the legal lexicon of all 15 Commonwealth realms, their various dependencies, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common Law
Common law (also known as judicial precedent, judge-made law, or case law) is the body of law primarily developed through judicial decisions rather than statutes. Although common law may incorporate certain statutes, it is largely based on precedent—judicial rulings made in previous similar cases. The presiding judge determines which precedents to apply in deciding each new case. Common law is deeply rooted in Precedent, ''stare decisis'' ("to stand by things decided"), where courts follow precedents established by previous decisions. When a similar case has been resolved, courts typically align their reasoning with the precedent set in that decision. However, in a "case of first impression" with no precedent or clear legislative guidance, judges are empowered to resolve the issue and establish new precedent. The common law, so named because it was common to all the king's courts across England, originated in the practices of the courts of the English kings in the centuries fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Winnipeg
Winnipeg () is the capital and largest city of the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of Manitoba. It is centred on the confluence of the Red River of the North, Red and Assiniboine River, Assiniboine rivers. , Winnipeg had a city population of 749,607 and a metropolitan population of 834,678, making it Canada's List of the largest municipalities in Canada by population, sixth-largest city and List of census metropolitan areas and agglomerations in Canada, eighth-largest metropolitan area. The city is named after the nearby Lake Winnipeg; the name comes from the Cree language, Western Cree words for 'muddy water' – . The region was a trading centre for Indigenous peoples in Canada, Indigenous peoples long before the European colonization of the Americas, arrival of Europeans; it is the traditional territory of the Anishinaabe (Ojibway), Ininew (Cree), Oji-Cree, Dene, and Dakota people, Dakota, and is the birthplace of the Métis people in Canada, Métis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lake Manitoba
Lake Manitoba () is the 14th largest lake in Canada and the 33rd largest lake in the world with a total area of . It is located within the Canadian province of Manitoba about northwest of the province's capital, Winnipeg, at . History The lake, its shores populated by the Assiniboine and Cree, was made known to Europeans by La Vérendrye in the mid-1730s. He and his sons travelled from Fort La Reine through this lake to explore the Saskatchewan River and its environs. Forts were established on both the Saskatchewan and Cedar Lake. It also was part of the fur trade route to Hudson Bay. The name derives from Cree ''manitou-wapow'' or Ojibwa ''manidoobaa'', both meaning "straits of Manitou, the Great Spirit", a toponym referring to what are now called The Narrows in the centre of the lake. These narrows were an area that the spirit could be heard. What exactly was heard, and in what exact location, seems to be a mystery. The lake was known to French explorers as ''Lac de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dominion Lands Act
The ''Dominion Lands Act'' () was an 1872 Canadian law that aimed to encourage the settlement of the Canadian Prairies and to help prevent the area being claimed by the United States. The Act was closely based on the U.S. '' Homestead Act of 1862'', setting conditions in which the western lands could be settled and their natural resources developed. In 1871, the Government of Canada entered into Treaty 1 and Treaty 2 to obtain the consent of the Indigenous nations from the territories set out respectively in each Treaty. The Treaties provided for the taking up of lands "for immigration and settlement". In order to settle the area, Canada invited mass emigration by European and American pioneers, and by settlers from eastern Canada. It echoed the American homestead system by offering ownership of 160 acres of land free (except for a small registration fee) to any man over 18 or any woman heading a household. They did not need to be British subjects, but had to live on the plot a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Reserve
In Canada, an Indian reserve () or First Nations reserve () is defined by the '' Indian Act'' as a "tract of land, the legal title to which is vested in Her Majesty, that has been set apart by Her Majesty for the use and benefit of a band." Reserves are areas set aside for First Nations, one of the major groupings of Indigenous peoples in Canada, after a contract with the Canadian state ("the Crown"), and are not to be confused with Indigenous peoples' claims to ancestral lands under Aboriginal title. Demographics Canada has designated 3,394 reserves for over 600 First Nations, as per the federal publication "Registered Indian Population by Sex and Residence, Indian Status is granted to members of a registered band who are eligible to live on these reserves. By 2020, reserves provided shelter for approximately half of these band members. Many reserves have no resident population; typically they are small, remote, non-contiguous pieces of land, a fact which has led ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Queen Victoria
Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until Death and state funeral of Queen Victoria, her death in January 1901. Her reign of 63 years and 216 days, which was List of monarchs in Britain by length of reign, longer than those of any of her predecessors, constituted the Victorian era. It was a period of industrial, political, scientific, and military change within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom, and was marked by a great expansion of the British Empire. In 1876, the British parliament voted to grant her the additional title of Empress of India. Victoria was the daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn (the fourth son of King George III), and Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. After the deaths of her father and grandfather in 1820, she was Kensington System, raised under close supervision by her mother and her Comptrol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
