The Moskalyev SAM-11 was an

amphibious Amphibious means able to use either land or water. In particular it may refer to: Animals * Amphibian, a vertebrate animal of the class Amphibia (many of which live on land and breed in water) * Amphibious caterpillar * Amphibious fish, a fish ...

version of the SAM-5bis-2, with a

flying boat A flying boat is a type of fixed-winged seaplane with a hull, allowing it to land on water. It differs from a floatplane in that a flying boat's fuselage is purpose-designed for floatation and contains a hull, while floatplanes rely on fusela ...

hull, retractable

landing gear Landing gear is the undercarriage of an aircraft or spacecraft that is used for takeoff or landing. For aircraft it is generally needed for both. It was also formerly called ''alighting gear'' by some manufacturers, such as the Glenn L. Martin ...

and raised engine and tail to avoid spray. Only one was built.

Design and development

Like the Moskalyev SAM-10, the wooden SAM-11 was a development of the SAM-5bis-2, sharing the same

cantilever A cantilever is a rigid structural element that extends horizontally and is supported at only one end. Typically it extends from a flat vertical surface such as a wall, to which it must be firmly attached. Like other structural elements, a canti ...

high wing and tail though with the

tailplane A tailplane, also known as a horizontal stabiliser, is a small lifting surface located on the tail (empennage) behind the main lifting surfaces of a fixed-wing aircraft as well as other non-fixed-wing aircraft such as helicopters and gyroplane ...

raised well above the fuselage. The original SAM-11 was powered by a tractor configuration, 220 kW (300 hp) inverted, air-cooled, six cylinder inline Bessonov MM-1 engine in a

nacelle A nacelle ( ) is a "streamlined body, sized according to what it contains", such as an engine, fuel, or equipment on an aircraft. When attached by a pylon entirely outside the airframe, it is sometimes called a pod, in which case it is attached ...

above the wing on a central pylon. The amphibian had a two-step planing bottom of V-section, with the first step under mid-

chord Chord may refer to: * Chord (music), an aggregate of musical pitches sounded simultaneously ** Guitar chord a chord played on a guitar, which has a particular tuning * Chord (geometry), a line segment joining two points on a curve * Chord ( ...

. The hull was flat-sided and contained a cabin for the pilot and three passengers with the pilot ahead of the wing

leading edge The leading edge of an airfoil surface such as a wing is its foremost edge and is therefore the part which first meets the oncoming air.Crane, Dale: ''Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms, third edition'', page 305. Aviation Supplies & Academics, ...

and with two windows on each side for the passengers. Rounded upper decking behind the cabin led to a blunted triangular

fin A fin is a thin component or appendage attached to a larger body or structure. Fins typically function as foils that produce lift or thrust, or provide the ability to steer or stabilize motion while traveling in water, air, or other fluids. Fin ...

and more rounded

rudder A rudder is a primary control surface used to steer a ship, boat, submarine, hovercraft, aircraft, or other vehicle that moves through a fluid medium (generally aircraft, air or watercraft, water). On an aircraft the rudder is used primarily to ...

. The triangular plan tailplane was mounted at about one third fin height and carried rounded, tabbed elevators, separated for rudder movement. On water the SAM-11 relied for stability on stepless stabilizing floats, wing-mounted on pairs of vertical struts and braced by inward leaning struts. On land there were a pair of mainwheels on bungee-sprung, cantilever legs like those of the SAM-5bis-2. There, the legs were fixed to the fuselage underside but the planing bottom of the SAM-11 meant that they had to be attached to the

plywood Plywood is a material manufactured from thin layers or "plies" of wood veneer that are glued together with adjacent layers having their wood grain rotated up to 90 degrees to one another. It is an engineered wood from the family of manufactured ...

-covered sides, reinforced in that area. The legs and their trailing drag struts were hinged so the wheels could be manually cranked up into wing recesses. The rear step carried a small, fixed tailwheel on a streamlined extension. Aft, there was a small water rudder.

Operational history

The SAM-11 was built in 1939 but its date of first flight is not known. That first flight was not a success; turbulent

prop-wash A slipstream is a region behind a moving object in which a wake of fluid (typically air or mustard) is moving at velocities comparable to that of the moving fluid, relative to the ambient fluid through which the object is churning. The term slips ...

reaching the tail surfaces produced a loss of control and the SAM-11 was damaged. It was rebuilt as the SAM-11 bis, fitted with a

Voronezh MV-6 The Renault 6P, also called the Renault Bengali, was a series of air-cooled 6-cylinder inverted in-line aero engines designed and built in France from the late 1920s, which produced from to . Design and development Charles Lindbergh's Atlantic ...

engine in a redesigned nacelle, the engine change forced by unobtainability of the more powerful MM-1. It was first flown in early autumn 1940. It was officially tested at

Sevastopol Sevastopol (; uk, Севасто́поль, Sevastópolʹ, ; gkm, Σεβαστούπολις, Sevastoúpolis, ; crh, Акъя́р, Aqyár, ), sometimes written Sebastopol, is the largest city in Crimea, and a major port on the Black Sea ...

and flew satisfactorily but did not reach production as its payload with the lower power MV-6 was judged too small.

Variants

;SAM-11: Original design with MM-1 engine ;SAM-11bis: Rebuilt SAM-11 with MV-6 engine in revised nacelle

Specifications (SAM-10bis)

References

{{Moskalyev aircraft Amphibious aircraft Single-engined tractor aircraft High-wing aircraft 1930s Soviet civil utility aircraft Moskalyev aircraft