The Order of Lenin Moscow Military District was a military district of the Soviet Armed Forces and the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The district was awarded the Order of Lenin in 1968. In 2010 it was merged with the Leningrad Military District, the Northern Fleet and the

Baltic Fleet , image = Great emblem of the Baltic fleet.svg , image_size = 150 , caption = Baltic Fleet Great ensign , dates = 18 May 1703 – present , country = , allegiance = (1703–1721) (1721–1917) (1917–1922) (1922–1991)(1991–present) ...

to form the new Western Military District.

History

In the beginning of the second half of the 19th century Russian officials realized the need for re-organization of the

Imperial Russian Army The Imperial Russian Army (russian: Ру́сская импера́торская а́рмия, tr. ) was the armed land force of the Russian Empire, active from around 1721 to the Russian Revolution of 1917. In the early 1850s, the Russian Ar ...

to meet new circumstances. During May 1862, the War Ministry, headed by Army General Dmitry Milyutin, introduced to Tsar

Alexander II of Russia Alexander II ( rus, Алекса́ндр II Никола́евич, Aleksándr II Nikoláyevich, p=ɐlʲɪˈksandr ftɐˈroj nʲɪkɐˈlajɪvʲɪtɕ; 29 April 181813 March 1881) was Emperor of Russia, Congress Poland, King of Poland and Gra ...

proposals for the reorganization of the army, which included the formation of fifteen military districts. A tsarist edict of 6 August 1864, announced in a Defence Minister’s order on 10 August of the same year, established ten military districts, including Moscow. The District’s territory then comprised 12 provinces: Vladimir, Vologda,

Kaluga Kaluga ( rus, Калу́га, p=kɐˈɫuɡə), a city and the administrative center of Kaluga Oblast in Russia, stands on the Oka River southwest of Moscow. Population: Kaluga's most famous resident, the space travel pioneer Konstantin Tsiol ...

, Kostroma, Moscow, Nizhniy Novgorod, Ryazan, Smolensk, Tambov, Tver,

Tula Tula may refer to: Geography Antarctica *Tula Mountains *Tula Point India *Tulā, a solar month in the traditional Indian calendar Iran * Tula, Iran, a village in Hormozgan Province Italy * Tula, Sardinia, municipality (''comune'') in the pr ...

, and Yaroslavl. The District was intended as a reinforcement source for troops and equipment, being some distance from the frontier, rather than an operational area. The District dispatched five infantry and a cavalry division south to the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–8, as well as sending another division to the Caucasus area. This force totaled around 30,000 men and 20,000 horses. Over 80,000 men were also called into reserve units. The District also housed 21,000 Turkish prisoners of war. During the First World War over a million men were stationed in the district. Much of the garrison was involved in the October Revolution of 1917, and consequent establishment of a Soviet regime in the cities of Bryansk, Vladimir, Voronezh, Kaluga, Nizhniy Novgorod, Orel, Tver, Yaroslavl. By a resolution of the Moscow military revolutionary committee on , Corps Commander N.I. Muralov was assigned as the new commander of the district. In the period of the Russian Civil War and military intervention in Russia 1917 - 22 the District prepared military personnel for all the fronts and supplied the Red Army with different forms of armament and allowances. From June to the middle of September 1919 the District conducted 33 callups totalling more than 500,000 people. In Moscow the 1 Moscow Rifle Division, Warsaw revolutionary infantry regiment, and 2nd revolutionary infantry regiment were formed, and

Latvia Latvia ( or ; lv, Latvija ; ltg, Latveja; liv, Leţmō), officially the Republic of Latvia ( lv, Latvijas Republika, links=no, ltg, Latvejas Republika, links=no, liv, Leţmō Vabāmō, links=no), is a country in the Baltic region of ...

n forces were brought to the Latvian Rifles Division. In Voronezh two cavalry divisions were formed, two rifle divisions and two rifle regiments in Nizhniy Novgorod, and the 16th Rifle Division in Tambov. Artillery units too were also being raised in the capital area. After the end of Civil War in the troops of region were demobilized, as a result of which their number was reduced from 580,000 (at the end of 1920) to 85,000 in January 1923, and the District was reorganised on a peacetime basis. In the 1920s the District had 10 rifle divisions: the 1st Moscow Proletariat Red Banner Rifle Division (first formed either in December 1924 or at the beginning of 1927), the 6th Oryol; the 14th Vladimir; the 17th Nikhegorodskaya; the 18th Yaroslavskaya; the 19th Voronekhskaya; the 48th Tverskaya; the 55th Kurskaya; the 81st Kaluga; and the 84th Tula. Autumn maneuvers began to be conducted yearly here in the district. The

2nd Rifle Corps The 2nd Rifle Corps was an infantry corps of the Red Army during the interwar period and World War II, formed twice. First formation It was formed in September 1922 as the 2nd Army Corps in accordance with orders dated 10 June, 18 July, and 12 ...

was stationed in the district from 1922 to 1936. In the beginning of the 1930 tanks started to be introduced, including the MS or T-18, T-26, T-27, BT, T-28, and the heavy T-35. In 1930 the first mechanized infantry brigade in the Soviet Army was formed in the district. Russian Ground Forces - Moscow Military District Map

Russian Ground Forces - Moscow Military District Map

The Russian Ground Forces' official site notes that the first tactical parachute landing took place in the District on 2 August 1930. In World War II the District formed three fronts, 23 armies, 128 divisions of all arms, and 197 brigades of all arms, an approximate total of 4.5 million men. In 1944–5 alone the District sent to the front 1,200,000 soldiers. From summer 1945 to summer 1946, in order to supervise the demobilisation process, the District was subdivided into four: the Moscow, Voronezh (1949–60), Gorki (1945—1947, 1949—1953) (where the 324th Rifle Division was probably demobilised), and

Smolensk Military District Smolensk ( rus, Смоленск, p=smɐˈlʲensk, a=smolensk_ru.ogg) is a city and the administrative center of Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Dnieper River, west-southwest of Moscow. First mentioned in 863, it is one of the oldest ...

s ( 33rd Army, home from Germany, formed Smolensk MD headquarters in late 1945). General Kirill Moskalenko took command of the District in 1953 and would later be a Marshal of the Soviet Union after leaving his post. The Voronezh Military District was reactivated in 1949 and was active until 1960. In January 1954 the district's forces comprised the

1st Guards Rifle Corps The 1st Guards Special Rifle Corps (Russian: 1-й особый гвардейский стрелковый корпус ''1-ĭ osobyĭ gvardyeĭskiĭ strelkovyĭ korpus'') was a hastily formed Red Army blocking formation active briefly in 1941, d ...

(including the

62nd Guards Mechanised Division 6 (six) is the natural number following 5 and preceding 7. It is a composite number and the smallest perfect number. In mathematics Six is the smallest positive integer which is neither a square number nor a prime number; it is the second ...

and the 60th Rifle Division); the

11th Guards Rifle Corps 11 (eleven) is the natural number following 10 and preceding 12. It is the first repdigit. In English, it is the smallest positive integer whose name has three syllables. Name "Eleven" derives from the Old English ', which is first attested i ...

(

272nd Rifle Division 7 (seven) is the natural number following 6 and preceding 8. It is the only prime number preceding a cube. As an early prime number in the series of positive integers, the number seven has greatly symbolic associations in religion, mythology, s ...

and

23rd Guards Mechanized Division Third or 3rd may refer to: Numbers * 3rd, the ordinal form of the cardinal number 3 * , a fraction of one third * 1⁄60 of a ''second'', or 1⁄3600 of a ''minute'' Places * 3rd Street (disambiguation) * Third Avenue (disambiguation) * High ...

), the 13th Guards Rifle Corps ( 38th Guards Rifle Division and the 66th Guards Mechanised Division),

38th Guards Airborne Corps The 38th Guards Airborne Corps was an Airborne Corps (Soviet Union), airborne corps of the Soviet airborne. It was activated during World War II in August 1944 and became a rifle corps in December of that year. The corps fought in the Vienna Offens ...

(13th Guards,

105th Guards Vienna Airborne Division The 105th Guards Airborne Division () was an airborne division of the Soviet Airborne Troops. The division was originally formed as the 12th Guards Airborne Division as part of the 38th Guards Airborne Corps in December 1943. In December 1944, i ...

and 106th Airborne Division) and the

4th Guards Kantemirovskaya Tank Division The 4th Guards Kantemirovskaya Order of Lenin Red Banner Tank Division named after Yuri Andropov (), commonly known as the Kantemirovites, the Kantemirovskaya Division or Kantemir Division, is a Guards armoured division of the Russian Ground F ...

. Among the 1957 reorganisations was the creation of the 23rd Guards Motor Rifle Division from the 23rd Guards Mechanized Division. On 22 February 1968, for the large contribution to the cause of strengthening the defense of the state, for its successes in combat and political training, and in view of the 50th anniversary of the Soviet Army plus its important role in the 2nd World War, the District was awarded with the Order of Lenin. In 1979 Scott and Scott reported the HQ address as being Moscow, A-252, Chapayevskiy Per., Dom 14.

Commanders

Commanders (1864-1917)

*General of Infantry

Alexander von Güldenstubbe Magnus Alexander Ludwig von Güldenstubbe (, tr. ; ) was a Baltic German general of the Imperial Russian Army and commanded the Moscow Military District from 1864 to 1879. He participated in November Uprising in Poland and the Crimean War. ...

; (August 10, 1864 - April 17, 1879) *Adjutant General, General of the Cavalry

Pontus Brevern-de la Gardie Pontus Alexander Ludwig Graf Brevern-de la Gardie (Born von Brevern; russian: Александр Иванович Бреверн де Лагарди, tr. ; ) was a Swedish count, Baltic German nobleman, military officer and statesman of Ger ...

; (April 17, 1879 - August 30, 1888) *Adjutant General, General of Artillery

Apostol Kostanda Apostol Spiridonovich Kostanda (December 24, 1817 – December 5, 1898) was an Imperial Russian division commander. He fought in wars in Crimea and Poland. He commanded the military forces in Moscow from 1888 to 1896. Awards *Order of Saint Anna, ...

; (August 1888 - May 1896) *Adjutant General, Lieutenant General, Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia; (May 1896 - February 4, 1905) *General of Infantry Nikolai Nikolayevich Malakhov; (February 1905 - January 1906) *Lieutenant General Sergei Konstantinovich Gershelman; (January 15, 1906 - March 17, 1909) *General of the cavalry

Paul von Plehwe Paul von Plehwe (russian: Па́вел Ада́мович (фон) Пле́ве, Pavel Adamovich (von) Pleve) (30 June 1850 – 28 March 1916), more commonly known as Pavel Plehve, was a Russian general of Baltic German descent who distinguished ...

; (March 17, 1909 - July 19, 1914) *General of Infantry Alexander G. Sandetsky; (July 1914 - May 1915) *Adjutant General, Lieutenant General Prince Felix Felixovitch Soumarokov-Elston; (May 5, 1915 - June 19, 1915) *General of Infantry Petr. D. Olkhovsky; (July 1915 - September 1915) *General of Artillery

Iosif Mrozovsky Iosif Ivanovich Mrozovsky (14 December 1857 – 16 October 1934) was a Russian General of Artillery. Biography From the nobility of the Grodno province, he graduated from the Polotsk Cadet Corps (1874), Mikhailovsky Artillery School (1877), and ...

; (September 22, 1915 - March 1, 1917) *Lieutenant Colonel Alexander E. Gruzinov (March 1917 - April 1917) *Colonel Aleksander Verkhovsky (May 31, 1917 - August 30, 1917) *Lieutenant Colonel Konstantin I. Ryabtsev (September 1917 - November 1917)

Commanders (1918–2010s)

* Nikolay Muralov, (November 1917 - February 1919) *Sergey Natsarenus, (March 1919 - June 1919) *Aleksandr Burdukov, (June 1919 - December 1920) *Pavel Petryaev, (December 1920 - February 1921) * Nikolay Muralov, (March 1921 - April 1924) * Kliment Voroshilov, (April 1924 - November 1925) *

Georgy Bazilevich Georgy Dmitrievich Bazilevich (January 26, 1889 – March 3, 1939) was a Soviet komkor (corps commander). He fought for the Imperial Russian Army during World War I before going over to the Bolsheviks in the subsequent Civil War. He was awarded ...

, (November 1925 - May 1927) * Boris Shaposhnikov, (May 1927 - January 1928) *

Commandarm is the abbreviation of the russian: Командующий армией, Komanduyushtchi armiy, lit=Commander of the Army / Army commander, and was a military rank used in the Soviet Union. Between 1918 and 1935, it was a rank in the Red Army, ...

August Kork August Ivanovich Kork (, also Аугуст Яанович Корк; 11 June 1937) was an Estonian Red Army commander (Komandarm 2nd rank) who was tried and executed during the Great Purge in 1937. Kork became an officer of the Imperial Russi ...

(1930–1935) *

Comcor (russian: комкор) is the abbreviation for Corps commander (russian: командир корпуса, komandir korpusa; ), and was a military rank in the Soviet Armed Forces of the USSR in the period from 1935 to 1940. It was also th ...

Boris Gorbachyov Boris Sergeevich Gorbachyov (19 August 1892 – 3 July 1937) was a Soviet komkor. He was born in present-day Belarus. He fought in the Imperial Russian Army during World War I before going over to the Bolsheviks in the subsequent civil war. He was ...

(1935) * Commandarm 1st Rank Ivan Belov (1935–1937) * Marshal of the Soviet Union Semyon Budyonny (1937–1939) * General of the Army Ivan Tyulenev (1939–1941) *

Colonel General Colonel general is a three- or four-star military rank used in some armies. It is particularly associated with Germany, where historically general officer ranks were one grade lower than in the Commonwealth and the United States, and was a ra ...

Pavel Artemyev Korni (russian: Корни, ''Roots'') is a Russian pop rock band. They rose to fame when they won best band on the show ''Star Factory-1''. The current band members include: Dmitry Pakulichev (vocal), Alexandr Berdnikov (vocal), and Alexey Kaba ...

(1944–1947) *Marshal of the Soviet Union Kirill Meretskov (1947–1949) *Colonel General Pavel Artemyev (1949–June 1953) *General of the Army Kirill Moskalenko (June 1953–October 1960) *Мarshal of the Soviet Union Nikolay Krylov (October 1960–4 March 1963) *General of the Army Afanasy Beloborodov (5 March 1963 – 1968) *Colonel General

Yevgeny Ivanovsky Army General Yevgeni F. Ivanovski (March 7, 1918 – September 22, 1991) served in numerous high commands following the Second World War, including the command of the Moscow Military District from 1968 to 1972, command of the Group of Soviet Force ...

(1968–1972) *Colonel General (promoted to General of the Army October 1977)

Vladimir Govorov Vladimir Leonidovich Govorov (Russian: Владимир Леонидович Говоров; 18 October 1924 – 13 August 2006) was a Soviet General and military leader. He was the son of Soviet military commander Marshal Leonid Govorov. Early l ...

(1972–1980) (son of the Soviet Marshal Leonid Govorov) *General of the Army Petr Lushev (1980–June 1985) *Colonel General Vladimir Arkhipov (June 1985–August 1988) *General of the Army

Konstantin Kochetov The first name Konstantin () is a derivation from the Latin name ''Constantinus'' (Constantine) in some European languages, such as Russian and German. As a Christian given name, it refers to the memory of the Roman emperor Constantine the Great. ...

(August 1988–May 1989) *Colonel General Nikolai Kalinin (May 1989–September 1991) * Lieutenant General Vladimir Toporov (September 1991–17 May 1992) *Colonel General

Leonty Kuznetsov Leonty Vasilyevich Kuznetsov (Russian: Леонтий Васильевич Кузнецов; born on 13 August 1938) is a Russian retired military leader who served as a Commander of the Moscow Military District from 1992 to 1999. His last rank ...

(1992–1999) *Colonel General

Ivan Puzanov Ivan () is a Slavic languages, Slavic male given name, connected with the variant of the Greek name (English: John (given name), John) from Hebrew language, Hebrew meaning 'God is gracious'. It is associated worldwide with Slavic countries. T ...

(1999–2001) *Colonel General Nikolai Makarov (2001, acting) *General of the Army Ivan Efremov (2001–2005) *General of the Army

Vladimir Bakin Vladimir may refer to: Names * Vladimir (name) for the Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Macedonian, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak and Slovenian spellings of a Slavic name * Uladzimir for the Belarusian version of the name * Volodymyr for the Ukra ...

(2005–2009) *Colonel General Valery Gerasimov (2009–2010)

Structure c. 1989

Order of battle c. 1989

C0214-Kstovo-Military-engineering-school

Units directly subordinated to the District HQ

District Command and Headquarters (''Управление командующего и штаб'') - Moscow, RSFSR * 367th Separate Staff Security and Supply Battalion (''367-й отдельный батальон охраны и обеспечения штаба'') - Moscow * 1st Separate Rifle Brigade for Security of the Ministry of Defence premises (''1-я отдельная стрелковая бригада охраны МО'') - Moscow (Feskov et al 2013, p505). Activated 1 October 1967 in Moscow, Moscow Oblast, from the 4th independent Regiment for Protection. * 154th Separate Commandant's Regiment (''154-й отдельный комендантский полк'') - Moscow ( Lefortovo District) * 11th Separate Cavalry Regiment (''11-й отдельный кавалерийский полк'') - Alabino, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR (the regiment was a horse-riding display unit actually formed in 1962 at the suggestion of film director

Sergei Bondarchuk Sergei Fyodorovich Bondarchuk (russian: Сергей Фёдорович Бондарчук, ; uk, Сергі́й Федорович Бондарчук, Serhíj Fédorovych Bondarchúk; 25 September 192020 October 1994) was a Soviet and Russian ...

for the filming of historical dramas) * 16th Separate SpezNaz Brigade (''16-я отдельная бригада специального назначения'') -

Chuchkovo, Ryazan Oblast Chuchkovo (russian: Чучково) is an types of inhabited localities in Russia, urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Chuchkovsky District of Ryazan Oblast, Russia. Population: References

Urban-type settlements in Ryazan Oblast ...

, RSFSR * 53rd Separate Radio-technical Brigade OsNaz (''53-я отдельная радиотехническая бригада ОсНаз'') -

, Kaluga Oblast, RSFSR (GRU formation operationally attached to the district) * 312th Separate Radio-technical Regiment OsNaz (''312-й отдельный радиотехнический полк ОсНаз'') - Smolensk, Smolensk Oblast, RSFSR (GRU formation operationally attached to the district) * 225th Separate Radio-electronic Warfare Regiment (''225-й отдельный полк РЭБ'') - Novomoskovsk, Tula Oblast, RSFSR (EW Directorate of the General Staff's (Управление РЭБ ГШ СССР) unit operationally attached to the district) * 227th Separate Radio-electronic Warfare Regiment (''227-й отдельный полк РЭБ'') -

Kursk Kursk ( rus, Курск, p=ˈkursk) is a city and the administrative center of Kursk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Kur, Tuskar, and Seym rivers. The area around Kursk was the site of a turning point in the Soviet–German stru ...

, Kursk Oblast, RSFSR (EW Directorate of the General Staff's (Управление РЭБ ГШ СССР) unit operationally attached to the district) * 1384th Separate Radio-electronic Warfare Battalion (''1384-й отдельный батальон РЭБ'') Kursk (EW Directorate of the General Staff's (Управление РЭБ ГШ СССР) unit operationally attached to the district) * 106th Guards, awarded the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of Kutuzov Airborne Landing Division (''106-я гвардейская воздушно-десантная Краснознамённая, ордена Кутузова дивизия'') -

, Tula Oblast, RSFSR ( VDV division operationally attached to the district) * 9th Separate Nuclear Blast Detection and Reconnaissance Regiment (''9-й отдельный ордена Красной Звезды полк засечки и разведки ядерных взрывов'') - Bobrov, Voronezh Oblast, RSFSR * ? Signals Nod (''?-й узел связи'') - Moscow * 1st Separate ''Sevastopolskaya, awarded the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of Alexander Nevsky and the Order of the Red Star'' Signals Brigade of the Supreme Command (''1-я отдельная Севастопольская Краснознамённая, орденов Александра Невского и Красной Звезды бригада связи ВГК'') - Khimki, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR * 14th Separate Signals Brigade of the Supreme Command (''14-я отдельная бригада связи ВГК'') - Podolsk, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR * 111th Separate Signals Brigade (''111-я отдельная бригада связи'') - Golitsino (possibly in Odintsovsky District), Moscow Oblast, RSFSR * 112th Separate Signals Brigade for the Rear Services (''112-я отдельная бригада связи тыла'') -

Yegoryevsk Yegoryevsk (russian: Его́рьевск) is a town and the administrative center of Yegoryevsk Urban Settlement in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Guslitsa River southeast of Moscow. Toponymy Yegoryevsk was named ...

, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR * 90th Separate Signals Regiment (''90-й отдельный полк связи'') - Kalinin, Kalinin Oblast, RSFSR * 27th Separate ''Guards Sevastopolskaya, awarded the Order of the Red Banner'' Motor Rifle Brigade (''27-я отдельная гвардейская мотострелковая Севастопольская Краснознамённая бригада'') (г. Видное) -

Vidnoye Vidnoye ( rus, Ви́дное, p=ˈvʲidnəɪ) is a city and the administrative center of Leninsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located south of Moscow city limits. Population: History Rastorguyevo summer cottage community was est ...

, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR (rear area security formation) * 95th Ballistic Missile Brigade (''95-я ракетная бригада'') - Shuya, Ivanovo Oblast, RSFSR * 126th Ballistic Missile Brigade (''126-я ракетная бригада'') - Kobyakovo, Vologda Oblast, RSFSR * 228th High Power nowiki/>2S7 Pion">2S7_Pion.html" ;"title="nowiki/>2S7 Pion">nowiki/>2S7 PionArtillery Brigade (''228-я артиллерийская бригада большой мощности'') - Shuya * 235th Guards Gun Artillery Brigade (''235-я гвардейская пушечная артиллерийская бригада'' - Skopin, Ryazan Oblast, RSFSR * 45th Artillery Brigade (''45-я артиллерийская бригада'') - Tambov, Tambov Oblast, RSFSR * 167th Gun Artillery Brigade (''167-я пушечная артиллерийская бригада'') - Kalinin * 236th Gun Artillery Brigade (''236-я пушечная артиллерийская бригада'') - Tambov * 349th Anti-Tank Artillery Brigade (''349-я противотанковая артиллерийская бригада'') - Skopin * 806th Multiple Rocket Launcher Artillery Regiment (''806-й реактивный артиллерийский полк'') - Skopin * 987th Artillery Reconnaissance Regiment (''987-й разведывательный артиллерийский полк'') - Skopin * 1st Separate Guards Combat Engineer Regiment (''1-й отдельный гвардейский инженерно-сапёрный Кёнигсбергско-Городокский Краснознамённый полк'') (Ростов) * 7th Guards Combat Engineer Regiment (''7-й гвардейский инженерно-сапёрный полк'') (Белев) * 79th Separate Engineer Camouflage Construction Regiment (''79-й отдельный инженерно-маскировочный батальон'') (Ногинск) - Noginsk, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR * 2nd Chemical Defence Brigade of the

Chemical Troops of the USSR A chemical substance is a form of matter having constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. Some references add that chemical substance cannot be separated into its constituent elements by physical separation methods, i.e., wit ...

(''2-я бригада химической защиты'') - Teykovo, Ivanovo Oblast, RSFSR * 3rd Chemical Defence Brigade of the Chemical Troops (''3-я бригада химической защиты'') -

Kineshma Kineshma (russian: Кинешма), the second-largest town in Ivanovo Oblast in Russia, sprawls for along the Volga River, 335 kilometers north-east of Moscow. Population: History Kineshma was first noticed as a ''posad'' in 1429. In 1504, ...

, Ivanovo Oblast, RSFSR * 26th Chemical Defence Brigade of the Chemical Troops (''26-я бригада химической защиты'') - Ryazan * 27th Chemical Defence Brigade of the Chemical Troops (''27-я бригада химической защиты'') - Kursk * 347th Separate Aerodrome Engineer Battalion of the Ground Forces (''347-й отдельный инженерно-аэродромный батальон сухопутных войск'') - Tula * 17th Engineering Road and Bridge Construction Brigade (''17-я инженерная дорожно-мостовая бригада'') - Kashira, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR * 190th Pontoon Bridging Brigade (''190-я понтонно-мостовая бригада'') (Новозыбков) - Novozybkov, Bryansk Oblast, RSFSR * 86th Separate Pontoon Bridging Battalion (''86-й отдельный понтонно-мостовой батальон'') - Murom, Vladimir Oblast, RSFSR (or possibly

Balakhna Balakhna (russian: Балахна́) is a town and the administrative center of Balakhninsky District in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Volga River, north of Nizhny Novgorod, the administrative center of ...

, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, RSFSR) * 15th Road Traffic Control Brigade (''15-я дорожно-комендантская бригада'') - Reutov, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR * 19th Road Traffic Control Brigade (''19-я дорожно-комендантская бригада'') - Voronezh, Voronezh Oblast, RSFSR * 467th Guards Moskovsko-Tartuskiy Red Banner District Center for Junior Specialists (''467-й гвардейский окружной учебный Московско-Тартуский Краснознамённый центр подготовки младших специалистов'') - Vladimir, Vladimir Oblast, RSFSR (From October 3, 1987 on. Until then the 26th Guards Moskovsko-Tartuskaya Red Banner Tank Training Division (''26-я гвардейская учебная танковая Московско-Тартуская Краснознамённая дивизия'')) ** 475th Separate ''Guards'' Signals Training Battalion (''475-й отдельный учебный гвардейский батальон связи'') ** 419th ''Guards'' Training Motor Rifle Regiment (''419-й учебный гвардейский мотострелковый полк'') ** 123rd ''Guards'' Artillery Training Regiment (''123-й учебный гвардейский артполк'') ** 422nd Air Defence Artillery Training Regiment (''422-й учебный зенитный артполк'') ** 84th Separate Ballistic Missile Training Battalion (''84-й отдельный учебный ракетный дивизион'') ** Separate Reconnaissance Training Battalion (''отдельный учебный разведывательный батальон'') ** 105th Separate Medical Training Battalion (''105-й отдельный учебный медицинский батальон'') ** 852nd Separate Automobile Training Battalion (''852-й отдельный учебный автомобильный батальон'') * 468th District Training Center (''468-й окружной учебный центр'') - Mulino, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR (previously the 20th Artillery Training Division, the sole artillery training division of the Soviet Ground Forces) ** 1685th Separate Signals Training Battalion (''1685-й отдельный учебный батальон связи'') ** 922nd Artillery Training Regiment (''922-й учебный артиллерийский полк'') ** 280th Anti-Tank Artillery Training Regiment (''280-й учебный противотанковый артиллерийский полк'') ** 932nd Artillery Reconnaissance Training Regiment (''932-й учебный разведывательный артиллерийский полк'') * 63rd Material Support Brigade (''63-я бригада материального обеспечения'') (Серпухов) -

Serpukhov Serpukhov ( rus, Серпухов, p=ˈsʲɛrpʊxəf) is a city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Oka and the Nara Rivers, south from Moscow ( from Moscow Ring Road) on the Moscow—Simferopol highway. The Moscow— T ...

, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR * 6450th Repair and Overhaul Base (''6450-я ремонтно-восстановительная база'') - Kubinka * 6451st Repair and Overhaul Base (''6451-я ремонтно-восстановительная база'') - Naro-Fominsk, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR * divisions directly subordinated to the district: ** 2nd ''Guards Tamanskaya, awarded the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of Suvorov'' Motor Rifle Division, ''named after'' '' M. I. Kalinin'' (''2-я гвардейская мотострелковая Таманская Краснознамённая, ордена Суворова дивизия имени М. И. Калинина'') -

Kalininets Kalininets (russian: Кали́нинец) is an urban locality (a work settlement) in the Naro-Fominsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia. The town's name is a derivative form an unofficial name for a soldier of Taman Division, which is in turn ...

(near Naro-Fominsk), Moscow Oblast, RSFSR (not to be confused with the 32nd ''Guards'' Tamanskaya MRD) ** 4th ''Guards Kantemirovskaya, awarded the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of Lenin'' Tank Division, ''named after'' '' Y. B. Andropov'' (''4-я гвардейская танковая Кантемировская ордена Ленина, Краснознамённая дивизия имени Ю. В. Андропова'' - Naro-Fominsk ** 32nd ''Guards Tamanskaya, awarded the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of Suvorov'' Motor Rifle Division (''32-я гвардейская мотострелковая Таманская Краснознамённая, ордена Суворова дивизия'') (converted into the 5210th ''Guards'' Armament and Equipment Storage Base (''5210-я гвардейская БХВТ'') in October of 1989, disbanded 1993) - Kalinin (not to be confused with the 2nd ''Guards'' Tamanskaya MRD) ** 149th Motor Rifle Division adred(''149-я мотострелковая дивизия кадра'') - Klintsy, Bryansk Oblast, RSFSR ** 196th Motor Rifle Division adred(''196-я мотострелковая дивизия кадра'') -

, Kursk Oblast, RSFSR ** 206th Motor Rifle Division adred(''206-я мотострелковая дивизия кадра'') - Kalinin ** 16th Artillery Division adred(''16-я артиллерийская дивизия кадра'') (converted into the 1874th Armament and Equipment Storage Base (Artillery Hardware Storage) (''1874-я БХВТ (БХИ-А)'') in the autumn of 1989) - Kalinin ** 17th Artillery Division adred(''17-я артиллерийская дивизия кадра'') (converted into the 1875th Armament and Equipment Storage Base (Artillery Hardware Storage) (''1875-я БХВТ (БХИ-А)'') in the autumn of 1989) - Tambov, Tambov Oblast, RSFSR ** 228th Rear Area Defence Division adred(''228-я дивизия охраны тыла кадра'') - Moscow ** 65th Deep Reserve Tank Division adred(''65-я запасная танковая дивизия кадра'') - Ryazan ** 255th Deep Reserve Motor Rifle Division adred(''255-я запасная мотострелковая дивизия кадра'') - Kursk

Land Forces

In addition to the ground forces divisions directly subordinated to the district HQ, the Moscow MD had the 13th Guards Army Corps as its main ground forces formation: * 13th Guards ''Kyonigsbergskiy, awarded the Order of the Red Banner'' Army Corps (''13-й гвардейский армейский Кенигсбергский Краснознамённый корпус''). In 1990 this corps was under the command of General

Fyodor Reut Fyodor Mikhailovich Reut (9 December 1946 – 25 October 2011) was a Soviet and later Russian military officer. Reut reached the rank of Colonel general and commanded the Group of Russian Forces in the Transcaucasus. In 1968 he graduated from th ...

. **Corps Command and HQ (''Управление корпуса'') - Gorkiy, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR **785th Separate Staff Security and Supply Company (''785-я отдельная рота охраны и обеспечения'') - Gorkiy, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR **779th Signals Nod (''779-й узел связи'') - Gorkiy, Gorky Oblast, RSFSR **72nd Separate ''Guards'' Signals Battalion (''72-й отдельный гвардейский батальон связи'') - Pyra, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR **635th Separate Radio Relay and Cable Communications Battalion (635-й отдельный радиорелейно-кабельный батальон) - Mulino, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR **298th Separate Radio Intercept and ELINT Battalion (''298-й отдельный батальон засечки и разведки'') - Gorkiy, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR **88th Air Defence Radar Battalion (''88-й отдельный радиотехнический батальон ПВО'') - Pyra, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR **50th Ballistic Missile Brigade (''50-я ракетная бригада'') - Shuya, Ivanovo Oblast, RSFSR **876th Separate Guards Combat Engineer Battalion (''876-й отдельный гвардейский инженерно-сапёрный батальон'') -

, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR **385th Separate Road and Bridge Construction Engineer Battalion (''385-й отдельный инженерный дорожно-мостовой батальон'') - Balakhna, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR ** 60th Sevsko-Varshavskaya, awarded the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of Suvorov'' Tank Division (''60-я танковая Севско-Варшавская Краснознамённая ордена Суворова дивизия''), Gorkiy, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR (former 60th Rifle Div. then briefly 65th Mech Div. and 43rd Tank Div. before becoming 60th Tank Div. in 1965; transformed on March 9, 1989 into the 5409th Armament and Equipment Storage Base (''5409-я БХВТ''), the 5409th AESB itself disbanded on February 13, 1990, as formations from the

Western Group of Forces The Western Group of Forces (WGF),. previously known as the Group of Soviet Occupation Forces in Germany (GSOFG). and the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany (GSFG),. were the troops of the Soviet Army in East Germany. The Group of Soviet Occupati ...

, such as the 47th Guards Tank Division and the 31st Tank Division transferred to the 13th ''Guards'' Army Corps, which in turn expanded into the 22nd ''Guards'' Combined Arms Army) (Division HQ in Gorkiy, the whole division based in Dzerzhinsk, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR) ***Division HQ ***509th Separate Signals Battalion (''509-й отдельный батальон связи'') ***14th ''Guards Zhytomyrsko- Shepetovskiy, awarded the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of Suvorov and the Order of Kutuzov'' Tank Regiment (''14-й гвардейский танковый Житомирско-Шепетовский Краснознамённый, орденов Суворова и Кутузова полк'') ***142nd Tank Regiment (''142-й танковый полк'') ***272nd Tank Regiment (''272-й танковый полк'') ***422''nd Awarded the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of Suvorov, the Order of Kutuzov and the Order of Alexander Nevsky'' Motor Rifle Regiment (''422-й мотострелковый орденов Суворова, Кутузова и Александра Невского полк'') ***863rd '' Prazhskiy, awarded the Order of Alexander Nevsky'' Artillery Regiment (''863-й артиллерийский Пражский ордена Александра Невского полк'') ***? Air Defence Artillery Regiment (''зенитный артиллерийский полк'') ***? Separate Ballistic Missile Battalion (''отдельный ракетный дивизион'') ***? Separate Reconnaissance Battalion (''отдельный разведывательный батальон'') ***696th Separate Combat Engineer Battalion (''696-й отдельный инженерно-сапёрный батальон'') ***Separate Chemical Defence Company (''отдельная рота химической защиты'') ***? Separate Repair and Overhaul Battalion (отдельный ремонтно-восстановительный батальон) ***491st Separate Medical Battalion (491-й отдельный медицинский батальон) ***? Separate Material Supply Battalion (отдельный батальон материального обеспечения) **5347th Armament and Equipment Storage Base (''5347-я БХВТ'') - Tambov, Tambov Oblast, RSFSR (formerly the 89th Motor Rifle Division adred(''89-я мотострелковая дивизия кадра''), transformed in the autumn of 1987 into the 1042nd Territorial Training Center (''1042-й ТУЦ'') and later in the autumn of 1989 into the 5347th AESB) **225th Motor Rifle Division adred(''225-я мотострелковая дивизия кадра'') - Mulino, Gorkiy Oblast, RSFSR

Air Forces of the Moscow Military District

Air Forces of the Moscow Military District (''ВВС Московского военного округа'')(formerly the 78th Air Army) Command and Headquarters (''Командование и штаб ВВС МВО'') - Moscow, RSFSR * 131st Separate Signals and Automatized Command and Control Systems Regiment (''131-отдельный полк связи и АСУ'') - Donino village (near

Ramenskoye Ramensky (masculine), Ramenskaya (feminine), or Ramenskoye (neuter) may refer to: ;People *Johnny Ramensky (1905–1972), Scottish criminal and war hero *Leonty Ramensky (1884–1953), Russian/Soviet ecologist ;Places *Ramensky District Ramensky ...

), Moscow Oblast, RSFSR * (''378-я отдельная смешанная авиационная эскадрилья'' (''378-я осаэ'')) - Kubinka, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR - Tu-134, An-12 An-26, Mi-8, An-2 * 297th Separate Helicopter Squadron for Radio-Electronic Warfare (''297-я отдельная вертолётная эскадрилья радиоэлектронной борьбы'' (''297-я овэ рэб'')) - Alabino, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR - Mi-8/9 * 9th ''Red Banner'' Fighter Aviation Division (''9-я Краснознамённая истребительная авиационная дивизия'') - Kubinka, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR (designated Fighter Aviation Division for historic reasons, not due to its composition) ** 234th ''Guards Proskurovskiy, awarded the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of Kutuzov and the Order of Alexander Nevsky'' Fighter Aviation Regiment (''234-й гвардейский истребительный авиационный Проскуровский Краснознамённый орденов Кутузова и Александра Невского полк'' (''234-й гвиап'')) - Kubinka - Su-27, MiG-29, MiG-23, Su-24M, Su-17M, Su-25, L-39 (although designated a combat aviation regiment, its main task was air display of Soviet-produced combat aircraft for foreign dignitaries and official delegations and for that reason in 1989 its designation was changed to the more fitting 237th ''Guards'' Center for Display of Aircraft Types (''237-й гвардейский центр показа авиационной техники'' (''237 ЦПАТ'')) ** 274th Aviation Regiment of Fighter-Bombers (''274-й авиационный полк истребителей-бомбардировщиков'' (''274-й апиб'')) - Tver ( Migalovo), Tver Oblast, RSFSR - Su-17M4 ** (940th Aviation Regiment of Fighter-Bombers (''940-й авиационный полк истребителей-бомбардировщиков'' (''940-й апиб'')) -

Rzhev Rzhev ( rus, Ржев, p=ˈrʐɛf) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, town in Tver Oblast, Russia, located southwest of Staritsa (town), Tver Oblast, Staritsa and from Tver, on the highway and railway connecting Moscow and Riga. It ...

, Tver Oblast, RSFSR - MiG-27))(disbanded in 1988) ** (32nd ''Guards Vilenskiy, awarded the Order of Lenin and the Order of Kutuzov'' Fighter Aviation Regiment (''32-й гвардейский истребительный авиационный Виленский орденов Ленина и Кутузова полк'' (''32 гвиап'')) - Shatalovo, Smolensk Oblast, RSFSR - MiG-23MLD)(disbanded in 1989) * 47th Separate Guards Borisovskiy, awarded the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of Suvorov Reconnaissance Aviation Regiment (''47-й отдельный гвардейский разведывательный авиационный Борисовский Краснознаменный ордена Суворова полк'' (''47-й огврап'')) - Shatalovo, SMolensk Oblast, RSFSR - Su-24MR (also Su-17M3R from November 1989 on, upgraded to the Su-17M4R variant in 1991) * 269th Separate Helicopter Regiment (''269-й отдельный вертолётный полк'' (''269-й овп'')) - Malino, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR - Mi-24, Mi-8, Mi-2 * '' Borisoglebskoye, awarded the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of Lenin'' Higher Military School for Pilots, ''named after V. P. Chkalov'' (''Борисоглебское ордена Ленина Краснознамённое военное авиационное училище лётчиков имени В. П. Чкалова'') - Borisoglebsk (air base), Voronezh Oblast, RSFSR ** 160th Instructor Fighter Aviation Regiment (''160-й инструкторский истребительный авиационный полк'' (''160-й ииап'')) - Borisoglebsk - MiG-21 ** 186th Training Aviation Regiment (''186-й учебный авиационный полк'' (''186-й уап'')) - Buturlinovka, Voronezh Oblast, RSFSR - MiG-21 ** 123rd Training Aviation Regiment (''123-й учебный авиационный полк'' (''123-й уап'')) - Zherdyovka, Voronezh Oblast, RSFSR - L-39 (disbanded in 1990) * ''Tambovskoye'' Higher Military School for Pilots, ''named after'' ''M. M. Raskova'' (''Тамбовское военное авиационное училище лётчиков имени М. М. Расковой'') - Tambov, Tambov Oblast, RSFSR ** 127th Training Aviation Regiment (''127-й учебный авиационный полк'' (''127-й уап'')) - Ryazhsk (Atashovo) - L-39 ** 643rd Training Aviation Regiment (''643-й учебный авиационный полк'' (''643-й уап'')) -

, Tula Oblast, RSFSR - L-39 (disbanded in 1990) ** 644th Training Aviation Regiment (''644-й учебный авиационный полк'' (''644-й уап'')) - Michurinsk - L-29 ** 652nd Training Aviation Regiment (''652-й учебный авиационный полк'' (''652-й уап'')) - Tambov - Tu-134UBL ** Aircraft Storage Base (''обаз'') - Tambov - stored MiG-23 * ''Tambovskoye, awarded the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of Lenin'' Higher Military Aviation Engineering School, ''named after F. E. Dzerzhinsky'' (''Тамбовское высшее военное авиационное инженерное ордена Ленина Краснознаменное училище имени Ф. Э. Дзержинского'') - Tambov In addition the following formations, units and establishments were based within the Moscow Military District, but were outside the control of the district's Air Forces: * 8th Aviation Division of Specific Purpose (''8-я авиационная дивизия особого назначения'' (''8-я ад он'')) - Chkalovsky - subordinated directly under the Ministry of Defence. The transport aviation regiments provided airlift for high ranking government officials and repositioning of troops at very short notice. The separate squadron provided command and control. ** 353th Aviation Regiment of Specific Purpose (''353-й авиационный полк особого назначения'' (''353-й ап он'')) - Chkalovsky - Il-62, Tu-154, Tu-134, Il-18, Il-76, An-72 ** 354th Aviation Regiment of Specific Purpose (''354-й авиационный полк особого назначения'' (''354-й ап он'')) - Chkalovsky - Il-76, Il-22, An-12, An-26, An-24 ** (355th Aviation Regiment of Specific Purpose (''355-й авиационный полк особого назначения'' (''355-й ап он'')) - Chkalovsky - disbanded in 1989 and absorbed into the 353rd Aviation Regiment along with its Tu-134 and Tu- 154 aircraft) ** Separate Composite Aviation Squadron (''отдельная смешанная авиационная эскадрилья'' (''осаэ'')) - Chkalovsky - Il-80 (4 aircraft), Il-76RT (2 aircraft) (attached to the 8th ADSP for air traffic control, ground support and maintenance, but reporting directly to the Ministry of Defence. The Il-80 was the airborne command center variant of the Il-86 and the Soviet counterpart to the E-4. The four Il-80 received command task force of officers detailed from the Ministry of Defence when on airborne duty. The two Il-76RT were relay aircraft (RT - 'retranslator') and had no command task force on board. They provided Ultra high frequency link between the Soviet nuclear triad and the command centers and were equipped with drag antennae array, which could extend to a total length of 6 kilometers. The Navy's SSBNs and the Air Force's Long Range Aviation normally used alternative communications channels, so the main task for the Il-76RTs remained to provide a link to the Strategic Rocket Forces. The command and control system was designated "Chain Link" (''"Звено"'') and included the Il-80s, the Il-76RTs, the underground silo-based '''Perimetr''' and the railway-based '''Gorn command alert missiles.) * 12th ''Mginskaya Red Banner'' Military Transport Aviation Division , Tver, RSFSR - part of the Military Transport Aviation branch of the Air Force ** 566th '' Solnechnogorskiy, awarded the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of Kutuzov'' Military Transport Aviation Regiment (''566-й Солнечногорский Краснознаменный ордена Кутузова военно-транспортный авиационный полк''), Seshta (near Bryansk), RSFSR - Antonov An-124 ** 978th Military Transport Aviation Regiment (''978-й военно-транспортный авиационный полк''), Seshta (near Bryansk), RSFSR - Antonov An-124 (2 squadrons),

Ilyushin Il-76 The Ilyushin Il-76 (russian: Илью́шин Ил-76; NATO reporting name: Candid) is a multi-purpose, fixed-wing, four-engine turbofan strategic airlifter designed by the Soviet Union's Ilyushin design bureau. It was first planned as a comm ...

(1 squadron) ** 8th Military Transport Aviation Regiment (''8-й военно-транспортный авиационный полк''), Tver, RSFSR - Antonov An-22 ** 81st Military Transport Aviation Regiment (''81-й военно-транспортный авиационный полк''), Ivanovo - Severny - Antonov An-22 * 4th Center for Combat Training and Re-qualification of Flight Personnel (''4-й Центр боевого применения и переучивания лётного состава'') - Lipetsk, Lipetsk Oblast, RSFSR - MiG-25RB, MiG-29, MiG-27, Su-24, Su-17М, Su-25 - fighter pilot training and re-qualification * 1046th Training Aviation Center (''1046-й учебный авиационный центр'') - Shatalovo, Smolensk Oblast, RSFSR - MiG-25RB, Su-24MR, Su-17M3R - training pilots for the reconnaissance aviation * HQ 37th Air Army of the High Command (Strategic Purpose) (''штаб 37-й воздушной армии ВГК СН'') - Moscow, RSFSR - strategic aviation * HQ 46th ''Red Banner'' Air Army of the High Command (Strategic Purpose) (''штаб 46-й воздушной армии ВГК СН'') - Smolensk, SMolensk Oblast, RSFSR - strategic aviation

Air defence cover

Unlike the Air Forces of the Moscow Military District, which were part of the district, the units and formations of the Air Defence Forces were kept separate, reporting to their own Main Staff. The Moscow MD came under the air defence umbrella of the Moscow Air Defence District, which was the sole such district within the ADF. Moscow, ''awarded the Order of Lenin'' District of Air Defence (''Московский ордена Ленина округа ПВО'') * District Command and Staff (''Командование и штаб округа'') - Moscow, RSFSR * 118th District Communications Nod (''118-й узел связи округа'') - Moscow * 436th Separate Transport Aviation Regiment (''436-й отдельный транспортный авиационный полк'') - Stupino, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR - An-12, An-26, An-24, Mi-8 * 1082nd Separate Automobile Battalion of the Moscow District of Air Defence, awarded the Order of Lenin (''1082-й отдельный ордена Ленина Московского Округа ПВО автомобилный батальон'') * 1st ''Red Banner'' Air Defence Army of Specific Purpose ( ''1-я Краснознамённая армия ПВО особого назначения'') -

Balashikha Balashikha ( rus, Балашиха, p=bəlɐˈʂɨxə) is a city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Pekhorka River east of the Moscow Ring Road. Population: Etymology In Finno-Ugric languages, ''Bala-shika'' means ''land of celebrations, ...

, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR ** 1082nd Command Post (''1082-й командный пункт'') - Balashikha ** 9th Communications Nod (''9-й узел связи'') - Balashikha ** 2366th Separate Cable Communications Battalion (''2366-й отдельный батальон кабельной связи'') - Mytishchi, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR ** 1081st Separate Automobile Battalion (''1081-й отдельный автомобилный батальон'') ** 1092nd Separate Automobile Battalion (''1092-й отдельный автомобилный батальон'') ** 669th Separate Equipment Service and Overhaul Battalion (''669-й отдельный батальон по обслуживанию и восстановлению техники'') - Istra, Moscow Oblast, RSFSR ** - 26 S-300 missile air defence regiments between the four divisions - ** 52nd Radio-Technical Brigade (''52-я отдельная радиотехническая бригада'') - Mytishchi *** 4 separate radio-technical battalions (sing. ''отдельный радиотехнический батальон''): **** 2317th (Kashira), 2318th ( Kosteryovo), 2319th ( Savyolovo) and 2320th (Goretovo, Moscow Oblast) ** 86th Air Defence Division of Specific Purpose (''86-я дивизия ПВО специального назначения'') - Vidnoye *** 499th Separate Signals Battalion (''499-й отдельный батальон связи'') - Vidnoye *** 6 missile air defence regiments (sing. ''зенитный ракетный полк''): **** 635th ( Stepanshchino village), 628th (Torbeyevo), 705th (Nizhnee Shakhlovo), 16th (Fenino), 614th (Pestovo) and 549th ( Klyonovo) *** 9th Radio-Technical Regiment (''9-й радиотехнический полк'') - Kashira *** 1486th Missile Technical Base (''1486-я ракетная техническая база'') - Tolbino *** 225th Technical Base (''225-я техническая база'') - Belye Stolby ** 87th Air Defence Division of Specific Purpose (''87-я дивизия ПВО специального назначения'') - Balashikha *** 501st Separate Signals Battalion (''501-й отдельный батальон связи'') - Balashikha *** 6 missile air defence regiments: **** 674th (Yakovlevo), 799th (Dubky), 654th (Kashino), 756th (Novoye), 629th (Kablukovo) and 606th (Zakharovo) *** 14th Radio-Technical Regiment (''14-й радиотехнический полк'') - Kosteryovo *** 1488th Missile Technical Base (''1488-я ракетная техническая база'') - Makarovo *** 194th Technical Base (''194-я техническая база'') - Fryazevo ** 88th Air Defence Division of Specific Purpose (''88-я дивизия ПВО специального назначения'') - Dolgoprudny *** 187th Separate Signals Battalion (''187-й отдельный батальон связи'') - Dolgoprudny *** 7 missile air defence regiments: **** 789th (Vvedyonskoye (Klin-7 military encampment)), 17th (Borozda (Klin-9 military encampment)), 658th (Maloye Rogachyovo), 722nd (Kovrigino), 748th (Yeryomino), 584th (Maryno) and 566th (Dubrovka) *** 21st Radio-Technical Regiment (''21-й радиотехнический полк'') - Savyolovo *** 1491st Missile Technical Base (''1491-я ракетная техническая база'') - Trudovaya ** 89th Air Defence Division of Specific Purpose (89-я дивизия ПВО специального назначения) - Odintsovo *** 250th Separate Signals Battalion (''250-й отдельный батальон связи'') - Odintsovo *** 7 missile air defence regiments: **** 791st (Vorsino), 662nd (Nesteryovo), 650th (Denkovo), 6th (Arkhangelskoye), 709th (Lyskovo), 612th (Glagolevo) and 625th (Funkovo) *** 25th Radio-Technical Regiment (''25-й радиотехнический полк'') - Goretovo *** 1494th Missile Technical Base (''1494-я ракетная техническая база'') - Istra *** 190th Technical Base (''190-я техническая база'') - Golitsyno * 2nd Air Defence Corps (''2-й корпус ПВО'') -

, Tver Oblast, RSFSR ** Corps Command and Staff (''управление корпуса'') ** Corps Command Post (''командный пункт корпуса'') ** Corps Automatised Command and Control Systems Center (''центр АСУ корпуса'') ** 4 fighter aviation regiments *** 28th ''Guards Leningradskiy, awarded the Order of Kutuzov'' Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Air Defence Forces (''28-й гвардейский истребительный авиационный Ленинградский ордена Кутузова полк ПВО'') - Krichev, Mogilyov Oblast, Belarus SSR - MiG-25P/U (not to be confused with the 28th FAR) *** 790th ''Awarded the Order of Kutuzov'' Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Air Defence Forces (''790-й истребительный авиационный ордена Кутузова полк ПВО'') -

Khotilovo Borisovsky Khotilovo (also given as Borisovskiy, Borisovsky, and Khatilovo) is an air base in Tver Oblast, Russia located 24 km south of the town of Bologoye. It is an interceptor base with three groups of fan revetments and is home to 790 ...

(Noviy), Tver Oblast, RSFSR - MiG-25P/U *** 28th Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Air Defence Forces (''28-й истребительный авиационный полк ПВО'') -

Andreapol Andreapol (russian: Андреа́поль) is a town and the administrative center of Andreapolsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia, located on the Valdai Hills on the left bank in the upper course of the Western Dvina. Population: 12,000 (19 ...

, Tver Oblast, RSFSR - MiG-23P/UB (not to be confused with the 28th ''Guards'' FAR) *** 401st Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Air Defence Forces (''401-й истребительный авиационный полк ПВО'') - Smolensk (Severniy), Smolensk Oblast, RSFSR - MiG-23P/UB ** 6 missile air defence regiments: *** 242nd ''Guards'' ( Mozhaysk), 47th (Turginovo), 195th ( Valday), 210th ''Red Star'' (Dubrovka), 713th (Narynka (Klin-10 military encampment), Klinsky District) and 1281th ( Toropets) ** 3rd Radio-Technical Brigade (''3-я радиотехническая бригада'') - Rzhev ( Port (Rzhev-3) military encampment), Tver Oblast, RSFSR * 3rd Air Defence Corps (''3-й корпус ПВО'') - Yaroslavl, Yaroslavl Oblast, RSFSR ** Corps Command and Staff (''управление корпуса'') ** Corps Command Post (''командный пункт корпуса'') ** Corps Automatised Command and Control Systems Center (''центр АСУ корпуса'') ** 124th Communications Nod (''124-й узел связи'') - Yaroslavl ** 114th Separate Radio-Relay Battalion (''114-й отдельный радио-релейный батальон'') ** 380th Separate Electronic Warfare Battalion (380-й ''отдельный батальон'' РЭБ) ** 2 fighter aviation regiments *** 415th Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Air Defence Forces (''415-й истребительный авиационный полк ПВО'') - Tunoshna (Yaroslavl), Yaroslavl Oblast, RSFSR - MiG-23P *** 611th Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Air Defence Forces (''611-й истребительный авиационный полк ПВО'') -

Dorokhovo Dorokhovo (russian: Дорохово) is the name of several rural localities in Russia: * Dorokhovo, Arkhangelsk Oblast, a village in Khavrogorsky Selsoviet of Kholmogorsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast * Dorokhovo, Bryansk Oblast, a village ...

(Bezhetsk), Tver Oblast, RSFSR - Su-15 ** 79th ''Guards'' Missile Air Defence Brigade (''79-я гвардейская зенитно-ракетная бригада'') - Pitino village (near

Cherepovets Cherepovets ( rus, Череповец, p=tɕɪrʲɪpɐˈvʲɛts) is a city in Vologda Oblast, Russia, located in the west of the oblast on the banks of the Sheksna River (a tributary of the Volga River) and on the shores of the Rybinsk Reservoir. ...

), Vologda Oblast, RSFSR ** 7 missile air defence regiments: *** 48th (Yaroslavl), 164th (Kimry), 380th (Verkhnehovolskiy), 474th (Ogarkovo), 485th (?), 488th (Susanino) and 1257th (Pereslavl-Zalesskiy) ** 6th ''Red Banner'' Radio-Technical Brigade (''6-я радиотехническая Краснознамённая бригада'') - Yaroslavl, Yaroslavl Oblast, RSFSR ** 66th Radio-Technical Regiment (''66-й радиотехнический полк'') - Vologda, Vologda Oblast, RSFSR (disbanded on 22.02. 1989 and absorbed into the 6th RTBde) * 7th Air Defence Corps - (7-й корпус ПВО) - Bryansk, Bryansk Oblast, RSFSR ** Corps Command and Staff (''управление корпуса'') ** Corps Command Post (''командный пункт корпуса'') ** Corps Automatised Command and Control Systems Center (''центр АСУ корпуса'') ** 208th Communications Nod (''208-й узел связи'') - Bryansk ** 2 fighter aviation regiments *** 191st Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Air Defence Forces (''191-й истребительный авиационный полк ПВО'') - Yefremov - MiG-23P/UB *** 472nd Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Air Defence Forces (''472-й истребительный авиационный полк ПВО'') - Kursk (Vostochny), Kursk Oblast, RSFSR - MiG-23P/UB ** 8 missile air defence regiments: *** 80th ''Guards'' (Stukalovo village near Tula), 493rd ''Guards Venskiy, awarded the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of Kutuzov and the Order of Alexander Nevsky'' (Ryazan), 108th ''Tulskiy'' (Shilovo village near Voronezh), 260th ''Red Banner'' (Bryansk), 326th (Podolsk), 559th (?), 791st (?) and 1284th (Yerdenyovo village near Maloyaroslavets) ** 41st Radio-Technical Brigade (''41-я радиотехническая бригада'') -

Oryol Oryol ( rus, Орёл, p=ɐˈrʲɵl, lit. ''eagle''), also transliterated as Orel or Oriol, is a city and the administrative center of Oryol Oblast situated on the Oka River, approximately south-southwest of Moscow. It is part of the Central Fed ...

* 16th Air Defence Corps - (''16-й корпус ПВО'') - Gorky, Gorky Oblast, RSFSR ** Corps Command and Staff (''управление корпуса'') ** Corps Command Post (''командный пункт корпуса'') ** Corps Automatised Command and Control Systems Center (''центр АСУ корпуса'') ** 101st Communications Nod (''101-й узел связи'') - Gorky ** 904th Separate Radio-Relay Signals Battalion (''904-й отдельный радиорелейный батальон'') - Gorky ** 412th Separate Electronic Warfare Battalion (''412-й отдельный батальон'' ''РЭБ'') - Gorky ** 2 fighter aviation regiments *** 153rd Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Air Defence Forces (''153-й истребительный авиационный полк ПВО'') - Morshansk, Tambov Oblast, RSFSR - Su-15 (converted to MiG-31 in 1990) *** 786th Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Air Defence Forces (''786-й истребительный авиационный полк ПВО'') - Pravdinsk, Gorky Oblast, RSFSR - MiG-31 ** 72nd Missile Air Defence Brigade (''72-я зенитно-ракетная бригада'') - Gorodets, Gorky Oblast, RSFSR ** 4 missile air defence regiments: *** 371st ''Guards Bobruysko-Berlinskiy, awarded the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of Alexander Nevsky, the Order of Kutuzov and the Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky'' (Kosteryovo, Vladimir Oblast), 291st (Neya village, Kostroma Oblast), 356th (Sharya, Kostroma Oblast) and 387th ( Arzamas 16)(often mentioned as the most secretive closed city within the USSR) ** 9th Radio-Technical Brigade (''9-я радиотехническая бригада'') - Gorky ** 65th Radio-Technical Regiment (''65-й радиотехнический полк'') - Morshansk

Post-Soviet era

With the collapse of the USSR the District became for the first time in its history a boundary district and thus a new priority was put on building up combat forces within it, rather than the training and capital garrison focus of the Soviet period. In the early 1990s the District received the headquarters of the First Guards Tank Army from the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany. It was relocated to Smolensk, and consisted of the 4th Guards Tank Division and

144th Guards Motor Rifle Division The 144th Guards Yelnya Red Banner Order of Suvorov Motor Rifle Division () is a motorized infantry division of the Russian Ground Forces, reestablished in 2016 with its headquarters at Yelnya, Smolensk Oblast. The division traces its lineage ba ...

(at Yelnya). However the Army's headquarters disbanded later in the 1990s, along with the 144th Guards MRD. In addition, the 6th Guards Motor Rifle Brigade was withdrawn from Germany and restationed at

. The 22nd Army Headquarters was reformed from 13th Army Corps in the early 1990s, to control the new 3rd Motor Rifle Division among other formations. The 22nd Army had previously been inactive for a long period; it was last operational immediately after the war (when it participated in the

Second Rzhev-Sychevka Offensive Operation Mars (Russian: Операция «Марс»), also known as the Second Rzhev-Sychevka Offensive Operation (Russian: Вторая Ржевско-Сычёвская наступательная операция), was the codename fo ...

in late 1942) when its HQ along with the 109th Rifle Division arrived in the South Ukraine in May 1945. In the Northern summer of 1945, together with the headquarters of the Separate Coastal Army, located in the Crimea, it was reorganised as the new but short-lived Tavria Military District. On 1 June 1997 the

59th Guards Motor Rifle Division The 59th Guards Kramatorsk Order of Red Banner, Order of Suvorov, Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky Motor-Rifle Division of the Soviet Union's Red Army was initially formed near Krasnodar in March 1942 as the 197th Rifle Division (2nd formation). On th ...

in Transdnestr, Moldova, was reorganised as the 8th Guards Independent Motor-Rifle Brigade with four motor-rifle battalions, one tank battalion, two artillery battalions, and an anti-tank battalion plus other combat support and support units. After several years reporting directly to the General Staff, the Operational Group of Russian Forces in Moldova was realigned under the command of the Moscow Military District in 1998. Previously the

14th Guards Army The 14th Guards Army () was a field army of the Red Army, the Soviet Ground Forces, and the Russian Ground Forces, active from 1956 to 1995. According to sources within the 14th Army, the majority of its troops came from the Pridnestrovian Moldavia ...

(it was renamed in April 1995), forces and individuals from this command played a major part in the early 1990s in establishing and maintaining the Transnistrian separatists of the Transnistria as a viable ''de facto'' state.

Order of battle c. 2006

The District had around 75,000 troops assigned and consisted of the following formations. The entire Ground Forces began to go through a major reorganisation (the 2008 Russian military reform), which apparently began in March 2009, in which armies become operational commands and divisions were redesignated brigades. *1st Separate Rifle Brigade for Security of the Ministry of Defence premises (1-я отдельная стрелковая бригада охраны МО) - Moscow. Disbanded 2008, and absorbed by the 27th independent Guards Motor Rifle Brigade. * 2nd ''Tamanskaya'' Guards Motor Rifle Division * 34th Guards Perekop Red Banner Order of Suvorov Artillery Division, Mulino (Gorokhovets) *

27th Guards Sevastopol Motor Rifle Brigade The 27th Separate Guards Sevastopol Red Banner Motor Rifle Brigade "60th Anniversary of the USSR" () is a tactical formation (military), formation of the Russian Ground Forces. Its Military Unit Number (V/Ch) is 61899 (military unit 61899). It is p ...

, Tyoply Stan (or possibly Mosrentgen as the two districts are adjacent, hugging the border between Moscow city and Moscow Oblast at the time) * 112th Guards Rocket Brigade (

Shuya Shuya may refer to: Places *Shuya (inhabited locality), name of several inhabited localities in Russia *Shuya (Karelia), Neva basin, Russia *Shuya (Kostroma Oblast), Volga basin, Russia People with the given name *, Japanese footballer *, Japanes ...

) (Tochka SSM) *

20th Guards Army The 20th Guards Combined Arms Army (originally designated as the 4th Tank Army, 4th Guards Tank Army in 1945, 4th Guards Mechanised Army in 1946, and the 20th Guards Army in 1960 within the Soviet Ground Forces) is a field army. In 1991, after th ...

(to operational command) **

, (to brigade) **

10th Guards Uralsko-Lvovskaya Tank Division The 10th Guards ''Uralsko-Lvovskaya'' Volunteer Tank Division, also known as the Ural-Lvov Tank Division, is a tank division of the Russian Ground Forces and part of the Moscow Military District's 20th Guards Army. The division traces its herit ...

, гвардейская танковая Уральско-Львовская дивизия (to brigade) **397th MRL Regiment (Skopin) **

448th Rocket Brigade The 448th Rocket Brigade named for S.P. Nepobedimy is a tactical ballistic missile brigade of the Russian Ground Forces. Based in Kursk, the brigade is part of the 20th Guards Army. History The brigade was formed in September 1987 at Born in E ...

(

) (Tochka SSM) **4944th Base for Storage of Weapons and Equipment ( Yelnya)(former 144 Guards MRD) **other units * 22nd Army, 22-я армия, Nizhni Novgorod (appears to be disbanding) ** 3rd ''Vislenskaya'' Motor Rifle Division, Mulino, мотострелковая Вислянская дивизия (splitting into two brigades) **

5th Anti-Aircraft Rocket Brigade The 5th Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade () is an air defence brigade of the Russian Ground Forces' 6th Army, stationed at Gorelovo in Saint Petersburg. Formed in 1961 at Uzhhorod in Ukraine as the 919th Separate Anti-Aircraft Missile Regiment, it ...

(Shuya) **50th Rocket Brigade (Shuya) (Tochka SSM) **211th Artillery Brigade (Mulino) **918th Multiple Rocket Launcher Regiment (Mulino) ** Base for Storage of Weapons and Equipment (Tver) (ex 166th Motor Rifle Brigade) **other units * Operational Group of Russian Forces in Moldova ( Tiraspol) (formerly 14th Guards Army) **(two?) separate battalions, formerly from the 8th Guards Motor Rifle Brigade *

16th Spetsnaz Brigade The 16th Separate Guards Spetsnaz Brigade (Russian: 16-я отдельная гвардейская бригада специального назначения) is a spetsnaz military formation of the Russian Federation subordinate to the Spetsna ...

, 16-я бригада спецназа *

467th Guards District Training Centre The 467th Guards District Training Center for Junior Specialists of the Western Military District (Russian: 467 гвардейский Краснознамённый Московско-Тартуский межвидовой окружной уч ...

(Kovrov) (included 44th Guards Tank Training Regiment, Vladimir) *

16th Air Army The 16th Red Banner Air Army (russian: 16-я воздушная Краснознамённая армия) was the most important formation of the Special Purpose Command. Initially formed during the Second World War as a part of the Soviet Air F ...

*other formations and units In addition to normal units, the district was home at least until 2001 to the 11th Separate Cavalry Regiment ( :ru:11-й отдельный кавалерийский полк), a unit used for producing war films. The unit was based at Kobyakovo.

'' Order of Lenin'' Moscow Military District 2010

Russian Ground Forces - Moscow Military District Structure

* Combat formations: ** 4th Guards Independent Tank Brigade ''"Kantemir"'', in Naro-Fominsk ** 5th Guards Independent Motor-Rifle Brigade ''"Taman"'', in Kalininec equipped with BTR ** 6th Independent Tank Brigade ''"Chentokhovskaya"'', in Mulino ** 9th Guards Independent Motor-Rifle Brigade, in Nizhny Novgorod equipped with BMP ** 16th Independent Spetsnaz Brigade, in ( Tambov) **

, in

equipped with BMP ** Operational Group of Russian Forces (in Transnistria) ** 99th Reserve Base (13th Independent Motor-Rifle Brigade), in Tver ** 262nd Reserve Base (1st Independent Tank Brigade), in Boguchar **

, in Kovrov * Missile and Artillery formations: ** 45th Heavy Artillery Brigade ''"Svir"'', in Tambov ** 79th Guards MLRS Brigade, in Tver ** 112th Guards Missile Brigade, in Shuya ** 288th Artillery Brigade ''"Warsaw-Brandenburg"'', in Mulino ** 448th Missile Brigade, in

Durnevo Durnevo (russian: Дурнево) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, rural locality (a Village#Russia, village) in Novlenskoye Rural Settlement, Vologodsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 3 as of 2002. Geography D ...

** 7015th Artillery Reserve Base, in Mulino * Air-defence formations: ** 53rd Air-defence Missile Brigade, in

equipped with the Buk missile system ** 886th Air-defence Command Center * Radar formations: ** 70th Independent Radio Technical Brigade, in Naro-Fominsk ** 51st Independent Radio Technical Battalion, in Dmitriev-Lgovskyy * Engineering formations: ** 7th Independent Engineer Regiment, in

Belev Belyov (russian: Белёв) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, town and the administrative center of Belyovsky District in Tula Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Oka River. Population: 13,180 (2018); History As is the ca ...

** 841st Independent Engineer Battalion * NBC-defence formations: ** 27th Independent NBC-defence Brigade, in

** 465th Independent NBC-defence Battalion, in

* Signal formations: ** 1st Signal Brigade ''"Sevastopol"'', in Selyatino ** 16th Independent Electronic Warfare Brigade ** 119th Signal Brigade, in Selyatino ** 147th Independent (Rear) Signal Battalion Formations of the

Airborne Forces Airborne forces, airborne troops, or airborne infantry are ground combat units carried by aircraft and airdropped into battle zones, typically by parachute drop or air assault. Parachute-qualified infantry and support personnel serving in ai ...

, including the

98th Guards Airborne Division The 98th Guards Airborne Division is an airborne division of the Russian Airborne Troops, currently based in Ivanovo. Russian 98th Airborne Division patch.svg, 98th Guards Airborne Division shoulder sleeve insignia (1993) History During the Se ...

and 106th Guards Airborne Division ''"Tula"'', also are based within the District's boundaries, but report directly to VDV headquarters. Army General Vladimir Bakin was the former chief of staff – first deputy commander-in-chief of forces of the Volga-Ural Military District.

Notes

References

* *Kommersant-Vlast, 'Vys Rossiya Armia'. https://web.archive.org/web/20050309013355/http://www.kommersant.ru/k-vlast/get_page.asp?page_id=2005769-22.htm, 14 May 2002 * IISS Military Balance *Harriet Fast Scott and William F Scott, The Armed Forces of the USSR, Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado, 1979.