art history Art history is the study of Work of art, artistic works made throughout human history. Among other topics, it studies art’s formal qualities, its impact on societies and cultures, and how artistic styles have changed throughout history. Tradit ...

, an

anonymous master In art history, an anonymous master is an Old Master whose work is known, but whose name is lost. Renaissance Only in the Renaissance did individual artists in Western Europe acquire personalities known by their peers (some listed by Vasari in hi ...

is an

Old Master In art history, "Old Master" (or "old master")Old Masters De ...

whose work is known, but whose name is lost.

Renaissance

Only in the Renaissance did individual artists in Western Europe acquire personalities known by their peers (some listed by

Vasari Giorgio Vasari (30 July 1511 – 27 June 1574) was an Italian Renaissance painter, architect, art historian, and biographer who is best known for his work '' Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects'', considered the ide ...

in his ''

Lives of the Artists ''The Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects'' () is a series of artist biographies written by 16th-century Italian painter and architect Giorgio Vasari, which is considered "perhaps the most famous, and even today the ...

''), such as those known by: * Their true name or their father's name: **

Filippino Lippi Filippino Lippi (probably 1457 – 18 April 1504) was an Italian Renaissance painter mostly working in Florence, Italy during the later years of the Early Renaissance and first few years of the High Renaissance. He also worked in Rome for a ...

after his father

Fra Filippo Lippi Filippo Lippi ( – 8 October 1469), also known as Lippo Lippi, was an Italian Renaissance painter of the Quattrocento (fifteenth century) and a Carmelite priest. He was an early Renaissance master of a painting workshop, who taught many paint ...

* A chosen

pseudonym A pseudonym (; ) or alias () is a fictitious name that a person assumes for a particular purpose, which differs from their original or true meaning ( orthonym). This also differs from a new name that entirely or legally replaces an individual's o ...

, possibly linked to his birthplace or his father's trade: **

Giuliano da Sangallo Giuliano da Sangallo (c. 1445 – 1516) was an Italian sculptor, architect and military engineer active during the Italian Renaissance. He is known primarily for being the favored architect of Lorenzo de' Medici, his patron. In this role, Giuli ...

worked on the gate of Saint Gall **

Antonio del Pollaiuolo Antonio del Pollaiuolo ( , , ; 17 January 1429/14334 February 1498), also known as Antonio di Jacopo Pollaiuolo or Antonio Pollaiuolo (also spelled Pollaiolo), was an Italian Renaissance painter, sculptor, engraver, and goldsmith, who made ...

, after his father, a chicken farmer (pollo in Italian) **

Jacopo del Sellaio Jacopo del Sellaio (1441/42–1493) was an Italian painter of the early Renaissance, active in his native Florence. His real name was Jacopo di Arcangelo. He worked in an eclectic style based on those of Botticelli, Filippino Lippi, and Domenico ...

, after his father, a saddler (''sellier'') ** The

Della Robbia Della Robbia is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Luca della Robbia (1400–1481), Italian sculptor * Andrea della Robbia (1435–1525), Italian sculptor, nephew of Luca * Giovanni della Robbia (1469–1529), son of Andrea * Gir ...

s (after the Tuscan word ''robbia'', dyers'

madder ''Rubia'' is the type genus of the Rubiaceae family of flowering plants, which also contains ''Coffea'' (coffee). It contains around 80 species of perennial scrambling or climbing herbs and subshrubs native to the Old World. The genus and it ...

, and his father, the dyer

Luca della Robbia Luca della Robbia (, also , ; 1399/1400–1482) was an Italian Renaissance sculptor from Florence. Della Robbia is noted for his colorful, tin-glazed terracotta statuary, a technique that he invented and passed on to his nephew Andrea della R ...

) ** Masuccio Segondo, student of Masuccio Primo ** etc. * A surname attributed to him: ** Il Cronaca, who never stopped talking about the ruins he had seen in Rome **

Daniele da Volterra Daniele Ricciarelli (; 15094 April 1566), better known as Daniele da Volterra (, ), was a Mannerism, Mannerist List of Italian painters, Italian painter and sculpture, sculptor. He is best remembered for his association with Michelangelo. Sev ...

, nicknamed ''Il Braghettone'' (the

breeches Breeches ( ) are an article of clothing covering the body from the waist down, with separate coverings for each leg, usually stopping just below the knee, though in some cases reaching to the ankles. Formerly a standard item of Western men's ...

maker) for having censored nudes in paintings by adding cloths or branches, at the request of

Pope Paul IV Pope Paul IV (; ; 28 June 1476 – 18 August 1559), born Gian Pietro Carafa, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 23 May 1555 to his death, in August 1559. While serving as papal nuncio in Spain, he developed ...

, for the madder colour he used as a ceramicist **

Masaccio Masaccio (, ; ; December 21, 1401 – summer 1428), born Tommaso di Ser Giovanni di Simone, was a Florentine artist who is regarded as the first great List of Italian painters, Italian painter of the Quattrocento period of the Italian Renaiss ...

, known as the idiot ** etc. * A

corporation A corporation or body corporate is an individual or a group of people, such as an association or company, that has been authorized by the State (polity), state to act as a single entity (a legal entity recognized by private and public law as ...

, whose generic name is given to works made by all its members: ** the Campionesi Masters, sculptors and builders of religious buildings (Ugo da Campione,

Bonino da Campione Bonino da Campione was an Italian sculptor in the Gothic style, active between 1350 and 1390. His name indicates that he was born in - or into a family originating in - Campione d'Italia, a Lombardy town in an enclave within Switzerland. His wor ...

, Giovanni da Campione, Zenone de Campione, Matteo da Campione)

20th-century problems of attribution

The idea of a named and recognised painter originated among art historians early in the 20th century, who were attributing works they recognised to known painters. They later went back on some of these attributions, renaming as anonymous the painters they had formerly named. One example is the case of

Pier Francesco Fiorentino Pier Francesco Fiorentino (1444/1445 – after 1497) was a 15th-century painter active in San Gimignano for much of his mature life, depicting religious-themed subjects. Biography Fiorentino was born in Florence, the son of the Florentine pa ...

, to whom

Bernard Berenson Bernard Berenson (June 26, 1865 – October 6, 1959) was an American art historian specializing in the Renaissance. His book ''The Drawings of the Florentine Painters'' was an international success. His wife Mary is thought to have had a large ...

attributed a number of works which were later re-attributed to

Pseudo Pier Francesco Fiorentino Pier Francesco Fiorentino (1444/1445 – after 1497) was a 15th-century painter active in San Gimignano for much of his mature life, depicting religious-themed subjects. Biography Fiorentino was born in Florence, the son of the Florentine pai ...

, a Florence copyist. Some painters have even been described as anonymous (even many times like

Barthélemy Eyck Barthélemy, or Barthélémy is a French name, a cognate of Bartholomew. Notable people with this name include: Given name * Barthélemy (explorer), French youth who accompanied the explorer de La Salle in 1687 * Barthélémy Bisengimana, Con ...

) before later being recognised. They thus held several names historically (those who are noted on the page devoted to them), although doubts continue surrounding some, such as Giovanni Gaddi (after 1333 – 1383) maybe the ''Master of the Misericordia dell’Accademia''.

Artists

Dates

Master of 1302 The so-called Master of 1302 () was an Italian painter active in Emilia in the first half of the 14th century. His works were basically Gothic in style, with modernized touches; his name comes from a set of votive frescos painted for bishop ...

Master of 1310 The Master of 1310 was an Italian painter active in Pistoia at the end of the 13th into the beginning of the fourteenth century. His name is derived from an altarpiece depicting the ''Madonna and Child with Angels and the Commandant Filippo Paci' ...

Master of 1328 The Master of 1328 was an Italian illuminated manuscript, illuminator active in the area around Bologna from about 1320 until 1340. His name is derived from the date on a tradesman's register, the ''Matricola dei merciai'', now in the Civic Mus ...

* Master of 1342 * Master of 1499 * Master of the 1540s

A

Master of Alkmaar The Master of Alkmaar was a Dutch painter active around Alkmaar at the beginning of the sixteenth century. Their name is derived from a series of panel paintings from the church of Saint Lawrence in that city, dated to 1504 and showing the Seven ...

* Master of Ambrass *

Master of Amiens Master, master's or masters may refer to: Ranks or titles In education: *Master (college), head of a college *Master's degree, a postgraduate or sometimes undergraduate degree in the specified discipline *Schoolmaster or master, presiding office ...

* Master of the Antiphonal Q of San Giorgio Maggiore * Master of Antoine de Bourgogne * Master of Arguis * Master of Ávila * Master of the Altarpiece of the Ten Commandments * Master of the Aquisgrana Altarpiece * Master of the Annunciation to the Shepherds * Master of Astorga * Master of the Assisi Choirbooks

B

Master of Badia a Isola The Master of Badia a Isola was an Italian painter. His name is taken from a depiction of the Madonna and Child that hangs in the Badia dei Santi Salvatore e Cirino in Abbadia a Isola Abbadia a Isola is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, a ...

Master of the Bamberg Altar The Master of the Bamberg Altar (''floruit, fl.'' 1420–1440) was a German painter active in the Nuremberg area. His name is derived from an altarpiece depicting scenes from the Passion (Christianity), Passion, painted in 1429 for the Francisc ...

* Master of the Bardi Saint Francis * Becerril Master *

Bedford Master The Bedford Master was a manuscript illuminator active in Paris during the fifteenth century. He is named for the work he did on two books illustrated for John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford between 1415 and 1435. One is the Bedford Hours ...

* Master of the Beighem Altarpiece * Master of the Berswordt Altar * First Master of the Bible Historiale of Jean de Berry *

Bigallo Master The Master of the Bigallo Crucifix or Bigallo Master (floruit, fl. 1215/20-1265) was an Italian painter active around Florence in the Duecento, first half of the 13th century. He ran one of the first fully organized workshops before Cimabue, sp ...

Master of the Blue Crucifixes The Master of the Blue Crucifixes was an Italian artist active either in the region of Umbria or Emilia during the middle of the thirteenth century. He is associated with the Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi, and may have been an assistant o ...

Master of the Brunswick Diptych The Master of the Brunswick Diptych (fl. c. 1480-1510) was a Dutch early Renaissance painter. Life and works Nothing is known for certain about the anonymous master. Some scholars have attempted to identify the artist as Jacob van Haarlem, who is ...

* Brunswick Monogrammist * Master of the Brussels Initials * Master of the Burgundian Prelates * Master of the Bützow Altarpiece * Byzantine Master of the Crucifix of Pisa

C

* Campionesi Masters * Chief Associate of the Bedford Master * City of Ladies Master and his studio of illuminators of ''

The Book of the City of Ladies ''The Book of the City of Ladies'', or ''Le Livre de la Cité des Dames'', is a book written by Christine de Pizan believed to have been finished by 1405. Perhaps Pizan's most famous literary work, it is her second work of lengthy prose. Pizan u ...

'' by

Christine de Pisan Christine de Pizan or Pisan (, ; born Cristina da Pizzano; September 1364 – ), was an Italian-born French court writer for King Charles VI of France and several French royal dukes, in both prose and poetry. Christine de Pizan served as a cour ...

* Master of Cabestany * Master of the Cappella di San Nicola * Master of the Cappella Medici Polyptych * Master of the Cassone degli Adimari, probably

Lo Scheggia Giovanni di Ser Giovanni, (1406 – 1486) also known as Lo Scheggia, or "the Splinter" was an Italian Renaissance painter in Florence who was born in San Giovanni Valdarno and was the younger brother of the famous Masaccio. He and his worksho ...

, brother of

Master of the Cassoni Campana Master, master's or masters may refer to: Ranks or titles In education: *Master (college), head of a college *Master's degree, a postgraduate or sometimes undergraduate degree in the specified discipline *Schoolmaster or master, presiding office ...

, builder of ''

cassone A cassone (plural ''cassoni'') or marriage chest is a rich and showy Italian type of chest, which may be inlaid or carved, prepared with gesso ground then painted and gilded. ''Pastiglia'' was decoration in low relief carved or moulded in ...

'' * Master of Castelsardo * Master of Castelseprio, fresco painter at Santa Maria Foris Portas at Castelseprio, in the

province of Varese The province of Varese () is a Provinces of Italy, province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Varese (population of 80,857 inhabitants), but its largest city is Busto Arsizio. The headquarters of AgustaWestland, the compa ...

. * Master of the Castello della Manta * Master of Crea *

Master of the Cypresses The Master of the Cypresses is a notname invented by the art historian Diego Angulo Íñiguez in 1928 for a painter and manuscript illuminator working in Seville around the years 1420–1440. The name derives from the frequent appearance of pointe ...

D

Dipylon Master The Dipylon Master was an ancient Greek vase painter who was active from around 760–750 BC. He worked in Athens, where he and his workshop produced large funerary vessels for those interred in the Dipylon Gate cemetery, whence his name comes. H ...

* Master of the Darmstädter Passion * Master of the Darup Altarpiece *

Master of Delft The Master of Delft ( fl –1520) was a Dutch painter of the final period of Early Netherlandish painting, whose name is unknown. He may have been born around 1470. The notname was first used in 1913 by Max Jakob Friedländer, in describing the ...

* Masters of Dirc van Delf * Master of the Death of the Virgin (engraver) *

Master of the Death of the Virgin (painter) Joos van Cleve (; also Joos van der Beke; c. 1485–1490 – 1540/1541) was a leading painter active in Antwerp from his arrival there around 1511 until his death in 1540 or 1541. Within Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painting, he combines the tr ...

Master of the Drapery Studies The Master of the Drapery Studies (), also known as Master of the Coburg Roundels () is the notname given to the "very productive" and "multifaceted" late 15th-century author of some 30 surviving paintings and over 150 surviving drawings. Indee ...

(also known as Master of the Coburg Roundels)

E

* Master of the Egmont Albums *

Elmelunde Master The Elmelunde Master, Danish ''Elmelundemesteren'', is the designation given to the nameless 16th-century artist who painted the frescos in the churches of Elmelunde Church, Elmelunde, Fanefjord Church, Fanefjord and Keldby Church, Keldby on the ...

Master of the Embroidered Foliage The Master of the Embroidered Foliage (active – ) is the Notname for an Early Netherlandish painter or a group of painters who worked out of Bruges and Brussels. In 1926 the German art historian Max Jakob Friedländer attributed a group ...

* Master E. S. * Expressionist Master of Santa Chiara

F

* Master of the Female Half-Lengths * Master of the Franciscan Crucifixions (13th century) *

Master of Frankfurt The Master of Frankfurt (c. 1460–c. 1533) was a Flemish Renaissance painter active in Antwerp between about 1480 and 1520.Stephen H. Goddard, "Master of Frankfurt," '' Grove Art Online'', Oxford University Press ccessed 9 April 2008/ref>Kate ...

* Master of the Fresco of the Twelve Moons, north Italy, painter of a secular fresco of the late 14th century (1391–1407) at Trente, in a room of the ''Tower of Eagles'' of the Castello del Buonconsiglio. * Master of the Friedberg Altarpiece * Master of the Fröndenberger Altarpiece * Master of the Furies

G

* Master of the Gardens of Love * Master of the Gardner Annunciation * Master of the Gerona Martyrology * Master of the Golden Altar * Master of the Graudenz Altarpiece * Master of the Greenville Tondo * Master of the Grigg Crucifixion *

Master of the Gubbio Cross The Master of the Gubbio Cross was the name given to an Umbrian painter active between about 1285 and about 1320. He appears to have been familiar with the artists working at the Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi, and some of his work bears a ...

H

* Master of the Hallein Altar *

Master of Heiligenkreuz The Master of Heiligenkreuz was an Austrian painter active at the beginning of the 15th century; a tentative lifespan of 1395 to 1430 has been put forth but this appears highly conjectural. His name is taken from a diptych that once belonged to t ...

* Master of the Heisterbach Altarpiece * Master of the High Altar of Szmrecsány * Master of Hohenfurth, an alternate name for the Master of Vyšší Brod * Master of the Housebook

I

* Master I. A. M. of Zwolle *

Illustratore The Illustratore was an Italian illuminator active between 1330 and 1347.Master of the Imhoff Altar The Master of the Imhoff Altar (''fl''. c. 1410–1420) was a German painter. His name comes from an altarpiece, dating to between 1418 and 1422, commissioned by Konrad Imhoff for the Lorenzkirche in Nuremberg. Only the central panel, depicti ...

* Isaac Master * Master of the Iserlohn Altarpiece

J

Master of James IV of Scotland __NOTOC__ The Master of James IV of Scotland (''fl.'' ca. 1485 – ca. 1526) was a Flemish manuscript illuminator and painter most likely based in Ghent, or perhaps Bruges. Circumstantial evidence, including several larger panel paintings, i ...

* Master of Jannecke Bollengier * Master of Jánosrét

K

* Kirchdorf Master *

Master of the Karlsruhe Passion The Master of the Karlsruhe Passion is the notname of a German painter of the late Gothic period active in the Upper Rhine. Very influential on other painters in the region, he may be identified with the Strasbourg painter Hans Hirtz. He is nam ...

* Master of the Khanenko Adoration

L

Master of the Legend of the Magdalen The Master of the Legend of the Magdalen (sometimes called the Master of the Magdalen Legend) was an Early Netherlandish painter active from circa 1483 to 1527. He has not been identified. His Notname (name of convenience) was coined by the art h ...

Master of the (Bruges) legend of St. Ursula The Master of the Legend of St. Ursula (1436–1505) was a Flanders, Flemish painter active in the fifteenth century. His Notname, name is derived from a polyptych depicting scenes from the life of Saint Ursula painted for the convent of the B ...

, Flemish, 15th century *

Master of the Legend of Saint Lucy Master of the Legend of Saint Lucy (floruit, fl. 1480–1510) was an Notname, unidentified Early Netherlandish painting, Early Netherlandish painter from Bruges. His name comes from an altarpiece in the church of James, son of Alphaeus, Saint Jam ...

* Master of the Legend of the Holy Mother * Master of the Libro di casa * Master of the Lippborg Passion *

Master of the Litoměřice Altarpiece The Master of the Litoměřice Altarpiece was a Bohemian painter active from the end of the 15th century to the beginning of the 16th. Active in the International Gothic style, he was one of the first practitioners of Renaissance art north of th ...

* Master of the Llangattock Epiphany * Master of the Llangattock Hours *

Master of the Lübeck Bible Master, master's or masters may refer to: Ranks or titles In education: *Master (college), head of a college *Master's degree, a postgraduate or sometimes undergraduate degree in the specified discipline *Schoolmaster or master, presiding office ...

* Master of the Ludlow Annunciation

M

* Master of the Malchin Altar * Master of Magione * Master of the Marble Madonnas *

Master of Meßkirch The Master of Meßkirch (; ) was an anonymous German Renaissance painter. Biography The so-called Master of Meßkirch is named after the eleven altarpieces (one main altarpiece and ten auxiliary ones) he painted for the St. Martin church in Me ...

* Master of the Mesi * Master of the Mornauer Portrait

N

* Master of the Louvre Nativity, probably Fra Diamante (according to

) * Naumburg Master, mid-13th-century sculptor * Master of Nördlingen *

Northern Master The Northern Master was an anonymous artist in the late 13th century who worked in the Upper Church of the Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi. Although his precise origin is unknown, he is thought to be of French, German, or English origin. He ...

O

* Master of the Osservanza, Sienna school, 15th century * Oltremontano Master * Master of the Ortenberg Altarpiece * Master of Otto van Moerdrecht (active –30); Netherlandish illuminator * Master of Ozieri

P

* Master of the Pähl Altarpiece * Master of the Pallant Altarpiece * Master of Panzano *

Master of the Parement The Master of the Parement of Narbonne, often referred to more briefly as the Master of the Parement or Parement Master is the name given to an artist of uncertain identity who flourished in France in the late 14th century and early 15th century. ...

* Master of the Perkins Saint Paul * Master of the Playing Cards * Master of the Poldi-Pezzoli Diptychon *

Master of the Prayer Books of around 1500 The Master of the Prayer Books of around 1500 was a Flemish painter of illuminated manuscripts and miniatures active in Bruges from about 1485 until around 1520. His name is derived from a collection of devotional manuscripts from the same arti ...

* Master of the Predella *

Master of the Nicolas Puchner Altarpiece Master, master's or masters may refer to: Ranks or titles In education: *Master (college), head of a college *Master's degree, a postgraduate or sometimes undergraduate degree in the specified discipline *Schoolmaster or master, presiding office ...

R

* Master of the Rajhrad Altarpiece * Master of the Re Alberto Altarpiece * Master of the Rebel Angels, ''Maestro degli Angeli Ribelli'' of Siena; two paintings are in the

musée du Louvre The Louvre ( ), or the Louvre Museum ( ), is a national art museum in Paris, France, and one of the most famous museums in the world. It is located on the Rive Droite, Right Bank of the Seine in the city's 1st arrondissement of Paris, 1st arron ...

* Master of the Regular Canons' Altarpiece * Master of the

Rohan Hours The Grandes Heures de Rohan (French: ''The Grand Hours of Rohan''; Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MS. Latin 9471; commonly known as The Rohan Hours) is an illuminated manuscript book of hours, painted by the anonymous artist known as the Rohan M ...

S

* Master of the Saint Augustine Altarpiece *

Master of the Saint Bartholomew Altarpiece The Master of the Saint Bartholomew Altarpiece (sometimes called the Master of the Saint Bartholomew Altar) was an Early Netherlandish painter active in Germany, mostly Cologne, between 1475/1480 and 1510. Despite his anonymity, he is one of the mo ...

* Master of Saint Cecilia *

Master of Saint Francis The Master of Saint Francis (in Italian ''Maestro di S. Francesco'') was an anonymous Italian painter, perhaps of Pisan origin though probably trained in Umbria, working between 1250–1280. His work embodies an important aspect of the Italo-Byz ...

Master of Saint Giles The Master of Saint Giles () was a Franco-Flemish painter active, probably in Paris, about 1500, working in a delicate Late Gothic manner, with rendering of textures and light and faithful depictions of actual interiors that show his affinities ...

* Master of Saint Veronica,

Cologne Cologne ( ; ; ) is the largest city of the States of Germany, German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the List of cities in Germany by population, fourth-most populous city of Germany with nearly 1.1 million inhabitants in the city pr ...

, active to 1420 *

Master of Salzburg Master, master's or masters may refer to: Ranks or titles In education: *Master (college), head of a college *Master's degree, a postgraduate or sometimes undergraduate degree in the specified discipline *Schoolmaster or master, presiding office ...

* Master of the Saint Lambrecht Votive Altarpiece * Master of the San Bartolomeo Altarpiece *

Master of the San Giorgio Altarpiece Master, master's or masters may refer to: Ranks or titles In education: *Master (college), head of a college *Master's degree, a postgraduate or sometimes undergraduate degree in the specified discipline *Schoolmaster or master, presiding office ...

* Master of San Martino alla Palma * Master of San Severino * Master of the Santa Barbara Altarpiece * Master of Schloss Lichtenstein * Master of the Schotten Altarpiece *

Master of the Schöppingen Altarpiece The Master of the Schöppingen Altarpiece was a German artist active in the area around Münster between 1445 and 1470. It appears likely that he studied in the Netherlands, and was influenced by the work of Robert Campin and Rogier van der Wey ...

Master of Signa The Master of Signa refers to an anonymous 15th-century Italian painter active in the area of Signa, region of Tuscany, Italy. References External links Signa Signa () is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Floren ...

* Master of the St. Louis Madonna * Master of the Staufen Altarpiece * Master of the Stauffenberg Altarpiece * Master of the Sterbini Diptych

T

* Master of the Tavole Barberini * Master of the Tennenbach Altar * Master of the Terni Dormition *

Master of the Třeboň Altarpiece __NOTOC__ The Master of the Třeboň Altarpiece () was a Bohemian painter active in Prague around 1380–1390. His name is derived from the Třeboň Altarpiece from the church of Saint Eligius at the Augustinian convent of Třeboň (known in Ger ...

* Master of Trognano * Master of the Tucher Altarpiece

U

Union Master The Union Master (), also Master of Undløse (), is the name given to an anonymous artist active in the first half of the 15th century in Denmark and possibly Sweden, which were both part of the Kalmar Union, hence the name. It has been suggested ...

Upper Rhenish Master The denomination Upper Rhenish Master refers to an artist active ca. 1410–20 possibly in Strasbourg. The most famous painting of the artist is '' Paradiesgärtlein'' (''Little Garden of Paradise''), a mixed-technique painting on oakwood, 26.3 x ...

(also known as ''Master of the Frankfurt

Paradiesgärtlein The ''Paradiesgärtlein'' (''Garden of Paradise'') is a panel painting created around 1410 by an unknown painter referred to as Upper Rhenish Master. It belongs to the ''Mary in the rose bower'' type. The ''Paradiesgärtlein'' is one of the earli ...

'')

V

* Master of the Vienna Adoration * Master of the Vienna ''Chroniques d'Angleterre'' * Master of Vignola *

Master of the Virgo inter Virgines The Master of the Virgo inter Virgines was an Early Netherlandish painter and designer of woodcuts active around Delft between 1483 and 1498. He is named for ''The Virgin and Child with Four Holy Virgins'', an altarpiece of the ''Virgin with Sain ...

Master of Vyšší Brod The Master of Vyšší Brod (also known as the Master of Hohenfurth, from the German name for the town of Vyšší Brod) was an anonymous Bohemian painter active around 1350. It seems likely that he was from Prague originally; an altarpiece for ...

W

* Master W. B. *

Master W with the Key Master W with the Key also known as Master WA and Master of the Housemark (active c. 1465–1490) was an anonymous Netherlandish Engraving, engraver, who is thought to have been a goldsmith in Bruges. The name given to him refers to his monogram, ...

* Master of the Washington Coronation * Master of Wavrin * Master of the Weibermacht

Z

* Master of Zweder van Culemborg

Artists whose names have since been established

In recent years the names of a variety of artists who were formerly listed as "anonymous" have become known; accordingly scholarly writings and museum labels have been changed to reflect their new identities. Much the most famous of these is the Master of Flémalle (c 1378–1445), painter of the

comté de Hainaut The County of Hainaut ( ; ; ; ), sometimes spelled Hainault, was a territorial lordship within the medieval Holy Roman Empire that straddled the present-day border of Belgium and France. Its most important towns included Mons (), now in Belgium, ...

, who was established as

Robert Campin Robert Campin (Valenciennes (France) c. 1375 - Tournai (Belgium) 26 April 1444) now usually identified with the Master of Flémalle (earlier the Master of the Merode Triptych, before the discovery of three other similar panels), was a master pai ...

. Other examples include: *

Jehan Bellegambe Jehan Bellegambe or Jean Bellegambe (sometimes Belgamb or Belganb) (c. 1470c. June 1535/March 1536) was a French-speaking Flemish painter of religious paintings, triptychs and polyptychs, the most important of which are now held at Douai, Arras, ...

, sometimes called the "master of colours". * Master of 1419 – recognised as

Battista di Biagio Sanguigni Battista di Biagio Sanguigni, formerly known as the Master of 1419 (active 1393–1451) was an Italian painter from the region around Florence in the first half of the 15th century. His work The painter's work bears a good deal of resemblanc ...

, having painted and dated in 1419 the central panel for a triptych executed for Santa Maria a Latera, broken up and dispersed * Master of the Chiostro degli Aranci – recognised as being

Giovanni Consalvo Giovanni may refer to: * Giovanni (name), an Italian male given name and surname * Giovanni (meteorology), a Web interface for users to analyze NASA's gridded data * ''Don Giovanni'', a 1787 opera by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, based on the legend of ...

, fresco painter at the monastery at

Badia Fiorentina The Badìa Fiorentina is an abbey and church now home to the Monastic Communities of Jerusalem situated on the Via del Proconsolo in the centre of Florence, Italy. Dante supposedly grew up across the street in what is now called the , rebuilt in ...

Barthélemy d'Eyck Barthélemy d'Eyck, van Eyck or d' Eyck ( 1420 – after 1470), was an Early Netherlandish artist who worked in France and probably in Duchy of Burgundy, Burgundy as a painter and manuscript illuminator. He was active between about 1440 to about ...

is the generally accepted as the painter known as the Master of the Aix Annunciation for paintings, and the Master of René of Anjou for illuminated manuscripts; he is also thought by many to be the Master of the Shadows * The Dombild Master, as

Stefan Lochner Stefan Lochner (the ''Dombild Master'' or ''Master Stefan''; c. 1410 – late 1451) was a German painter working in the late International Gothic period. His paintings combine that era's tendency toward long flowing lines and brilliant colours ...

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Daniel Arasse Daniel Dominique Arasse (5 November 1944 in Algiers – 14 December 2003 in Paris) was a French art historian who specialised in the Renaissance and Italian art. He was the son of art critic, Henriette Arasse. His publication, ''Le Détail, Pou ...

in the introduction to his ''Le Sujet dans le tableau''. Champs Flammarion (1997) (2006) {{DEFAULTSORT:Anonymous Masters * History of art