Monastyryska ( ; ; ) is a small

city A city is a human settlement of a substantial size. The term "city" has different meanings around the world and in some places the settlement can be very small. Even where the term is limited to larger settlements, there is no universally agree ...

Chortkiv Raion Chortkiv Raion () is a raion in Ternopil Oblast in western Ukraine. Its capital (political), administrative center is the city of Chortkiv. It has a population of History In the Second Polish Republic, the area belonged to the County of Kopczync ...

Ternopil Oblast Ternopil Oblast (), also referred to as Ternopilshchyna () or Ternopillia (), is an Oblasts of Ukraine, oblast (province) of Ukraine. Its Capital (political), administrative center is Ternopil, through which flows the Seret (river), Seret, a tribu ...

Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...

. In 2001, the population was 6,344. The town is situated on the river

Koropets Koropets (; ) is a Populated places in Ukraine#Rural settlements, rural settlement in Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, western Ukraine. Koropets was first founded in 1421, and it acquired the status of an urban-type settlement in 1984. Koropets ho ...

, from

Buchach Buchach (, ; ; or ; ; ; ) is a List of cities in Ukraine, city located on the Strypa River (a tributary of the Dniester) in Chortkiv Raion of Ternopil Oblast (Oblast, province) of Western Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Buchach urban h ...

, south-east from

Lviv Lviv ( or ; ; ; see #Names and symbols, below for other names) is the largest city in western Ukraine, as well as the List of cities in Ukraine, fifth-largest city in Ukraine, with a population of It serves as the administrative centre of ...

, on the road between

Ternopil Ternopil, known until 1944 mostly as Tarnopol, is a city in western Ukraine, located on the banks of the Seret River. Ternopil is one of the major cities of Western Ukraine and the historical regions of Galicia and Podolia. The populatio ...

Berezhany Berezhany ( ; ; ; , ''Bzhezhani''/''Bzhizhani'') is a small List of cities in Ukraine, city in Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast, western Ukraine. It lies about from the administrative center of the oblast, Ternopil. Berezhany hosts the administr ...

and

Ivano-Frankivsk Ivano-Frankivsk (, ), formerly Stanyslaviv, Stanislav and Stanisławów, is a city in western Ukraine. It serves as the administrative centre of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast as well as Ivano-Frankivsk Raion within the oblast. Ivano-Frankivsk also host ...

. The river

forms a wide lake. Monasteryska borders Hryhoriv and Bertnyky on the east, Ozekhiv on the south, Vycholky and Stara Huta on the west,

Nova Huta Nowa Huta (, literally "The New Ironworks") is the easternmost Districts of Kraków, district of Kraków, Poland. With more than 200,000 inhabitants, it is one of the most populous areas of the city. Until 1990, the neighbouring districts were c ...

, Shveykiv and Kovalivka on the north. It hosts the administration of

Monastyryska urban hromada Monastyryska urban territorial hromada () is a hromada in Ukraine, in Chortkiv Raion of Ternopil Oblast Ternopil Oblast (), also referred to as Ternopilshchyna () or Ternopillia (), is an Oblasts of Ukraine, oblast (province) of Ukraine. Its Ca ...

, one of the

hromada In Ukraine, a hromada () is the main type of municipality and the third level Administrative divisions of Ukraine, local self-government in Ukraine. The current hromadas were established by the Cabinet of ministers of Ukraine, Government of Uk ...

s of Ukraine. Population: Its older name was Monastyryshche (Монастирище), which gave rise to the Yiddish name Monastrishtsh. Prior to the war in 1939, the town had 1741 Roman Catholics (

Poles Pole or poles may refer to: People *Poles (people), another term for Polish people, from the country of Poland * Pole (surname), including a list of people with the name * Pole (musician) (Stefan Betke, born 1967), German electronic music artist ...

), 408 Greek-Catholics (

Ukrainians Ukrainians (, ) are an East Slavs, East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine. Their native tongue is Ukrainian language, Ukrainian, and the majority adhere to Eastern Orthodox Church, Eastern Orthodoxy, forming the List of contemporary eth ...

), and 1,310 Jews. The local Roman Catholic church has existed since 1702.

History

The first written mentions appear in documents from 1433 and 1437, referencing it as the property of the knight Sigismund. From 1454 to 1465, Monastyryska was owned by Teodorik Buchatsky-Yazlovetsky, later by Mykhailo "Muzhyla" Buchatsky, and from 1468, it was possessed by Jan of Yazlovets. By 1478, Jan of Porokhova had ownership. In 1454, it is noted as a town with Magdeburg rights and a castle. For most of its history, the city belonged to the

Kingdom of Poland The Kingdom of Poland (; Latin: ''Regnum Poloniae'') was a monarchy in Central Europe during the Middle Ages, medieval period from 1025 until 1385. Background The West Slavs, West Slavic tribe of Polans (western), Polans who lived in what i ...

. From the mid-14th century to 1772 (see

Partitions of Poland The Partitions of Poland were three partition (politics), partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that took place between 1772 and 1795, toward the end of the 18th century. They ended the existence of the state, resulting in the eli ...

), it was part of

Ruthenian Voivodeship The Ruthenian Voivodeship (; ; ) was a voivodeship of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland from 1434 until the First Partition of Poland in 1772, with its center in the city of Lwów (lat. Leopolis) (modern day Lviv). Together with a number of ot ...

. Monastyryska received a town charter in 1454, and in February 1653, a battle between Polish and Cossack troops took place here, during the

Khmelnytsky Uprising The Khmelnytsky Uprising, also known as the Cossack–Polish War, Khmelnytsky insurrection, or the National Liberation War, was a Cossack uprisings, Cossack rebellion that took place between 1648 and 1657 in the eastern territories of the Poli ...

. The Polish army under

Stefan Czarniecki Stefan Czarniecki (Polish: of the Łodzia coat of arms, 1599 – 16 February 1665) was a Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Polish szlachta, nobleman, general and military commander. In his career, he rose from a petty nobleman to a magnate hol ...

failed to capture the town, defended by

Ivan Bohun Ivan Bohun () (died 1664) was a Zaporozhian Cossack colonel. A close associate and friend of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, he opposed both the pacts with the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (Treaty of Hadiach of 1658) and with the Tsardom of Russia (Pere ...

. After the partitions of Poland, Monastyryska was annexed by the

Habsburg Empire The Habsburg monarchy, also known as Habsburg Empire, or Habsburg Realm (), was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities (composite monarchy) that were ruled by the House of Habsburg. From the 18th century it is ...

. It remained in the province of Galicia until November 1918. In the

Second Polish Republic The Second Polish Republic, at the time officially known as the Republic of Poland, was a country in Central and Eastern Europe that existed between 7 October 1918 and 6 October 1939. The state was established in the final stage of World War I ...

, it was part of

County,

Tarnopol Voivodeship Tarnopol Voivodeship (; ) was an administrative region of Second Polish Republic, interwar Poland (1918–1939), created on 23 December 1920, with an area of 16,500 km2 and provincial capital in Tarnopol (now ''Ternopil'', Ukraine). The Voi ...

. Following the

Soviet Invasion of Poland The Soviet invasion of Poland was a military conflict by the Soviet Union without a formal declaration of war. On 17 September 1939, the Soviet Union invaded Second Polish Republic, Poland from the east, 16 days after Nazi Germany invaded Polan ...

(September 17, 1939), the town was annexed by the

Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

. Many

Lemkos Lemkos (; ; ; ) are an ethnic group inhabiting the Lemko Region (; ) of Carpathian Rus', an ethnographic region in the Carpathian Mountains and foothills spanning Ukraine, Slovakia, and Poland. Lemkos are often considered to be a sub-group of ...

families came to Monastyryska after

Operation Vistula Operation Vistula (; ) was the codename for the 1947 forced resettlement of close to 150,000 Ukrainians in Poland, Ukrainians (including Rusyns, Boykos, and Lemkos) from the southeastern provinces of People's Republic of Poland, postwar Poland to ...

. Since 1991, it has belonged to independent Ukraine. Until 18 July 2020, Monastyryska was the administrative center of

Monastyryska Raion Monastyryska Raion () was a raion (district) in Ternopil Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center was the city of Monastyryska. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020, as part of an administrative reform in Ukraine, which reduced th ...

. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast to three. The area of Monastyryska Raion was merged into Chortkiv Raion.

Roman Catholic cemetery

Monastyryska has one of the largest Roman Catholic cemeteries in the region of

Podole Podole may refer to: *Podolia Podolia or Podillia is a historic region in Eastern Europe located in the west-central and southwestern parts of Ukraine and northeastern Moldova (i.e. northern Transnistria). Podolia is bordered by the Dniester Rive ...

, with more than 2,000 stone tombs. The cemetery has the burial chapel of the

Potocki family The House of Potocki (; plural: Potoccy, male: Potocki, feminine: Potocka) was a prominent szlachta, Polish noble family in the Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569), Kingdom of Poland and magnates of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Po ...

as well as a military chapel, where veterans of the

January Uprising The January Uprising was an insurrection principally in Russia's Kingdom of Poland that was aimed at putting an end to Russian occupation of part of Poland and regaining independence. It began on 22 January 1863 and continued until the last i ...

and soldiers of the

World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

Polish Legions rest.

Gallery

File:Церква Воздвиження Чесного Хреста в Монастириськах.JPG, Exaltation of the Holy Cross Church File:Монастириська тютюнова фабрика.jpg, Former tobacco factory File:Могила священиків в Монастириськах.jpg, Grave of Ukrainian priests File:Школа в Монастырисках Июнь 2017 г..jpg, Primary school in June 2017

Notable people

* Norbert Rybak – Ukrainian public figure, * Zenon Bazyli Buczkowski – Polish microbiologist and medicine professor, *

Malka Lee Malka Lee (Yiddish: מלכה לי) (July 4, 1904 – March 22, 1976) was an American poet and author. She is the author of ''Durkh Kindershe Oygn'' (''Through the Eyes of Childhood''), published in 1955 and dedicated to her family, who were k ...

– Yiddish writer, * Stanisław Rossowski – Polish journalist, writer, and poet, * Horacy Safrin – Polish satirist, translator of Jewish literature, * Alfred Suchecki – Polish criminologist, pioneer of cheiloscopy (the study of lip prints), * Gabriel Turowski – Polish physician, immunologist, and microbiologist, *

Carolyne zu Sayn-Wittgenstein Princess Carolyne zu Sayn-Wittgenstein (née Iwanowska, ; 8 February 18199 March 1887) was a Polish noblewoman who is best known for her 40-year relationship with musician Franz Liszt. She was also an amateur journalist and essayist. It is conj ...

– Polish noblewoman, journalist, and essayist who is best known for her 40-year relationship with a musician

Franz Liszt Franz Liszt (22 October 1811 – 31 July 1886) was a Hungarian composer, virtuoso pianist, conductor and teacher of the Romantic music, Romantic period. With a diverse List of compositions by Franz Liszt, body of work spanning more than six ...

* Mieczysław Zygmunt Wiśniewski – Polish soccer goalkeeper of Cracovia Krakow and Wisla Krakow, participant in the 1924 Olympic Games, * Jan Zaleski – Polish philologist, historian of language and

numismatist A numismatist is a specialist, researcher, and/or well-informed collector of numismatics, numismatics/coins ("of coins"; from Late Latin , genitive of ). Numismatists can include collectors, specialist dealers, and scholar-researchers who use coi ...

* Olena Kysilevska, Ukrainian activist, journalist, and writer * for centuries, the town was one of seats of the

, to which it belonged until 1844. Among famous members of the family from Monastyryska is

Józef Makary Potocki Józef Makary Potocki (died 1829) was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic). Józef was owner of Monastyryska estates. He became starost of Halych and Czorsztyn. Knight of the Order of the White Eagle (Poland), Order of the White Eagle, awarded on May ...

, Count Antoni Potocki.

References

External links

Monastyryska in Towns & Cities
{{coord, 49, 05, 20, N, 25, 10, 10, E, region:UA_type:city(6277)_source:ruwiki, display=title Monastyryska urban hromada Cities in Ternopil Oblast Cities of district significance in Ukraine Holocaust locations in Ukraine