Leonard Raven-Hill (10 March 1867 – 31 March 1942) was an English artist, illustrator and cartoonist.

Life

He was born in

Bath Bath may refer to: * Bathing, immersion in a fluid ** Bathtub, a large open container for water, in which a person may wash their body ** Public bathing, a public place where people bathe * Thermae, ancient Roman public bathing facilities Plac ...

and educated at

Bristol Grammar School Bristol Grammar School (BGS) is a 4–18 Mixed-sex education, mixed, Private schools in the United Kingdom, private day school in Bristol, England. It was founded in 1532 by Royal Charter for the teaching of 'good manners and literature', endowe ...

and the Devon county school. He studied art at the Lambeth School of Art and then in

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...

under MM. Bougereau and

Aimé Morot Aimé Nicolas Morot (16 June 1850 – 12 August 1913) was a French academic painter and sculptor. Biography Aimé Nicolas Morot, son of François-Aimé Morot and Catherine-Elisabeth Mansuy, was born in Rue d'Amerval 4 in Nancy on 16 June 1850, ...

. He began to exhibit at the

Salon Salon may refer to: Common meanings * Beauty salon A beauty salon or beauty parlor is an establishment that provides Cosmetics, cosmetic treatments for people. Other variations of this type of business include hair salons, spas, day spas, ...

in 1887 but moved back to London when he was appointed as the art editor of ''Pick-Me-Up''. He also continued to work as a painter and exhibited at the

Royal Academy The Royal Academy of Arts (RA) is an art institution based in Burlington House in Piccadilly London, England. Founded in 1768, it has a unique position as an independent, privately funded institution led by eminent artists and architects. Its ...

in 1889. In 1893 he founded, with Arnold Golsworthy, the humorous and artistic monthly ''The Butterfly'' (1893–94, revived in 1899–1900) but began his most prominent association with a publication when his drawings appeared in '' Punch'' in December 1895. By 1901 he had joined the staff of ''Punch'' as the junior political cartoonist under

Bernard Partridge Sir John Bernard Partridge (11 October 1861– 9 August 1945) was an English illustrator. Born in London, he was the son of Professor Richard Partridge, F.R.S., president of the Royal College of Surgeons, and nephew of John Partridge, portra ...

. Unlike most of the cartoonists at ''Punch'', he was fairly sympathetic to liberal causes such as

women's suffrage Women's suffrage is the women's rights, right of women to Suffrage, vote in elections. Several instances occurred in recent centuries where women were selectively given, then stripped of, the right to vote. In Sweden, conditional women's suffra ...

Old Age Pensions Act 1908 The Old Age Pensions Act 1908 (8 Edw. 7. c. 40) is an Act of Parliament (UK), act of Parliament of the United Kingdom, Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, passed in 1908. The act is one of the foundations of modern soci ...

and

National Insurance Act 1911 The National Insurance Act 1911 (1 & 2 Geo. 5. c. 55) created National Insurance, originally a system of health insurance for industrial workers in Great Britain based on contributions from employers, the government, and the workers themselves. ...

. He contributed to many other illustrated magazines including ''

The Daily Graphic ''The Daily Graphic: An Illustrated Evening Newspaper'' was the first American newspaper with daily illustrations. It was founded in New York City in 1873 by Canadian engravers George-Édouard Desbarats and William Leggo, and began publicati ...

'', ''

Daily Chronicle The ''Daily Chronicle'' was a left-wing British newspaper that was published from 1872 to 1930 when it merged with the '' Daily News'' to become the '' News Chronicle''. Foundation The ''Daily Chronicle'' was developed by Edward Lloyd out of a ...

'', ''

The Strand Magazine ''The Strand Magazine'' was a monthly British magazine founded by George Newnes, composed of short fiction and general interest articles. It was published in the United Kingdom from January 1891 to March 1950, running to 711 issues, though the ...

'', ''

The Sketch ''The Sketch'' was a British illustrated weekly journal. It ran for 2,989 issues between 1 February 1893 and 17 June 1959. It was published by the Illustrated London News, Illustrated London News Company and was primarily a society magazine wit ...

'', ''

Pall Mall Gazette ''The Pall Mall Gazette'' was an evening newspaper founded in London on 7 February 1865 by George Murray Smith; its first editor was Frederick Greenwood. In 1921, '' The Globe'' merged into ''The Pall Mall Gazette'', which itself was absorbed i ...

'' and ''

Windsor Magazine ''The Windsor Magazine'' was a monthly illustrated publication produced by Ward Lock & Co from January 1895 to September 1939 (537 issues). The title page described it as "An Illustrated Monthly for Men and Women". It was bound as six-monthly ...

''. He also illustrated a number of books including * ''East London'' by Sir Walter Besant (1901) * ''Cornish Saints and Sinners'' by J. H. Harris * ''

Three Men on the Bummel ''Three Men on the Bummel'' (also known as ''Three Men on Wheels'') is a humorous novel by Jerome K. Jerome. It was published in 1900, eleven years after his most famous work, ''Three Men in a Boat''. The sequel brings back the three companio ...

'' by

Jerome K. Jerome Jerome Klapka Jerome (2 May 1859 – 14 June 1927) was an English writer and humorist, best known for the comic travelogue ''Three Men in a Boat'' (1889). Other works include the essay collections '' Idle Thoughts of an Idle Fellow'' (1886) an ...

* '' Stalky and Co'' by

Rudyard Kipling Joseph Rudyard Kipling ( ; 30 December 1865 – 18 January 1936)''The Times'', (London) 18 January 1936, p. 12. was an English journalist, novelist, poet, and short-story writer. He was born in British Raj, British India, which inspired much ...

* ''

Kipps ''Kipps: The Story of a Simple Soul'' is a novel by H. G. Wells, first published in 1905. It was reportedly Wells's own favourite among his works, and it has been adapted for stage, cinema and television productions, including the musical '' ...

'' by

H. G. Wells Herbert George Wells (21 September 1866 – 13 August 1946) was an English writer, prolific in many genres. He wrote more than fifty novels and dozens of short stories. His non-fiction output included works of social commentary, politics, hist ...

Raven-Hill published the impressions of his visit to

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

on the occasion of the tour of the Prince and Princess of Wales as ''An Indian Sketch-Book'' (1903) and his other published sketch-books include ''Our Battalion'' (1902) and ''The Promenaders'' (1894). He was married twice, to Annie Rogers and

Marion Jean Lyon Marion Jean Lyon in the Advertisers Weekly in 1924 Marion Jean Lyon (married name Raven-Hill; 15 January 1885 – 20 February 1940) was a British advertising executive, particularly known for her long association with the magazine '' Punch'' (1910 ...

; both predeceased him. His first marriage resulted in four children, two daughters and two sons. In his later years his eyesight began to fail and Raven-Hill died on 31 March 1942 at

Ryde Ryde is an English seaside town and civil parish on the north-east coast of the Isle of Wight. The built-up area had a population of 24,096 according to the 2021 Census. Its growth as a seaside resort came after the villages of Upper Ryde and ...

on the

Isle of Wight The Isle of Wight (Help:IPA/English, /waɪt/ Help:Pronunciation respelling key, ''WYTE'') is an island off the south coast of England which, together with its surrounding uninhabited islets and Skerry, skerries, is also a ceremonial county. T ...

, and was buried with his first wife at the churchyard attached to St Helen's Church. His obituary in the ''

New York Times ''The New York Times'' (''NYT'') is an American daily newspaper based in New York City. ''The New York Times'' covers domestic, national, and international news, and publishes opinion pieces, investigative reports, and reviews. As one of ...

'' describes him as the "last great Victorian artist", and states he was known for "his sense of character and humor and sound draftsmanship".Raven-Hill, 75, Drew for ''Punch'' 40 Years. ''

'', p. 21 (1 April 1942)

Gallery

File:Balkan troubles1.jpg, A '' Punch'' cartoon of October 2, 1912 depicting Britain, France,

German Empire The German Empire (),; ; World Book, Inc. ''The World Book dictionary, Volume 1''. World Book, Inc., 2003. p. 572. States that Deutsches Reich translates as "German Realm" and was a former official name of Germany. also referred to as Imperia ...

Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary, also referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Dual Monarchy or the Habsburg Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe#Before World War I, Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. A military ...

, and

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl ...

sitting on a lid on top of a pot marked "Balkan Troubles", satirizing the situation in the Balkans leading up to the

First Balkan War The First Balkan War lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and involved actions of the Balkan League (the Kingdoms of Kingdom of Bulgaria, Bulgaria, Kingdom of Serbia, Serbia, Kingdom of Greece, Greece and Kingdom of Montenegro, Montenegro) agai ...

File:The Gap in the Bridge.png, The Gap in the Bridge: Cartoon about the absence of the USA from the

League of Nations The League of Nations (LN or LoN; , SdN) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. It was founded on 10 January 1920 by the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), Paris Peace ...

, depicted as the missing keystone of the arch. The cigar also symbolizes America (

Uncle Sam Uncle Sam (with the same initials as ''United States'') is a common national personification of the United States, depicting the federal government of the United States, federal government or the country as a whole. Since the early 19th centu ...

) enjoying its wealth

Notes

References

External links

* *
Biography for: Leonard Raven-Hill
at www.whistler.arts.gla.ac.uk
NPG 3046; Self Portrait of Leonard Raven-Hill
at www.npg.org.uk *Illustrations from ''Punch'' in the image databas
HeidICON
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Raven-Hill, Leonard 1867 births 1942 deaths 19th-century English painters 20th-century English painters Artists from Bath, Somerset British editorial cartoonists Alumni of the City and Guilds of London Art School English male painters People educated at Bristol Grammar School Punch (magazine) cartoonists 20th-century English male artists 19th-century English male artists