Events
Pre-1600
*
1411
Year 1411 (Roman numerals, MCDXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–December
* February 1 – The Peace of Thorn (1411), First Peace of Thorn is si ...
– King
Charles VI granted a monopoly for the ripening of
Roquefort cheese
Roquefort is a sheep milk cheese from Southern France, and is one of the world's best known blue cheeses. Though similar cheeses are produced elsewhere, European Union law, EU law dictates that only those cheeses aged in the natural Combalou cav ...
to the people of
Roquefort-sur-Soulzon
Roquefort-sur-Soulzon (; oc, Ròcafòrt, ) is a commune in the Aveyron department, in the region of Occitania, southern France.
Roquefort is located on the Causse du Larzac and is famous for its ewe derived products including milk, wool and ...
as they had been doing for centuries.
*
1561
Year 1561 ( MDLXI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–June
* January 31 – The Edict of Orleans suspends the persecution of the Huguenots in ...
– The
steeple of
St Paul's, the medieval cathedral of
London
London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a majo ...
, is destroyed in a fire caused by lightning and is never rebuilt.
1601–1900
*
1615
Events
January–June
* January 1 – The New Netherland Company is granted a three-year monopoly in North American trade, between the 40th and 45th parallels.
* February – Sir Thomas Roe sets out to become the first am ...
–
Siege of Osaka
The was a series of battles undertaken by the Japanese Tokugawa shogunate against the Toyotomi clan, and ending in that clan's destruction. Divided into two stages (winter campaign and summer campaign), and lasting from 1614 to 1615, the siege ...
: Forces under
Tokugawa Ieyasu
was the founder and first ''shōgun'' of the Tokugawa Shogunate of Japan, which ruled Japan from 1603 until the Meiji Restoration in 1868. He was one of the three "Great Unifiers" of Japan, along with his former lord Oda Nobunaga and fellow ...
take
Osaka Castle in Japan.
*
1745
Events
January–March
* January 7 – War of the Austrian Succession: The Austrian Army, under the command of Field Marshal Károly József Batthyány, makes a surprise attack at Amberg and the winter quarters of the Bavaria ...
–
Battle of Hohenfriedberg
The Battle of Hohenfriedberg or Hohenfriedeberg, now Dobromierz, also known as the Battle of Striegau, now Strzegom, was one of Frederick the Great's most admired victories. Frederick's Prussian army decisively defeated an Austrian army unde ...
:
Frederick the Great's Prussia
Prussia, , Old Prussian: ''Prūsa'' or ''Prūsija'' was a German state on the southeast coast of the Baltic Sea. It formed the German Empire under Prussian rule when it united the German states in 1871. It was ''de facto'' dissolved by an em ...
n army decisively defeated an Austrian army under
Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine
Prince Charles Alexander Emanuel of Lorraine (french: Charles Alexandre Emanuel, Prince de Lorraine; german: Karl Alexander von Lothringen und Bar; 12 December 1712 in Lunéville – 4 July 1780 in Tervuren) was a Lorraine-born Austrian general a ...
during the
War of the Austrian Succession
The War of the Austrian Succession () was a European conflict that took place between 1740 and 1748. Fought primarily in Central Europe, the Austrian Netherlands, Italy, the Atlantic and Mediterranean, related conflicts included King George's W ...
.
*
1760
Events
January–March
* January 9 – Battle of Barari Ghat: Afghan forces defeat the Marathas.
* January 22 – Seven Years' War – Battle of Wandiwash, India: British general Sir Eyre Coote is victorious over the Fr ...
–
Great Upheaval
The Expulsion of the Acadians, also known as the Great Upheaval, the Great Expulsion, the Great Deportation, and the Deportation of the Acadians (french: Le Grand Dérangement or ), was the forced removal, by the British, of the Acadian peo ...
:
New England
New England is a region comprising six states in the Northeastern United States: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. It is bordered by the state of New York to the west and by the Canadian provinces ...
planters arrive to claim land in
Nova Scotia
Nova Scotia ( ; ; ) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada. It is one of the three Maritime provinces and one of the four Atlantic provinces. Nova Scotia is Latin for "New Scotland".
Most of the population are native Eng ...
, Canada, taken from the
Acadians
The Acadians (french: Acadiens , ) are an ethnic group descended from the French who settled in the New France colony of Acadia during the 17th and 18th centuries. Most Acadians live in the region of Acadia, as it is the region where the des ...
.
*
1783
Events
January–March
* January 20 – At Versailles, Great Britain signs preliminary peace treaties with the Kingdom of France and the Kingdom of Spain.
* January 23 – The Confederation Congress ratifies two October 8, ...
– The
Montgolfier brothers
The Montgolfier brothers – Joseph-Michel Montgolfier (; 26 August 1740 – 26 June 1810) and Jacques-Étienne Montgolfier (; 6 January 1745 – 2 August 1799) – were aviation pioneers, balloonists and paper manufacturers from the commune A ...
publicly demonstrate their ''montgolfière'' (
hot air balloon).
*
1784
Events
January–March
* January 6 – Treaty of Constantinople: The Ottoman Empire agrees to Russia's annexation of the Crimea.
* January 14 – The Congress of the United States ratifies the Treaty of Paris with Great Brit ...
–
Élisabeth Thible becomes the first woman to fly in an untethered hot air balloon. Her flight covers four kilometres in 45 minutes, and reached 1,500 metres altitude (estimated).
*
1792
Events
January–March
* January 9 – The Treaty of Jassy ends the Russian Empire's war with the Ottoman Empire over Crimea.
* February 18 – Thomas Holcroft produces the comedy '' The Road to Ruin'' in London.
* February ...
–
Captain
Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police department, election precinct, e ...
George Vancouver
Captain George Vancouver (22 June 1757 – 10 May 1798) was a British Royal Navy officer best known for his 1791–1795 expedition, which explored and charted North America's northwestern Pacific Coast regions, including the coasts of what a ...
claims
Puget Sound
Puget Sound ( ) is a sound of the Pacific Northwest, an inlet of the Pacific Ocean, and part of the Salish Sea. It is located along the northwestern coast of the U.S. state of Washington. It is a complex estuarine system of interconnected ma ...
for the
Kingdom of Great Britain
The Kingdom of Great Britain (officially Great Britain) was a Sovereign state, sovereign country in Western Europe from 1 May 1707 to the end of 31 December 1800. The state was created by the 1706 Treaty of Union and ratified by the Acts of ...
.
*
1802
Events
January–March
* January 5 – Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin, British ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, begins removal of the Elgin Marbles from the Parthenon in Athens, claiming they were at risk of destruction during the Ot ...
– King
Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia
Charles Emmanuel IV (Carlo Emanuele Ferdinando Maria; 24 May 1751 – 6 October 1819) was King of Sardinia from 1796 to 1802. He abdicated in favour of his brother Victor Emmanuel I.
Biography
Carlo Emanuele Ferdinando Maria di Savoia was b ...
abdicates his throne in favor of his brother,
Victor Emmanuel.
*
1812
Events
January–March
* January 1 – The ''Allgemeines bürgerliches Gesetzbuch'' (the Austrian civil code) enters into force in the Austrian Empire.
* January 19 – Peninsular War: The French-held fortress of Ciudad Rodrigo Siege of ...
– Following
Louisiana
Louisiana , group=pronunciation (French: ''La Louisiane'') is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It is the 20th-smallest by area and the 25th most populous of the 50 U.S. states. Louisiana is borde ...
's admittance as a
U.S. state, the
Louisiana Territory is renamed the
Missouri Territory.
*
1825
Events
January–March
* January 4 – King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies dies in Naples and is succeeded by his son, Francis.
* February 3 – Vendsyssel-Thy, once part of the Jutland peninsula forming westernmost Denmark, becomes a ...
–
General Lafayette
Marie-Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de La Fayette (6 September 1757 – 20 May 1834), known in the United States as Lafayette (, ), was a French aristocrat, freemason and military officer who fought in the American Revolutio ...
, a French officer in the
American Revolutionary War
The American Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, was a major war of the American Revolution. Widely considered as the war that secured the independence of t ...
, speaks at what would become
Lafayette Square, Buffalo, during
his visit to the United States.
*
1855
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Ottawa, Ontario, is incorporated as a city.
* January 5 – Ramón Castilla begins his third term as President of Peru.
* January 23
** The first bridge over the Mississippi River opens ...
– Major
Henry C. Wayne
Henry Constantine Wayne (September 18, 1815 – March 15, 1883) was a United States Army officer, and is known for his commanding the expedition to test the U.S. Camel Corps as part of Secretary of War Jefferson Davis's plan to use camels a ...
departs New York aboard the to procure
camel
A camel (from: la, camelus and grc-gre, κάμηλος (''kamēlos'') from Hebrew or Phoenician: גָמָל ''gāmāl''.) is an even-toed ungulate in the genus ''Camelus'' that bears distinctive fatty deposits known as "humps" on its back. C ...
s to establish the
U.S. Camel Corps.
*
1859
Events
January–March
* January 21 – José Mariano Salas (1797–1867) becomes Conservative interim President of Mexico.
* January 24 ( O. S.) – Wallachia and Moldavia are united under Alexandru Ioan Cuza (Romania since 1866, final u ...
–
Italian Independence wars: In the
Battle of Magenta
The Battle of Magenta was fought on 4 June 1859 during the Second Italian War of Independence, resulting in a French-Sardinian victory under Napoleon III against the Austrians under Marshal Ferencz Gyulai.
It took place near the town of Magenta ...
, the French army, under
Louis-Napoleon, defeat the Austrian army.
*
1862
Events
January–March
* January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria.
* January 6 – French intervention in Mexico: French, Spanish and British forces arrive in Veracruz, Mexico.
* January ...
–
American Civil War
The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by states th ...
:
Confederate
Confederacy or confederate may refer to:
States or communities
* Confederate state or confederation, a union of sovereign groups or communities
* Confederate States of America, a confederation of secessionist American states that existed between 1 ...
troops evacuate
Fort Pillow on the
Mississippi River
The Mississippi River is the second-longest river and chief river of the second-largest drainage system in North America, second only to the Hudson Bay drainage system. From its traditional source of Lake Itasca in northern Minnesota, it f ...
, leaving the way clear for
Union
Union commonly refers to:
* Trade union, an organization of workers
* Union (set theory), in mathematics, a fundamental operation on sets
Union may also refer to:
Arts and entertainment
Music
* Union (band), an American rock group
** ''Un ...
troops to take
Memphis, Tennessee
Memphis is a city in the U.S. state of Tennessee. It is the seat of Shelby County in the southwest part of the state; it is situated along the Mississippi River. With a population of 633,104 at the 2020 U.S. census, Memphis is the second-mos ...
.
*
1876
Events
January–March
* January 1
** The Reichsbank opens in Berlin.
** The Bass Brewery Red Triangle becomes the world's first registered trademark symbol.
* February 2 – The National League of Professional Base Ball Clubs i ...
– An
express train
An express train is a type of passenger train that makes a small number of stops between its origin and destination stations, usually major destinations, allowing faster service than Local train, local trains that stop at most or all of the s ...
called the ''
Transcontinental Express
As a publicity stunt, the express train called the ''Transcontinental Express'' arrived in San Francisco, California, via the First transcontinental railroad on 4 June 1876, only 83 hours and 39 minutes after having left New York City
...
'' arrives in
San Francisco
San Francisco (; Spanish language, Spanish for "Francis of Assisi, Saint Francis"), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Northern California. The city proper is the List of Ca ...
, via the
First transcontinental railroad
North America's first transcontinental railroad (known originally as the "Pacific Railroad" and later as the " Overland Route") was a continuous railroad line constructed between 1863 and 1869 that connected the existing eastern U.S. rail netwo ...
only 83 hours and 39 minutes after leaving New York City.
*
1878
Events January–March
* January 5 – Russo-Turkish War – Battle of Shipka Pass IV: Russian and Bulgarian forces defeat the Ottoman Empire.
* January 9 – Umberto I becomes King of Italy.
* January 17 – Battle o ...
–
Cyprus Convention: The
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
cedes
Cyprus
Cyprus ; tr, Kıbrıs (), officially the Republic of Cyprus,, , lit: Republic of Cyprus is an island country located south of the Anatolian Peninsula in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Its continental position is disputed; while it is geo ...
to the United Kingdom but retains nominal title.
*
1896
Events
January–March
* January 2 – The Jameson Raid comes to an end, as Jameson surrenders to the Boers.
* January 4 – Utah is admitted as the 45th U.S. state.
* January 5 – An Austrian newspaper reports that Wil ...
–
Henry Ford
Henry Ford (July 30, 1863 – April 7, 1947) was an American industrialist, business magnate, founder of the Ford Motor Company, and chief developer of the assembly line technique of mass production. By creating the first automobile that mi ...
completes the
Ford Quadricycle
The Ford Quadricycle was the first vehicle developed by Henry Ford. Ford's first car was a simple frame with a gas-powered engine and four bicycle wheels mounted on it.
The earliest cars were hand built, one by one, and very expensive. The pecu ...
, his first gasoline-powered automobile, and gives it a successful test run.
1901–present
*
1912
Events January
* January 1 – The Republic of China (1912–49), Republic of China is established.
* January 5 – The Prague Conference (6th All-Russian Conference of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party) opens.
* January 6 ...
–
becomes the first state of the United States to set a
minimum wage
A minimum wage is the lowest remuneration that employers can legally pay their employees—the price floor below which employees may not sell their labor. Most countries had introduced minimum wage legislation by the end of the 20th century. Bec ...
.
*
1913
Events January
* January 5 – First Balkan War: Battle of Lemnos (1913), Battle of Lemnos – Greek admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis forces the Turkish fleet to retreat to its base within the Dardanelles, from which it will not ven ...
–
Emily Davison, a
suffragist, runs out in front of King
George V
George V (George Frederick Ernest Albert; 3 June 1865 – 20 January 1936) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 until Death and state funeral of George V, his death in 1936.
Born duri ...
's horse at
The Derby. She is trampled, never regains consciousness, and dies four days later.
*
1916
Events
Below, the events of the First World War have the "WWI" prefix.
January
* January 1 – The British Royal Army Medical Corps carries out the first successful blood transfusion, using blood that had been stored and cooled.
* ...
–
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...
:
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...
opens the
Brusilov Offensive with an
artillery
Artillery is a class of heavy military ranged weapons that launch munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry firearms. Early artillery development focused on the ability to breach defensive walls and fortifications during siege ...
barrage of
Austro-Hungarian
Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire,, the Dual Monarchy, or Austria, was a constitutional monarchy and great power in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. It was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of ...
lines in
Galicia.
*
1917
Events
Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix.
January
* January 9 – WWI – Battle of Rafa: The last substantial Ottoman Army garrison on the Sinai Peninsula is captured by the Egyptian Expeditionary Force's ...
– The first
Pulitzer Prize
The Pulitzer Prize () is an award for achievements in newspaper, magazine, online journalism, literature, and musical composition within the United States. It was established in 1917 by provisions in the will of Joseph Pulitzer, who had made h ...
s are awarded:
Laura E. Richards
Laura Elizabeth Howe Richards (February 27, 1850 – January 14, 1943) was an American writer. She wrote more than 90 books including biographies, poetry, and several for children. One well-known children's poem is her literary nonsense verse " E ...
,
Maude H. Elliott, and Florence Hall receive the first Pulitzer for biography (for ''
Julia Ward Howe'').
Jean Jules Jusserand receives the first Pulitzer for history for his work ''
With Americans of Past and Present Days''.
Herbert B. Swope receives the first Pulitzer for
journalism
Journalism is the production and distribution of reports on the interaction of events, facts, ideas, and people that are the "news of the day" and that informs society to at least some degree. The word, a noun, applies to the occupation (profes ...
for his work for the ''
New York World
The ''New York World'' was a newspaper published in New York City from 1860 until 1931. The paper played a major role in the history of American newspapers. It was a leading national voice of the Democratic Party. From 1883 to 1911 under publi ...
''.
*
1919
Events
January
* January 1
** The Czechoslovak Legions occupy much of the self-proclaimed "free city" of Pressburg (now Bratislava), enforcing its incorporation into the new republic of Czechoslovakia.
** HMY ''Iolaire'' sinks off the c ...
–
Women's rights
Women's rights are the rights and entitlements claimed for women and girls worldwide. They formed the basis for the women's rights movement in the 19th century and the feminist movements during the 20th and 21st centuries. In some countries, ...
: The
U.S. Congress approves the
19th Amendment to the United States Constitution
19 (nineteen) is the natural number following 18 and preceding 20. It is a prime number.
Mathematics
19 is the eighth prime number, and forms a sexy prime with 13, a twin prime with 17, and a cousin prime with 23. It is the third full re ...
, which guarantees
suffrage to women, and sends it to the
U.S. states for ratification.
*
1920
Events January
* January 1
** Polish–Soviet War in 1920: The Russian Red Army increases its troops along the Polish border from 4 divisions to 20.
** Kauniainen, completely surrounded by the city of Espoo, secedes from Espoo as its own ma ...
–
Hungary
Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia a ...
loses 71% of its territory and 63% of its population when the
Treaty of Trianon
The Treaty of Trianon (french: Traité de Trianon, hu, Trianoni békeszerződés, it, Trattato del Trianon) was prepared at the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), Paris Peace Conference and was signed in the Grand Trianon château in ...
is signed in Paris.
*
1928
Events January
* January – British bacteriologist Frederick Griffith reports the results of Griffith's experiment, indirectly proving the existence of DNA.
* January 1 – Eastern Bloc emigration and defection: Boris Bazhanov, J ...
– The
President of the Republic of China
The president of the Republic of China, now often referred to as the president of Taiwan, is the head of state of the Republic of China (ROC), as well as the commander-in-chief of the Republic of China Armed Forces. The position once had aut ...
,
Zhang Zuolin, is assassinated by Japanese agents.
*
1932
Events January
* January 4 – The British authorities in India arrest and intern Mahatma Gandhi and Vallabhbhai Patel.
* January 9 – Sakuradamon Incident (1932), Sakuradamon Incident: Korean nationalist Lee Bong-chang fails in his effort ...
–
Marmaduke Grove
Marmaduke Grove Vallejo (; July 6, 1878 – May 15, 1954), his name erroneously spelled Marmaduque Grobeh, was a Chilean Air Force officer, political figure and member of the Government Junta of the Socialist Republic of Chile in 1932.
Early lif ...
and other Chilean military officers lead a
coup d'état
A coup d'état (; French for 'stroke of state'), also known as a coup or overthrow, is a seizure and removal of a government and its powers. Typically, it is an illegal seizure of power by a political faction, politician, cult, rebel group, m ...
establishing the short-lived
Socialist Republic of Chile.
*
1939
This year also marks the start of the Second World War, the largest and deadliest conflict in human history.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1
** Third Reich
*** Jews are forbidden to ...
–
The Holocaust
The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe; a ...
: The , a ship carrying 963
German Jewish refugees, is denied permission to land in
Florida
Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and to ...
, in the United States, after already being turned away from
Cuba
Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...
. Forced to return to Europe, more than 200 of its passengers later die in
Nazi
Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in ...
concentration camps.
*
1940
A calendar from 1940 according to the Gregorian calendar, factoring in the dates of Easter and related holidays, cannot be used again until the year 5280.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
*January ...
–
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
: The
Dunkirk evacuation
The Dunkirk evacuation, codenamed Operation Dynamo and also known as the Miracle of Dunkirk, or just Dunkirk, was the evacuation of more than 338,000 Allied soldiers during the Second World War from the beaches and harbour of Dunkirk, in the ...
ends: the
British Armed Forces
The British Armed Forces, also known as His Majesty's Armed Forces, are the military forces responsible for the defence of the United Kingdom, its Overseas Territories and the Crown Dependencies. They also promote the UK's wider interests, s ...
completes evacuation of 338,000 troops from
Dunkirk
Dunkirk (french: Dunkerque ; vls, label=French Flemish, Duunkerke; nl, Duinkerke(n) ; , ;) is a commune in the department of Nord in northern France.[Winston Churchill
Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British statesman, soldier, and writer who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom twice, from 1940 to 1945 Winston Churchill in the Second World War, dur ...]
delivers, only to the
House of Commons, his famous "
We shall fight on the beaches
"We shall fight on the beaches" is a common title given to a speech delivered by the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom on 4 June 1940. This was the second of three major sp ...
" speech.
*
1942
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1 – WWII: The Declaration by United Nations is signed by China, the United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union, and 22 other nations, in wh ...
– World War II: The
Battle of Midway
The Battle of Midway was a major naval battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II that took place on 4–7 June 1942, six months after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor and one month after the Battle of the Coral Sea. The U.S. Navy under Adm ...
begins. The Japanese
Admiral
Admiral is one of the highest ranks in some navies. In the Commonwealth nations and the United States, a "full" admiral is equivalent to a "full" general in the army or the air force, and is above vice admiral and below admiral of the fleet, ...
Chūichi Nagumo orders a strike on
Midway Island
Midway Atoll (colloquial: Midway Islands; haw, Kauihelani, translation=the backbone of heaven; haw, Pihemanu, translation=the loud din of birds, label=none) is a atoll in the North Pacific Ocean. Midway Atoll is an insular area of the Unit ...
by much of the
Imperial Japanese Navy
The Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN; Kyūjitai: Shinjitai: ' 'Navy of the Greater Japanese Empire', or ''Nippon Kaigun'', 'Japanese Navy') was the navy of the Empire of Japan from 1868 to 1945, when it was dissolved following Japan's surrender ...
.
* 1942 – World War II:
Gustaf Mannerheim, the Commander-in-Chief of the
Finnish Army, is granted the title of
Marshal of Finland
In Finnish Defence Forces Field Marshal ( fi, sotamarsalkka, lit=War Marshal, sv, fältmarskalk) is officially not an active military rank but an honorary rank that can be bestowed upon 'especially distinguished generals'. So far the only hold ...
by the government on his 75th birthday. On the same day,
Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Nazi Germany, Germany from 1933 until Death of Adolf Hitler, his death in 1945. Adolf Hitler's rise to power, He rose to power as the le ...
arrives in Finland
for a surprise visit to meet Mannerheim.
*
1943
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured.
* January 4 – ...
– A
military coup in
Argentina
Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...
ousts
Ramón Castillo
Ramón Antonio Castillo Barrionuevo (November 20, 1873 – October 12, 1944) was a conservative Argentine politician who served as President of Argentina from June 27, 1942 to June 4, 1943. He was a leading figure in the period known as t ...
.
*
1944
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 2 – WWII:
** Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in Nor ...
– World War II: A hunter-killer group of the
United States Navy
The United States Navy (USN) is the maritime service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. It is the largest and most powerful navy in the world, with the estimated tonnage ...
captures the German
Kriegsmarine
The (, ) was the navy of Germany from 1935 to 1945. It superseded the Imperial German Navy of the German Empire (1871–1918) and the inter-war (1919–1935) of the Weimar Republic. The was one of three official branches, along with the a ...
submarine
''U-505'': The first time a U.S. Navy vessel had captured an enemy vessel at sea since the 19th century.
* 1944 – World War II: The
United States Fifth Army captures Rome, although much of the
German Fourteenth Army is able to withdraw to the north.
*
1961
Events January
* January 3
** United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower announces that the United States has severed diplomatic and consular relations with Cuba ( Cuba–United States relations are restored in 2015).
** Aero Flight 311 ...
–
Cold War
The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because the ...
: In the
Vienna summit
The Vienna summit was a summit meeting held on June 4, 1961, in Vienna, Austria, between President John F. Kennedy of the United States and First Secretary Nikita Khrushchev of the Soviet Union. The leaders of the two superpowers of the Cold W ...
, the
Soviet
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
premier Nikita Khrushchev sparks the Berlin Crisis of 1961, Berlin Crisis by threatening to sign a separate peace treaty with East Germany and ending American, British and French access to East Berlin.
*1967 – Seventy-two people are killed when a Canadair C-4 Argonaut Stockport air disaster, crashes at Stockport in England.
*1970 – Tonga gains independence from the British Empire.
*1975 – The Governor of California Jerry Brown signs the California Agricultural Labor Relations Act into law, the first law in the United States giving farmworkers collective bargaining rights.
*1977 – JVC introduces its VHS videotape at the Consumer Electronics Show in Chicago. It will eventually prevail against Sony's rival Betamax system in a Videotape format war, format war to become the predominant home video medium.
*1979 – Flight Lieutenant Jerry Rawlings takes power in Ghana after a 1979 Ghanaian coup d'état, military coup in which General Fred Akuffo is overthrown.
*1983 – Gordon Kahl, who killed two United States Marshals Service, US Marshals in Medina, North Dakota on February 13, is killed in a shootout in Smithville, Arkansas, along with a local sheriff, after a four-month manhunt.
*1986 – Jonathan Pollard pleads guilty to espionage for selling top secret United States military intelligence to Israel.
*1988 – Three cars on a train carrying hexogen to Kazakhstan Arzamas train disaster, explode in Arzamas, Gorky Oblast, Soviet Union, USSR, killing 91 and injuring about 1,500.
*1989 – In the 1989 Iranian Supreme Leader election, Ali Khamenei is elected as the new Supreme Leader of Iran after the Death and state funeral of Ruhollah Khomeini, death and funeral of Ruhollah Khomeini.
* 1989 – The 1989 Tiananmen Square protests, Tiananmen Square protests are People's Liberation Army at the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests, suppressed in Beijing by the People's Liberation Army, with between 241 and 10,000 dead (an unofficial estimate).
* 1989 – Solidarity (Polish trade union), Solidarity's victory in the 1989 Polish legislative election, the first election since the Communist Polish United Workers Party abandoned its monopoly of power. It sparks off the Revolutions of 1989 in Eastern Europe.
* 1989 – Ufa train disaster: A natural gas explosion near Ufa, Russia, kills 575 as two trains passing each other throw sparks near a leaky pipeline.
*1996 – The first flight of Ariane 5 explodes after roughly 37 seconds. It was a Cluster mission.
*1998 – Terry Nichols is sentenced to life in prison for his role in the Oklahoma City bombing.
*2005 – The Civic Forum of the Romanians of Covasna, Harghita and Mureș is founded.
*2010 – Falcon 9 Flight 1 is the maiden flight of the SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket, which launches from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 40.
Births
Pre-1600
*1394 – Philippa of England, Queen of Denmark, Norway and Sweden (d. 1430)
*1489 – Antoine, Duke of Lorraine (d. 1544)
*1563 – George Heriot, Scottish goldsmith (d. 1624)
1601–1900
*1604 – Claudia de' Medici, Italian daughter of Christina of Lorraine (d. 1648)
*1665 – Zacharie Robutel de La Noue, Canadian captain (d. 1733)
*1694 – François Quesnay, French economist and physician (d. 1774)
*1704 – Benjamin Huntsman, English inventor and businessman (d. 1776)
*1738 – George III of the United Kingdom (d. 1820)
*1744 – Patrick Ferguson, Scottish soldier, designed the Ferguson rifle (d. 1780)
*1754 – Miguel de Azcuénaga, Argentinian soldier (d. 1833)
* 1754 – Franz Xaver von Zach, Slovak astronomer and academic (d. 1832)
*1787 – Constant Prévost, French geologist and academic (d. 1856)
*1801 – James Pennethorne, English architect, designed Victoria Park, London, Victoria Park (d. 1871)
*1821 – Apollon Maykov, Russian poet and playwright (d. 1897)
*1829 – Jinmaku Kyūgorō, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 12th Makuuchi#Yokozuna, Yokozuna (d. 1903)
*1854 – Solko van den Bergh, Dutch target shooter (d. 1916)
*1860 – Alexis Lapointe, Canadian runner (d. 1924)
*1861 – William Propsting, Australian politician, 20th Premier of Tasmania (d. 1937)
*1866 – Miina Sillanpää, Finnish journalist and politician (d. 1952)
*1867 – Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim, Finnish general and politician, 6th President of Finland (d. 1951)
*1873 – Nictzin Dyalhis, American author (d.1942)
*1877 – Heinrich Otto Wieland, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1957)
*1879 – Mabel Lucie Attwell, English author and illustrator (d. 1964)
*1880 – Clara Blandick, American actress (d. 1962)
*1885 – Arturo Rawson, Argentinian general and politician, 26th President of Argentina (d. 1952)
*1889 – Beno Gutenberg, German-American seismologist (d. 1960)
1901–present
*1903 – Yevgeny Mravinsky, Russian conductor (d. 1988)
*1904 – Bhagat Puran Singh, Indian publisher, environmentalist, and philanthropist (d. 1992)
*1907 – Jacques Roumain, Haitian journalist and politician (d. 1944)
* 1907 – Rosalind Russell, American actress (d. 1976)
* 1907 – Patience Strong, English poet and journalist (d. 1990)
*1910 – Christopher Cockerell, English engineer, invented the hovercraft (d. 1999)
*
1912
Events January
* January 1 – The Republic of China (1912–49), Republic of China is established.
* January 5 – The Prague Conference (6th All-Russian Conference of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party) opens.
* January 6 ...
– Robert Jacobsen, Danish sculptor and painter (d. 1993)
*1915 – Walter Hadlee, New Zealand cricketer (d. 2006)
* 1915 – Modibo Keïta, Malian educator and politician, 1st President of Mali (d. 1977)
* 1915 – Nils Kihlberg, Swedish actor, singer, and director (d. 1965)
*
1916
Events
Below, the events of the First World War have the "WWI" prefix.
January
* January 1 – The British Royal Army Medical Corps carries out the first successful blood transfusion, using blood that had been stored and cooled.
* ...
– Robert F. Furchgott, American biochemist and pharmacologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2009)
* 1916 – Fernand Leduc, Canadian painter (d. 2014)
*
1917
Events
Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix.
January
* January 9 – WWI – Battle of Rafa: The last substantial Ottoman Army garrison on the Sinai Peninsula is captured by the Egyptian Expeditionary Force's ...
– Robert Merrill, American actor and singer (d. 2004)
*1921 – Milan Komar, Slovenian-Argentinian philosopher and academic (d. 2006)
* 1921 – Bobby Wanzer, American basketball player and coach (d. 2016)
*1923 – Elizabeth Jolley, English-Australian author and academic (d. 2007)
* 1923 – Mas Oyama, Masutatsu Ōyama, Japanese karateka (d. 1994)
*1924 – Tofilau Eti Alesana, Samoan politician, 5th Prime Minister of Samoa (d. 1999)
* 1924 – Dennis Weaver, American actor and director (d. 2006)
*1925 – Antonio Puchades, Spanish footballer (d. 2013)
*1926 – Robert Earl Hughes, American List of the heaviest people, who was the heaviest human being recorded in the history of the world during his lifetime (d. 1958)
* 1926 – Ain Kaalep, Estonian poet, playwright, and critic (d. 2020)
* 1926 – Judith Malina, German-American actress and director, co-founded The Living Theatre (d. 2015)
*1927 – Henning Carlsen, Danish director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2014)
* 1927 – Geoffrey Palmer (actor), Geoffrey Palmer, English actor (d. 2020)
*
1928
Events January
* January – British bacteriologist Frederick Griffith reports the results of Griffith's experiment, indirectly proving the existence of DNA.
* January 1 – Eastern Bloc emigration and defection: Boris Bazhanov, J ...
– Ruth Westheimer, German-American sex therapist, talk show host, professor, author, and Holocaust survivor
*1929 – Karolos Papoulias, Greek lawyer and politician, 5th President of Greece (d. 2021)
*1930 – George Chesworth, English air marshal and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Moray (d. 2017)
* 1930 – Morgana King, American singer and actress (d. 2018)
* 1930 – Viktor Tikhonov (ice hockey, born 1930), Viktor Tikhonov, Russian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2014)
*1931 – Gustav Nossal, Austrian-Australian biologist and academic
*
1932
Events January
* January 4 – The British authorities in India arrest and intern Mahatma Gandhi and Vallabhbhai Patel.
* January 9 – Sakuradamon Incident (1932), Sakuradamon Incident: Korean nationalist Lee Bong-chang fails in his effort ...
– John Drew Barrymore, American actor (d. 2004)
* 1932 – Oliver Nelson, American saxophonist and composer (d. 1975)
* 1932 – Maurice Shadbolt, New Zealand author and playwright (d. 2004)
*1934 – Monica Dacon, Vincentian educator and politician, 6th Governor-General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
* 1934 – Daphne Sheldrick, Kenyan-British conservationist and author (d. 2018)
*1935 – Colette Boky, Canadian soprano and actress
* 1935 – Berhanu Dinka, Ethiopian economist and diplomat (d. 2013)
*1936 – Vince Camuto, American fashion designer and businessman, co-founded Nine West (d. 2015)
* 1936 – Bruce Dern, American actor
*1937 – Freddy Fender, American singer and guitarist (d. 2006)
* 1937 – Mortimer Zuckerman, Canadian-American businessman and publisher, founded Boston Properties
*1938 – John Harvard (politician), John Harvard, Canadian journalist and politician, 23rd Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba (d. 2016)
* 1938 – Art Mahaffey, American baseball player
*
1939
This year also marks the start of the Second World War, the largest and deadliest conflict in human history.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1
** Third Reich
*** Jews are forbidden to ...
– Jeremy Browne, 11th Marquess of Sligo, Anglo-Irish peer (d. 2014)
* 1939 – Denis de Belleval, Canadian civil servant and politician
* 1939 – Henri Pachard, American director and producer (d. 2008)
* 1939 – George Reid (Scottish politician), George Reid, Scottish journalist and politician, 2nd Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament
*
1940
A calendar from 1940 according to the Gregorian calendar, factoring in the dates of Easter and related holidays, cannot be used again until the year 5280.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
*January ...
– Ludwig Schwarz, Slovak-Austrian bishop
*1941 – Kenneth G. Ross, Australian playwright and screenwriter
*
1942
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1 – WWII: The Declaration by United Nations is signed by China, the United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union, and 22 other nations, in wh ...
– Louis Reichardt, American mountaineer
* 1942 – Bill Rowe, Canadian lawyer and politician
*
1943
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured.
* January 4 – ...
– John Burgess (host), John Burgess, Australian radio and television host
* 1943 – Sandra Haynie, American golfer
* 1943 – Tom Jaine, English author
*
1944
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 2 – WWII:
** Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in Nor ...
– Roger Ball (musician), Roger Ball, Scottish saxophonist and songwriter
* 1944 – Michelle Phillips, American singer-songwriter and actress
*1945 – Anthony Braxton, American saxophonist, clarinet player, and composer
* 1945 – Daniel Topolski, English rower and coach (d. 2015)
* 1945 – Gordon Waller, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2009)
*1947 – Viktor Klima, Austrian businessman and politician, 25th Chancellor of Austria
*1948 – Bob Champion, English jockey
* 1948 – Sandra Post, Canadian golfer and sportscaster
* 1948 – Jürgen Sparwasser, German footballer and manager
*1949 – Gabriel Arcand, Canadian actor
* 1949 – Mark B. Cohen, American lawyer and politician
*1950 – Raymond Dumais, Canadian bishop (d. 2012)
*1951 – Leigh Kennedy, American author
* 1951 – Bronisław Malinowski (athlete), Bronisław Malinowski, Polish runner (d. 1981)
* 1951 – Melanie Phillips, English journalist and author
* 1951 – Wendy Pini, American author and illustrator
* 1951 – David Yip, English actor and playwright
*1952 – Bronisław Komorowski, Polish historian and politician, 5th President of Poland
* 1952 – Dambudzo Marechera, Zimbabwean author and poet (d. 1987)
*1953 – Linda Lingle, American journalist and politician, 6th Governor of Hawaii
* 1953 – Jimmy McCulloch, Scottish musician and songwriter (d. 1979)
* 1953 – Susumu Ojima, Japanese businessman, founded Huser
* 1953 – Paul Samson, English guitarist and producer (d. 2002)
*1954 – Raphael Ravenscroft, English saxophonist and composer (d. 2014)
* 1954 – Kazuhiro Yamaji, Japanese actor and voice actor
*1955 – Val McDermid, Scottish author
* 1955 – Mary Testa, American singer and actress
*1956 – Keith David, American actor
* 1956 – John Hockenberry, American journalist and author
* 1956 – Terry Kennedy (baseball), Terry Kennedy, American baseball player and manager
* 1956 – Joyce Sidman, American author and poet
*1957 – Neil McNab, Scottish footballer
*1959 – Juan Camacho (Bolivian athlete), Juan Camacho, Bolivian runner
* 1959 – Georgios Voulgarakis, Greek politician, 21st Minister for Culture (Greece), Greek Minister for Culture
* 1959 – Anil Ambani, Indian businessman and Chairman of Reliance Infrastructure
*1960 – Miloš Đelmaš, Serbian footballer and manager
* 1960 – Kristine Kathryn Rusch, American author
* 1960 – Paul Taylor (Winger), Paul Taylor, American guitarist and keyboard player
* 1960 – Bradley Walsh, English television presenter, comedian, singer and former footballer
*
1961
Events January
* January 3
** United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower announces that the United States has severed diplomatic and consular relations with Cuba ( Cuba–United States relations are restored in 2015).
** Aero Flight 311 ...
– El DeBarge, American singer-songwriter and producer
* 1961 – Ferenc Gyurcsány, Hungarian businessman and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Hungary
*1962 – Krzysztof Hołowczyc, Polish race car driver
* 1962 – Zenon Jaskuła, Polish cyclist
* 1962 – John P. Kee, American singer-songwriter and pastor
* 1962 – Junius Ho, Hong Kong solicitor and politician
*1963 – Sean Fitzpatrick, New Zealand rugby union player
* 1963 – Jim Lachey, American football player and sportscaster
* 1963 – Xavier McDaniel, American basketball player and coach
*1964 – Sean Pertwee, English actor
* 1964 – Kōji Yamamura, Japanese animator, producer, and screenwriter
*1965 – Mick Doohan, Australian motorcycle racer
* 1965 – Andrea Jaeger, American tennis player and preacher
*1966 – Cecilia Bartoli, Italian soprano and actress
*1966 – Svetlana Jitomirskaya, American mathematician
* 1966 – Vladimir Voevodsky, Russian mathematician and academic (d. 2017)
* 1966 – Bill Wiggin, English politician, Shadow Secretary of State for Wales
*1967 – Michael Greyeyes, Canadian actor, dancer, choreographer, director, and educator
* 1967 – Robert S. Kimbrough, American colonel and astronaut
*1968 – Roger Lim, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
* 1968 – Niurka Montalvo, Cuban-Spanish long jumper
* 1968 – Al B. Sure!, American R&B singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and producer
* 1968 – Scott Wolf, American actor
*1969 – Horatio Sanz, Chilean-American actor and comedian
*1970 – Deborah Compagnoni, Italian skier
* 1970 – Richie Hawtin, English-Canadian DJ and producer
* 1970 – Dave Pybus, English bass player and songwriter
* 1970 – Izabella Scorupco, Polish-Swedish actress and model
*1971 – Joseph Kabila, Congolese soldier and politician, President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
* 1971 – Mike Lee (U.S. politician), Mike Lee, American lawyer and politician
* 1971 – Shoji Meguro, Japanese director and composer
* 1971 – Noah Wyle, American actor and producer
*1972 – Derian Hatcher, American ice hockey defenseman
* 1972 – Rob Huebel, American comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter
*1973 – Mikey Whipwreck, American wrestler and trainer
*1974 – Jacob Sahaya Kumar Aruni, Indian chef (d. 2012)
* 1974 – Darin Erstad, American baseball player and coach
* 1974 – Andrew Gwynne, English lawyer and politician
* 1974 – Janette Husárová, Slovak tennis player
* 1974 – Buddy Wakefield, American poet and author
*1975 – Russell Brand, English comedian and actor
* 1975 – Henry Burris, American football player
* 1975 – Angelina Jolie, American actress, filmmaker, humanitarian, and activist
* 1975 – Dinanath Ramnarine, Trinidadian cricketer
*1976 – Kasey Chambers, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1976 – Alexei Navalny, Russian lawyer and politician
* 1976 – Nenad Zimonjić, Serbian tennis player
*1977 – Dionisis Chiotis, Greek footballer
* 1977 – Alex Manninger, Austrian footballer
* 1977 – Roman Miroshnichenko, Ukrainian guitarist and composer
* 1977 – Roland G. Fryer Jr., American economist and professor
*1979 – Naohiro Takahara, Japanese footballer
* 1979 – Daniel Vickerman, South African-Australian rugby player (d. 2017)
*1980 – François Beauchemin, Canadian ice hockey player
*1981 – Jennifer Carroll (swimmer), Jennifer Carroll, Canadian swimmer
* 1981 – Giourkas Seitaridis, Greek footballer
* 1981 – Natalia Vodopyanova, Russian basketball player
*1982 – Abel Kirui, Kenyan runner
* 1982 – Ronnie Prude, American-Canadian football player
*1983 – Romaric (footballer), Romaric, Ivorian footballer
* 1983 – Emmanuel Eboué, Ivorian footballer
* 1983 – Olha Saladuha, Ukrainian triple jumper
*1984 – Enrico Rossi Chauvenet, Italian footballer
* 1984 – Rainie Yang, Taiwanese actress
* 1984 – Ian White (ice hockey), Ian White, Canadian ice hockey player
*1985 – Leon Botha, South African painter and DJ (d. 2011)
* 1985 – Anna-Lena Grönefeld, German tennis player
* 1985 – Evan Lysacek, American figure skater
* 1985 – Lukas Podolski, German footballer
* 1985 – Oddvar Reiakvam, Norwegian politician
*1988 – Matt Bartkowski, American ice hockey defenseman
* 1988 – Kimberley Busteed, Australian model
*1989 – Federico Erba, Italian footballer
* 1989 – Paweł Fajdek, Polish hammer thrower
*1990 – Evan Spiegel, American Internet entrepreneur
*1991 – Lorenzo Insigne, Italian footballer
* 1991 – Matt McIlwrick, New Zealand rugby league player
* 1991 – Ben Stokes, New Zealand-English cricketer
*1993 – Jonathan Huberdeau, Canadian ice hockey player
*1999 – Kim So-hyun, South Korean actress
* 1999 – Drew Pavlou, Australian activist
*2004 – Mackenzie Ziegler, American Child actor, child actress, dancer, and Recording Artist, recording artist
*2021 – Lilibet Mountbatten-Windsor, British royal
Deaths
Pre-1600
* 756 – Emperor Shōmu, Shōmu, Japanese emperor (b. 701)
* 863 – Charles (archbishop of Mainz), Charles, archbishop of Electorate of Mainz, Mainz
* 895 – Li Xi (Tang dynasty), Li Xi, Chancellor of the Tang dynasty, chancellor of the Tang dynasty, Tang Dynasty
* 946 – Guaimar II of Salerno, Guaimar II (Gybbosus), Lombard prince
* 956 – Muhammad III of Shirvan, Muslim ruler
*1039 – Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 990)
*1102 – Władysław I Herman, Polish nobleman (b. c. 1044)
*1134 – Magnus I of Sweden (b. 1106)
*1135 – Emperor Huizong of Song (b. 1082)
*1206 – Adela of Champagne (b. 1140)
*1246 – Isabella of Angoulême (b. 1188)
*1257 – Przemysł I of Greater Poland (b. 1221)
*1394 – Mary de Bohun, wife of Henry IV of England (b.c. 1368)
*1453 – Andronikos Palaiologos Kantakouzenos, Byzantine commander
*1463 – Flavio Biondo, Italian historian and author (b. 1392)
*1472 – Nezahualcoyotl (tlatoani), Nezahualcoyotl, Aztec poet (b. 1402)
*1585 – Muretus, French philosopher and author (b. 1526)
1601–1900
*1608 – Francis Caracciolo, Italian Catholic priest (b. 1563)
*1622 – Péter Révay, Hungarian soldier and historian (b. 1568)
*1647 – Canonicus, Grand Chief Sachem of the Narragansett (b. 1565)
*1663 – William Juxon, English archbishop and academic (b. 1582)
*1798 – Giacomo Casanova, Italian adventurer and author (b. 1725)
*1801 – Frederick Muhlenberg, American minister and politician, 1st Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (b. 1750)
*1809 – Nicolai Abildgaard, Danish neoclassical and history painter, sculptor and architect (b. 1743)
*1830 – Antonio José de Sucre, Venezuelan general and politician, 2nd President of Bolivia (b. 1795)
*1872 – Johan Rudolph Thorbecke, Dutch historian, jurist, and politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (b. 1798)
*1875 – Eduard Mörike, German pastor and poet (b. 1804)
*
1876
Events
January–March
* January 1
** The Reichsbank opens in Berlin.
** The Bass Brewery Red Triangle becomes the world's first registered trademark symbol.
* February 2 – The National League of Professional Base Ball Clubs i ...
– Abdülaziz of the Ottoman Empire, 32nd Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1830)
1901–present
*1922 – W. H. R. Rivers, English anthropologist, neurologist, ethnologist, and psychiatrist (b. 1864)
*1925 – Margaret Murray Washington, American Academic (b. 1865)
*1926 – Fred Spofforth, Australian-English cricketer and coach (b. 1853)
*
1928
Events January
* January – British bacteriologist Frederick Griffith reports the results of Griffith's experiment, indirectly proving the existence of DNA.
* January 1 – Eastern Bloc emigration and defection: Boris Bazhanov, J ...
–
Zhang Zuolin, Chinese warlord (b. 1873)
*1929 – Harry Frazee, American director, producer, and agent (b. 1881)
*1931 – Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca, Sharif and Emir of Mecca, King of the Hejaz (b. 1853–54)
*1933 – Ahmet Haşim, Turkish poet and author (b. 1884)
*1936 – Mathilde Verne, English pianist and educator (b. 1869)
*
1939
This year also marks the start of the Second World War, the largest and deadliest conflict in human history.
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1
** Third Reich
*** Jews are forbidden to ...
– Tommy Ladnier, American trumpet player (b. 1900)
*1941 – Wilhelm II, German Emperor (b. 1859)
*
1942
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1 – WWII: The Declaration by United Nations is signed by China, the United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union, and 22 other nations, in wh ...
– Reinhard Heydrich, German SS officer and politician (b. 1904)
*1951 – Serge Koussevitzky, Russian-American bassist, composer, and conductor (b. 1874)
*1956 – Katherine MacDonald, American actress and producer (b. 1881)
*1962 – Clem McCarthy, American sportscaster (b. 1882)
*1967 – Linda Eenpalu, Estonian lawyer and politician (b. 1890)
*1968 – Dorothy Gish, American actress (b. 1898)
*1970 – Sonny Tufts, American actor (b. 1911)
*1971 – György Lukács, Hungarian historian and philosopher (b. 1885)
*1973 – Maurice René Fréchet, French mathematician and academic (b. 1878)
* 1973 – Murry Wilson, American songwriter, producer, and manager (b. 1917)
*1981 – Leslie Averill, New Zealand doctor and soldier (b. 1897)
*1989 – Dik Browne, American cartoonist (b. 1917)
*1990 – Stiv Bators, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1949)
*1992 – Carl Stotz, American businessman, founded Little League Baseball (b. 1910)
*1993 – Bernard Evslin, American writer (b. 1922)
*1994 – Derek Leckenby, English musician (b. 1943)
*1997 – Ronnie Lane, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (b. 1946)
*1998 – Josephine Hutchinson, American actress (b. 1903)
*2002 – Fernando Belaúnde Terry, Peruvian architect and politician, 42nd President of Peru (b. 1912)
*2004 – Steve Lacy (saxophonist), Steve Lacy, American saxophonist and composer (b. 1934)
* 2004 – Nino Manfredi, Italian actor (b. 1921)
*2007 – Clete Boyer, American baseball player and manager (b. 1937)
* 2007 – Bill France Jr., American businessman (b. 1933)
* 2007 – Craig L. Thomas, American captain and politician (b. 1933)
*2010 – John Wooden, American basketball player and coach (b. 1910)
*2011 – Juan Francisco Luis, Virgin Islander sergeant and politician, 23rd Governor of the United States Virgin Islands (b. 1940)
* 2011 – Andreas P. Nielsen, Danish author and composer (b. 1953)
*2012 – Peter Beaven, New Zealand architect, designed the Lyttelton Road Tunnel Administration Building (b. 1925)
* 2012 – Pedro Borbón, Dominican-American baseball player (b. 1946)
* 2012 – Rodolfo Quezada Toruño, Guatemalan cardinal (b. 1932)
* 2012 – Herb Reed, American violinist (b. 1929)
*2013 – Walt Arfons, American race car driver (b. 1916)
* 2013 – Joey Covington, American drummer (b. 1945)
* 2013 – Hermann Gunnarsson, Icelandic footballer, handball player, and sportscaster (b. 1946)
* 2013 – Will Wynn (American football), Will Wynn, American football player (b. 1949)
*2014 – George Ho, American-Hong Kong businessman (b. 1919)
* 2014 – Nathan Shamuyarira, Zimbabwean journalist and politician, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Zimbabwe), Zimbabwean Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1928)
* 2014 – Sydney Templeman, Baron Templeman, English lawyer and judge (b. 1920)
* 2014 – Don Zimmer, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1931)
*2015 – Marguerite Patten, English economist and author (b. 1915)
* 2015 – Leonid Plyushch, Ukrainian mathematician and academic (b. 1938)
* 2015 – Jabe Thomas, American race car driver (b. 1930)
* 2015 – Anne Warburton, British academic and diplomat, List of Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Denmark, British Ambassador to Denmark (b. 1927)
*2016 – Carmen Pereira, Bissau-Guinean politician (b. 1937)
*2017 – Juan Goytisolo, Spanish essayist, poet and novelist (b. 1931)
*2021 – Clarence Williams III, American actor (b. 1939)
*2022 – George Lamming, Barbadian novelist (b. 1927)
Holidays and observances
*Christian feast day:
**Filippo Smaldone
**Francis Caracciolo
**Optatus
**Saint Petroc, Petroc of Cornwall
**Quirinus of Sescia
**Saturnina
**June 4 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
*Birthday of C. G. E. Mannerheim, Marshal of Finland and the Flag flying days in Finland, flag flying day of the Finnish Defence Forces (Finland)
*Emancipation Day#Tonga, Emancipation Day or Independence Day, commemorates the abolition of serfdom in Tonga by King George Tupou I, George Tupou in 1862, and the independence of Tonga from the British protectorate in 1970. (Tonga)
*International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression (International observance, International)
*National Unity Day (Hungary)
*Trianon Treaty Day (Romania)
*Memorials for the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, Tiananmen Square Protests of 1989 Memorial Day (International)
* Day of state symbols in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
References
External links
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*
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{{DEFAULTSORT:June 04
Days of the year
June