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Pre-1600

* 762
Baghdad Baghdad ( or ; , ) is the capital and List of largest cities of Iraq, largest city of Iraq, located along the Tigris in the central part of the country. With a population exceeding 7 million, it ranks among the List of largest cities in the A ...
is founded. * 1419First Defenestration of Prague: A crowd of radical Hussites kill seven members of the
Prague Prague ( ; ) is the capital and List of cities and towns in the Czech Republic, largest city of the Czech Republic and the historical capital of Bohemia. Prague, located on the Vltava River, has a population of about 1.4 million, while its P ...
city council. * 1502Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islands off the coast of
Honduras Honduras, officially the Republic of Honduras, is a country in Central America. It is bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Ocean at the Gulf of Fonseca, ...
during his fourth voyage.


1601–1900

* 1609Beaver Wars: At Ticonderoga (now Crown Point, New York),
Samuel de Champlain Samuel de Champlain (; 13 August 1574#Fichier]For a detailed analysis of his baptismal record, see #Ritch, RitchThe baptism act does not contain information about the age of Samuel, neither his birth date nor his place of birth. – 25 December ...
shoots and kills two Iroquois chiefs on behalf of his native allies. * 1619 – In
Jamestown, Virginia The Jamestown settlement in the Colony of Virginia was the first permanent British colonization of the Americas, English settlement in the Americas. It was located on the northeast bank of the James River, about southwest of present-day Willia ...
, the first Colonial European representative assembly in the Americas, the Virginia General Assembly, convenes for the first time. * 1627An earthquake kills about 5,000 people in Gargano,
Italy Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe, Western Europe. It consists of Italian Peninsula, a peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land b ...
. * 1635
Eighty Years' War The Eighty Years' War or Dutch Revolt (; 1566/1568–1648) was an armed conflict in the Habsburg Netherlands between disparate groups of rebels and the Spanish Empire, Spanish government. The Origins of the Eighty Years' War, causes of the w ...
: The Siege of Schenkenschans begins; Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, begins the recapture of the strategically important fortress from the Spanish Army. * 1645
English Civil War The English Civil War or Great Rebellion was a series of civil wars and political machinations between Cavaliers, Royalists and Roundhead, Parliamentarians in the Kingdom of England from 1642 to 1651. Part of the wider 1639 to 1653 Wars of th ...
: Scottish Covenanter forces under the Earl of Leven launch the Siege of Hereford, a remaining Royalist stronghold. * 1656 – The Battle of Warsaw ends with a Swedish- Brandenburger victory over a larger Polish-Lithuanian force. * 1676Nathaniel Bacon issues the "Declaration of the People of Virginia", beginning Bacon's Rebellion against the rule of Governor William Berkeley. * 1729 – Founding of
Baltimore, Maryland Baltimore is the List of municipalities in Maryland, most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland. With a population of 585,708 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census and estimated at 568,271 in 2024, it is the List of United States ...
. * 1733 – The first Masonic Grand Lodge in the future United States is constituted in
Massachusetts Massachusetts ( ; ), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Maine to its east, Connecticut and Rhode ...
. * 1756 – In
Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the Neva, River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland ...
, Bartolomeo Rastrelli presents the newly built Catherine Palace to Empress Elizabeth and her courtiers. * 1811 – Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, leader of the Mexican insurgency, is executed by the Spanish in Chihuahua City, Mexico. * 1859 – First ascent of Grand Combin, one of the highest summits in the
Alps The Alps () are some of the highest and most extensive mountain ranges in Europe, stretching approximately across eight Alpine countries (from west to east): Monaco, France, Switzerland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Germany, Austria and Slovenia. ...
. * 1863American Indian Wars: Representatives of the United States and tribal leaders including Chief Pocatello (of the Shoshone) sign the Treaty of Box Elder. * 1863Valuev Circular banned the publication of religious, educational and training books in Ukrainian in the
Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl ...
. * 1864
American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861May 26, 1865; also known by Names of the American Civil War, other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union (American Civil War), Union ("the North") and the Confederate States of A ...
: Battle of the Crater: Union forces attempt to break Confederate lines at Petersburg, Virginia by exploding a large bomb under their trenches. * 1865 – The
steamboat A steamboat is a boat that is marine propulsion, propelled primarily by marine steam engine, steam power, typically driving propellers or Paddle steamer, paddlewheels. The term ''steamboat'' is used to refer to small steam-powered vessels worki ...
'' Brother Jonathan'' sinks off the coast of Crescent City, California, killing 225 passengers, the deadliest shipwreck on the Pacific Coast of the U.S. at the time. * 1866 – Armed Confederate veterans in New Orleans riot against a meeting of Radical Republicans, killing 48 people and injuring another 100. * 1871 – The Staten Island Ferry ''Westfields boiler explodes, killing over 85 people.


1901–present

* 1912 – Japan's
Emperor Meiji , posthumously honored as , was the 122nd emperor of Japan according to the List of emperors of Japan, traditional order of succession, reigning from 1867 until his death in 1912. His reign is associated with the Meiji Restoration of 1868, which ...
dies and is succeeded by his son Yoshihito, who is now known as the Emperor Taishō. * 1916 – The Black Tom explosion in New York Harbor kills four and destroys some $20,000,000 worth of military goods. * 1930 – In
Montevideo Montevideo (, ; ) is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Uruguay, largest city of Uruguay. According to the 2023 census, the city proper has a population of 1,302,954 (about 37.2% of the country's total population) in an area of . M ...
,
Uruguay Uruguay, officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast, while bordering the Río de la Plata to the south and the A ...
wins the first FIFA World Cup by beating
Argentina Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...
. * 1932 – Premiere of
Walt Disney Walter Elias Disney ( ; December 5, 1901December 15, 1966) was an American animator, film producer, voice actor, and entrepreneur. A pioneer of the Golden age of American animation, American animation industry, he introduced several develop ...
's '' Flowers and Trees'', the first cartoon short to use Technicolor and the first Academy Award winning cartoon short. * 1945
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
: sinks the , killing 883 seamen. Most die during the following four days, until an aircraft notices the survivors. *
1956 Events January * January 1 – The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Anglo-Egyptian Condominium ends in Sudan after 57 years. * January 8 – Operation Auca: Five U.S. evangelical Christian Missionary, missionaries, Nate Saint, Roger Youderian, E ...
– A joint resolution of the U.S. Congress is signed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, authorizing ''
In God We Trust "In God We Trust" (also rendered as "In God we trust") is the United States national motto, official motto of the United States as well as the motto of the U.S. state of Florida, along with the nation of Nicaragua (Spanish language, Spanish: '' ...
'' as the U.S. national motto. * 1962 – The
Trans-Canada Highway The Trans-Canada Highway (Canadian French, French: ; abbreviated as the TCH or T-Can) is a transcontinental federal–provincial highway system that travels through all ten provinces of Canada, from the Pacific Ocean on the west coast to the A ...
, the then longest national highway in the world, is officially opened. *
1965 Events January–February * January 14 – The First Minister of Northern Ireland and the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years. * January 20 ** Lyndon B. Johnson is Second inauguration of Lynd ...
– U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Social Security Act of 1965 into law, establishing Medicare and Medicaid. * 1966
England England is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is located on the island of Great Britain, of which it covers about 62%, and List of islands of England, more than 100 smaller adjacent islands. It ...
defeats
West Germany West Germany was the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) from its formation on 23 May 1949 until German reunification, its reunification with East Germany on 3 October 1990. It is sometimes known as the Bonn Republi ...
to win the 1966 FIFA World Cup at Wembley Stadium after extra time. * 1969
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...
: US President
Richard Nixon Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 until Resignation of Richard Nixon, his resignation in 1974. A member of the Republican Party (United States), Republican ...
makes an unscheduled visit to South Vietnam and meets with President Nguyễn Văn Thiệu and U.S. military commanders. *
1971 * The year 1971 had three partial solar eclipses (Solar eclipse of February 25, 1971, February 25, Solar eclipse of July 22, 1971, July 22 and Solar eclipse of August 20, 1971, August 20) and two total lunar eclipses (February 1971 lunar eclip ...
Apollo program The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the United States human spaceflight program led by NASA, which Moon landing, landed the first humans on the Moon in 1969. Apollo followed Project Mercury that put the first Americans in sp ...
: On
Apollo 15 Apollo 15 (July 26August 7, 1971) was the ninth crewed mission in the Apollo program and the fourth Moon landing. It was the first List of Apollo missions#Alphabetical mission types, J mission, with a longer stay on the Moon and a greate ...
,
David Scott David Randolph Scott (born June 6, 1932) is an American retired test pilot and NASA astronaut who was the List of Apollo astronauts#People who have walked on the Moon, seventh person to walk on the Moon. Selected as part of the NASA Astronaut ...
and
James Irwin James Benson Irwin (March 17, 1930 – August 8, 1991) was an American astronaut, aeronautical engineer, test pilot, and a United States Air Force Aviator, pilot. He served as Lunar Module pilot for Apollo 15, the fourth human lunar landin ...
in the Apollo Lunar Module ''Falcon'' land on the
Moon The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It Orbit of the Moon, orbits around Earth at Lunar distance, an average distance of (; about 30 times Earth diameter, Earth's diameter). The Moon rotation, rotates, with a rotation period (lunar ...
with the first Lunar Rover. * 1971 – An
All Nippon Airways (ANA) is a Japanese airline headquartered in Minato, Tokyo. ANA operates services to both domestic and international destinations and is Japan's largest airline, ahead of its main rival flag carrier Japan Airlines. the airline has approximate ...
Boeing The Boeing Company, or simply Boeing (), is an American multinational corporation that designs, manufactures, and sells airplanes, rotorcraft, rockets, satellites, and missiles worldwide. The company also provides leasing and product support s ...
727 and a Japanese Air Force F-86 collide over
Morioka, Iwate is the capital Cities of Japan, city of Iwate Prefecture located in the Tōhoku region of northern Japan. On 1 August 2023, the city had an estimated population of 283,981 in 132,719 households, and a population density of . The total area of t ...
, Japan killing 162. * 1974Watergate scandal: U.S. President Richard Nixon releases subpoenaed White House recordings after being ordered to do so by the
Supreme Court of the United States The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all Federal tribunals in the United States, U.S. federal court cases, and over Stat ...
. * 1975Jimmy Hoffa disappears from the parking lot of the Machus Red Fox restaurant in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, a suburb of
Detroit Detroit ( , ) is the List of municipalities in Michigan, most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is situated on the bank of the Detroit River across from Windsor, Ontario. It had a population of 639,111 at the 2020 United State ...
, at about 2:30 p.m. He is never seen or heard from again. *
1978 Events January * January 1 – Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes off the coast of Bombay, killing 213. * January 5 – Bülent Ecevit, of Republican People's Party, CHP, forms the new government of Turkey (42nd ...
– The 730:
Okinawa Prefecture is the southernmost and westernmost prefecture of Japan. It consists of three main island groups—the Okinawa Islands, the Sakishima Islands, and the Daitō Islands—spread across a maritime zone approximately 1,000 kilometers east to west an ...
changes its traffic on the right-hand side of the road to the left-hand side. * 1980
Vanuatu Vanuatu ( or ; ), officially the Republic of Vanuatu (; ), is an island country in Melanesia located in the South Pacific Ocean. The archipelago, which is of volcanic origin, is east of northern Australia, northeast of New Caledonia, east o ...
gains independence. * 1980 – Israel's Knesset passes the Jerusalem Law. * 1981 – As many as 50,000 demonstrators, mostly women and children, took to the streets in
Łódź Łódź is a city in central Poland and a former industrial centre. It is the capital of Łódź Voivodeship, and is located south-west of Warsaw. Łódź has a population of 655,279, making it the country's List of cities and towns in Polan ...
to protest food ration shortages in Communist Poland. * 1990Ian Gow, Conservative Member of Parliament, is assassinated at his home by the IRA in a car bombing after he assured the group that the British government would never surrender to them. * 2003 – In Mexico, the last 'old style'
Volkswagen Beetle The Volkswagen Beetle, officially the Volkswagen Type 1, is a small family car produced by the German company Volkswagen from 1938 to 2003. One of the most iconic cars in automotive history, the Beetle is noted for its distinctive shape. Its pr ...
rolls off the assembly line. * 2003 – Three years after the death the last Pyrenean ibex, Celia, a clone of her is born only to subsequently die from lung defects. Within minutes, the Pyrenean ibex becomes the first and so-far only species to have ever gone de-extinct as well as go extinct twice. * 2006 – The world's longest running music show ''
Top of the Pops ''Top of the Pops'' (''TOTP'') is a British record chart television programme, made by the BBC and broadcast weekly between 1January 1964 and 30 July 2006. The programme was the world's longest-running weekly music show. For most of its histo ...
'' is broadcast for the last time on
BBC Two BBC Two is a British free-to-air Public service broadcasting in the United Kingdom, public broadcast television channel owned and operated by the BBC. It is the corporation's second flagship channel, and it covers a wide range of subject matte ...
. The show had aired for 42 years. * 2006 – An Israeli airstrike kills 28 Lebanese civilians, including 16 children. *
2011 The year marked the start of a Arab Spring, series of protests and revolutions throughout the Arab world advocating for democracy, reform, and economic recovery, later leading to the depositions of world leaders in Tunisia, Egypt, and Yemen ...
– Marriage of Queen Elizabeth II's eldest granddaughter Zara Phillips to former rugby union footballer Mike Tindall. * 2012 – A train fire kills 32 passengers and injures 27 on the Tamil Nadu Express in
Andhra Pradesh Andhra Pradesh (ISO 15919, ISO: , , AP) is a States and union territories of India, state on the East Coast of India, east coast of southern India. It is the List of states and union territories of India by area, seventh-largest state and th ...
, India. * 2012 – A power grid failure in
Delhi Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. Straddling the Yamuna river, but spread chiefly to the west, or beyond its Bank (geography ...
leaves more than 300 million people without power in northern India. *
2014 The year 2014 was marked by the surge of the Western African Ebola epidemic, West African Ebola epidemic, which began in 2013, becoming the List of Ebola outbreaks, most widespread outbreak of the Ebola, Ebola virus in human history, resul ...
– Twenty killed and 150 are trapped after a landslide in Maharashtra, India. * 2020 – NASA's Mars 2020 mission was launched on an Atlas V rocket from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. * 2024 – A series of landslides occurs in
Kerala Kerala ( , ) is a States and union territories of India, state on the Malabar Coast of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, following the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, by combining Malayalam-speaking regions of the erstwhile ...
, India, causing over 420 fatalities.


Births


Pre-1600

* 1470Hongzhi, emperor of the Ming dynasty (died 1505) * 1511
Giorgio Vasari Giorgio Vasari (30 July 1511 – 27 June 1574) was an Italian Renaissance painter, architect, art historian, and biographer who is best known for his work ''Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects'', considered the ideol ...
, Italian painter, historian, and architect (died 1574) * 1549Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (died 1609)


1601–1900

* 1641Regnier de Graaf, Dutch physician and anatomist (died 1673) * 1751Maria Anna Mozart, Austrian pianist (died 1829) * 1763Samuel Rogers, English poet and art collector (died 1855) *
1781 Events January–March * January – William Pitt the Younger, later Prime Minister of Great Britain, enters Parliament of Great Britain, Parliament, aged 21. * January 1 – Industrial Revolution: The Iron Bridge opens ...
Maria Aletta Hulshoff, Dutch feminist and pamphleteer (died 1846) * 1809Charles Chiniquy, Canadian-American priest and theologian (died 1899) *
1818 Events January–March * January 1 ** Battle of Koregaon: Troops of the British East India Company score a decisive victory over the Maratha Confederacy, Maratha Empire. ** English author Mary Shelley publishes the novel ''Frankenstein ...
Emily Brontë, English novelist and poet (died 1848) * 1818 – Jan Heemskerk, Dutch lawyer and politician, 16th and 19th Prime Minister of the Netherlands (died 1897) * 1825Chaim Aronson, Lithuanian engineer and author (died 1893) * 1832George Lemuel Woods, American lawyer, judge, and politician, 3rd Governor of Oregon (died 1890) * 1855Georg Wilhelm von Siemens, German-Swiss businessman (died 1919) * 1857Thorstein Veblen, American economist and sociologist (died 1929) * 1859Henry Simpson Lunn, English minister and humanitarian, founded Lunn Poly (died 1939) * 1862Nikolai Yudenich, Russian general (died 1933) * 1863Henry Ford, American engineer and businessman, founded the
Ford Motor Company Ford Motor Company (commonly known as Ford) is an American multinational corporation, multinational automobile manufacturer headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, United States. It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903. T ...
(died 1947) * 1872Princess Clémentine of Belgium (died 1955) * 1881Smedley Butler, American general,
Medal of Honor The Medal of Honor (MOH) is the United States Armed Forces' highest Awards and decorations of the United States Armed Forces, military decoration and is awarded to recognize American United States Army, soldiers, United States Navy, sailors, Un ...
recipient (died 1940) *
1890 Events January * January 1 – The Kingdom of Italy establishes Eritrea as its colony in the Horn of Africa. * January 2 – Alice Sanger becomes the first female staffer in the White House. * January 11 – 1890 British Ultimatum: The Uni ...
Casey Stengel Charles Dillon "Casey" Stengel (; July 30, 1890 – September 29, 1975) was an American Major League Baseball right fielder and Manager (baseball), manager, best known as the manager of the championship New York Yankees of the 1950s and later, t ...
, American baseball player and manager (died 1975) * 1898Henry Moore, English sculptor and illustrator (died 1986) * 1899Gerald Moore, English pianist (died 1987)


1901–present

* 1901Alfred Lépine, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (died 1955) * 1904Salvador Novo, Mexican poet and playwright (died 1974) * 1909C. Northcote Parkinson, English historian and author (died 1993) * 1910Edgar de Evia, Mexican-American photographer (died 2003) * 1913Lou Darvas, American soldier and cartoonist (died 1987) * 1914Michael Morris, 3rd Baron Killanin, Irish journalist and author, 6th President of the International Olympic Committee (died 1999) * 1920Walter Schuck, German lieutenant and pilot (died 2015) * 1921Grant Johannesen, American pianist and educator (died 2005) * 1922Henry W. Bloch, American banker and businessman, co-founded H&R Block (died 2019) * 1924C. T. Vivian, American minister, author, and activist (died 2020) * 1925Stan Stennett, Welsh actor and trumpet player (died 2013) * 1925 – Alexander Trocchi, Scottish author and poet (died 1984) * 1926Betye Saar, American artist * 1926 – George Shanard, American politician and businessman (died 2012) * 1927Richard Johnson, English actor, producer, and screenwriter (died 2015) * 1927 – Pete Schoening, American mountaineer (died 2004) * 1927 – Victor Wong, American actor (died 2001) * 1928Sulochana Latkar, Indian actress (died 2023) * 1928 – Joe Nuxhall, American baseball player and sportscaster (died 2007) * 1929Sid Krofft, Canadian-American puppeteer and producer * 1931Dominique Lapierre, French historian and author (died 2022) * 1931 – Marina Popovich, Soviet pilot, engineer and military officer (died 2017) * 1934Bud Selig, 9th Major League Baseball Commissioner * 1936Buddy Guy, American singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1936 – Infanta Pilar, Duchess of Badajoz (died 2020) *
1938 Events January * January 1 – state-owned enterprise, State-owned railway networks are created by merger, in France (SNCF) and the Netherlands (Nederlandse Spoorwegen – NS). * January 20 – King Farouk of Egypt marries Saf ...
Hervé de Charette, French politician, French Minister of Foreign Affairs * 1938 – Terry O'Neill, English photographer (died 2019) * 1939Peter Bogdanovich, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (died 2022) * 1939 – Eleanor Smeal, American activist, founded the Feminist Majority Foundation * 1940Patricia Schroeder, American lawyer and politician (died 2023) * 1940 – Clive Sinclair, English businessman, founded
Sinclair Radionics Sinclair Radionics Ltd was a company founded by Sir Clive Sinclair in Cambridge, England which developed hi-fi products, radios, calculators and scientific instruments. History After raising funds to start the business by writing articles ...
and Sinclair Research (died 2021) * 1941Paul Anka, Canadian singer-songwriter and actor * 1942Pollyanna Pickering, English environmentalist and painter (died 2018) *
1943 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured. * January 4 ...
Henri-François Gautrin, Canadian physicist and politician * 1944
Gerry Birrell Gerald Hussey Buchanan Birrell (30 July 1944 – 23 June 1973) was a British racing driver from Scotland, who was killed in a wreck during practice for a Formula Two race at Rouen-Les-Essarts. Born in Milngavie near Glasgow, Birrell left schoo ...
, Scottish race car driver (died 1973) * 1944 – Peter Bottomley, English politician * 1944 – Frances de la Tour, English actress * 1945Patrick Modiano, French novelist and screenwriter,
Nobel Prize The Nobel Prizes ( ; ; ) are awards administered by the Nobel Foundation and granted in accordance with the principle of "for the greatest benefit to humankind". The prizes were first awarded in 1901, marking the fifth anniversary of Alfred N ...
laureate * 1945 – David Sanborn, American saxophonist and composer (died 2024) *
1946 1946 (Roman numerals, MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1946th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 946th year of the 2nd millennium, the 46th year of the 20th centur ...
Neil Bonnett, American race car driver and sportscaster (died 1994) * 1946 – Jeffrey Hammond, English bass player * 1947William Atherton, American actor and producer * 1947 – Françoise Barré-Sinoussi, French virologist and biologist,
Nobel Prize The Nobel Prizes ( ; ; ) are awards administered by the Nobel Foundation and granted in accordance with the principle of "for the greatest benefit to humankind". The prizes were first awarded in 1901, marking the fifth anniversary of Alfred N ...
laureate * 1947 – Jonathan Mann, American physician and author (died 1998) * 1947 –
Arnold Schwarzenegger Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger (born July30, 1947) is an Austrian and American actor, businessman, former politician, and former professional bodybuilder, known for his roles in high-profile action films. Governorship of Arnold Schwarzenegger, ...
, Austrian-American bodybuilder, actor, and politician, 38th Governor of California *
1948 Events January * January 1 ** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated. ** The current Constitutions of Constitution of Italy, Italy and of Constitution of New Jersey, New Jersey (both later subject to amendment) ...
Billy Paultz, American basketball player * 1948 –
Jean Reno Juan Moreno y Herrera-Jiménez (born 30 July 1948), commonly known as Jean Reno (), is a French-Spanish actor. He established himself as a Leading actor, leading man of French cinema through his collaborations with director Luc Besson, and has w ...
, Moroccan-French actor * 1948 – Otis Taylor, American singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1948 – Julia Tsenova, Bulgarian pianist and composer (died 2010) *
1949 Events January * January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2025 * January 2 – Luis ...
Duck Baker, American guitarist * 1949 – Sonia Proudman, English lawyer and judge (died 2023) * 1950Harriet Harman, English lawyer and politician * 1950 – Frank Stallone, American singer-songwriter and actor * 1951Alan Kourie, South African cricketer * 1951 – Gerry Judah, Indian-English painter and sculptor * 1952Stephen Blackmore, English botanist and author * 1954Ken Olin, American actor, director, and producer * 1955Rat Scabies, English drummer and producer * 1955 – Christopher Warren-Green, English violinist and conductor *
1956 Events January * January 1 – The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Anglo-Egyptian Condominium ends in Sudan after 57 years. * January 8 – Operation Auca: Five U.S. evangelical Christian Missionary, missionaries, Nate Saint, Roger Youderian, E ...
Delta Burke, American actress * 1956 – Réal Cloutier, Canadian ice hockey player * 1956 – Georg Gänswein, German prelate, Prefect of the Pontifical Household, and former personal secretary to
Pope Benedict XVI Pope BenedictXVI (born Joseph Alois Ratzinger; 16 April 1927 – 31 December 2022) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 19 April 2005 until his resignation on 28 February 2013. Benedict's election as p ...
* 1956 – Anita Hill, American lawyer and academic * 1956 – Soraida Martinez, American painter and educator * 1957Antonio Adamo, Italian director and cinematographer * 1957 – Bill Cartwright, American basketball player and coach * 1957 – Clint Hurdle, American baseball player and manager * 1957 – Nery Pumpido, Argentinian footballer, coach, and manager * 1958
Kate Bush Catherine Bush (born 30 July 1958) is an English singer, songwriter, record producer, and dancer. Bush began writing songs at age 11. She was signed to EMI Records after David Gilmour of Pink Floyd helped produce a demo tape. In 1978, at the ...
, English singer-songwriter and producer * 1958Liz Kershaw, English radio broadcaster * 1958 – Daley Thompson, English decathlete and trainer * 1960Jennifer Barnes, American-English musicologist and academic * 1960 – Richard Linklater, American director and screenwriter * 1960 – Brillante Mendoza, Filipino independent film director * 1961Laurence Fishburne, American actor and producer * 1962Alton Brown, American chef, author, and producer * 1962 – Jay Feaster, American ice hockey player and manager * 1962 – Yakub Memon, Indian accountant and terrorist (died 2015) * 1963Peter Bowler, English-Australian cricketer * 1963 –
Lisa Kudrow Lisa Valerie Kudrow ( ; born July 30, 1963) is an American actress. She rose to international fame for her role as Phoebe Buffay in the American television sitcom ''Friends'', which aired from 1994 to 2004. The series earned her Primetime Emmy A ...
, American actress and producer * 1963 – Antoni Martí, Andorran architect and politician * 1963 – Chris Mullin, American basketball player, coach, and executive * 1964Ron Block, American singer-songwriter and banjo player * 1964 – Vivica A. Fox, American actress * 1964 – Alek Keshishian, Lebanese-American director, producer, and screenwriter * 1964 – Jürgen Klinsmann, German footballer and manager * 1964 – Laine Randjärv, Estonian lawyer and politician, 6th Estonian Minister of Culture *
1965 Events January–February * January 14 – The First Minister of Northern Ireland and the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years. * January 20 ** Lyndon B. Johnson is Second inauguration of Lynd ...
Tim Munton, English cricketer * 1966Kerry Fox, New Zealand actress and screenwriter * 1966 – Craig Gannon, English guitarist and songwriter * 1966 – Allan Langer, Australian rugby league player and coach * 1966 – Louise Wener, English author and singer-songwriter * 1968
Terry Crews Terry Alan Crews (born July 30, 1968) is an American actor, television host, and former professional American football, football player. He played Julius Rock in the UPN/The CW Television Network, CW sitcom ''Everybody Hates Chris'', which air ...
, American actor and football player * 1968 – Robert Korzeniowski, Polish race walker and coach * 1968 – Sean Moore, Welsh drummer and songwriter * 1969Simon Baker, Australian actor, director, and producer * 1969 – Errol Stewart, South African cricketer and lawyer * 1970Alun Cairns, Welsh businessman and politician * 1970 – Dean Edwards, American comedian, actor, and singer * 1970 – Christopher Nolan, English-American director, producer, and screenwriter *
1971 * The year 1971 had three partial solar eclipses (Solar eclipse of February 25, 1971, February 25, Solar eclipse of July 22, 1971, July 22 and Solar eclipse of August 20, 1971, August 20) and two total lunar eclipses (February 1971 lunar eclip ...
Elvis Crespo, American-Puerto Rican singer * 1971 – Tom Green, Canadian comedian and actor * 1971 – Christine Taylor, American actress *
1972 Within the context of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) it was the longest year ever, as two leap seconds were added during this 366-day year, an event which has not since been repeated. (If its start and end are defined using Solar time, ...
Jim McIlvaine, American basketball player and sportscaster *
1973 Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark 1973 enlargement of the European Communities, enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union. * January 14 - The 16-0 19 ...
Kenton Cool, English mountaineer * 1973 – Ümit Davala, Turkish footballer and manager * 1973 – Anastasios Katsabis, Greek footballer * 1973 – Markus Näslund, Swedish ice hockey player and manager * 1973 – Sonu Nigam, Indian playback singer and actor * 1973 – Clementa C. Pinckney, American minister and politician (died 2015) * 1974Radostin Kishishev, Bulgarian footballer and manager * 1974 – Jason Robinson, English rugby league footballer, and rugby union footballer and coach * 1974 – Hilary Swank, American actress and producer * 1975Graham Nicholls, English author and activist * 1975 – Kate Starbird, American basketball player and computer scientist * 1977Diana Bolocco, Chilean model and journalist; * 1977 – Misty May-Treanor, American volleyball player and coach * 1977 – Jaime Pressly, American actress * 1977 – Bootsy Thornton, American basketball player * 1977 – Ian Watkins, Welsh singer-songwriter and child abuse convict *
1979 Events January * January 1 ** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the ''International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the ''Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the song ...
Carlos Arroyo, Puerto Rican basketball player and singer * 1979 – Chad Keegan, South African cricketer and coach * 1979 – Graeme McDowell, Northern Irish golfer * 1979 – Maya Nasser, Syrian journalist (died 2012) * 1980Seth Avett, American folk-rock singer-songwriter and musician * 1980 – Justin Rose, South African-English golfer * 1981Nicky Hayden, American motorcycle racer (died 2017) * 1981 – Juan Smith, South African rugby union footballer * 1981 – Hope Solo, American soccer player * 1981 – Indrek Turi, Estonian decathlete * 1982Jehad Al-Hussain, Syrian footballer * 1982 – James Anderson, English cricketer * 1982 – Martin Starr, American actor and comedian * 1982 – Yvonne Strahovski, Australian actress * 1983Seán Dillon, Irish footballer * 1984Marko Asmer, Estonian race car driver * 1984 – Gabrielle Christian, American actress and singer * 1984 – Ása Berglind Hjálmarsdóttir, Icelandic politician * 1984 – Trudy McIntosh, Australian artistic gymnast * 1984 – Kevin Pittsnogle, American basketball player * 1984 – Gina Rodriguez, American actress * 1985Chris Guccione, Australian tennis player * 1985 – Daniel Fredheim Holm, Norwegian footballer * 1985 – Luca Lanotte, Italian ice dancer * 1985 – Matthew Scott, Australian rugby league player * 1986Tiago Alencar, Brazilian footballer * 1986 – William Zillman, Australian rugby league player * 1987Anton Fink, German footballer * 1987 – Sam Saunders, American golfer * 1988Wen Chean Lim, Malaysian rhythmic gymnast * 1989Aleix Espargaró, Spanish motorcycle racer * 1989 – Wayne Parnell, South African cricketer * 1990Chris Maxwell, Welsh footballer * 1990Tom Morris, Australian journalist * 1991Diana Vickers, English singer-songwriter * 1992Hannah Cockroft, English wheelchair racer * 1993Jacob Faria, American baseball player * 1993 – André Gomes, Portuguese footballer * 1993 – Margarida Moura, Portuguese tennis player * 1993 – Miho Miyazaki, Japanese singer *
1994 The year 1994 was designated as the " International Year of the Family" and the "International Year of Sport and the Olympic Ideal" by the United Nations. In the Line Islands and Phoenix Islands of Kiribati, 1994 had only 364 days, omitti ...
Nelydia Senrose, Malaysian actress * 1995Hirving Lozano, Mexican footballer * 1996Nina Stojanović, Serbian tennis player *1996 – Dylan Larkin, American hockey player *
1999 1999 was designated as the International Year of Older Persons. Events January * January 1 – The euro currency is established and the European Central Bank assumes its full powers. * January 3 – The Mars Polar Lander is launc ...
Joey King, American actress


Deaths


Pre-1600

* 578Jacob Baradaeus, Greek bishop * 579Pope Benedict I * 734Tatwine, English archbishop (born 670) * 829Shi Xiancheng, general of the Tang Dynasty * 1286Bar Hebraeus, Syrian scholar and historian (born 1226) * 1393Alberto d'Este, Lord of Ferrara and Modena (born 1347) * 1516John V, Count of Nassau-Siegen (born 1455) * 1540Thomas Abel, English priest and martyr (born 1497) * 1540 – Robert Barnes, English martyr and reformer (born 1495) * 1550Thomas Wriothesley, 1st Earl of Southampton, English politician, Lord Chancellor of the United Kingdom (born 1505) * 1566Guillaume Rondelet, French doctor (born 1507)


1601–1900

* 1608Rory O'Donnell, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell, last King of Tyrconnell (born 1575) * 1624Esmé Stewart, 3rd Duke of Lennox, British nobleman (born 1579) * 1652Charles Amadeus, Duke of Nemours (born 1624) * 1680Thomas Butler, 6th Earl of Ossory, Irish admiral and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (born 1634) * 1683Maria Theresa of Spain (born 1638) * 1691Daniel Georg Morhof, German scholar and academic (born 1639) * 1700Prince William, Duke of Gloucester, English royal (born 1689) * 1718
William Penn William Penn ( – ) was an English writer, religious thinker, and influential Quakers, Quaker who founded the Province of Pennsylvania during the British colonization of the Americas, British colonial era. An advocate of democracy and religi ...
, English businessman and philosopher, founded the Province of Pennsylvania (born 1644) * 1771
Thomas Gray Thomas Gray (26 December 1716 – 30 July 1771) was an English poet, letter-writer, and classics, classical scholar at Cambridge University, being a fellow first of Peterhouse then of Pembroke College, Cambridge, Pembroke College. He is widely ...
, English poet (born 1716) * 1811Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, Mexican priest and soldier (born 1753) * 1832Lê Văn Duyệt, Vietnamese general, mandarin (born 1763–4) * 1870Aasmund Olavsson Vinje, Norwegian poet and journalist (born 1818) * 1875George Pickett, American general (born 1825) * 1889Charlie Absolom, England cricketer (born 1846) * 1898
Otto von Bismarck Otto, Prince of Bismarck, Count of Bismarck-Schönhausen, Duke of Lauenburg (; born ''Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck''; 1 April 1815 – 30 July 1898) was a German statesman and diplomat who oversaw the unification of Germany and served as ...
, German lawyer and politician, 1st
Chancellor of Germany The chancellor of Germany, officially the federal chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, is the head of the federal Cabinet of Germany, government of Germany. The chancellor is the chief executive of the Federal Government of Germany, ...
(born 1815) * 1900Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (born 1844)


1901–present

* 1912
Emperor Meiji , posthumously honored as , was the 122nd emperor of Japan according to the List of emperors of Japan, traditional order of succession, reigning from 1867 until his death in 1912. His reign is associated with the Meiji Restoration of 1868, which ...
of Japan (born 1852) *
1918 The ceasefire that effectively ended the World War I, First World War took place on the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month of this year. Also in this year, the Spanish flu pandemic killed 50–100 million people wor ...
Joyce Kilmer, American soldier, journalist, and poet (born 1886) * 1920Albert Gustaf Dahlman, Swedish executioner (born 1848) * 1930Joan Gamper, Swiss-Spanish footballer and businessman, founded FC Barcelona (born 1877) *
1938 Events January * January 1 – state-owned enterprise, State-owned railway networks are created by merger, in France (SNCF) and the Netherlands (Nederlandse Spoorwegen – NS). * January 20 – King Farouk of Egypt marries Saf ...
John Derbyshire, English swimmer and water polo player (born 1878) * 1941Hugo Celmiņš, Latvian politician, former Prime Minister of Latvia (born 1877) * 1947Joseph Cook, English-Australian miner and politician, 6th
Prime Minister of Australia The prime minister of Australia is the head of government of the Commonwealth of Australia. The prime minister is the chair of the Cabinet of Australia and thus the head of the Australian Government, federal executive government. Under the pr ...
(born 1860) *
1965 Events January–February * January 14 – The First Minister of Northern Ireland and the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years. * January 20 ** Lyndon B. Johnson is Second inauguration of Lynd ...
Jun'ichirō Tanizaki, Japanese author and playwright (born 1886) * 1970Walter Murdoch, Scottish-Australian academic (born 1874) * 1970 – George Szell, Hungarian-American conductor and composer (born 1897) *
1971 * The year 1971 had three partial solar eclipses (Solar eclipse of February 25, 1971, February 25, Solar eclipse of July 22, 1971, July 22 and Solar eclipse of August 20, 1971, August 20) and two total lunar eclipses (February 1971 lunar eclip ...
Thomas Hollway, Australian politician, 36th Premier of Victoria (born 1906) * 1975James Blish, American author and critic (born 1921) * 1977Emory Holloway, American scholar, author, and educator (born 1885) * 1983Howard Dietz, American songwriter and publicist (born 1896) * 1983 – Lynn Fontanne, English actress (born 1887) * 1985Julia Robinson, American mathematician and theorist (born 1919) * 1989Lane Frost, American professional bull rider (born 1963)"Bull rider dies after being gored"
'' Tulsa World'', July 31, 1989.
* 1990Ian Gow, British Member of Parliament who was assassinated by the IRA (born 1937) * 1992Brenda Marshall, Filipino-American actress and singer (born 1915) * 1992 – Joe Shuster, Canadian-American illustrator, co-created
Superman Superman is a superhero created by writer Jerry Siegel and artist Joe Shuster, which first appeared in the comic book ''Action Comics'' Action Comics 1, #1, published in the United States on April 18, 1938.The copyright date of ''Action Comics ...
(born 1914) *
1994 The year 1994 was designated as the " International Year of the Family" and the "International Year of Sport and the Olympic Ideal" by the United Nations. In the Line Islands and Phoenix Islands of Kiribati, 1994 had only 364 days, omitti ...
Konstantin Kalser, German-American film producer and advertising executive (born 1920) * 1996Claudette Colbert, French-American actress (born 1903) * 1997Bảo Đại, Vietnamese emperor (born 1913) * 1998Buffalo Bob Smith, American television host (born 1917) * 2001Anton Schwarzkopf, German engineer (born 1924) * 2003Steve Hislop, Scottish motorcycle racer (born 1962) * 2003 – Sam Phillips, American record producer, founded Sun Records (born 1923) *
2005 2005 was designated as the International Year for Sport and Physical Education and the International Year of Microcredit. The beginning of 2005 also marked the end of the International Decade of the World's Indigenous Peoples, Internationa ...
Ray Cunningham, American baseball player (born 1905) * 2005 – John Garang, Sudanese colonel and politician, 6th President of South Sudan (born 1945) * 2006Duygu Asena, Turkish journalist and author(born 1946) * 2006 – Al Balding, Canadian golfer (born 1924) * 2006 – Murray Bookchin, American philosopher and author (born 1921) * 2006 – Anthony Galla-Rini, American accordion player and composer (born 1904) * 2006 – Akbar Mohammadi, Iranian activist (born 1972) * 2007Michelangelo Antonioni, Italian director and screenwriter (born 1912) * 2007 – Teoctist Arăpașu, Romanian patriarch (born 1915) * 2007 –
Ingmar Bergman Ernst Ingmar Bergman (14 July 1918 – 30 July 2007) was a Swedish film and theatre director and screenwriter. Widely considered one of the greatest and most influential film directors of all time, his films have been described as "profoun ...
, Swedish director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1918) * 2007 – Bill Walsh, American football player and coach (born 1931) * 2008Anne Armstrong, American businesswoman and diplomat, United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom (born 1927) *
2009 2009 was designated as the International Year of Astronomy by the United Nations to coincide with the 400th anniversary of Galileo Galilei's first known astronomical studies with a telescope and the publication of Astronomia Nova by Joha ...
Mohammed Yusuf, Nigerian militant leader, founded Boko Haram (born 1970) * 2009 – Peter Zadek, German director and screenwriter (born 1926) *
2011 The year marked the start of a Arab Spring, series of protests and revolutions throughout the Arab world advocating for democracy, reform, and economic recovery, later leading to the depositions of world leaders in Tunisia, Egypt, and Yemen ...
Bob Peterson, American basketball player (born 1932) * 2012Maeve Binchy, Irish author, playwright, and journalist (born 1939) * 2012 – Bill Doss, American singer and guitarist (born 1968) * 2012 – Stig Ossian Ericson, Swedish actor, director, and screenwriter (born 1923) * 2012 – Les Green, English footballer and manager (born 1941) * 2012 – Jonathan Hardy, New Zealand-Australian actor and screenwriter (born 1940) * 2012 – Bill Kitchen, Canadian ice hockey player (born 1960) * 2012 – Mary Louise Rasmuson, American colonel (born 1911) *
2013 2013 was the first year since 1987 to contain four unique digits (a span of 26 years). 2013 was designated as: *International Year of Water Cooperation *International Year of Quinoa Events January * January 5 – 2013 Craig, Alask ...
Cecil Alexander, American architect, designed the State of Georgia Building (born 1918) * 2013 – Berthold Beitz, German businessman (born 1913) * 2013 – Robert Neelly Bellah, American sociologist and author (born 1927) * 2013 – Harry F. Byrd Jr., American lieutenant, publisher, and politician (born 1914) * 2013 – Antoni Ramallets, Spanish footballer and manager (born 1924) * 2013 – Ossie Schectman, American basketball player (born 1919) * 2013 – Benjamin Walker, Indian-English author, poet, and playwright (born 1913) *
2014 The year 2014 was marked by the surge of the Western African Ebola epidemic, West African Ebola epidemic, which began in 2013, becoming the List of Ebola outbreaks, most widespread outbreak of the Ebola, Ebola virus in human history, resul ...
Robert Drew, American director and producer (born 1924) * 2014 – Harun Farocki, German director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1944) * 2014 – Julio Grondona, Argentinian businessman (born 1931) * 2014 – Peter Hall, English geographer, author, and academic (born 1932) * 2014 – Dick Smith, American make-up artist (born 1922) * 2014 – Dick Wagner, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1942) * 2015Lynn Anderson, American singer (born 1947) * 2015 – Stuart Baggs, English businessman (born 1988) * 2015 – Endel Lippmaa, Estonian physicist (born 1930) * 2015 – Francis Paul Prucha, American historian and academic (born 1921) * 2015 –
Alena Vrzáňová Alena "Ája" Vrzáňová (, also Zanová, married name: Steindler; 16 May 1931 – 30 July 2015) was a Czech figure skater who represented Czechoslovakia in competition. Vrzáňová is the 1949 & 1950 World champion and 1950 European champio ...
, Czech figure skater (born 1931) * 2016Gloria DeHaven, American actress, singer, and dancer (born 1925) * 2018Michael A. Sheehan, American author, former government official and military officer (born 1955) * 2020Lee Teng-hui, Taiwanese politician, President (1988–2000),
Vice President A vice president or vice-president, also director in British English, is an officer in government or business who is below the president (chief executive officer) in rank. It can also refer to executive vice presidents, signifying that the vi ...
(1984–1988) and
mayor of Taipei The mayor of Taipei is the head of the Taipei City Government and is elected to a four-year term. Until the election of Tsai Ing-wen, the office was seen as a stepping stone to the President of the Republic of China, presidency: presidents Lee Ten ...
(1978–1981) (born 1923) * 2020 – Herman Cain, American businessman and political activist (born 1945) * 2021Shona Ferguson, Botswana-born, South African actor and executive producer (born 1974) * 2022Pat Carroll, American actress and comedian (born 1927) * 2022 – Nichelle Nichols, American actress, singer and dancer (born 1932) * 2023Paul Reubens, American actor and comedian (born 1952) * 2024Onyeka Onwenu, Nigerian singer, actress and politician (born 1952)


Holidays and observances

*Christian feast day: ** Abdon and Sennen ** Hatebrand ** Maxima, Donatilla, and Secunda ** Peter Chrysologus ** Robert Barnes (
Lutheran Lutheranism is a major branch of Protestantism that emerged under the work of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German friar and Protestant Reformers, reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practices of the Catholic Church launched ...
) ** Rufinus of Assisi ** Tatwine ** Ursus of Auxerre ** Solanus Casey ** July 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) * Feast of the Throne (
Morocco Morocco, officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It has coastlines on the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to Algeria–Morocc ...
) *
Independence Day An independence day is an annual event memorialization, commemorating the anniversary of a nation's independence or Sovereign state, statehood, usually after ceasing to be a group or part of another nation or state, or after the end of a milit ...
, celebrates the independence of
Vanuatu Vanuatu ( or ; ), officially the Republic of Vanuatu (; ), is an island country in Melanesia located in the South Pacific Ocean. The archipelago, which is of volcanic origin, is east of northern Australia, northeast of New Caledonia, east o ...
from the United Kingdom and France in 1980. * International Day of Friendship ( international), and its related observances: ** Día del Amigo (
Paraguay Paraguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay, is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the Argentina–Paraguay border, south and southwest, Brazil to the Brazil–Paraguay border, east and northeast, and Boli ...
) * Martyrs Day (
South Sudan South Sudan (), officially the Republic of South Sudan, is a landlocked country in East Africa. It is bordered on the north by Sudan; on the east by Ethiopia; on the south by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda and Kenya; and on the ...
)


References


External links

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:July 30 Days of July