Joris in 't Veld (5 July 1895 – 15 February 1981) was a Dutch politician of the Social Democratic Workers' Party (SDAP) and later the Labour Party (PvdA) and jurist. In 't Veld worked as civil servant for municipality of

Dordrecht Dordrecht (), historically known in English as Dordt (still colloquially used in Dutch, ) or Dort, is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the Western Netherlands, lo ...

from August 1910 until October 1914 and for the municipality of

Rotterdam Rotterdam ( , ; ; ) is the second-largest List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city in the Netherlands after the national capital of Amsterdam. It is in the Provinces of the Netherlands, province of South Holland, part of the North S ...

from October 1914 until December 1936 as

Municipal clerk A clerk (pronounced "clark" /klɑːk/ in British and Australian English) is a senior official of many municipal governments in the English-speaking world. In some communities, including most in the United States, the position is elected, but in ...

from January 1936 until December 1936. In 't Veld applied at the

Leiden University Leiden University (abbreviated as ''LEI''; ) is a Public university, public research university in Leiden, Netherlands. Established in 1575 by William the Silent, William, Prince of Orange as a Protestantism, Protestant institution, it holds the d ...

in June 1921

majoring An academic major is the academic discipline to which an undergraduate student formally commits. A student who successfully completes all courses required for the major qualifies for an undergraduate degree. The word ''major'' (also called ''conce ...

Law Law is a set of rules that are created and are enforceable by social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior, with its precise definition a matter of longstanding debate. It has been variously described as a science and as the ar ...

and obtaining a

Bachelor of Laws A Bachelor of Laws (; LLB) is an undergraduate law degree offered in most common law countries as the primary law degree and serves as the first professional qualification for legal practitioners. This degree requires the study of core legal subje ...

degree in July 1923 and worked as a student researcher before graduating with a

Master of Laws A Master of Laws (M.L. or LL.M.; Latin: ' or ') is a postgraduate academic degree, pursued by those either holding an undergraduate academic law degree, a professional law degree, or an undergraduate degree in another subject. In many jurisdi ...

degree in July 1926 and later got a

doctorate A doctorate (from Latin ''doctor'', meaning "teacher") or doctoral degree is a postgraduate academic degree awarded by universities and some other educational institutions, derived from the ancient formalism '' licentia docendi'' ("licence to teach ...

as a

Doctor of Law A Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) is a doctoral degree in legal studies. The abbreviation LL.D. stands for ''Legum Doctor'', with the double “L” in the abbreviation referring to the early practice in the University of Cambridge to teach both canon law ...

on 1 July 1929. In 't Veld served on the Provincial-Council of

South Holland South Holland ( ) is a province of the Netherlands with a population of over 3.8 million as of January 2023 and a population density of about , making it the country's most populous province and one of the world's most densely populated areas. ...

from June 1931 until January 1937. In December 1936 In 't Veld was nominated as Mayor of Zaandam, taking office on 1 January 1937. In 't Veld was elected as a Member of the Senate after the Senate election of 1937, taking office on 8 June 1937. On 10 May 1940

Nazi Germany Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German Reich, German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a Totalit ...

invaded An invasion is a military offensive of combatants of one geopolitical entity, usually in large numbers, entering territory controlled by another similar entity, often involving acts of aggression. Generally, invasions have objectives of co ...

the Netherlands and the

government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a State (polity), state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive (government), execu ...

fled to

London London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Wester ...

to escape the

German occupation German-occupied Europe, or Nazi-occupied Europe, refers to the sovereign countries of Europe which were wholly or partly militarily occupied and civil-occupied, including puppet states, by the (armed forces) and the government of Nazi Germany at ...

. During

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

In 't Veld continued to serve as a Member of the Senate but in reality the '' de facto'' political influence of the Senate was marginalized. On 4 March 1941 In 't Veld was removed from office as Mayor by the German occupation authority. Following the end of

In 't Veld was reinstated as Mayor of Zaandam, taking office on 7 May 1945. Following the return of the

government-in-exile A government-in-exile (GiE) is a political group that claims to be the legitimate government of a sovereign state or semi-sovereign state, but is unable to exercise legal power and instead resides in a foreign country. Governments in exile usu ...

Queen Wilhelmina Wilhelmina (; Wilhelmina Helena Pauline Maria; 31 August 1880 – 28 November 1962) was Queen of the Netherlands from 1890 until her abdication in 1948. She reigned for nearly 58 years, making her the longest-reigning monarch in Dutch history, as ...

ordered a

Recall of Parliament A recall of parliament is a parliamentary procedure involving an extraordinary sitting of a parliament, occurring outside the time when that parliament would usually meet, such as over a weekend, or when the parliament would normally be in recess ...

and In 't Veld remained a Member of the Senate, taking office on 20 November 1945. In 't Veld was appointed as Minister of Reconstruction and Housing in the Cabinet Beel I following the appointment of Lambertus Neher as Special Representative to the

Dutch East Indies The Dutch East Indies, also known as the Netherlands East Indies (; ), was a Dutch Empire, Dutch colony with territory mostly comprising the modern state of Indonesia, which Proclamation of Indonesian Independence, declared independence on 17 Au ...

, taking office on 1 March 1948. After the Senate election of 1948 In 't Veld returned briefly as a Member of the Senate, serving from 28 July 1948 until 8 August 1948. After the election of 1948 In 't Veld continued as Minister of Reconstruction and Housing in the Cabinet Drees–Van Schaik, taking office on 7 August 1948. The Drees–Van Schaik cabinet fell on 24 January 1951 and continued to serve in a

demissionary A demissionary cabinet () is a type of caretaker government, caretaker cabinet of the Netherlands, cabinet or provisional government in the politics of the Netherlands, Netherlands. Overview The Dutch demissionary cabinet continues the current g ...

capacity until the cabinet formation of 1951 when it was replaced by Cabinet Drees I with In 't Veld remaining as Minister of Reconstruction and Housing, taking office on 15 March 1951. In April 1952 In 't Veld announced that he wouldn't stand for the election of 1952 but wanted tot return to the Senate. After the Senate election of 1952 In 't Veld returned as a Member of the Senate, taking office on 15 July 1952. After the election of 1952 In 't Veld was not giving a cabinet post in the new

cabinet Cabinet or The Cabinet may refer to: Furniture * Cabinetry, a box-shaped piece of furniture with doors and/or drawers * Display cabinet, a piece of furniture with one or more transparent glass sheets or transparent polycarbonate sheets * Filin ...

, the Cabinet Drees I was replaced by the Cabinet Drees II on 2 September 1952 and he subsequently was selected as

Parliamentary leader A parliamentary leader is a political title or a descriptive term used in various countries to designate the person leading a parliamentary group or caucus in a legislature, legislative body, whether it be a national or sub-national legislature. ...

of the Labour Party in the Senate the same day. he also served as a Professor at Leiden University, Member of the

Council of State A council of state is a governmental body in a country, or a subdivision of a country, with a function that varies by jurisdiction. It may be the formal name for the cabinet or it may refer to a non-executive advisory body associated with a head ...

, administer at Humanitas and the ''Humanistisch Verbond'', and one of the founders of the

public administration Public administration, or public policy and administration refers to "the management of public programs", or the "translation of politics into the reality that citizens see every day",Kettl, Donald and James Fessler. 2009. ''The Politics of the ...

in the Netherlands. As Minister of Reconstruction and Public Housing in the

first Beel cabinet The First Beel cabinet was the cabinet of the Netherlands from 3 July 1946 until 7 August 1948. The cabinet was formed by the Christian democracy, Christian democratic Catholic People's Party (KVP) and the Social democracy, social democratic Lab ...

and

first Drees cabinet The First Drees cabinet, also called the Second Drees cabinet was the executive branch of the Dutch Government from 15 March 1951 until 2 September 1952. The cabinet was a continuation of the previous Drees–Van Schaik cabinet and was formed by ...

he established the Reconstruction Bill.Dr. J. in 't Veld
at ''Europa-nu.nl'', Accessed 29 March 2008.

Biography

In 't Veld was born in Dubbeldam (now part of

), in the same village where his father Cornelis in 't Veld was born and had worked as labourer and later greengrocer. After attending the

mulo Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs (Dutch, "more advanced primary education") was during part of the twentieth century a level of education in the Netherlands, Suriname and the Dutch East Indies. The system was comparable with the junior high school l ...

(junior high school) he started working as civil servant in the town hall of Dordrecht. He continued his studies in his spare time completing the training for municipal candidate in 1916, and in 1921 passing the state examination. Beside his work he continued to study law at

from 1921 until 1926. On 11 July 1929 he obtained his doctorate in law at the Leiden University with a thesis entitled "Nieuwe vormen van decentralisatie." (New forms of decentralization). After his first job at the municipality of Dordrecht from 1910 to 1914, he moved to Municipality of Rotterdam, where he initially start as clerk at Public Works. He gradually got promoted in the civil service until he became acting municipal secretary and head of the Housing Department from 1936 to 1937.AA Young
Joris in 't (1895-1981)
in: ''Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland, '' A year later in 1937 he succeeded

Kornelis ter Laan Kornelis ter Laan (Gronings: ''Knelis ter Loan'') (8 July 1871 – 6 March 1963), also referred to as Kees ter Laan and Klaas ter Laan, was a Dutch politician and linguist. He published as K. ter Laan. Biography Ter Laan was born on 8 July 1871 ...

as mayor of Zaandam. In addition to his personal career In 't Velds had gained interest in politics. As a young man he had certain sympathy for anarchism and communism, but he switched after Troelstra's failed revolution attempt in November 1918 and joined the Social Democratic Workers Party (SDAP). He was active in the local branch of the party and in the Institute for Development Workers, where late 1920s he chaired the Rotterdam Chapter. Late-1920s he became more active in the SDAP, and was elected Member of the

Senate A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...

in 1931 and served until 1937. Besides Mayor of Zaandam, In 't Veld was Member of the

just before and World War II, and from 1952 to 1964. In 1948 he became Minister of Reconstruction and Housing. After 1952, In 't Veld started his academic career. After holding a series of lectures on housing at the Institute of Social Studies in The Hague, he was included in the staff of this institution in 1954. In 1955 directed the faculty administration. From 1957 to 1965 he was Professor at the Leiden University.

Personal

In 1922 Joris married Antje Peeters, and they had a son and two daughters. His son was the Delft Professor

Jan in 't Veld Jan in 't Veld (16 December 1925 – 27 January 2005) was a Dutch aerospace engineer and professor of industrial organization at the Mechanical Engineering Department of the Technical University of Delft. In the Netherlands he was one of the pione ...

(1925–2005). A daughter Cornélie "Corrie" in 't Veld married

Roel de Wit Roelof Josephus "Roel" de Wit (31 March 1927 in Amsterdam – 3 June 2012 in Haarlem) was a Dutch politician of the Labour Party (PvdA) and a conservationist. De Wit studied biology at the University of Amsterdam. He became a member of the P ...

, Mayor of

Alkmaar Alkmaar () is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the Netherlands, located in the Provinces of the Netherlands, province of North Holland. Alkmaar is well known fo ...

from 1970 until 1976 and the

Queen's Commissioner A King's commissioner (, ''CvdK'') is the head of government and legislature in a province of the Netherlands. When the reigning monarch is a woman, the title is Queen's commissioner (''Commissaris van de Koningin''). A commissioner is appointed ...

North Holland North Holland (, ) is a Provinces of the Netherlands, province of the Netherlands in the northwestern part of the country. It is located on the North Sea, north of South Holland and Utrecht (province), Utrecht, and west of Friesland and Flevola ...

from 1976 until 1992. After the death of Antje Peeters in 1966, Joris in 't Veld remarried the same year with Ellen Elisabeth ten Brink. He was made a Knight in the

Order of the Dutch Lion The Order of the Netherlands Lion, also known as the Order of the Lion of the Netherlands (, ) is a Dutch order of chivalry founded by William I of the Netherlands on 29 September 1815. The Order of the Netherlands Lion was until recently awar ...

in 1946, Commander of the

Order of Orange Nassau The Order of Orange-Nassau () is a civil and military Dutch order of chivalry founded on 4 April 1892 by the queen regent, Emma of the Netherlands. The order is a chivalric order open to "everyone who has performed acts of special merits for ...

in 1952, and Commander of the

in 1963.

Work

Political career

In 't Veld was from 1931 to 1937 member of the Provincial Council of South Holland. In 1937 he became a member of the Senate for the SDAP. He was Minister of Reconstruction and Housing for the Labour Party in the

and

he established the Reconstruction Bill. He interpellated in 1953 as Minister Senator dark about the escape of seven war criminals. He was a moderate Orangist.

Mayor of Zaandam

In 't Veld mayor of Zaandam was from 1937 to 1941, and later from 1945 to 1948. After his first appearance in a relatively short time he acquired great popularity, particularly by his attitude during World War II. Conflicts with the Germans and especially the NSB were bound and on 4 March 1941, shortly after the February strike, followed his dismissal, he was succeeded by NSB mayor Cornelis van Ravenswaay. After the capitulation on 5 May 1945, he was immediately reinstalled as mayor. This continued until his appointment as Minister of Reconstruction and Housing. On his retirement in 1948, In 't Veld an honorary citizen of Zaandam, there was also a park named after him.

Minister of Reconstruction and Housing

As Minister of Reconstruction and Housing was in 't Veld the first postwar minister seriously interested in planning. The construction of new houses only slowly rose after World War II, partly due to the lack of good and affordable building material. In the 1930s In 't Veld as Minister of Housing had been spectre of mass unemployment and again feared for further unemployment in the construction industry. For this reason In 't Veld pleaded for a gradual approach to tackling the housing shortage. The policy of the government prioritised the construction of utilities for business. Under his rule the houses production increased significantly but the housing shortage experience defy him and his successors. The homebuilding got under In 't Veld the highest priority and surpassed the 90,000 homes per year. However, the growth in demand exceeded supply, as the number of persons per household decreased. Many of the houses were built with a solid state.

Humanitas

Just after the war, the foundation Humanitas founded on 31 May 1945 and In 't Veld became its first president. He expressed the mission of Humanitas as "No help offered from above, but help born from a sense of solidarity, and responsibility for the needs of neighbours in distress." In 't Veld was himself a convinced modern humanist and from its founding until 1954 a member of the Executive Board of the '' Humanistisch Verbond'' (HV). Under his chairmanship of Humanitas from 1945 to 1963 he has worked sought merger between the two organisations. In 't Veld was personally convinced that social work could only be fruitful when thrives are based on a philosophy of life. His plans for cooperation are torpedoed by the members and delegates at Humanitas conferences. Together with the politician and first president of the ''Humanistisch Verbond''

Jaap van Praag Jacob Philip "Jaap" van Praag (; born 11 May 1911 in Amsterdam – died 12 April 1981 in Utrecht (city), Utrecht) was a Dutch Humanism (life stance), humanist who played a prominent role in establishing the Dutch Humanist League. He was its chai ...

he kept promoting the idea of the Humanist Movement.

Public Administration

At older age In 't Veld regularly published articles on administrative law and administrative and political issues. He was an expert of constitutional and administrative law, and authored with H.A. Brasz and A. Kleijn the ''Inleiding tot de bestuurswetenschap'' (Introduction to Public Administration) and as sole author the 1979 ''Beginselen van behoorlijk bestuur'' (Principles of good governance). This book covered topics such as service quality, capacity, equality, trust, interests and motivation. In 't Veld proposed a classification, similar to the one by Belinfante in 1968, who defined : * The principle that prohibits (apparent) partiality * The obligation of hearing * The obligation to state reasons * The prohibition of arbitrary * The prohibition of "détournement de pouvoir" (misuse of powers) * The principle of legal certainty * The principle of care * And equality The 1968 subdivision of In ' t Veld was similar, only he conceived the principle of impartiality and the right to be heard together principle into the principle of "fair play."L.J.A. Damen (2006), ''Bestuursrecht 1: n/a: systeem Bevoegdheid Bevoegdheidsuitoefening Handhaving''. Den Haag: Boom. . Pag. 338

Publications

In 't Veld authored dozens of articles and books. A selection: * 1929, ''Nieuwe vormen van decentralisatie'' * 1932–34, ''De inrichting van onzen staat gezien van sociaaldemocratisch standpunt''. Amsterdam. * 1936, ''Nog steeds: naast de rode de blauwe vaan''. Utrecht * 1938, ''Bestuursinrichting van de Wieringermeer'' Alphen aan den Rijn * 1945, ''Economische en sociale ordening''. Amsterdam * 1950, ''De betekenis der gemeente voor de toekomst van West-Europa''. Heemstede * 1953, ''Krotopruiming en vernieuwing van bebouwde kernen''. 's-Gravenhage * 1962, ''Inleiding tot de bestuurswetenschap'' with H.A. Brasz en A. Kleijn. * 1968, ''Essays in administration''. 's-Gravenhage * 1970, ''Vooruitziende bestuurswetenschap. Een futurologische verkenning''. 's-Gravenhage * 1972, ''Ons staatsbestuur in een stroomversnelling'', 's-Gravenhage. * 1979, ''Beginselen van behoorlijk bestuur'', Zwolle. * 1980, ''Planning als maatschappelijke vormgeving'', J. in 't Veld (red.). Deventer: Van Loghum Slaterus.

Decorations

References

External links

;Official *
Dr. J. (Joris) in 't Veld
Parlement & Politiek *
Dr. J. in 't Veld (PvdA)
Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal {{DEFAULTSORT:Veld, Joris in t 1890s births 1981 deaths Dutch anti-poverty advocates Commanders of the Order of the Netherlands Lion Commanders of the Order of Orange-Nassau Dutch corporate directors Dutch essayists Dutch humanists Dutch legal scholars Dutch legal writers Dutch male short story writers Dutch short story writers Dutch nonprofit directors Dutch nonprofit executives Dutch people of World War II Dutch political philosophers Dutch political writers Dutch public administration scholars Dutch public broadcasting administrators Housing reformers Dutch housing rights activists Academic staff of the International Institute of Social Studies Labour Party (Netherlands) politicians Leiden University alumni Academic staff of Leiden University Mayors in North Holland Members of the Provincial Council of South Holland Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences Members of the Senate (Netherlands) Ministers of housing and spatial planning of the Netherlands People from Dordrecht People from Zaanstad Scholars of administrative law Social Democratic Workers' Party (Netherlands) politicians Writers about activism and social change Writers about communism Writers from Rotterdam Writers from The Hague 20th-century Dutch businesspeople 20th-century Dutch civil servants 20th-century Dutch jurists 20th-century Dutch male writers 20th-century Dutch politicians