The intermammary cleft, intermammary sulcus, or sulcus intermammarius is a surface feature of

male Male (Planet symbols, symbol: ♂) is the sex of an organism that produces the gamete (sex cell) known as sperm, which fuses with the larger female gamete, or Egg cell, ovum, in the process of fertilisation. A male organism cannot sexual repro ...

s and

female An organism's sex is female ( symbol: ♀) if it produces the ovum (egg cell), the type of gamete (sex cell) that fuses with the male gamete (sperm cell) during sexual reproduction. A female has larger gametes than a male. Females and ...

s that marks the division of the two

breast The breasts are two prominences located on the upper ventral region of the torso among humans and other primates. Both sexes develop breasts from the same embryology, embryological tissues. The relative size and development of the breasts is ...

s with the

sternum The sternum (: sternums or sterna) or breastbone is a long flat bone located in the central part of the chest. It connects to the ribs via cartilage and forms the front of the rib cage, thus helping to protect the heart, lungs, and major bl ...

(breastbone) in the middle.Dr. Ted Eisenberg and Joyce K. Eisenberg, ''The Scoop on Breasts: A Plastic Surgeon Busts the Myths'', Incompra Press, 2012, The

International Federation of Associations of Anatomists The International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA) is an umbrella scientific organization of national and multinational Anatomy Associations, dedicated to anatomy and biomorphological sciences. Origins and objectives In 1903, Prof. ...

(IFAA) uses the terms "sulcus intermammarius" or "intermammary cleft" when referring to the area between the breasts.Muhammad Adil Abbas Khan, Ammar Asrar Javed and Nigel Mercer
Cleavage classification: categorizing a vital feminine aesthetic landmark
Plastic and Aesthetic Research (PAR), 016-01-15

Etymology

"Intermammary" ("

inter Inter may refer to: Association football clubs * Inter Milan, an Italian club * SC Internacional, a Brazilian club * Inter Miami CF, an American club * Inter Playa del Carmen, a Mexican club * FC Inter Sibiu, a Romanian club * FC Inter Turku, ...

", between + "

mamma Mama(s) or Mamma or Momma may refer to: Roles *Mother, a female parent *Mama-san, in Japan and East Asia, a woman in a position of authority *Maternal uncle, in some parts of South Asia Places *Mama, Russia, an urban-type settlement in the Mamsk ...

", breasts + " ry", place) means something that is located or performed between the breasts (example: intermammary intercourse). "Sulcus" is a Latin word that means a furrow or groove, commonly used to mean a fold, fissure or furrow of the brain (example:

lateral sulcus The lateral sulcus (or lateral fissure, also called Sylvian fissure, after Franciscus Sylvius) is the most prominent sulcus (neuroanatomy), sulcus of each cerebral hemisphere in the human brain. The lateral sulcus (neuroanatomy), sulcus is a deep ...

). In popular usage the area is commonly referred to as a cleavage of breasts. In surgical parlance, the cleavage or intermammary cleft is also known as the "medial definition" or "medial fold" of breasts. An imaginary line between the nipples that crosses the intermammary cleft, serving as a landmark for some

CPR Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure used during cardiac or respiratory arrest that involves chest compressions, often combined with artificial ventilation, to preserve brain function and maintain circulation until sp ...

procedures, is known as the "intermammary line".

Anatomy

Skin

At the midline of the breast—the intermammary cleft—a deep layer of

superficial fascia A fascia (; : fasciae or fascias; adjective fascial; ) is a generic term for macroscopic membranous bodily structures. Fasciae are classified as superficial, visceral or deep, and further designated according to their anatomical location. Th ...

(lowermost layer of the skin) is firmly attached to the

pectoral fascia The pectoral fascia is a thin lamina, covering the surface of the pectoralis major, and sending numerous prolongations between its fasciculi: it is attached, in the middle line, to the front of the sternum; above, to the clavicle; laterally and be ...

(outer side of chest muscles) and the periosteum (bone membrane) of the sternum. It forms a shelving edge that supports the breasts.

Muscles

The

sternalis muscle The rectus sternalis muscle is an anatomical variation that lies in front of the sternal end of the pectoralis major parallel to the margin of the sternum. The sternalis muscle may be a variation of the pectoralis major or of the rectus abdominis ...

is an

anatomical variation An anatomical variation, anatomical variant, or anatomical variability is a presentation of body structure with Morphology (biology), morphological features different from those that are typically described in the majority of individuals. Anatomica ...

that lies in front of the sternal end of the pectoralis major runs along the anterior aspect of the body of the sternum. The sternalis muscle often originates from the upper part of the sternum and can display varying insertions such as the

, lower ribs,

costal cartilage Costal cartilage, also known as rib cartilage, are bars of hyaline cartilage that serve to prolong the ribs forward and contribute to the elasticity of the walls of the thorax. Costal cartilage is only found at the anterior ends of the ribs, pr ...

rectus sheath The rectus sheath (also called the rectus fascia.) is a tough fibrous compartment formed by the aponeuroses of the transverse abdominal, transverse abdominal muscle, and the internal oblique, internal and external oblique muscles. It contains the ...

, aponeurosis of the

abdominal external oblique muscle The abdominal external oblique muscle (also external oblique muscle or exterior oblique) is the largest and outermost of the three flat Abdomen#Muscles, abdominal muscles of the lateral anterior abdomen. Structure The external oblique is situat ...

. There is still a great deal of disagreement about its

innervation A nerve is an enclosed, cable-like bundle of nerve fibers (called axons). Nerves have historically been considered the basic units of the peripheral nervous system. A nerve provides a common pathway for the electrochemical nerve impulses called ...

and its embryonic origin. The sternal side (towards the breastbone) of the pectoralis major is distinct from the clavicular side (towards the collarbone), and the two are separated by a fascial interval. The sternal side is usually more robust and has a fiber orientation that best emulates the downward pull of the

subscapularis muscle The subscapularis is a large triangular muscle which fills the subscapular fossa and inserts into the lesser tubercle of the humerus and the front of the capsule of the shoulder-joint. Structure The subscapularis is covered by a dense fasci ...

(armpit muscle).

Ligaments

A dense structure of Cooper's ligaments is medially inserted into the skin overlying the sternum, determining the shape of the breasts and intermammary sulcus. These ligaments helpful in supporting the breasts in an youthful disposition; loss of elasticity or attenuation of these ligaments results in ptosis (sagging) of breasts. Intermammary sulcus anatomy

Arteries

Major blood supply in the area happens through the intermammary artery (also known as the

internal thoracic artery The internal thoracic artery (ITA), also known as the internal mammary artery, is an artery that supplies the anterior chest wall and the breasts. It is a paired artery, with one running along each side of the sternum, to continue after its bifurc ...

) in the

thoracic cavity The thoracic cavity (or chest cavity) is the chamber of the body of vertebrates that is protected by the thoracic wall (rib cage and associated skin, muscle, and fascia). The central compartment of the thoracic cavity is the mediastinum. Ther ...

.Ruth A. Lawrence MD and Robert M. Lawrence, MD, ''Breastfeeding: A Guide for the Medical Profession'' page 47, Elsevier Health Sciences, 2015, Among women, this artery is larger.Rebecca F. Black, ''The Science of Breastfeeding'' (Volume 3), page 13, Jones & Bartlett Learning, 1998, From which anterior perforating branches carry blood into the circummammary arterial plexus, a vascular network formed by branches between minute arteries around the breasts, with lateral mammary branches curving around the lateral border of the pectoralis major.

Lymphs

Lymph vessel The lymphatic vessels (or lymph vessels or lymphatics) are thin-walled vessels (tubes), structured like blood vessels, that carry lymph. As part of the lymphatic system, lymph vessels are complementary to the cardiovascular system. Lymph vessel ...

s originating at the base of the nipples can

ventral Standard anatomical terms of location are used to describe unambiguously the anatomy of humans and other animals. The terms, typically derived from Latin or Greek roots, describe something in its standard anatomical position. This position prov ...

ly extend as far as the intermammary cleft and to the opposite breast. The intermammary lymphatics begin as a bunch of small channels consisting of a single layer of

epithelium Epithelium or epithelial tissue is a thin, continuous, protective layer of cells with little extracellular matrix. An example is the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. Epithelial ( mesothelial) tissues line the outer surfaces of man ...

that is supported by stroma tissues. Each mesh of this network surrounds one or more of the ultimate

lobule In anatomy, a lobe is a clear anatomical division or extension of an organ (as seen for example in the brain, lung, liver, or kidney) that can be determined without the use of a microscope at the gross anatomy level. This is in contrast to the mu ...

s of the glands and receives its

lymph Lymph () is the fluid that flows through the lymphatic system, a system composed of lymph vessels (channels) and intervening lymph nodes whose function, like the venous system, is to return fluid from the tissues to be recirculated. At the ori ...

from the interacinous spaces between the

acini An acinus (; : acini; adjective, acinar or acinous) refers to any cluster of cells that resembles a many-lobed "berry", such as a raspberry (''acinus'' is Latin for "berry"). The berry-shaped termination of an exocrine gland, where the secret ...

of glands.

Nerves

The first intercostal nerve, a tiny branch ('' ramus'') of the anterior division of the first

thoracic nerve A spinal nerve is a mixed nerve, which carries motor, sensory, and autonomic signals between the spinal cord and the body. In the human body there are 31 pairs of spinal nerves, one on each side of the vertebral column. These are grouped into th ...

, runs along the first

intercostal space The intercostal space (ICS) is the anatomic space between two ribs (Lat. costa). Since there are 12 ribs on each side, there are 11 intercostal spaces, each numbered for the rib superior to it. Structures in intercostal space * several kind ...

(the lower margin of the first rib), travels towards the sternum to innervate the skin near the midline, and, as the first anterior cutaneous (skin) branch of the

thorax The thorax (: thoraces or thoraxes) or chest is a part of the anatomy of mammals and other tetrapod animals located between the neck and the abdomen. In insects, crustaceans, and the extinct trilobites, the thorax is one of the three main di ...

, ends on the front of the chest. The nerve supply to sternalis muscles comes from the right third intercostal nerve through its anterior cutaneous branch.

Clinical conditions

Poikiloderma of Civatte

Poikiloderma of Civatte, a condition of dilated blood vessels and red to red-brown spots, is common to upper part of the cleavage, especially for those who wear

sports bra A sports bra is a bra that provides support to the breasts during physical exercise. Sturdier than typical bras, they minimize breast movement and alleviate discomfort. Many women wear sports bras to reduce pain and physical discomfort ca ...

s or

push-up bra There are many brassiere designs suitable for a wide variety of business and social settings and suitable to wear with a variety of outer clothing. The bra's shape, coverage, functionality, fit, fashion, fabric, and color can vary widely. Some ...

s for prolonged periods, and commonly affects fair skinned middle-aged to elderly women.Daphne Merkin,
The Great Divide
, ''New York Times'', August 28, 2005 It is characterized by

hypopigmentation Hypopigmentation is characterized specifically as an area of Human skin, skin becoming lighter than the baseline skin color, but not completely devoid of skin pigment, pigment. This is not to be confused with depigmentation, which is characterize ...

hyperpigmentation Hyperpigmentation, also known as the dark spots or circles on the skin, is the darkening of an area of Human skin, skin or nail (anatomy), nails caused by increased melanin. Causes Hyperpigmentation can be caused by sun damage, inflammation, or ...

telangiectasias Telangiectasias (), also known as spider veins, are small dilated blood vessels that can occur near the surface of the skin or mucous membranes, measuring between 0.5 and 1 millimeter in diameter. These dilated blood vessels can develop anywhere ...

and superficial skin atrophy (occasional itching is reported), is another condition caused by long exposure to sunlight. Poikiloderma and dermatoheliosis are treated by

desquamation Desquamation, or peeling skin, is the shedding of dead cells from the outermost layer of skin. The term is . Physiologic desquamation Keratinocytes are the predominant cells of the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. Living keratin ...

(skin peeling).

Hidradenitis suppurativa

Hidradenitis suppurativa Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), sometimes known as acne inversa or Verneuil's disease, is a long-term dermatological condition characterized by the occurrence of inflamed and swollen lesions, lumps. These are typically painful and break open, r ...

(HS) is a non-contagious chronic

skin disease A skin condition, also known as cutaneous condition, is any medical condition that affects the integumentary system—the organ system that encloses the body and includes skin, Nail (anatomy), nails, and related muscle and glands. The major funct ...

affects

intertriginous In medicine, an intertriginous area is where two skin areas may touch or rub together. Examples of intertriginous areas are the axilla of the arm, the anogenital region, skin folds of the breasts and between digits. Intertriginous areas are know ...

skin of

apocrine sweat gland An apocrine sweat gland (; from Greek ''apo'' 'away' and ''krinein'' 'to separate') is composed of a coiled secretory portion located at the junction of the dermis and subcutaneous fat, from which a straight portion inserts and secretes into th ...

bearing areas like

inframammary fold In human anatomy, the inframammary fold (IMF), inframammary crease or inframammary line is the natural lower boundary of the breast; the place where the breast and the chest meet. The choice of the term depends on the prominence of the feature. I ...

, and intermammary sulcus. It is characterized by clusters of

abscess An abscess is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the body, usually caused by bacterial infection. Signs and symptoms of abscesses include redness, pain, warmth, and swelling. The swelling may feel fluid-filled when pre ...

es, epidermoid cysts, sebaceous cysts,

pilonidal cyst Pilonidal disease is a type of skin infection that typically occurs as a cyst between the cheeks of the buttocks and often at the upper end. Symptoms may include pain, swelling, and redness. There may also be drainage of fluid, but rarely a feve ...

s.Faye Lyons,
Dermatology for the Advanced Practice Nurse
', pages 118–121, Springer Publishing Company, 2014, There is no single effective treatment for HS. The recommended treatments include

antibiotic An antibiotic is a type of antimicrobial substance active against bacteria. It is the most important type of antibacterial agent for fighting pathogenic bacteria, bacterial infections, and antibiotic medications are widely used in the therapy ...

antiandrogen Antiandrogens, also known as androgen antagonists or testosterone blockers, are a class of drugs that prevent androgens like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) from mediating their biological effects in the body. They act by blocking t ...

corticosteroid Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex of vertebrates, as well as the synthetic analogues of these hormones. Two main classes of corticosteroids, glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, are invo ...

ciclosporin Ciclosporin, also spelled cyclosporine and cyclosporin, is a calcineurin inhibitor, used as an immunosuppressant medication. It is taken Oral administration, orally or intravenously for rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, Crohn's disease, nephr ...

s, and

TNF inhibitor Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), formerly known as TNF-α, is a chemical messenger produced by the immune system that induces inflammation. TNF is produced primarily by activated macrophages, and induces inflammation by binding to its receptors o ...

Tinea versicolor

Tinea versicolor Tinea versicolor (also pityriasis versicolor) is a condition characterized by a skin eruption on the trunk and proximal extremities. The majority of tinea versicolor is caused by the fungus '' Malassezia globosa'', although '' Malassezia furfur' ...

is a condition characterized by pinhead to coin sized eruptions on the body trunk and proximal extremities, often affecting the breast cleavage as a narrow band of lesions. The majority of tinea versicolor is caused by the fungus '' Malassezia globosa'', although ''

Malassezia furfur ''Malassezia furfur'' (formerly known as ''Pityrosporum ovale'') is a species of yeast (a type of fungus) that is naturally found on the skin surfaces of humans and some other mammals. It is associated with a variety of dermatological conditions ...

'' is responsible for a small number of cases.

Topical A topical medication is a medication that is applied to a particular place on or in the body. Most often topical medication means application to body surfaces such as the skin or mucous membranes to treat ailments via a large range of classes ...

antifungal medications An antifungal medication, also known as an antimycotic medication, is a pharmaceutical fungicide or fungistatic used to treat and prevent mycosis such as athlete's foot, ringworm, candidiasis (thrush), serious systemic infections such as cry ...

containing selenium sulfide are often recommended to treat tinea versicolor.

Psoriasis

Intermammary cleft can get attacked by plaque type

psoriasis Psoriasis is a long-lasting, noncontagious autoimmune disease characterized by patches of abnormal skin. These areas are red, pink, or purple, dry, itchy, and scaly. Psoriasis varies in severity from small localized patches to complete b ...

, which can in turn can cause

erythematosus Lupus, formally called systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), is an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue in many parts of the body. Symptoms vary among people and may be mild to severe. Common ...

Prurigo pigmentosa Prurigo pigmentosa is a rare skin condition of unknown cause, characterized by the sudden onset of erythematous papules that leave a reticulated hyperpigmentation when they heal. The condition has been associated with a strict ketogenic diet in cas ...

is a rare skin condition of unknown cause that affects depressed places on chest and back like the intermammary area. It is characterized by the sudden onset of

erythematous Erythema (, ) is redness of the skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. It occurs with any skin injury, infection, or inflammation. Examples of erythema not associated with pathology incl ...

papule A papule is a small, well-defined bump in the skin lesion, skin. It may have a rounded, pointed or flat top, and may have a umbilication, dip. It can appear with a Peduncle (anatomy), stalk, be thread-like or look warty. It can be soft or firm a ...

s that leave a reticulated hyperpigmentation when they heal.James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). ''Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology''. (10th ed.). page 57, Saunders. . Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis, characterized by asymptomatic, small, red to brown, slightly verrucous papules occurs on upper torso, the cleavage area and back. Granular

parakeratosis Parakeratosis is a mode of keratinization characterized by the retention of nuclei in the stratum corneum. In mucous membranes, parakeratosis is normal.Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Abbas, Abul (2010) ''Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease ...

, though mostly an ailment of the armpit area, is also found on the cleavage.

Hirsutism

Most women have an increase of hair as they grow older, but some gets more hair on their cleavage, face and elsewhere because of

hirsutism Hirsutism is excessive body hair on parts of the body where hair is normally absent or minimal. The word is from early 17th century: from Latin ''hirsutus'' meaning "hairy". It usually refers to a male pattern of hair growth in a female that ma ...

, often as a result of

polycystic ovary syndrome Polycystic ovary syndrome, or polycystic ovarian syndrome, (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. The name is a misnomer, as not all women with this condition develop cysts on their ovaries. The name origin ...

. The hair on the cleavage is upsetting for many women. There are two ways to remove the hair — temporary (i.e. shaving, waxing, plucking, hair removal creams or bleaching) and permanent (electrolysis or laser hair removal. Contraceptive pills also help.

Symmastia

Symmastia is a condition defined as a confluence of the breast tissue of both

breasts The breasts are two prominences located on the upper ventral region of the torso among humans and other primates. Both sexes develop breasts from the same embryology, embryological tissues. The relative size and development of the breasts is ...

across the intermammary cleft that normally divides them. It can be surgically corrected by a plastic surgeon through symmastia revision. Symmastia can either be a

congenital A birth defect is an abnormal condition that is present at childbirth, birth, regardless of its cause. Birth defects may result in disability, disabilities that may be physical disability, physical, intellectual disability, intellectual, or dev ...

anomaly or

iatrogenic Iatrogenesis is the causation of a disease, a harmful complication, or other ill effect by any medical activity, including diagnosis, intervention, error, or negligence." Iatrogenic", ''Merriam-Webster.com'', Merriam-Webster, Inc., accessed 27 ...

. Congenital symmastia is a rare condition with few published cases. Iatrogenic symmastia may occur following

breast augmentation In medicine, breast augmentation and augmentation mammoplasty are terms that describe a cosmetic surgery procedure that uses either a Breast implant, breast implant or a fat-graft to realise a mammoplasty to increase the size, change the shape ...

, forming what is also colloquially referred to as a "uniboob" or "breadloafing" as a result of the release of skin and muscle tissue around the sternum due to over-dissection.

In alternative medicine

The cleavage area is special in

Ayurvedic Ayurveda (; ) is an alternative medicine system with historical roots in the Indian subcontinent. It is heavily practised throughout India and Nepal, where as much as 80% of the population report using ayurveda. The theory and practice of ayur ...

and

Yogic Yoga (UK: , US: ; 'yoga' ; ) is a group of physical, mental, and spiritual practices or disciplines that originated with its own philosophy in ancient India, aimed at controlling body and mind to attain various salvation goals, as pra ...

philosophy as the fourth

chakra A chakra (; ; ) is one of the various focal points used in a variety of ancient meditation practices, collectively denominated as Tantra, part of the inner traditions of Hinduism and Buddhism. The concept of the chakra arose in Hinduism. B ...

' or '' anahata chakra'' (अनाहत meaning "unstruck" in

Sanskrit Sanskrit (; stem form ; nominal singular , ,) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in northwest South Asia after its predecessor languages had Trans-cultural ...

, the heart chakra) supposedly lies at the level of the depression in the sternum.Swami Rama, ''The Royal Path: Practical Lessons on Yoga'', page 82, Himalayan Institute Press, 1998, The astral anahata chakra supposedly lies between the breasts, just inside the front of the chest level with the nipples.Swami Satyananda Saraswati, ''Meditations from the Tantras'', page 37, Bihar School of Yoga, 1974, According to '' Yogashikha Upanishad'', the sacred text on yoga, 101 ''

nadis () is a term for the channels through which, in traditional Indian medicine and spiritual theory, the energies such as prana of the human body, physical body, the subtle body and the causal body are said to flow. Within this philosophical framew ...

'' (energy channels) connect the anahata chakra with the rest of the body, including ''ida'', ''pingala'' and ''shushumna'', the three major nadis. According to yoga philosophy, the ''

kundalini In Hinduism, kundalini (, ) is a form of divine feminine energy (or ''Shakti'') believed to be located at the base of the spine, in the '' muladhara''. It is an important concept in Śhaiva Tantra, where it is believed to be a force or power ...

'' ''

shakti Shakti (Devanagari: शक्ति, IAST: Śakti; 'energy, ability, strength, effort, power, might, capability') in Hinduism, is the "Universal Power" that underlies and sustains all existence. Conceived as feminine in essence, Shakti refer ...

'' (the feminine energy) rises from the ''

muladhara chakra Muladhara ( or मूलाधारा; IAST: , lit. ''"root of Existence." Mula'' means root and ''dhara'' means flux.) or the root chakra is one of the seven primary chakras according to Hindu tantrism. It is symbolized by a lotus with ...

'' (root chakra) in the pelvic area to reach the cleavage area, a fundamental center for growth of a human being, where at the anahata chakra it is expressed as love, hate and fear. In the cleavage area, according to yoga philosophy, lies the yogic heart of a person, not the heart of flesh, that serves as the bridge between the three lower chakras and the three higher chakras, and when the kundalini remains in the Anahata Chakra, a person is inclined to good and noble desires, thoughts and acts. According to

Traditional Chinese medicine Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an alternative medicine, alternative medical practice drawn from traditional medicine in China. A large share of its claims are pseudoscientific, with the majority of treatments having no robust evidence ...

(TCM), ''shan zhong'' ( Ren-17, 膻中; dan jung, 단중 in Korean) is the

acupoint Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine and a component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in which thin needles are inserted into the body. Acupuncture is a pseudoscience; the theories and practices of TCM are not based on scientifi ...

that lies at the intersection of the mid sternal line and a line connecting the nipples. The name ''shan zhong'' refers to its location at the center of the chest, seated on an "altar" (i.e. the sternum ) or a "place of worship". It was described by

Lingshu Jing ''Lingshu Jing'' (), also known as ''Divine Pivot'', ''Spiritual Pivot'', or ''Numinous Pivot'', is an ancient Chinese medical text whose earliest version was probably compiled in the 1st century BCE on the basis of earlier texts. It is one of two ...

, the Divine Pivot as the location of the

pericardium The pericardium (: pericardia), also called pericardial sac, is a double-walled sac containing the heart and the roots of the great vessels. It has two layers, an outer layer made of strong inelastic connective tissue (fibrous pericardium), ...

. It also is the focal point for regulate the flow of '' qi'', the vital force of any living entity, in the entire body, especially in the chest and breasts.Ji Zhang, Baixiao Zhao and Lixing Lao, ''Acupuncture and Moxibustion'', page 252, PMPH-USA, 2014, Honora Lee Wolfe, Bob Flaws, ''Better Breast Health Naturally with Chinese Medicine'' page 120, Blue Poppy Enterprises, Inc., 1998, It also helps to provide emotional relief and calm the spirit.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cleavage (Breasts) Breast Human appearance