Ibrahim Mohammad Jahfar
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Ibrahim bin Mohammad Jahfar (27 September 1902 – 19 February 1971) was an aristocrat, civil servant and magistrate. He was the first Malay to hold Brunei's highest executive position, serving as state secretary from 1941 to 1945. He also served as private secretary to
Sultan Sultan (; ', ) is a position with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", derived from the verbal noun ', meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it came to be use ...
Omar Ali Saifuddien III Omar Ali Saifuddien Sa'adul Khairi Waddien (Jawi script, Jawi: ; 23 September 1914 – 7 September 1986) was the 28th Sultan of Brunei, reigning from 1950 until his abdication in 1967 to his oldest son, Hassanal Bolkiah. Over the course of his ...
from 1951 to 1959 and as the country's first (
chief minister A chief minister is an elected or appointed head of government of – in most instances – a sub-national entity, for instance an administrative subdivision or federal constituent entity. Examples include a state (and sometimes a union ter ...
) from 1959 to 1962. Furthermore, he was appointed speaker of the Legislative Council of Brunei (LegCo) in 1963, a position he held until his death in 1971. Ibrahim's contributions during the
Pacific War The Pacific War, sometimes called the Asia–Pacific War or the Pacific Theatre, was the Theater (warfare), theatre of World War II fought between the Empire of Japan and the Allies of World War II, Allies in East Asia, East and Southeast As ...
were significant, especially in preventing the British and Japanese governments from undermining each other. As state secretary under Japanese occupation, he understood Japan's tactics and worked to protect Brunei from falling under British control. He played a crucial role in safeguarding vital documents, preventing Japan from destroying them in a time of desperation. Ibrahim also protected many innocent lives from becoming victims of Japanese executions. According to
British Resident A resident minister, or resident for short, is a government official required to take up permanent residence in another country. A representative of his government, he officially has diplomatic functions which are often seen as a form of in ...
John Peel John Robert Parker Ravenscroft (30 August 1939 – 25 October 2004), better known as John Peel, was an English radio presenter and journalist. He was the longest-serving of the original disc jockeys on BBC Radio 1, broadcasting regularly from ...
in 1947, Ibrahim's foresight and timely actions preserved important government documents, greatly aiding Brunei's post-war recovery and civil government restoration. He was also a key figure during the negotiations for Brunei's 1959 constitution.


Early life and education

Ibrahim bin Mohammad Jahfar was born in
Labuan Labuan (), officially the Federal Territory of Labuan (), is an island federal territory of Malaysia. It includes and six smaller islands off the coast of the state of Sabah in East Malaysia. Labuan's capital is Victoria, which is best kno ...
on 27 September 1902 into a family with Malay, Chinese, and Indian heritage. His father, Mohammad Jahfar (also known as
Tengku The Malay language has a complex system of styles, titles and honorifics which are used extensively in Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia and Singapore. Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, few provinces in the Philippines and several provinces in Indonesia ...
Mohd Jahfar), was the son of Tengku Mohd. Saat, who had settled in
Penang Penang is a Malaysian state located on the northwest coast of Peninsular Malaysia along the Strait of Malacca. It has two parts: Penang Island, where the capital city, George Town, is located, and Seberang Perai on the Malay Peninsula. Th ...
and became a successful businessman, relinquishing his royal title. Mohd. Jahfar married Siti Rafeah binti Laut in the 1890s, and they had four children: Norsiah, Ismail, Ibrahim, and Che Sariba (Habibi). His mother's father, Laut, was of
Riau Riau (Jawi script, Jawi: ) is a Provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia. It is located on the central eastern coast of the island of Sumatra, and extends from the eastern slopes of the Barisan Mountains to the Malacca Strait, including s ...
descent and worked as a surveyor after moving to Labuan in the 1870s, while her mother, Mariam, was of
Madras Chennai, also known as Madras ( its official name until 1996), is the capital and largest city of Tamil Nadu, the southernmost state of India. It is located on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal. According to the 2011 Indian ce ...
descent. Ibrahim's family lineage traces back to Tengku Merandeh, who was linked to Johor's royal family, though the exact connection remains unclear. His father, Mohd. Jahfar, taught him to read and write, encouraged him to study English at home, and nurtured his love for books, especially history. While working at Kebun Lumada as a clerk and store supervisor, he took English lessons from A. V. Lingam, a
Jaffna Jaffna (, ; , ) is the capital city of the Northern Province, Sri Lanka, Northern Province of Sri Lanka. It is the administrative headquarters of the Jaffna District located on a Jaffna Peninsula, peninsula of the same name. With a population o ...
descendant. He later worked as a dresser for six months before moving to Kebun Sapong, where he continued learning English. In early 1914, he relocated to
Jesselton Kota Kinabalu (; formerly known as Jesselton), colloquially referred to as KK, is the state capital of Sabah, Malaysia. It is also the capital of the Kota Kinabalu District as well as the West Coast Division of Sabah. The city is located on th ...
and
Kinarut Kinarut is a town in the state of Sabah, Malaysia. It is located about 20 kilometres south of the state capital, Kota Kinabalu, and Kinarut railway station is one of the stops on the Sabah State Railway. Kinarut is under the administration of th ...
with his cousin Md. Ariff before following his uncle, Abdul Razak, to Labuan in April 1914. There, he attended S.P.G. English School for two years, completing standard V. His academic success earned him a $90 scholarship from a Chinese merchant, Chee Swee Cheng, and additional prizes from Geoffrey Cator, the British Resident of Labuan.


Career


Early career

Ibrahim was stationed at Kebun Lumada, where he worked as a clerk, documenting the workers' daily tasks and managing the store. He also seized the opportunity to learn English from A. V. Lingam. Following this, he worked as a dresser for six months and, in June 1917, accompanied Geoffrey Cator, the British Resident of Labuan, to Brunei. He then trained in the finance department before transferring to the customs department, where he served as a clerk until January 1918. His work caught the attention of Cator, who recognised his intelligence and proficiency in English. As a result, on 27 January 1918, Ibrahim was sent to
Singapore Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, is an island country and city-state in Southeast Asia. The country's territory comprises one main island, 63 satellite islands and islets, and one outlying islet. It is about one degree ...
for further training. He sailed on the "''Selangor''" and arrived in Singapore on 4 February 1918, where he trained at the
Auditor-General's Office The Auditor-General's Office (AGO) is an organ of state and Singapore's national auditor. The President is empowered under the Constitution to appoint the Auditor-General in accordance with the advice of the Prime Minister. The Audit Act 1966 ...
for a year. After completing his training, he returned to Brunei on 6 December 1918. Upon his return, he was appointed assistant clerk in the Brunei postal services until 31 December 1918. On 1 January 1919, he was promoted to clerk of correspondence at the British Resident and Land Office. From March to April 1922, he led a delegation to Singapore to represent Brunei at the Borneo and Malaya Exhibition. On 1 May 1923, Ibrahim was appointed as a government visitor, although the exact nature of the role is unclear. On 1 November 1928, his appointment as a rubber inspector was cancelled, but he continued as a senior administrative officer at the British Resident's Office. On 28 March 1930, he became assistant land revenue collector, and in January 1932, he was appointed class I administrative officer. On 22 June 1932, he became magistrate for the Brunei and Muara Districts (modern-day
Brunei–Muara District Brunei–Muara District (; Jawi script, Jawi: دايره بروني موارا), or simply known as Brunei–Muara ('), is the smallest as well as the most populated districts of Brunei, district in Brunei. It has an area of and the population ...
). After the retirement of Pengiran Anak Hashim on 10 July 1932, Ibrahim replaced him as district officer for Brunei and Muara until 1 January 1936. Following this, he became the private secretary to British Resident
Roland Evelyn Turnbull Sir Roland Evelyn Turnbull (9 June 1905 – 23 December 1960) was a British colonial official and governor of British North Borneo. His major influence is mentoring Brunei's former ruler, Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III. He stated that in 1959 t ...
.


Japanese occupation of Brunei

His father, Mohd Jahfar, died at his home on Jalan Stoney, Kampong Sumbiling, in
Brunei Town Bandar Seri Begawan (BSB) is the capital and largest city of Brunei. It is officially a municipal area () with an area of and an estimated population of 100,700 as of 2007. It is part of Brunei–Muara District, the smallest yet most populous ...
on Wednesday, 19 February 1941, at 3:40 pm. Following the Japanese invasion in December 1941, Ibrahim was appointed as the chief administrative officer. With the consent of Sultan
Ahmad Tajuddin Ahmad Tajuddin Akhazul Khairi Waddien (22 August 1913 – 4 June 1950) was the 27th Sultan of Brunei from 1924 until his death in 1950. He was succeeded by his younger brother Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III. Ahmad Tajuddin has been disregarde ...
, Brunei and northern Borneo were placed under the Japanese military rule. Ibrahim played a crucial role in maintaining administrative operations, working closely with local civil servants to facilitate a smooth transition, while most European officials, including the British Resident, were interned at the Batu Lintang camp in
Kuching Kuching ( , ), officially the City of Kuching, is the capital and the most populous city in the States and federal territories of Malaysia, state of Sarawak in Malaysia. It is also the capital of Kuching Division. The city is on the Sarawak Ri ...
. On 28 April 1942, Ibrahim was appointed to the
State Council State Council may refer to: Government * State Council of the People's Republic of China, the national cabinet and chief administrative authority of China, headed by the Premier * State Council of the Republic of Korea, the national cabinet of S ...
, becoming the first Malay to hold the highest executive position since the British Resident's rule when he was named state secretary. In this role, he assumed all the duties of the British Resident, overseeing the council, which remained under Japanese control. While the council was nominally in charge of Brunei during the occupation, the Japanese provincial governor, similar to the British Resident, closely monitored his activities. Ibrahim took crucial steps to protect important records, such as council papers and land grants, which were at risk of being destroyed by both British and Japanese forces. Although comprehensive historical materials from this period are scarce, his efforts played a significant role in preserving vital records. Ibrahim willingly accepted the consequences of his defiance, saving the Land Grant Registration Book and other documents that the authorities had ordered to be burned. He concealed them in a secret location and later handed them over securely to the government after the liberation of Brunei. Ibrahim often had to make difficult decisions to protect the people of Brunei, even when it meant opposing Japanese orders to prevent harm to the local population. Despite the lack of clear regulations under Japanese rule, he continued his duties with unwavering principles, much like during his time under the British Resident, earning respect from some Japanese officers. He was frequently consulted for solutions to challenges, as he believed Japanese orders should be followed in emergencies but harmful ones should be avoided, given their lack of knowledge of Brunei. His actions left a lasting impact, particularly on those spared from Japanese cruelty. Ibrahim became a key figure for local officials, mentoring them on administration and legal matters, including Prince Omar Ali Saifuddien, who studied criminal and civil law under his guidance. Ibrahim's dedication to his duties was recognised by Japanese officers after he met with them in Lumapas. Rumours of his death spread, possibly to prevent further action by the Japanese, but the
Australian Army The Australian Army is the principal Army, land warfare force of Australia. It is a part of the Australian Defence Force (ADF), along with the Royal Australian Navy and the Royal Australian Air Force. The Army is commanded by the Chief of Army ...
had already landed in Muara on 10 June 1945. On 11 June, he heard cannon fire while in Lumapas and met with
Kiyotake Kawaguchi was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II. Biography A native of Kōchi Prefecture, Kiyotake graduated from the 26th class of the Imperial Japanese Army Academy in 1914, and from the 34th class of the Army Staff College i ...
and Tamaki, who informed him of a planned relocation to Limbang. He requested a delay due to his health and family's illness. After receiving provisions, he returned to Brunei, stopping along the way and arriving home at 9 p.m. Despite his poor health, he assisted the Australians, being the first called for discussions due to his deep knowledge of Brunei's affairs. However, he retired in 1946 due to his health, spending time recuperating. He started a business supplying goods to
British Malayan Petroleum Company Brunei Shell Petroleum (BSP) is a joint venture between the Royal Dutch/Shell Group and government of Brunei, primarily responsible for the exploration and production of oil and liquefied natural gas (LNG). Originally known as the British Mala ...
in
Seria Seria or officially known as Seria Town (), is a town in Belait District, Brunei. It is located about west from the country's capital Bandar Seri Begawan. The total population was 3,625 in 2016. It was where oil was first struck in Brunei i ...
. Though his business grew, it did not yield large profits due to his honest approach. Despite being viewed as a businessman, he continued to be consulted by the British Resident for his expertise in administrative matters.


Private secretary and the constitution

After Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin III ascended to the throne on 4 June 1950, following the passing of his brother Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin, he appointed Ibrahim as his private secretary. Ibrahim gladly accepted, putting an end to his business ventures as he was committed to fully dedicating himself to any task he undertook. In 1951, following his receipt of the title , Ibrahim accompanied the sultan on the
hajj Hajj (; ; also spelled Hadj, Haj or Haji) is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the holiest city for Muslims. Hajj is a mandatory religious duty for capable Muslims that must be carried out at least once in their lifetim ...
pilgrimage. During this time, he played a crucial role in defusing a diplomatic incident when the sultan, in an interview with the ''
Singapore Straits Times ''The Straits Times'' (also known informally by its abbreviation ''ST'') is a Singaporean daily English-language newspaper owned by the SPH Media Trust. Established on 15 July 1845, it is the most-widely circulated newspaper in the country and ...
'', inadvertently renewed Brunei's claim to Limbang and
Labuan Island Labuan (), officially the Federal Territory of Labuan (), is an island federal territory of Malaysia. It includes and six smaller islands off the coast of the state of Sabah in East Malaysia. Labuan's capital is Victoria, which is best kno ...
. This sparked tensions with
Sarawak Sarawak ( , ) is a States and federal territories of Malaysia, state of Malaysia. It is the largest among the 13 states, with an area almost equal to that of Peninsular Malaysia. Sarawak is located in East Malaysia in northwest Borneo, and is ...
and
North Borneo North Borneo (usually known as British North Borneo, also known as the State of North Borneo) was a British Protectorate, British protectorate in the northern part of the island of Borneo, (present-day Sabah). The territory of North Borneo wa ...
, but Ibrahim took responsibility for the statement, explaining that it was made solely to recount Brunei’s historical loss of the territories. His intervention helped ease the situation, with
Malcolm MacDonald Malcolm John MacDonald (17 August 1901 – 11 January 1981) was a British politician and diplomat. He was initially a Labour Party (UK), Labour Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Member of Parliament (MP), but in 1931 followed his father ...
clarifying the matter to the authorities. In February 1953, Ibrahim represented Brunei at the
Commonwealth Parliamentary Association The Commonwealth Parliamentary Association (CPA), previously known as the Empire Parliamentary Association, is an organisation which works to support good governance, democracy and human rights. In 1989 the patron of the CPA was the Head ...
meeting in Jesselton, despite Brunei not being a member. He also attended the first Sarawak–North Borneo–Brunei Conference in Kuching on 21 February 1953, aimed at improving consultation and cooperation between the three territories on common matters. As the influence of the State Council grew, Ibrahim played a key role in scrutinising British-proposed legislation, leveraging both his influence and the sultan's support to ensure the council, largely filled with the sultan's nominees, was pivotal in Brunei's political developments. A significant moment came in April 1953 when Ibrahim, as a member of the State Council and private secretary to the sultan, opposed the State Treasurer Incorporation Enactment introduced by the British administration. He argued that the enactment would grant excessive discretion to the treasurer and proposed that financial matters be debated by the sultan-in-council instead. His opposition led to the defeat of the enactment, with only the British Resident and treasurer in support, preserving the ''
status quo is a Latin phrase meaning the existing state of affairs, particularly with regard to social, economic, legal, environmental, political, religious, scientific or military issues. In the sociological sense, the ''status quo'' refers to the curren ...
''. This victory marked a turning point, positioning the council as a centre of political conflict and signalling the decline of British authority in Brunei. Later in June, he joined the sultan for the
coronation of Elizabeth II The Coronation of the British monarch, coronation of Elizabeth II as queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms took place on 2 June 1953 at Westminster Abbey in London. Elizabeth acceded to the throne at the age of 25 upon th ...
and subsequently toured Europe. Ibrahim became the interpreter in Brunei's constitutional talks, contributing significantly to the discussions. When the draft proposals were presented on 17 December 1954, he facilitated communication between the sultan, British officials, and his wazirs—including the and . He was instrumental in ensuring that everyone involved fully understood the talks and proposed amendments. In December 1955, Ibrahim was appointed head of the Select Committee formed to review the Local Councils Bill. Under his leadership, the committee proposed creating six local councils—two Urban District Councils and four Rural District Councils—for the state's six localities. Their recommendations, with a suggested implementation date of 1 July 1956, were submitted in January 1956. During the critical stages of the 1956 constitutional talks, the sultan exercised strategic restraint, keeping key decisions—including the appointment of Ibrahim as the first chief minister—closely guarded. This approach helped prevent internal strife and ensured that neither the (PRB) nor British officials could exploit the situation, allowing the constitutional process to proceed smoothly. In 1957, Ibrahim led Brunei's delegation to the ECAFE conference in
Bangkok Bangkok, officially known in Thai language, Thai as Krung Thep Maha Nakhon and colloquially as Krung Thep, is the capital and most populous city of Thailand. The city occupies in the Chao Phraya River delta in central Thailand and has an estim ...
. Later that year, in September, he accompanied the sultan to
London London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Wester ...
for talks on Brunei's constitutional proposals, which were of great significance to the negotiations with the
Colonial Office The Colonial Office was a government department of the Kingdom of Great Britain and later of the United Kingdom, first created in 1768 from the Southern Department to deal with colonial affairs in North America (particularly the Thirteen Colo ...
. His inclusion in the delegation, alongside key advisers, underscored his pivotal role in the discussions. He had also served as the chairman of the Select Committee that drafted the Local Government proposals the previous year. Ibrahim accompanied Brunei's delegation to London in 1959 for constitutional talks, which were once again headed by the sultan. As a representative of the Malay members of the State Council, he was actively involved in discussions on crucial issues, including the transition of power from the British Resident to a chief minister, nationality and election qualifications, defence, and the high commissioner's
reserve power In a parliamentary or semi-presidential system of government, a reserve power, also known as discretionary power, is a power that may be exercised by the head of state (or their representative) without the approval of another branch or part of th ...
s. Ibrahim enhanced his influence by serving as deputy chairman of the Brunei delegation during the London Conference in March 1959, working closely with other representatives and legal advisers to negotiate key constitutional matters with the Colonial Office.


Chief minister of Brunei

As the private secretary to the sultan, Ibrahim provided advice for Brunei's progress, including proposing a five-year development plan and suggesting the creation of a
written constitution Writing is the act of creating a persistent representation of language. A writing system includes a particular set of symbols called a ''script'', as well as the rules by which they encode a particular spoken language. Every written language ...
, which was officially declared on 29 September 1959. He attended the signing of the constitution and the new agreement with the United Kingdom at the
Lapau The Lapau, also known as the Royal Ceremonial Hall, is a ceremonial hall in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei. It is where the royal ceremonies, state investiture and some state events are traditionally held. It was the place where the present Sulta ...
on the same day, becoming the first to review the administrative sections of the Bruneian constitution. He was also appointed as Brunei's first chief minister after the sultan's unsuccessful search for a candidate in
Malaya Malaya refers to a number of historical and current political entities related to what is currently Peninsular Malaysia in Southeast Asia: Political entities * British Malaya (1826–1957), a loose collection of the British colony of the Straits ...
. Although not considered a "true
Brunei Malay The Brunei Malay, also called Bruneian Malay (; Jawi: ), is the most widely spoken language in Brunei Darussalam and a lingua franca in some parts of Sarawak and Sabah, such as Labuan, Limbang, Lawas, Sipitang, and Papar.Clynes, A. (2014). ...
" due to his Labuan origins, Ibrahim was favoured by the British for his extensive administrative experience, and his appointment was approved by the
Secretary of State for the Colonies The secretary of state for the colonies or colonial secretary was the Cabinet of the United Kingdom's government minister, minister in charge of managing certain parts of the British Empire. The colonial secretary never had responsibility for t ...
,
Alan Lennox-Boyd Alan Tindal Lennox-Boyd, 1st Viscount Boyd of Merton, CH, PC, DL (18 November 1904 – 8 March 1983), was a British Conservative politician. Background, education and military service Lennox-Boyd was the son of Alan Walter Lennox-Boyd by h ...
, in June 1959. However, the formal transition was delayed due to unresolved constitutional and staffing issues, and despite the constitution granting supreme power to the sultan, Ibrahim was not granted authority as chief minister. His selection, particularly alongside Wan Ahmad Umar's as state secretary, surprised many in Brunei, especially members of the sultan's constitutional delegation. Local elites resented Ibrahim's appointment, viewing it as the sultan’s attempt to choose the only "local" candidate acceptable to the British. Some members of the State Council were disappointed, as they had hoped the position would be filled by a "true Brunei Malay." This dissatisfaction was further compounded by frustration over the appointment of British and Malayan officials to other high-ranking positions. Despite the constitution granting supreme power to the sultan, he ultimately chose not to delegate authority to Ibrahim as chief minister. The Select Committee, chaired by Ibrahim was tasked with reviewing a draft bill. The committee included various government officials and members of the sultan's London constitutional delegation. In May 1960, the committee decided to consult with the parliamentary draftsman, Hugh Hickling, on the general merits and drafting arrangements of the bill. The draft was based on the nationality law of Malaya but required adjustments. After the
attorney-general In most common law jurisdictions, the attorney general (: attorneys general) or attorney-general (AG or Atty.-Gen) is the main legal advisor to the government. In some jurisdictions, attorneys general also have executive responsibility for law enf ...
's report in September 1960, the committee reviewed and revised the bill, leading to a second draft. By 1961, Ibrahim observed the sultan's growing distrust of his advisers and tendency to overturn decisions without consultation, contributing to dissatisfaction and resignations. He noted the sultan's reluctance to address governance issues, which added to the instability. On 1 July 1961, Ibrahim advised against commenting on a controversial incident to prevent unrest, but remarks by state forest officer Mohd. Yakin Haji Long escalated tensions. The PRB responded with a pamphlet criticising the appointment of "colonial" officials and condemning Yakin's suggestion of deploying a
Gurkha The Gurkhas or Gorkhas (), with the endonym Gorkhali ( Nepali: गोर्खाली ), are soldiers native to the Indian subcontinent, chiefly residing within Nepal and some parts of North India. The Gurkha units consist of Nepali and ...
unit, accusing him of revealing plans to turn Brunei into a Malayan colony. Tensions inside Brunei's government started to subside by the middle of 1961. Ibrahim had a medical leave of absence before to his retirement, and the improvement was aided by the departure of Malayan officers and the recruitment of local government servants. Personal complaints also decreased as a result of the sultan's diminished participation in daily operations. In July, the Standing Advisory Council on Defence, chaired by the sultan, met to discuss internal security, with Ibrahim absent due to his leave. Later that month, the sultan reassessed his appointments and promoted
Marsal Maun Marsal bin Maun (8 November 1913 – 2000) was a civil servant and educator. He served as deputy state secretary from 1960 to 1962 before becoming Brunei's second (chief minister) from 1962 to 1968. In 1933, Marsal founded the Brunei Darus ...
, the deputy state secretary, to acting chief minister on 1 August 1961. He also appointed his closest advisers, including Marsal and
Pengiran Muhammad Ali Pengiran Muhammad Ali bin Pengiran Haji Muhammad Daud (4 October 1916 – 16 June 2005) was a Bruneian civil servant, educator and noble politician. He served as Brunei's first Ministry of Religious Affairs (Brunei), state religious affairs of ...
, the state religious affairs officer, to represent him. Ibrahim retired on 1 August 1962 and was succeeded as chief minister by Marsal, becoming the second person to hold the position. His leave marked a shift in governance, as figures with nationalist leanings, such as Marsal,
Pengiran Muhammad Yusuf Pengiran Muhammad Yusuf bin Pengiran Haji Abdul Rahim (2 May 1923 – 11 April 2016), pen name Yura Halim, was a Bruneian civil servant, diplomat, educator and noble poet. He served as Brunei's State Secretary of Brunei, state secretary from 1 ...
, and Pengiran Ali, were appointed to key positions, signalling a change in the sultan's administration. Some of the sultan's advisers, including Marsal, were uncertain about the Malaysia Plan. Despite support from Pengiran Ali and Pengiran Yusuf, Marsal's wavering stance created tension. Reports suggested that Ibrahim might return to his post, though wiser counsel prevailed, and potential opposition from groups like the
Brunei Malay Teachers Association The Brunei Malay Teachers Association (PGGMB or ) was founded in 1937 and became a legally recognised nonprofit union with a democratic style of leadership in 1939. The founding members of PGGMB, who are also educators who have earned their de ...
, which supported Marsal, was avoided.


Speaker of the Legislative Council

Despite completing his tenure as chief minister, Ibrahim was appointed by the sultan as the speaker of the LegCo after regaining his health in June 1963, with the first session opening on 28 August. On 28 January 1965, he accompanied the sultan to London for the funeral of Sir Winston Churchill. The council was dissolved on 30 January 1965 and re-established on 31 January, with Ibrahim reappointed as speaker. He was also appointed as an unofficial member of the Privy Council and was frequently consulted by the sultan for advice on general matters, drawing on his expertise and experience as a renowned administrative expert in Brunei. Later that year, on 14 April, Ibrahim led the opening of the LegCo session at the Dewan Kemasharakatan, presiding over the session which began with a prayer. On 30 July, he led a delegation of five members from the LegCo, including Zain Serudin, to attend the
Kedah State Legislative Assembly The Kedah State Legislative Assembly () is the state legislature of the Malaysian state of Kedah. It is a unicameral institution, consisting of a total of 36 lawmakers representing single-member constituencies throughout the state. Members of t ...
session from 7 to 10 August. Then, on 20 December, Ibrahim welcomed Pengiran Muda Hashim, who opened the second session of the sixth parliamentary season, and introduced him to the council members before the session began with a procession and prayer led by the district's . On 22 December 1966, he oversaw the swearing-in of
Pengiran Anak Kemaluddin Pengiran Anak Kemaluddin (8 March 1929 – 9 January 2012) was a Bruneian noble civil servant. He served as Brunei's Ministry of Religious Affairs (Brunei), state religious affairs officer from 1962 to 1970 before becoming the speaker of the L ...
into the LegCo.


Death and funeral

Ibrahim died in the Brunei General Hospital on the morning after prayer of 19 February 1971, at the age of 68. His body was buried that afternoon at the Dagang Cemetery along Jalan Residency, now part of Kianggeh Muslim Cemetery. Among those who paid their last respects at his residence in Kilanas on the Friday morning were Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien,
British High Commissioner In the Commonwealth of Nations, a high commissioner is the senior diplomat, generally ranking as an ambassador, in charge of the diplomatic mission of one Commonwealth government to another. Instead of an embassy, the diplomatic mission is genera ...
Arthur Adair Major Arthur Robin Adair (10 February 1913 – 1981), sometimes referred to as Awang A.R. Adair, was a diplomat and formerly the British High Commissioner to Brunei. With nearly four years as High Commissioner for Brunei, he held the record fo ...
, various members of the
royal family A royal family is the immediate family of monarchs and sometimes their extended family. The term imperial family appropriately describes the family of an emperor or empress, and the term papal family describes the family of a pope, while th ...
, including Pengiran Yusuf, and senior government officials.


Personal life

Ibrahim married Dayang Saadiah binti Awang Mohd Tahir, a native of Kampong Sungai Kedayan, on 22 December 1923. Together, they had four sons: Abbas Al-Sufri (1926–2014), who served as Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III's acting personal secretary from 1959 to 1961; Anuar (born 1931); Adnin (1932–2023), a nurse-turned-entrepreneur who founded Maha Seramik and the Adinin Group of Companies, and whose son
Musa Musa may refer to: Places *Mūša, a river in Lithuania and Latvia * Musa, Azerbaijan, a village in Yardymli Rayon * Musa, Iran, a village in Ilam province, Iran * Musa, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran * Musa Kalayeh, Gilan province, Iran * Abu M ...
became a businessman and the first and only Mexican honorary consul in Brunei since 2000; and Isa (born 1935), who served as deputy chief minister from 1970 to 1972 and has been a special advisor to Sultan
Hassanal Bolkiah Hassanal Bolkiah Muiz'zaddin Wad'daulah (born 15 July 1946) is the List of sultans of Brunei, Sultan of Brunei since 1967, and Prime Minister of Brunei, prime minister of Brunei since its independence from the United Kingdom in 1984. He is one ...
since 1971, with his son
Ahmad Ahmad () is an Arabic male given name common in most parts of the Muslim world. Other English spellings of the name include Ahmed. It is also used as a surname. Etymology The word derives from the root ( ḥ-m-d), from the Arabic (), from ...
serving as Brunei's attorney general from 2020 to 2024, and his granddaughter
Anisha Rosnah Anisha Rosnah binti Adam ( Jawi: أنيسها روسنه; born 6 November 1994) is a member of the royal family of Brunei as the wife of Prince Abdul Mateen, the fourth son of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah. As a member of the Royal Family, she is k ...
marrying Prince Abdul Mateen in 2024. Ibrahim had a variety of hobbies, including playing football as a member of the Brunei Recreation Club, enjoying golf, playing the piano and violin, and in his leisure time, he liked to relax by the beach, reading magazines, photography, and occasionally having a picnic.


Titles, styles and honours


Titles and styles

On 11 May 1951, Ibrahim was honoured by Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III with the
manteri The Manteri (Minister (government), Minister or Officer) are a group of state dignitaries within the Brunei, Sultanate of Brunei whose position ranks the fourth-highest official in the country behind the List of sultans of Brunei, Sultan. There a ...
title of , bearing the
style Style, or styles may refer to: Film and television * ''Style'' (2001 film), a Hindi film starring Sharman Joshi, Riya Sen, Sahil Khan and Shilpi Mudgal * ''Style'' (2002 film), a Tamil drama film * ''Style'' (2004 film), a Burmese film * '' ...
.


Honours

Ibrahim has been bestowed the following honours: National *
Family Order of Laila Utama The Most Esteemed Family Order of Laila Utama () is the highest Order (decoration), order of Brunei. It was established on 1 March 1954 by Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III. The order carries the post-nominal letters "DK I" as well as the Malay styl ...
(DK) – ''Dato Laila Utama'' *
Order of Seri Paduka Mahkota Brunei The Most Honourable Order of Seri Paduka Mahkota Brunei (), also translated as The Most Honourable Order of the Crown of Brunei, is an Order (decoration), order of Brunei, Brunei Darussalam. It was established on 1 March 1954 by Sultan Omar Ali ...
First Class (SPMB; 23 September 1959) – ''Dato Seri Paduka'' * Order of Seri Paduka Mahkota Brunei Second Class (DPMB; 23 September 1956) – ''Dato Paduka'' *
Order of Setia Negara Brunei The Most Blessed Order of Setia Negara Brunei (), also translated as The Most Blessed Order of Loyalty to the State of Brunei, is an Order (decoration), order of Brunei, Brunei Darussalam. It was established on 29 November 1959 by Sultan Omar Al ...
Second Class (DSNB; 24 November 1960) – ''Dato Setia'' * Omar Ali Saifuddin Medal (POAS) * Meritorious Service Medal (PJK) * Omar Ali Saifuddin Coronation Medal (31 May 1951) Foreign * United Kingdom: ** Commander of the
Order of the British Empire The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry, rewarding valuable service in a wide range of useful activities. It comprises five classes of awards across both civil and military divisions, the most senior two o ...
(CBE;
1960 It is also known as the "Year of Africa" because of major events—particularly the independence of seventeen African nations—that focused global attention on the continent and intensified feelings of Pan-Africanism. Events January * Janu ...
) ** Officer of the
Order of the British Empire The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry, rewarding valuable service in a wide range of useful activities. It comprises five classes of awards across both civil and military divisions, the most senior two o ...
(OBE;
1948 Events January * January 1 ** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated. ** The current Constitutions of Constitution of Italy, Italy and of Constitution of New Jersey, New Jersey (both later subject to amendment) ...
) **
Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal The Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal () is a commemorative medal instituted to celebrate the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II on 2 June 1953. Award This medal was awarded as a personal souvenir from the Queen to members of the Royal Family ...
(2 June 1953) * Japan: **
Order of the Rising Sun The is a Japanese honors system, Japanese order, established in 1875 by Emperor Meiji. The Order was the first national decoration awarded by the Japanese government, created on 10 April 1875 by decree of the Council of State. The badge feat ...
, Gold Rays with Neck Ribbon


Things named after him

* Jalan Dato Ibrahim, a road in Bandar Seri Begawan.


Notes


References

* * * * * * * * * * * * * *


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Mohammad Jahfar, Ibrahim 1902 births 1971 deaths Government ministers of Brunei Bruneian Muslims Bruneian politicians Chief ministers of Brunei People from Labuan Speakers of Legislative Council of Brunei Commanders of the Order of the British Empire Officers of the Order of the British Empire