The 3521 Class were forty

tank locomotive A tank locomotive is a steam locomotive which carries its water in one or more on-board water tanks, instead of a more traditional tender (rail), tender. Most tank engines also have Fuel bunker, bunkers (or fuel tanks) to hold fuel; in a #Tender ...

s designed by

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to haul passenger trains on the

Great Western Railway The Great Western Railway (GWR) was a History of rail transport in Great Britain, British railway company that linked London with the southwest, west and West Midlands (region), West Midlands of England and most of Wales. It was founded in 1833, ...

. They were introduced as locomotives in 1887, but were quickly altered to become s to improve their running. Following two serious accidents they were further altered from 1899 to run as

tender locomotive A tender is a special railroad car, rail vehicle hauled by a steam locomotive containing its fuel (wood fuel, wood, coal, fuel oil, oil or torrefaction, torrefied biomass) and water. Steam locomotives consume large quantities of water compared ...

s, in which form the last was withdrawn in 1934.

Locomotives

0-4-2T standard gauge

The first twenty locomotives were turned out in 1887 as locomotives for services on the lines. * 3521 * 3522 * 3523 * 3524 * 3525 * 3526 * 3527 * 3528 * 3529 * 3530 * 3531 * 3532 * 3533 * 3534 * 3535 * 3536 * 3537 * 3538 * 3539 * 3540

0-4-2ST broad gauge

In 1888 a further batch of twenty were ordered as s for the

broad gauge A broad-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge (the distance between the rails) broader than the used by standard-gauge railways. Broad gauge of , more known as Russian gauge, is the dominant track gauge in former Soviet Union countries ...

lines in

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and

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. * 3541 (1888 - 1890) * 3542 (1888 - 1891) * 3543 (1888 - 1891) * 3544 (1888 - 1890) * 3545 (1888 - 1891) * 3546 (1888 - 1890) * 3547 (1888 - 1891) * 3548 (1888 - 1891) * 3549 (1888 - 1891) * 3550 (1888 - 1890) * 3551 (1888 - 1890) * 3552 (1888 - 1890) * 3553 (1888 - 1890) * 3554 (1889 - 1891) * 3555 (1889 - 1890) * 3556 (1889 - 1890) * 3557 (1889 - 1891) * 3558 (1889 - 1890) * 3559 (1889 - 1890)

0-4-4T broad gauge

Due to the unsteady running of the s, the last of the order, 3560, was turned out in August 1889 as a bogie side tank. The remainder of the class were altered to a similar layout over the following two years. 3560 was slightly different at this time, having a bogie that was shorter and an overall wheelbase of , rather than the of the converted locomotives. * 3541 (1890 - 1892) * 3542 (1891 - 1892) * 3544 (1890 - 1892) * 3545 (1891 - 1892) * 3546 (1890 - 1892) * 3548 (1891 - 1892) * 3549 (1891 - 1892) * 3550 (1890 - 1892) * 3551 (1890 - 1892) * 3552 (1890 - 1892) * 3553 (1890 - 1892) * 3554 (1891 - 1892) * 3555 (1890 - 1892) * 3556 (1890 - 1892) * 3557 (1891 - 1892) * 3558 (1890 - 1892) * 3559 (1890 - 1892) * 3560 (1889 - 1892)

0-4-4T standard gauge

The

standard gauge A standard-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge of . The standard gauge is also called Stephenson gauge (after George Stephenson), international gauge, UIC gauge, uniform gauge, normal gauge in Europe, and SGR in East Africa. It is the ...

s were converted to s in the same manner as the

locomotives, which were all eventually converted to standard gauge. By the end of 1892 the whole class of forty locomotives was to one standard design for the first time. * 3521 * 3522 * 3523 * 3524 * 3525 * 3526 * 3527 * 3528 * 3529 * 3530 * 3531 * 3532 * 3533 * 3534 * 3535 * 3536 * 3537 * 3538 * 3539 * 3540 * 3541 (1892 - ) * 3542 (1892 - ) * 3543 (1891 - ) * 3544 (1892 - ) * 3545 (1892 - ) * 3546 (1892 - ) * 3547 (1891 - ) * 3548 (1892 - ) * 3549 (1892 - ) * 3550 (1892 - ) * 3551 (1892 - ) * 3552 (1892 - ) * 3553 (1892 - ) * 3554 (1892 - ) * 3555 (1892 - ) * 3556 (1892 - ) * 3557 (1892 - ) * 3558 (1892 - ) * 3559 (1892 - ) * 3560 (1892 - 1899)

4-4-0 standard gauge

All forty locomotives were rebuilt as tender locomotives between 1899 and 1902. Twenty-six locos retained their parallel domed boilers while fourteen received new Standard No 3 parallel domeless boilers (later replaced by the taper barrel version of that type). (Holcroft states that twenty-six received Standard No 3 boilers.) Holcroft was of the opinion that the original inside and outside frames were modified whereas Le Fleming was of the opinion that new inside frames would have been required. However as the modification also increased the coupled wheelbase from to , it is unlikely that much of the original framing was re-used. Two locomotives, 3521 and 3546, were sold to the

Cambrian Railways The Cambrian Railways owned of Railway track, track over a large area of mid Wales. The system was an amalgamation of a number of railways that were incorporated in 1864, 1865 and 1904. The Cambrian connected with two larger railways with c ...

in August 1921 to replace locomotives destroyed in the Abermule accident. They were allocated Cambrian numbers 82 and 95 respectively but these were never carried, the two locomotives being returned to the Great Western Railway with their original numbers when the two railways were amalgamated at the start of 1922.

Accidents and incidents

*On 13 April 1895, locomotives 3536 and 3537, hauling the ''Cornishman'', exceeded the speed limit by , damaging the track. A passenger train hauled by 3521 and 3548 consequently derailed between and Bodmin Road,

. *In 1898, locomotive 3542 derailed near

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whilst hauling a mail train. The locomotive rolled down an embankment, killing the driver. The accident was caused by a combination of the condition of the track and the locomotive oscillating. Following this the whole class was rebuilt as tender locomotives.

References

* * * * * {{GWR Locomotives 3521 Broad gauge (7 feet) railway locomotives 0-4-2T locomotives 0-4-4T locomotives 4-4-0 locomotives Railway locomotives introduced in 1887 Standard-gauge steam locomotives of Great Britain Scrapped locomotives Passenger locomotives in the United Kingdom