Folk Costume

Folk costume, traditional dress, traditional attire or folk attire, is clothing of an ethnic group, nation or region, and expresses cultural, religious or national identity. An ethnic group's clothing may also be called ethnic clothing or ethnic dress. Traditional clothing includes everyday and formal wear. The word "costume" in this context is sometimes considered pejorative, as the word has more than one meaning, and thus "clothing", "dress", "attire" or "regalia" can be substituted without offense.

Following the rise of romantic nationalism in parts of Europe, pre-industrial peasantry came to serve as ideals for genuinity and desirability. Garments evoking peasant dress were made from traditional pre-industrial textiles.

In regions where Western dress styles are common, traditional garments are often worn during special events or celebrations. International events may cater to non-Western attendees with a compound dress code such as "business suit or national dress".

In some contemporary societies, traditional garments are required by sumptuary laws.

Africa

Central Africa

Cameroon

Traditional clothing in Cameroon includes the , ''kabba'', head tie (female), toghu, , kwa, and gandura (male). Dress is highly dependent on region and ethnicity.

Central African Republic

Traditional attire of the Central African Republic includes the and the .

Chad

In Chad, folk attire includes the , , and .

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Folk attire of the Democratic Republic of the Congo includes the , Liputa style of dress, and kuba cloth.

Republic of the Congo

In the Republic of the Congo, the and are part of traditional attire.

Equatorial Guinea

The '' pano'' is part of the traditional dress of Equatorial Guinea''.''

Gabon

Traditional attire of Gabon includes the , , and the Abacost suit.

São Tomé and Príncipe

The '' pano'' and are traditional attire in São Tomé and Príncipe.

East Africa

Burundi

The is traditional clothing in Burundi

Comoros

Traditional attire of the Comoros includes , ''shiromani'', '' salouva'', '' kandu'', '' bwibwi'' for women, and for men.

Djibouti

In Djibouti, traditional attire includes the macawiis and koofiyad for men, and the dirac and garbasaar for women. The Afar people have their own style of traditional clothing.

Eritrea

Men in Eritrea wear Kidan Habesha as traditional dress. Women wear the zuria or Habesha kemis.

Ethiopia

Each ethnic group in Ethiopia has a traditional style of dress. Ethiopian traditional clothing includes the Ethiopian suit or Kidan Habesha for men, and the Habesha kemis for women.

Kenya

There is no official national costume of Kenya, but leso ( kanga) is worn throughout the country. Kikoi, similar to kanga fabric, is also widespread. All tribes have their respective traditional garments. For example, Maasai clothing includes traditional shuka and beadwork.

Madagascar

The lamba is part of the traditional dress of Madagascar.

Mauritius and Réunion

In Mauritius and Réunion, the ''sega'' is part of traditional clothing.

Rwanda

The mushanana is traditional clothing in Rwanda.

Seychelles

Seychelles traditional dress includes the ''kanmtole.''

Somalia

In Somalia, traditional dress includes the kanzu or khamiis and kitenge. For men, traditional clothing also includes the macawiis and koofiyad. Women may wear the dirac, guntiino, and garbasaar.

Sudan

In Sudan, folk costume includes the jalabiyyah and taqiyyah. Men may wear turbans; women may wear the toob, a long garment.

Tanzania

Traditional dress in Tanzania varies by tribe, and may include the kanzu and kofia for men, and the kanga for women.

Uganda

Folk costume in Uganda includes the kanzu and kofia (male), and the gomesi (female). In southwestern Uganda, women's traditional dress includes the mushanana.

North Africa

Algeria

In Algeria, cultural dress includes the burnous, ghlila, caftan, gandoura, haik, jellaba, m'laya, and sarouel. In northern Algeria, clothing includes the karakou (in Algiers), labsa Naïlia (among Ouled Naïl), and labsa M'zabia (among Mozabite people). In northeastern Algeria, dress includes Gandoura Annabiya (in Annaba), qashabiya and melhfa chaouïa (among Chaoui people), labsa Kbaylia (among Kabyle people), and binouar Staifi (in Sétif). In northwestern Algeria, traditional dress includes the blouza in Oran and the chedda of Tlemcen. In southern Algeria, the tagelmust is traditional attire; traditional clothing of the Tuareg people includes the akhebay. In Western Algeria, Sahrawis wear the el-melhfa Sahraoui.

Egypt

Traditional attire in Egypt includes the galabeya.

Libya

Traditional dress of Libya includes the jellabiya, farmla (embroidered vest), and fouta.

Morocco

In Morocco, traditional attire includes the djellaba, fez, balgha, and takchita.

Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic

Cultural attire in the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic includes the darra'a for men and the el-melhfa Sahraoui for women.

Tunisia

Traditional attire in Tunisia includes the jebba, chechia, and fouta.

Southern Africa

Angola

Traditional clothing in Angola includes the pano.

Botswana

In Botswana, traditional attire includes the ieteisi and tshega.

Lesotho

Traditional attire in Lesotho includes shweshwe clothing, basotho blankets, and mokorotlo.

Malawi

Chitenje is part of the traditional clothing of Malawi.

Mozambique

In Mozambique, cultural attire includes the capulana.

Namibia

In Namibia cultural dress includes Herero traditional clothing, like the ohorokova dress and the otjikaiva hat.

South Africa

In South Africa, traditional attire of Xhosa people includes the umbhaco for men and women. For women, dress includes the faskoti, inxili (sling bag), ncebetha, iqhiya, and ibhayi. For men, it includes the ingqosha, isidanga, and unngqa. Among Zulu people, traditional clothing includes the isicholo, isidwaba, umutsha, and ibheshu. For Sotho people, traditional dress includes shweshwe, basotho blankets, and mokorotlo. Afrikaners and Rooineks may wear a slouch hat, safari shirt, veldskoen, knee-high socks, khaki Bermuda shorts or trousers.

Zambia

In Zambia, traditional attire includes chitenje.

Zimbabwe

Traditional clothing in Zimbabwe includes the ibhetshu, isidwaba, isicholo, and chitenje.

West Africa

Benin

In Benin, cultural attire includes the dashiki suit, fila gobi, abeti aja, and kufi for men, and the Iro ati Buba and wrapper set for women.

Burkina Faso

Cultural attire in Burkina Faso includes batakari for men and kaftan for women.

Cape Verde

In Cape Verde, traditional attire includes the pano de terra.

Côte d'Ivoire

In Ivory Coast, traditional clothing includes the kente cloth for men and kente kaba and slit set for women.

The Gambia

Traditional clothing of the Gambia includes the boubou for men and kaftans for women.

Ghana

In Ghana, traditional attire for men includes the kente cloth or Ghanaian smock (called fugu or batakari) kufi, and agbada. For women, it includes the kente kaba and slit set.

Guinea

Traditional clothing of Guinea includes the boubou for men and kaftans for women.

Guinea-Bissau

Traditional clothing in Guinea-Bissau may vary by ethnic group. Traditional attire of the Fula people includes the boubou for men and kaftans for women.

Liberia

In Liberia, traditional attire includes the dashiki suit and kufi for men, and the buba and skirt set for women.

Mali

In Mali, traditional attire includes the grand boubou and kufi for men, kaftan for women, and bogolan.

Mauritania

In Mauritania, traditional dress includes the darra'a for men and melhfa for women.

Niger

Traditional attire of Niger includes souban cloth, melhfa, babban riga, tagelmust, alasho for men, and kaftan for women.

Nigeria

In Nigeria, each ethnic group has a style of traditional dress, worn mostly for special occasions such as weddings and national holidays. For men, traditional attire includes the agbada, dashiki or isiagu, and fila gobi or fila abeti aja. For women, it includes Iro ati Buba and wrappers.

Senegal

Traditional attire in Senegal includes the Senegalese kaftan and kufi for men, and the kaftan for women.

Togo

In Togo, cultural dress for men includes the batakari, agbada, and ewe kente cloth, and the pagne or kente kaba for women.

Americas

Caribbean

Antigua and Barbuda

For women in Antigua and Barbuda, national attire is a plaid dress with white pinafore, designed by Heather Doram.

Bahamas

There is no official folk dress of the Bahamas, though clothing made with Androsia may be considered traditional attire. Junkanoo costumes can be considered folk costume but fall more into the sector of carnival dress than traditional garment.

Cuba

In Cuba, traditional dress includes the guayabera and panama hat for men, and the guarachera for women.

Dominican Republic

Traditional attire in the Dominican Republic includes the chacabana and panama hat.

Dominica

The madras is part of traditional attire in Dominica.

Haiti

In Haiti, cultural attire includes the karabela dress for women and shirt jacket for men.

Jamaica

Traditional attire in Jamaica includes the bandana cloth Quadrille dress for women, bandana cloth shirt and white trousers for men, and the Jamaican tam.

Puerto Rico

In Puerto Rico, men's traditional clothing includes the guayabera and panama hat. Women's traditional attire includes the ''enagua''.

Saint Lucia

The madras is part of traditional attire in Saint Lucia.

Trinidad and Tobago

Cultural dress varies in Trinidad and Tobago. Tobago has an Afro–Tobagonian creole culture with bélé costumes as their typical garment, commonly made of madras. Trinidad has no defined national garment. During cultural occasions, Afro–Trinidadian and Tobagonian men wear guayabera or dashiki, and women wear a booboo. Indo–Trinidadian and Tobagonian men wear kurta, dhoti, sherwani, and women wear sari, choli, and lehenga.

Central America

Belize

In Belize, among mestizos, traditional attire includes the huipil for women and the guayabera for men. Among the Maya peoples, all tribes wear distinct kinds of dress.

Nicaragua

Among women in Nicaragua, traditional attire includes the huipil and rebozo. Men wear the .

Guatemala

In Guatemala, traditional clothing includes the huipil, corte skirt, and tocado for women, and the todosantero suit for men.

Panama

Traditional attire in Panama includes the pollera for women and montuno for men.

North America

Bermuda

Bermuda shorts are traditional clothing in Bermuda.

Canada

In Canada, different regions have different traditional clothing.
The traditional dress of First Nations peoples, which is often called "regalia", may include the button blanket, buckskins, moccasins, Chilkat blanket, Cowichan sweater, and war bonnet. Traditional attire of the Métis includes the ceinture fléchée, capote, and moccasins. In Nunavut and other Inuit communities, traditional clothing includes the parka, mukluks, and amauti.

For lumberjacks of Quebec and Ontario, traditional logging wear includes mackinaw jackets or flannel shirts, with headgear being a tuque or trapper hat; a good example is seen with folk characters like Big Joe Mufferaw.

In the Maritimes, Acadians wear their traditional heritage clothing on special occasions like the Tintamarre. The Scottish background in Nova Scotia has brought the Nova Scotia tartan as folk wear in the form of kilts, aboyne dresses, and trews for Scottish highland dance competitions.

In Quebec and among French Canadians, traditional clothing includes the ceinture fléchée, capote, and tuque.

In the Prairies, cowboy costume is common for events such as the Calgary Stampede, and is often worn with Calgary White Hats.

Newfoundland – Traditional mummers dress in masks and baggy clothes in Christmas season celebrations; the Cornish influence has also brought yellow oilskins and sou'westers as typical wear in coastal areas.

United States

In the United States, different regions have different traditional clothing.

Styles of traditional Native American clothing vary. Traditional pow-wow regalia for Plains Indians may include moccasins, buckskins, glass beads, breech clouts, and war bonnets or roaches. Among Alaska Natives, traditional attire includes kuspuks worn with dark pants and mukluks, as well as parkas. The clothing of the Yupʼik people is designed to keep the wearer warm and dry in cold weather.

Western wear is traditional dress in several areas of the United States, including Texas and the Southwest, and rural areas in the Midwest and the West. This attire, derived from Mexican vaquero and American pioneer garb, may include cowboy hats, Western shirts, cowboy boots, jeans, chaps, prairie skirts, and bolo ties.

Due to cold weather, clothing in northern areas—such as the Upper Midwest, Pacific Northwest, and northern New England—tends to include heavier materials. This may include flannel shirts or Buffalo plaid mackinaw jackets, and a knit cap or, in the case of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, a Stormy Kromer cap. The attire of folk hero Paul Bunyan may represent this style.

In the Deep South, traditional attire includes white seersucker suits and string ties for men, and sun hats and large Southern belle-style dresses for women. The Cajun people of Louisiana traditionally wear the colorful capuchon for Mardi Gras celebrations. Historically, Creole women wore the tignon, mostly in plain or madras fabrics; it is now sometimes worn for heritage events or for cultural reasons. Gullah communities in the South Carolina Lowcountry and the Sea Islands preserve the traditional African-style clothing and culture.

Summer residents of Nantucket will often wear Nantucket Reds. In Utah, Mormons may dress in 19th-century pioneer clothing for Mormon Trail–related activities and events. The Amish (mostly found in Pennsylvania, Ohio and Indiana) follow a style of plain dress.

Mexico

The folk dress of Mexico varies by state. For men, traditional dress includes the charro outfit, guayabera, sarape, and sombrero. For women, it includes the rebozo and china poblana dress.

In el Norte, traditional attire may include cowboy hats, cowboy boots, and bandana. Indigenous peoples, like the Yaqui, Seri and Rarámuri, wear traditional apparel. The ('tamaulipeca leather jacket') is traditional attire in Tamaulipas.

In Querétaro, Hidalgo, and San Luis Potosí, traditional clothing includes the quechquemitl.

In Veracruz, traditional attire includes the guayabera. In Yucatán, it includes the guayabera for men and huipil for women.

The is traditional attire in Oaxaca.

In Chiapas, the is traditional attire.

South America

Southern America

Argentina

In Argentina, traditional folk attire is the gaucho costume. Each province has a specific design of poncho, with the ' being the most recognized.

Bolivia

In Bolivia, traditional clothing includes the poncho, chullo, and the Andean pollera.

Brazil

In Brazil, each region has its own traditional costume.

In many states within the Amazônia Legal region, Indigenous peoples wear traditional clothes specific to their ethnic groups. An example is the ''kushma'', used by the Asháninka.

In Bahia, the traditional outfits are the ' and '' abadá''. In Rio de Janeiro, samba costumes are worn during the four days of Brazilian Carnival by members of samba schools. Outside of Carnival, the most traditional men's attire is that of the ''malandro carioca'' ('carioca rascal') or ''sambista'', which includes white pants, a striped shirt, a white jacket, and a straw hat. In São Paulo, Goiás, and nearby states, '' Caipiras'' (Brazilian country folk) preserve traditional folk styles of clothing, which are often imitated during festa junina celebrations. In Rio Grande do Sul, the traditional attire is the gaúcho costume. In Pará, the typical clothing is that associated with carimbó, a popular dance from northern Brazil. In the northeastern sertão, cangaceiro clothing is traditional.

Chile

In Chile, the traditional attire is the huaso costume, which includes a chamanto, chupalla, and poncho.

Colombia

Each region in Colombia has a distinct costume. Traditional male attire includes the sombrero vueltiao, ruana, white shirt, trousers, and alpargatas. Women's attire includes a blouse, cumbia pollera, sombrero vueltiao, and alpargatas.

Ecuador

In Ecuador, traditional clothing includes the poncho and Panama hat.

Guyana

Guyana does not have a designated style of national dress. Each ethnic group wears its cultural clothing during important events or occasions. Afro-Guyanese men typically wear a dashiki or shirt jacket, and women wear a booboo. Indo-Guyanese men wear a kurta, sherwani, or churidar, while women wear a sari or lehenga. Each indigenous tribe wears its tribal clothing during cultural events or important occasions.

Paraguay

In Paraguay, traditional clothing includes the .

Peru

In Peru, traditional attire includes the chullo, poncho, and Andean pollera.

Suriname

In Suriname, traditional clothing includes the kotomisse and pangi cloth.

Uruguay

In Uruguay, the traditional folk attire is the gaucho costume.

Venezuela

In Venezuela, traditional male attire is the llanero costume, which includes the liqui liqui and ''pelo e' guama'' hat. Traditional female attire includes the joropo dress and ''pelo e' guama'' hat.

Asia

Central Asia

Tajikistan

In Tajikistan, traditional attire includes the chapan, the tubeteika, the turban, and the paranja.

Kazakhstan

In Kazakhstan, traditional clothing includes the shapan, zhargak, zhegde, and the kalpak. Men's attire features garments such as the jargaq shapa, while women's clothing includes the saukele, kimeshek, koylek, and shalbar. The kupe is worn by both men and women.

Kyrgyzstan

In Kyrgyzstan, traditional garments include the chapan, terishym (a type of salwar), and the kalpak for men. Women's attire includes the saukele, beldemchi, koylek, and elechek.The koinok is worn by both men and women.

Turkmenistan

In Turkmenistan, the chapan is commonly worn as part of cultural clothing.

Uzbekistan

In Uzbekistan, traditional attire features the khalat, tubeteika, chapan, turban, and paranja.

East Asia

China

In China, the traditional clothing of the Han Chinese includes the hanfu, which encompasses styles like the shenyi, ruqun, and shanku. It may also include influences from the Manchu people with garments such as the tangzhuang, cheongsam, and changshan.

The Manchu people traditionally wore qizhuang, which includes the magua, tangzhuang, cheongsam, and changshan. Mongols wear the deel. Muslim ethnic groups such as the Uyghurs and Hui people wear items like the tubeteika, khalat, and chapan.

Japan

In Japan, traditional attire is referred to as ''wafuku'', which includes garments like the kimono, jūnihitoe, and sokutai.

In Fukuoka Prefecture, traditional garments include the mizu happi and shime-komi. In Hokkaido, the Ainu people wear traditional clothing such as the tepa, a sacred belt called raun kut or upsoro kut, konci (hood), hos (leggings), and grass-skin jackets like tetarabe and utarbe. Ceremonial garments include the sapanpe and the matanpushi. Ryukyuans wear ryusou as traditional attire. In Okinawa Prefecture, the Kariyushi shirt is traditional clothing.

Korea

In South Korea, the traditional attire is the hanbok; it is known as the ''chosŏn-ot'' in North Korea.

Mongolia

In Mongolia, traditional clothing includes the deel.

Taiwan

In Taiwan, Han Taiwanese people wear garments such as the hanfu, cheongsam, and changshan. Among Taiwanese indigenous peoples, traditional attire varies by group. The Rukai people wear garments like the ibibogo (a men's daily jacket) and the dalabu (a women's daily top). The Atayal people wear pearl-adorned shirts and skirts. The Bunun people use the design of the hundred-pace viper in their traditional dress.

Tibet

The Tibetan people, native to Tibet, traditionally wear the chuba.

North Asia

Russia

In Russia, traditional clothing in the Urals, Siberian Federal District, and Far Eastern Siberia includes the clothing of Siberian nationalities such as the Buryats, Yakuts, and Altaians. In Buryatia and Tuva, the traditional garment is the .

In the Altai Republic, Southern Altaians wear items such as the (fur coat), (cap), (overcoat). The (Altai-Kizhi) or ( Telengits) is a sleeveless cloak historically worn by married women; it is now used as bridal or festive attire.

South Asia

Afghanistan

Traditional clothing in Afghanistan includes the Pashtun dress. Men may wear the pakul, lungee, chapan (khalat), and shalwar kameez; women may wear the firaq partug, burqa, chador, and niqab.

Bangladesh

In Bangladesh, men wear the sherwani, kurta (panjabi), lungi, fotua, and gamcha. Women's clothing includes the shari, long skirt, mexi, selwar kamiz, orna, and kurtee.

Bhutan

Bhutan has sumptuary laws. The mandates what citizens should wear in public spaces. Bhutanese citizens must wear the traditional clothing of the Ngalop people, including a and for men and a and for women, including for official business, schools and institutions, and official occasions and assemblies. The clothing of the Ngalop people also includes the toego and kabney for men, and rachus for women.

These restrictions apply when people are in or near "monastic fortresses (), monasteries () and temples (), and government buildings. Karin Altmann, a textile art scholar, describes the intent behind this law "to prevent specific features of Bhutanese culture from disappearing," and "to emphasize national identity", but it has contributed to conflict due to the ethnic and cultural diversity of Bhutan.

India

In India, men wear the achkan, sherwani, dhoti, phiran, kurta, and turban. Women's clothing includes the shalwar kameez, sari, patiala salwar, lehenga, choli, pathin, dupatta, and churidar. The mundum neriyatum is worn by the Malayali people of Kerala. The veshti is worn by Tamils. The Monpa people also have traditional clothing.

Maldives

In the Maldives, men wear the dhivehi mundu. Women's traditional clothing includes the dhivehi libaas, feyli, and buruga.

Nepal

In Nepal, traditional attire for men includes the Daura-Suruwal and Dhaka topi. Women wear the Gunyou Cholo. Other traditional clothing includes garments worn by the Newar, Sunuwar, Rai, and Limbu peoples, such as the bakku and chuwa.

Pakistan

In Pakistan, men wear the Peshawari turban, shalwar kameez, and churidar. Traditional clothing for women includes the shalwar kameez, dupatta, and sari, although the sari is worn less frequently. The pagri is worn by men and women.

Sri Lanka

Women's clothing in Sri Lanka includes the lama sariya, kandyan saree (worn by Sinhalese people), and the nivi draped saree. Men wear the jathika anduma, mul anduma, and kavaniya.

Southeast Asia

* Brunei – Baju Melayu, Songkok (male), Baju Kurung, Tudung (female)
* Cambodia – Sampot, Apsara, Sabai, Krama, Chang kben
* East Timor – Tais mane, tais feto
* Indonesia – There are numerous national and regional clothing in Indonesia due to the diversity of cultures that make up the island nation; they include:
** Batak tribe – Ulos (tenun fabric)
** Javanese people – Beskap, Batik shirt, Blangkon, Songkok, Sarong (male), Kebaya, Tudung, Sarong (female).
** Malay people – Baju Melayu, Baju Kurung, Songket
** Papua – Koteka
* Laos – xout lao, suea pat, pha hang, pha biang, sinh
* Malaysia – Baju Melayu and Songkok (male), Baju Kurung, Baju Kebarung (Kebaya/Kurung hybrid), Tudung (female); every state has its style of ''baju'' including a special ''baju'' for the Federal Territories.
* Myanmar – Longyi, gaung baung, taipon (male), thummy, eingyi (female)
* Philippines – Barong (male) and Baro't saya; Maria Clara gown, Terno (female), Malong, Patadyong, Tapis, Salakot
* Singapore –
** Chinese Singaporeans – Hanfu, Cheongsam (female), Tangzhuang (male)， Changpao (male)
** Indian Singaporeans – Sari (Female), Dhoti (Male), Kurta
** Malay Singaporeans – Baju Melayu (Male), Baju Kurung (female), Sarong
** Peranakans – Kebaya (female), Baju Lokchuan (male)
* Thailand – Chut thai: Thai female: Thai Chakkri, Thai male: Suea Phraratchathan, Both genders: Chong kraben and Sabai
* Vietnam – Vietnamese clothing: Áo giao lĩnh, Áo trực lĩnh, Áo viên lĩnh, Áo đối khâm, Áo tứ thân, Áo ngũ thân, Áo yếm, Áo nhật bình, Áo gấm, Áo tấc, Áo dài, Áo bà ba, Cổn miện

West Asia

* Armenia – Armenian dress () includes the arkhalig (long jacket), arakhchin, burka, chokha, kalpak, papakha, shalvar
* Azerbaijan – Azerbaijani traditional clothing include the arkhalig, chokha, kelaghayi, kalpak
* Cyprus – ''Zimbouni'' (waistcoat), ''vraka'' (men's breeches), and ''saiya'' (women's formal festival dress)
** Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus – Cepken (yelek) vest, salta, yazma, potur, boynuz kemer
* Israel – A national symbol of Israel is the tembel hat; the sudra, gargush, the Hasidic rekel, the Sephardi kavese (hat); biblical sandals, see also Jewish religious clothing
* Iran – Chador, turban, thawb (dishdasha/kameez), zardozi, battoulah; Kurdish clothing, including Sanjabi selte (jacket), chokho-raanak (trousers)
* Iraq – Assyrian clothing, keffiyeh, Hashimi Dress, bisht, dishdasha, Kurdish clothing, agal
* Jordan – Keffiyeh, bisht, thawb, Bedouin clothing
* Lebanon – Tantour, labbade, sherwal, keffiyeh, taqiyah
* Kuwait – Dishdasha, keffiyeh
* Oman – Dishdasha, khanjar, keffiyeh
* Palestine – The keffiyeh, a symbol of Palestinian identity. The thawb, its most popular styles being from Bethlehem and Ramallah decorated with traditional Palestinian embroidery.
* Qatar – Thawb, keffiyeh
* Saudi Arabia – Thawb, ghutrah, agal, bisht, abaya, jilbab, niqab, Hejazi turban
* Syria – Dishdasha, sirwal, taqiyah, keffiyeh
* Turkey – Kalpak, yazma, kaftan, turban, salvar, Çarık
Cepken-Yelek
Boynuz Kemer – Horn belt
* United Arab Emirates – Kandura, thawb, abaya; older women would still wear the battoulah visor
* Yemen – Thawb, izaar, turban, jambiya, niqab

Europe

Eastern Europe

* Belarus – slutsk stash, the national type of wimple (''namitka'')
* Georgia – chokha (every region has its own specific design of Chokha), Papakha
* Ossetia – Chokha
* Russia – many types, including bast shoes, Boyar hat, Ryasna, Sarafan, Kaftan, Kokoshnik, Kosovorotka, Ushanka, Valenki; (Sami) Gákti, Luhkka for colder weather
** Caucasus republics (for example, Chechnya, North Ossetia-Alania and Adygea) – Chokha, Papakha, Ushanka in cold weather
** Mordovia – Mordovian national costumes
* Ukraine – national costumes of Ukraine include the Vyshyvanka, Sharovary, Żupan, and Ukrainian wreath

Central Europe

* Austria – Each state has a specific design on national costume; the most famous is that of Tyrol, consisting of the characteristic Tyrolean ''tracht'' and '' dirndls''.
* Czech Republic – '' kroje''
* Germany – Every state has its own specific design of a regional costume (''Tracht''). For example, Bavaria's well-known tracht: Lederhosen and Dirndl. Many stereotypes that foreigners have regarding German folk costumes (as well as other customs) actually come from the state of Bavaria.
* Hungary – elements of Hungarian folk costumes include ''pendely'' (linen underskirt), ''gatya'' (pleated skirt-like pants), ''elejbőr'' (sheepskin vest-like item), kacagány (fur pelt), and ''ködmön'' (sheepskin coat)
* Liechtenstein – Tracht, Dirndl
* Poland – '' czamara'', '' żupan'', ''kontusz'', ''rogatywka''; there are many regional styles, including those of Łowicz, Kurpie Zielone, Biłgoraj, Lachy Sądeckie, Kraków, Podhale, Szamotuły, and Kaszuby
* Slovakia – '' kroje''
* Switzerland – Every canton has a specific design of national dress. The most famous Swiss costumes come mainly from the German-speaking cantons of Appenzell, Bern and Zug.

Northern Europe

* Denmark – Folkedragt
** Faroe Islands – Føroysk klæði
** Greenland – Anorak
* Estonia – Rahvarõivad, also known as ''rahvariided''
* Finland – Every region has its own specific design of national costume (''kansallispuku'', ''nationaldräkt''). These vary widely. Many of them resemble Swedish costumes, but some take influences from Russian costumes as well. For the Sami in Finland, each place has its own Gákti or Luhkka for colder weather.
* Iceland – Þjóðbúningurinn
* Ireland – Aran sweater, Irish walking hat, flat cap, Grandfather shirt, Galway shawl, brogue, Irish stepdance costume
* Latvia – Latvians, Latvian :lv:Latviešu tautastērpi, national costumes (''tautastērpi'') vary by region
* Lithuania – :lt:Aukštaičių rūbai, Aukštaitija, :lt:Žemaičių rūbai, Žemaitija, :lt:Dzūkų rūbai, Dzūkija, :lt:Suvalkiečių rūbai, Suvalkija, and :lt:Klaipėdos krašto rūbai, Klaipėdos (Mažoji Lietuva) have related but distinguishable folk dress
* Norway – Every Counties of Norway, county (including Svalbard, which isn't a county) has a designated style of folk costume, or Bunad; the most famous bunader come from Hardanger and Setesdal; Sami: Gákti, and for colder weather, Luhkka
* Sweden – the traditional Culture of Sweden#National costuming, folkdräkt has been specific to the local region and varied from province to province but has since 1983 been supplemented by an official National Costume, , common for all; first unisex design in 2022: Bäckadräkten; 18th century: Nationella dräkten; Sami: Gákti, Luhkka for colder weather
* United Kingdom – Countries of the United Kingdom, Every constituent country has its own national costume.
** England – British country clothing, English country clothing, Morris dance costumes, English clog, English clogs
*** Northern England – Maud (plaid), Maud, Flat cap
**** Lancashire – Shawl, Lancashire shawl, clogs
**** Northeast – Rapper sword#Costume, Rapper dance costumes, Border tartan, Northumberland kilts and tartan
*** Southern England – Smock-frock, Smock
**** Cornwall – Sou'wester hat, fisherman's Smock-frock, smock, Guernsey (clothing), gansey, bal-maiden clothing, Cornish kilts and tartans
**** London – Pearly kings and queens
** Northern Ireland – Similar to the rest of Ireland
** Scotland – Highland dress: Kilt or trews, Tam o'shanter (hat), tam o'shanter or Balmoral bonnet, Doublet (clothing), doublet, Aboyne dress, and Brogue shoe, brogues or Ghillie brogues, ghillies.
*** Scottish Lowlands – Maud (plaid), Maud, Blue bonnet (hat), blue bonnet
** Wales - The Traditional Welsh costume, Welsh traditional dress is often worn by women on Saint David's Day or by folk dancers, such as at the National Eisteddfod of Wales, Eisteddfod. It is believed to have historically been worn commonly by women in rural Wales.

Southern Europe

* Albania – Albanian Traditional Clothing, Fustanella, wiktionary:Tirk, Tirq, Xhamadan, Opinga
* Andorra – Barretina, espadrilles
* Bulgaria – Every town has its own design of a national costume (''Bulgarian national garb, nosia''), with different types of clothing items traditional for each of the ethnographic regions of the country.
* Croatia – Croatian national costume, Lika cap, Šibenik cap
* Greece – Fustanella, Breeches (Vraka), Greek dress#Modern period, Amalia costume.
** Greek fisherman's cap, Greek fisherman's caps in many coastal villages by the Aegean Sea.
* Italy – Italian folk dance costumes;
** South Tyrol – Tracht and Dirndl
** Sardinia – Every town has its design of the traditional folk costume (see also Sardinian people#Traditional clothes, Sardinian people for more information).
** Sicily – Coppola (cap), Coppola, Arbëreshë people, Arbereshe costumes
* Kosovo – Traditional clothing of Kosovo, Qeleshe, wiktionary:Tirk, Tirq, Xhubleta, Xhamadan, Opinga
* Malta – Għonnella
* Montenegro – Montenegrin cap
* North Macedonia – Macedonian national costume
* Portugal – Every region has its own specific design of a national costume. The most famous costumes come from Viana do Castelo and Nazaré, Portugal, Nazaré.
* Romania – Romanian dress
* Serbia – Every region has different design of a national costume. Serbian traditional clothing, Lika cap, Montenegrin cap, Opanci, Šajkača, Šubara
* Slovenia – Gorenjska narodna noša
* Spain – Autonomous communities of Spain, Every autonomous region has its own national costume.
** Andalusia – Sombrero cordobes, traje de flamenca, traje de luces, montera
** Basque Country (autonomous community), Basque Country – Beret, espadrilles
** Canary Islands – Every island has its specific style of traditional dress. Néstor Martín-Fernández de la Torre designed a costume in Gran Canaria in 1934 to serve as pan-islander costume for all islands, but only caught on in Gran Canaria, being specific to its capital city Las Palmas.
** Catalonia – Barretina, Faixa
** Galicia (Spain), Galicia – Each province has its regional costume.

Western Europe

* Belgium – Smock-frock, Bleu sårot (Wallonia)
* France – Every administrative region has a style of folk costume, varying by department. For example, Brittany, with Breton costume varying by department and predominantly used in Celtic circle, Cercles celtiques, Pardon (ceremony), pardons and festivals.
** French Basque Country, Basque Country – Beret, espadrille
* Netherlands – Many areas, villages, and towns used to have their own :nl:Klederdracht (Nederland), traditional style of clothing. In the 21st century, only a few hundred people still wear traditional dresses and suits on a daily basis. They can be found mainly in Staphorst (about 700 women), Volendam (about 50 men) and Marken (about 40 women). Most well-known parts of Dutch folk costumes outside the Netherlands are probably the Dutch cap, Dutch woman's bonnet and klompen.
** North Brabant – poffer

Oceania

Australia and New Zealand

* Australia
** Aboriginal Australians – Australian Aboriginal fibrecraft, fibercraft-made clothing, possum cloak
** European Australians – cork hat, ''bushwear'': Moleskin trousers, safari shirt, bush shirt, Akubra slouch hat, Driza-Bone coat, Australian work boots
** Torres Strait Islands – Mother Hubbard dress, Augemwalli
* New Zealand
** Māori people, Māori – Māori traditional textiles#Piupiu, Piupiu, Māori traditional textiles#Korowai, korowai or Māori traditional textiles#kakahu huruhuru, kakahu huruhuru.
** New Zealand Europeans – Swanndri bush jacket, slouch hat, walk shorts, and knee-high socks; or a black singlet and Rugby football, rugby shorts.

Melanesia

* Fiji – Lavalava, ''Sulu'', Culture of Fiji#Clothing and costume, ''chamba'' (''sulu i ra''), Tapa cloth, ''tapa'' cloth (called ''masi''), ''i-sala'', Culture of Fiji#Clothing and costume, ''kuta'' (specifically in the village of Dama, Bua Province), bula; saree, shalwar kameez, and other Indo-Fijian traditional and religious clothing originating in South Asia
* New Caledonia – Lavalava, Manou, Mother Hubbard dress, robes mission
* Papua New Guinea – Mother Hubbard dress, Meri blaus, lap-lap, koteka, ''bilum'' (traditional string bags), grass covers
* Solomon Islands – Tapa cloth, grass skirts, Culture of the Solomon Islands, kap-kap, breastplates (called ''tema'', ''tambe'', or ''tepatu''), ''kabilato'', ''aba obi'' (women), ''fo'osae'' (men)
* Vanuatu – Mother Hubbard dress, Aelan dress, lap-lap

Micronesia

* Federated States of Micronesia – Lap-lap (male), Grass skirt (female)
* Palau – Lap-lap (male), Grass skirt (female)

Polynesia

* Cook Islands – Pareo
* French Polynesia – Pareo
* Hawaii – Aloha shirt, Muumuu, Holokū, Pāʻū (skirt; can be made of Tapa cloth, kapa cloth or grass skirt, grass; modern variations are textile cloth-based with Hawaiian leaf and flower motifs), Malo (loincloth)
* Samoa – Lavalava, Puletasi, 'ie toga clothing
* Tonga – Tupenu, Ta'ovala, Tapa cloth

Gallery

Asia

File:Cylinder seal,ca. 18th–17th century B.C. Babylonian.jpg, Examples of ancient Babylonian dress
File:Ancient Times, Assyrian. - 004 - Costumes of All Nations (1882).JPG, Ancient Assyrian clothing
File:Dishdasha.jpg, Gulf Arabs wearing traditional and culturally-specific headwear in Oman
File:Yemenite Gargush.jpg, Traditional Yemenite Jews, Yemenite Jewish gargush
File:Be Respectful, Dress Locally, Yemen (12768689584).jpg, Yemeni women wearing
File:Ramallah woman 15029v.jpg, Woman from Ramallah wearing traditional Palestinian traditional costumes, Palestinian dress, including a and (c. 1929–1946)
File:Armenian traditional clothing.jpg, Armenians, Armenian women wearing arkhaligs
File:Azerbaijani girls in kelaghayi.jpg, Traditional Azerbaijanis, Azerbaijani dress, including kelaghayi
File:Iranian family,gathered together wearing traditional clothes - Nishapur - Nowruz2014.JPG, An Iranian peoples, Iranian family celebrating Nowruz in their traditional ethnic attire
File:Afghan children wearing traditional clothes in Kabul.jpg, Afghans, Afghan children wearing traditional clothes in Kabul
File:روز فرهنگ بلوچ در ایالت بلوچستان شهر کویته.jpg, A group of Baloch people, Baloch men wearing traditional dress, including Balochi clothing, Balochi shalwar kameez
File:Cultural costume.jpg, A variety of cultural clothing from across India, but common throughout the Indian subcontinent, including lehengas, cholis, salwar kameez, and dupatta
File:Bride of Bangladesh (06).jpg, A Bangladeshis, Bangladeshi bridal handloom sari
File:Thai Beauties in folk costume Festival dell'Oriente 2017 Italy.jpg, Thailand, Thai traditional dress
File:2 Malay girls in baju kurung.jpg, Two Malays (ethnic group), Malay women wearing Baju Kurung
File:Centre national de la soie (Artisans dAngkor). (2517376127).jpg, Cambodian Sompot Chong Kben
File:Sishenao2.jpg, Vietnamese people, Vietnamese traditional
File:Traditional Vietnamese dress.jpg, Hmong people, Hmong girls in Vietnam wearing traditional dress
File:Aesan Gede Songket Palembang.jpg, Indonesian girl wearing traditional Palembangese
File:Maria Clara Gown.jpg, A two Filipinos, Filipina wearing a Maria Clara gown or traje de mestiza 1899
File:Tribu Tinabuay of Murcia.jpg, Visayan women wearing Baro't saya featuring their skirt patadyong while performing in festival dance
File:08.15 總統出席「2016三地門鄉聯合收穫祭」 (28706865630).jpg, Paiwan people, Paiwan and Rukai people, Rukai people in Sandimen, Pingtung County, Taiwan celebrate a harvest festival in traditional dress
File:Indigenous group dancers at Amis Music Festival 2016 IMF0936.jpg, Amis people, Amis/Pangcah tribe members (from the Fata'an group) performing a group dance at the 2016 Amis Music Festival in Dulan, Taiwan
File:Women of Beijing at Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests (3).jpg, An example of traditional dress in China
File:Tenpyousai1.jpg, Women wearing in China
File:National costume Mongolia 1.jpg, National costume of Mongolia ()
File:Tuvans Horse riding.jpg, Tuvans, Tuvan horse-riders wearing
File:Hanbok (female and male).jpg, A woman and man wearing traditional Korean people, Korean
File:Women in kimonos, Nibanchō Street, Kanazawa, 2016.jpg, Japanese women wearing Kimono

Europe

File:Delos House of Cleopatra.jpg, Statues of a woman and man wearing Ancient Greece, Ancient Greek himation
File:Traditional women's costume 7.jpg, An example of Greek people, Greek folk dress
File:Turkish folk dancer with traditional costume.jpg, Culture of Turkey, Turkish folk dancer in traditional dress
File:Bulgarian folk costume.jpg, Bulgarians, Bulgarian traditional folk costume
File:Romanian teens in traditional clothes are dancing.jpg, Romanians, Romanian teens in traditional dress
File:Hungarian Dresses.jpg, Hungarians, Hungarian women in folk dress
File:Hontianska parada 2003-DSC01192.JPG, A traditional Slovaks, Slovak
File:Diandlgwand.jpg, Young women in Germans, German
File:43. TKB - Beskid z Bielska-Białej 08.JPG, A man and woman wearing regional Łowicz-style folk dress in Poland
File:Russian folk dress (VMDPNI) 01a by shakko.jpg, An example of Russians, Russian festive folk dress, including a (shirt), (skirt), (apron), and (shawl)
File:Traditional Lithuanian dress.jpg, Girls wearing regional :lt:Aukštaičių rūbai, Aukštaičių-style folk dresses in Kaunas
File:KinsarvikBunad.jpg, Norwegians, Norwegian woman wearing
File:Faroese folk dance club from vagar.jpg, Faroe Islands, Faroese folk dance club with some members in national costumes
File:Kilt&Sporran.jpg, A modern Scottish people, Scottish kilt and sporran
File:Morris dancers in Midhurst 01.jpg, English people, English dancers wearing Morris dance, Morris folk dress
File:FIL 2009 - Coiffes bretonnes - bigoudènes - cercle ar vro vigoudenn.JPG, Traditional Bretons, Breton Breton costume, headwear worn by women and girls
File:Zamarra.jpg, Man wearing a , a sheepskin coat traditionally worn by Basques, Basque shepherds
File:Jerez spanien folklore.jpg, Andalusian people, Andalusian women wearing
File:Faldetta 1.jpg, Example of a traditional Maltese , or , once ubiquitous in Malta but no longer worn today
File:The Ciociara, young woman in Ciociaro costume (c.1869), by Cletofonte Preti.jpg, A young Italians, Italian woman in traditional Ciociaria, Ciociaro dress (c.1869)

North America

File:Inuit Amautiq 1995-06-15.jpg, Two Inuit women wearing (skirted style, akuliq) in Nunavut (1995)
File:Chief Anotklosh of the Taku Tribe in Juneau.jpg, Chief Anotklosh (Taku people, Taku) wearing a Chilkat weaving, Chilkat robe in Juneau, Alaska (c. 1913)
File:Alaska Native dancer wearing kuspuk.jpg, Alaska Native dancer performing in a
File:Cowichan Sweater.jpg, Cowichan sweater featuring the Thunderbird design
File:Unidentified Plains Cree at a powwow in Fort Qu'Appelle, Saskatchewan (18469335396).jpg, Unidentified Cree#Plains Cree (Paskwāwiyiniwak / nēhiyawak), Plains Cree at a powwow in Fort Qu'Appelle, Saskatchewan
File:Capote for scout on raiding party, Siksika, early 1900s, wool from Hudson's Bay Company blanket, glass beads - Glenbow Museum - DSC01002.jpg, A Siksika Nation, Siksika Blackfoot capote; the capote is seen as the traditional coat of the Métis, some Prairie First Nations and French-Canadian Voyageurs
File:The Winnemem Wintu Chief (3812027389).jpg, Winnemem Wintu chief Caleen Sisk in traditional dress (2009)
File:Native American PowWow 9488.jpg, A modern-day Cheyenne dog soldier wearing a feathered war bonnet, headdress during a powwow at the Indian Summer festival in Henry Maier Festival Park, Milwaukee
File:Four students with guitar.jpg, Texan folk costume comprising cowboy hats, jeans and checked western shirts (c.1950).
File:Characters in costume at the Ulster American Folk Park - geograph.org.uk - 3630777.jpg, Ulster-American folk costume worn in a museum in Northern Ireland; Ulster Americans primarily lived in the Appalachian region
File:AmishFamilyNiagaraFalls.jpg, An Amish family in traditional plain dress
File:Quezquemetl.jpg, of the Huastec people, Huasteca Potosina
File:CharroOutfitsNoreste18.JPG, China Poblana dress, emblematic of Puebla (city), Puebla and sometimes considered the national costume of Mexico
File:Traje tehuana.jpg, Dancers wearing traditional :es:Tehuana (traje), tehuana of Oaxaca
File:Jeunes femmes mayas.jpg, Young Maya people, Mayan women in traditional dress in Antigua, Guatemala
File:Mujeres de Nebaj, Guatemala 2013.jpg, Mayan folk clothing in Guatemala
File:Huipil, skirt, belt (c.1950), shawl, Ixil Maya, Nebaj, mid to late 20th century, cotton - Textile Museum of Canada - DSC01351.JPG, An Ixil people, Ixil tunic with a skirt, belt, and shawl (mid to late 20th century)
File:Nuestros Angeles de El Salvador.jpg, Pipil people, Pipil women dancing in the traditional Procession of Palms in Panchimalco, El Salvador
File:Pollera Panama Madre e Hija.jpg, Two women wearing in Panama
File:Mujeres de la etnia Emberá.jpg, Embera-Wounaan, Emberá women in a parade in Chitré, capital of Herrera Province, Panama
File:Charles Camilla Jamaica 2008.jpg, Women wearing the quadrille dress, greeting the British royal family in Jamaica
File:Mobeye-ÉtéDesVilles-Guadeloupe-827.jpg, A woman wearing a traditional Guadeloupean dress

Oceania

File:Noongar traditional dancers, Perth, Australia.jpg, Noongar traditional dancers in Perth, Australia
File:00 2449 Maori, indigenous people of New Zealand.jpg, Māori people, Māori man wearing a Māori traditional textiles#Korowai, korowai and piupiu
File:The Challenge.jpg, A kapa haka performing the warrior challenge in traditional piupiu at the swearing in of the 21st Governor-General of New Zealand
File:Poi-manutuke.jpg, Māori Poi (performance art), poi performance in traditional dress
File:High school students wearing puletasi.jpg, Samoans, Samoan women wearing puletasi
File:Woman in Lavalava (29927610794).jpg, A Samoan woman wearing a lavalava in Apia
File:Polynesian Cultural Center - Canoe Pageant (8328364423).jpg, Samoans, Samoan canoe performers in traditional dress
File:Kailao.jpg, Tongans, Tongan college students performing the kailao dance (1988)
File:Marriage mat.jpg, Tongans, Tongan newlyweds wearing their wedding taʻovala
File:Tupenu01.JPG, Young boys wearing traditional Tongan tupenu
File:Festal Hawaiian dancers 02.jpg, Hawaiians, Hawaiian musicians wearing traditional dress, including a muumuu
File:Hula Kahiko Hawaii Volcanoes National Park 02.jpg, Hula kahiko performance at the pa hula in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park
File:Tahitian woman in festive costume ca 1906.jpg, Tahitians, Tahitian woman in festive regalia (ca 1906)
File:Rapanookee vona.jpg, Traditional music, dance, and dress of the Rapa Nui people, Rapa Nui (Easter Island)
File:Ulithi-Dancers.jpg, People performing a welcome ceremony in traditional dress on the Ulithi atoll
File:Yapese men dancers in traditional dress celebrating Yap Day.jpg, Yapese people, Yapese men in traditional dress celebrating Yap Day
File:Palauan mother 1st baby ceremony.jpg, Traditional dress during a ceremony in Palau to celebrate a first time mother
File:Femmes kanak2.jpg, Kanak women wearing Mother Hubbard dress, Robes mission
File:Huli wigman.jpg, Huli people, Huli Wigman from Papua New Guinea in festive regalia
File:Fiji (9476712582) (2).jpg, Examples of traditional dress in Fiji
File:Landdiving7.jpg, Men wearing traditional Namba (clothing), nambas during a N'gol ceremony on Pentecost Island, Vanuatu (1992)

South America

File:Panama-Kuna 0605a.jpg, Guna people, Guna women wearing Mola (art form), Molas
File:Kunawoman.jpg, A Guna woman wearing a Mola
File:Tropenmuseum Royal Tropical Institute Objectnumber 60005741 Creoolse vrouw in kotomisi.jpg, A Surinamese people, Surinamese woman wearing the traditional Koto (traditional clothing), koto (c. 1910)
File:Tropenmuseum Royal Tropical Institute Objectnumber 10019375 Portret van een Marron vrouw voor haa.jpg, Maroons, Maroon woman wearing a Pangi (Maroon), pangi in Suriname (ca. 1900–1910)
File:Guajiran artisans.jpg, Wayuu women in the Guajira Peninsula, which comprises parts of Colombia and Venezuela
File:Guambia, Colombia.jpg, Guambía people relaxing in Colombia
File:Bailadores de cumbia.jpg, A Cumbia (Colombia) dancer holding a Sombrero vueltiao
File:Chaman Amazonie 5 06.jpg, Shaman of the Cofán people from the Amazon rainforest in present-day Ecuador
File:Lideresa waorani Alicia Cahuiya.jpg, Alicia Cawiya, vice-president of the Huaorani Nation of Ecuador, in traditional dress
File:Taquile Inselfest Frauen.JPG, Quechua people, Quechua women in festive dress on Taquile Island on western Lake Titicaca in Peru
File:Andean Man.jpg, A Peruvian man in traditional dress
File:Mapuche.jpg, A Mapuche man in present-day Chile
File:Gauchowheat edit2.jpg, A Chilean huaso man wearing a chupalla and manta, or chamanto (1940)
File:Mujeres mapuches en la entrega terreno a Comunidad Mapuche Lorenzo Quintrileo de Tirúa.jpg, Mapuche women from Tirúa (2015)
File:Pongo 0436b.jpg, An Indigenous woman in traditional dress near Cochabamba, Bolivia
File:Memorial das baianas - 20.jpg, Baiana dress from Brazil
File:SalvadorDaBahiaBahianDress.jpg, Women wearing baiana dresses in Salvador, Bahia
File:Enawene-nawe 1257a.JPG, Enawene Nawe man from Mato Grosso
File:Pataxo002.jpg, Pataxó man at the ninth edition of the Indigenous Peoples Games in Brazil
File:Terena006.jpg, Young Terena people, Terena woman at the closing ceremony of the Indigenous Peoples Games in Brazil
File:Índios da etnia Kuikuro.jpg, Kuikuro men at the closing ceremony of the ninth edition of the Indigenous Peoples Games in Brazil
File:Macri con Félix Diaz.jpg, Félix Díaz (cacique), Félix Díaz, a Toba people, Qom leader, meets with Argentina President, Mauricio Macri wearing traditional dress
File:Gauchito salteño argentino.jpg, Argentinian man wearing Gaucho clothes

Notes

{{DEFAULTSORT:Folk Costume
Folk costumes,