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Agal (accessory)
An agal (; also spelled iqal, egal, or igal) is a clothing accessory traditionally worn by Arab men. It is a doubled black cord used to keep a keffiyeh in place on the wearer's head. Agals are traditionally made of goat or camel hair. Modern agals typically use cord manufactured for this purpose (rulers of Bahrain in particular are known for wearing elaborate agal designs), but plain rope is still occasionally utilized. It is traditionally worn by Arabs from the Arabian Peninsula, Iraq, Jordan, parts of Palestine, the Negev in Israel, Deir ez-Zor and Hauran in Syria, Sinai and Sharqia in Egypt), and by Ahwazi Arabs. The use of the agal and ghutra is dated through antiquities including bas-reliefs and statues going back to ancient times. The agal is traced in SemiticWalther Hinz, ''Lost World of Elam'', pp. 20-21: In referring to dark-skinned Susa in a bas-relief wearing agal: "These must be Elamites from the hinterland. Even today dark-skinned men, in no way negroid, are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bahrain
Bahrain, officially the Kingdom of Bahrain, is an island country in West Asia. Situated on the Persian Gulf, it comprises a small archipelago of 50 natural islands and an additional 33 artificial islands, centered on Bahrain Island, which makes up around 83 percent of the country's landmass. Bahrain is situated between Qatar and the northeastern coast of Saudi Arabia, to which it is connected by the King Fahd Causeway. The population of Bahrain is 1,501,635 as of 14 May 2023, of whom 712,362 (47.44%) are Bahraini nationals and 789,273 are expatriates spanning 2,000 ethnicities (52.56% of the country's population of 1,501,635). Bahrain spans some , and is the List of countries and dependencies by area, third-smallest nation in Asia after the Maldives and Singapore. The capital and largest city is Manama. According to archeologist Geoffrey Bibby, Bahrain is the site of the ancient Dilmun civilization. though locally the islands were controlled by the Shia Jarwanids, Jarwanid dyn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghutra
The keffiyeh (), also regionally known as a hattah (), ghutrah (), or shemagh (), is a traditional headdress worn by men from parts of the Middle East. It is fashioned from a square scarf, and is usually made of cotton. The keffiyeh is commonly found in arid regions, as it protects from sunburn, dust, and sand. A head cord, ''agal'', is often used by Arabs to keep the keffiyeh in place. Etymology Keffiyeh The word ''keffiyeh'' appeared in Arabic after the Crusades, Used in the work of Al-Maqrizi (1364-1442): al-Mawāʻiẓ wa-al-Iʻtibār bi-Dhikr al-Khiṭaṭ wa-al-āthār'. 1906. Vol. 3. p. 326. and probably shares a European etymology with English "coif". Some argue that it was imported indirectly through , "cuff". Murtada al-Zabidi derives ''keffiyeh'' from , "cave", due to the rounded shape of the headscarf. A folk etymology associates it with the city of Kufa, Iraq. Ghutrah The word ''ghutrah'' () comes from the Arabic root ''ghatr'' () which means "to cover". ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thawb
A thawb, also known as a dishdashah or a kandura in other varieties of Arabic, is a garment traditionally worn by men in the Arab world. It is a long-sleeved, ankle-length robe that has regional variations in name and style. It can be worn in formal or informal settings, depending on the social and cultural norms in question; thawbs are the main formal attire for men in Saudi Arabia. Outside of the Arab world, the garment has been adopted in a number of Muslim-majority areas, particularly in the Indian subcontinent, where it is commonly referred to as a ''jubbah'' and is frequently worn by those who regard it as ''sunnah'' (i.e., something practiced, spoken, or observed by Muhammad, the founding Islamic prophet) due to its modest appearance. Etymology The word ''thawb'' () is a Standard Arabic word for "dress" or "garment". It is also romanized as ''thobe'' or ''thaub'' or ''thob.'' Name by locality Regional variations The ''thawb'' is commonly worn by men in the Arabian P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taqiyah (cap)
The Taqiyah (, ALA-LC: ''ṭāqīyah''Turkish language, Turkish: "takke", Urdu, Hindi "topi", , ALA-LC: "ṭopī", , ''ṭupi'', Somali language, Somali: "Koofi")), also known as tagiyah or araqchin (; ), is a short, rounded Wiktionary:skullcap, skullcap worn by Muslim men. In the United States and the United Kingdom, it is also referred to as a "kufi", although the Kufi typically has more of an African connotation while the taqiyah has a more universal connotation. Aside from being an adornment, the taqiyah has deeply ingrained significance in Islamic culture, reflecting the wearer's faith, devotion, and sometimes regional identity. While the taqiyah is deeply rooted in Muslim traditions, its use varies based on cultural context rather than strict religious guidelines. In Arab states of the Persian Gulf, with the exception of Oman, the taqiyah is commonly worn under a ghutra. In Turkmenistan, taqiyahs are called tahýa in the Turkmen language and are a Turkmen national headd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sirwal
Sirwal, also sherwal, saroual, seroual, sarouel or serouelSmith, Robin (199''American Civil War Zouaves'', p. 52. Osprey PublishingAt Google Books. Retrieved 23 August 2013. ( (''sirwāl''), also known, in some contexts, as (a subtype of) Harem pants, are a form of trousers. The word is of Persian origin; ''shalwār'' (شلوار) was borrowed into Greek as σαράβαρα ''sarábāra'', "loose trousers worn by Scythians". The words used in Balkan languages came through the Ottoman Turks and did not continue the Ancient Greek designation. They are typically worn in Muslim countries, but also extensively in the Polish Commonwealth, in Mallorca, in the Greek countryside, and other places in the Balkans that were influenced by Ottoman Turks prior to World War I. The trousers are not originally an Arab garment but were introduced from Persia to other Mideastern regions. The sirwal is also worn by communities in North India. The drawstring allows the sirwal to be worn at eith ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Litham
Litham (, sometimes pronounced lifam) is a mouth-veil which the Tuareg and other West and North African nomads, particularly men, have traditionally used to cover the lower part of their face. Role and significance The litham has served as protection from the dust and extremes of temperature characterizing the desert environment. In cases of blood feuds, it also served as protection against violence by making the wearer difficult to recognize. Wearing of the litham is not viewed as a religious requirement, although it was apparently believed to provide magical protection against evil forces. History and practice Ancient African rock engravings depicting human faces with eyes but no mouth or nose suggest that the origins of litham are not only pre-Islamic but even pre-historic. The litham was commonly worn among the Berber Sanhaja tribes in north-west Africa. Its use by the Almoravids, who originated from a Sanhaja clan, gave it a political significance during their conques ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Izaar
An izaar, also izar or ʾizār (), also known as maʿawaz (), futah (), wizar (), maqtab () is a traditional lower garment that is frequently used by men in Oman, Somalia, United Arab Emirates and Yemen. Yemenis commonly wear izzars at home and work. It is also used by some in Iraq, Kuwait, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia and Qatar, and the Horn of Africa (Djibouti, Ethiopia and Eritrea). A white izaar is typically worn underneath Thawb, thawbs in Oman and the UAE instead of ''Sirwal, sirwal sunnnah''. See also * Dhoti * Lungi * Sarong References {{Folk costume Arabic clothing History of Asian clothing Yemeni clothing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bisht (clothing)
A ''bisht'' (; plural: ''bishūt'' and ''bshūt''), known in some Arabic spoken dialects as ''mishlaḥ'' (Arabic: ) or ''ʿabāʾ'' (Arabic: ), is a traditional men's cloak popular in the Arab world, and worn in general for thousands of years. According to ancient Christian and Hebrew paintings, a similar robe was worn in the days of Jesus by the people of the Levant. The ''bisht'' is a flowing outer cloak worn over a '' thawb''. Symbol of Arab identity A bisht is usually worn for prestige on special occasions such as weddings, or festivals such as Eid, or for Ṣalāt al-Jumuʿah or Salat al-Janazah. It is usually worn by secular officials or clergy, including tribal chiefs, kings, and imams over a thawb, kanzu or tunic. It is a status garment, associated with royalty, religious position, wealth, and ceremonial occasions such as weddings, like the black-tie tuxedo in the West. Etymology The triliteral root of the word ''bisht'' is widely used in Semitic languages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shemagh
The keffiyeh (), also regionally known as a hattah (), ghutrah (), or shemagh (), is a traditional headdress worn by men from parts of the Middle East. It is fashioned from a square scarf, and is usually made of cotton. The keffiyeh is commonly found in arid regions, as it protects from sunburn, dust, and sand. A head cord, ''Agal (accessory), agal'', is often used by Arabs to keep the keffiyeh in place. Etymology Keffiyeh The word ''keffiyeh'' appeared in Arabic after the Crusades, Used in the work of Al-Maqrizi (1364-1442): al-Mawāʻiẓ wa-al-Iʻtibār bi-Dhikr al-Khiṭaṭ wa-al-āthār'. 1906. Vol. 3. p. 326. and probably shares a European etymology with English "coif". Some argue that it was imported indirectly through , "cuff". Murtada al-Zabidi derives ''keffiyeh'' from , "cave", due to the rounded shape of the headscarf. A folk etymology associates it with the city of Kufa, Iraq. Ghutrah The word ''ghutrah'' () comes from the Arabic root ''ghatr'' () which me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Susa
Susa ( ) was an ancient city in the lower Zagros Mountains about east of the Tigris, between the Karkheh River, Karkheh and Dez River, Dez Rivers in Iran. One of the most important cities of the Ancient Near East, Susa served as the capital of Elam and the winter capital of the Achaemenid Empire, and remained a strategic centre during the Parthian Empire, Parthian and Sasanian Empire, Sasanian periods. The site currently consists of three archaeological mounds, covering an area of around . The city of Shush, Iran, Shush is located on the site of ancient Susa. Name The name Susa is of Elamiate origin and has appeared in many languages: *Middle *Middle and Neo- *Neo-Elamite language, Elamite and Achaemenid Empire, Achaemenid *Achaemenid Empire, Achaemenid * * * * or *New * Literary references Susa was one of the most important cities of the Ancient Near East. In Historiography, historic literature, Susa appears in the very earliest Sumerian records: for exa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernst Herzfeld
Ernst Emil Herzfeld (23 July 1879 – 20 January 1948) was a German archaeologist and Iranologist. Life Herzfeld was born in Celle, Province of Hanover. He studied architecture in Munich and Berlin, while also taking classes in Assyriology, ancient history and art history. From 1903 to 1905 he was assistant to Walter Andrae in the acclaimed excavations of Assur, and later traveled widely in Iraq and Iran at the beginning of the twentieth century. He surveyed and documented many historical sites in Turkey, Syria, Persia (later Iran) and most importantly in Iraq (e.g. Baghdad, Ctesiphon). At Samarra he carried out the first excavations of an Islamic period site in 1911–13. After military service during World War I Herzfeld was appointed full professor of "Landes- und Altertumskunde des Orients" (approximately: Studies of the Ancient and modern Near East) in Berlin in 1920. This was the first professorship for Near/Middle Eastern archaeology in the world. From 1923 to 1925 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
