Dachauer Straße
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Dachauer Straße ( Leonrodplatz) The Dachauer Straße is the longest street in
Munich Munich is the capital and most populous city of Bavaria, Germany. As of 30 November 2024, its population was 1,604,384, making it the third-largest city in Germany after Berlin and Hamburg. Munich is the largest city in Germany that is no ...
with a length of 11.2 km and it received its name since it is the connecting road to
Dachau Palace The Dachau Palace is a former residence of the rulers of Bavaria at Dachau, southern Germany. History The castle was constructed around 1100 as a castle by the cadet branch of the House of Wittelsbach. In 1182, the last Count of Dachau, Konr ...
. In the north of Munich, it is part of the ''Bundesstraße 304''.


Route

The Dachauer Straße begins today as a track-leading street of the tram lines 20 and 21 north of the Bahnhofplatz in the district of
Maxvorstadt Maxvorstadt (Central Bavarian: ''Maxvorstod'') is a central borough of Munich, Bavaria, Germany and forms the Stadtbezirk (borough) 3 Maxvorstadt. Since 1992, this borough comprises the former boroughs 5, 6 and 7 (Maxvorstadt-Universität, Maxvor ...
. Until 1877, the southern part of today's Dachauer Sraße to the height of Marsstraße was still part of the Schützenstraße. From Hirtenstraße, the Dachauer Straße then also serves for use by motor vehicle traffic, until Elisenstraße, as a one-lane
One-way traffic One-way traffic (or uni-directional traffic) is traffic that moves in a single direction. A one-way street is a street either facilitating only one-way traffic, or designed to direct vehicles to move in one direction. One-way streets typicall ...
and then carries on to the
Stiglmaierplatz Stiglmaierplatz is a square in the Munich district of Maxvorstadt Maxvorstadt (Central Bavarian: ''Maxvorstod'') is a central borough of Munich, Bavaria, Germany and forms the Stadtbezirk (borough) 3 Maxvorstadt. Since 1992, this borough compri ...
with two opposing lanes. From Stiglmaierplatz, the street picks up the multi-lane traffic coming from the south to Seidlstraße, where it mostly has two lanes through
Neuhausen-Nymphenburg Neuhausen-Nymphenburg is a borough of Munich, the capital of the German state of Bavaria. It was created from the merger of the former boroughs of Neuhausen (Central Bavarian: ''Neihausn) and Nymphenburg in 1992. Location Nymphenburg borders ...
, to which it then crosses Leonrodplatz and leads to the height of the
Olympic Park An Olympic Park is a sports campus for hosting the Olympic Games. Typically it contains the Olympic Stadium and the International Broadcast Centre. It may also contain the Olympic Village or some of the other sports venues, such as the aquatics ...
under the
Landshuter Allee The Landshuter Allee is an avenue in Munich and through most of its course it is part of the ''Mittlerer Ring'', the Bundesstraße 2 R. It joins ''Donnersbergerbrücke'' at Arnulfstraße in the Neuhausen district and runs from Dachauer Straße ...
( Mittlerer Ring) through to the district of
Moosach Moosach is a municipality in the Upper Bavarian district of Ebersberg and a member of the ''Verwaltungsgemeinschaft'' (administrative community) of Glonn. Geography The community lies in a picturesque setting in an ice-age moraine landscape abo ...
. There it crosses at the junction of Wintrich- with the Georg-Brauchle-Ring, at the intersection it once again like the Baubergerstraße and the Pelkovenstraße, continues on with single lanes on both sides and a little further north in
Feldmoching-Hasenbergl Feldmoching-Hasenbergl (Central Bavarian: ''Fejdmoching-Hosnbeagl'') is a borough in the northern part of the city of Munich in Bavaria, Germany. It contains the Munich S-Bahn, S-Bahn railway station of München-Feldmoching station, München-Fe ...
after a bend below the track of the DB marshalling yard in a western direction, continues as a multi-lane road part of the national road 304. In this bend, the Max-Born-Straße from the East ends here and forms the further course of the national road 304. The Dachauer Straße then leads in a northwesterly direction over the railway tracks and the A 99 to the city or county boundary, where it continues in Karlsfeld under the name Münchner Straße. The northern route of the Dachauer Straße has been changed over time. In the former village Moosach, the old Dachauer Straße ran, since the middle of the 12th century, on the route of the today's Darmstädter, Batzenhofer and Quedlinburger Straße and received there direct route starting in the middle of the 18th century. Due to the construction of the marshalling yard Munich North between 1987 and 1991, the road was routed over the tracks again another 400m to the west. Dachauer Straße München Bild 9.jpg, Beginning of Dachauer Straße in the city center München - Fachhochschule.JPG, Dachauer Straße in front of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Vehicle Technology, Aircraft Technology of
Munich University of Applied Sciences The Munich University of Applied Sciences (HM) () is the largest university of applied sciences in Bavaria with about 17,800 students. The Munich University of Applied Sciences was founded in 1971 by the amalgamation of seven colleges of technol ...
Goetheinstitut.jpg, Headquarters of the
Goethe-Institut The Goethe-Institut (; GI, ''Goethe Institute'') is a Nonprofit organization, nonprofit German culture, cultural organization operational worldwide with more than 150 cultural centres, promoting the study of the German language abroad and en ...
Löwenbräukeller.jpg, Löwenbräukeller Schwere Reiter (Theater)-2014-06-13.png, ''Schwere Reiter Theater'' Pathos_Theater_Munich_at_Kreativquartier.JPG, Pathos Theater Nordringmuenchen.jpg, View from the Dachauer Straße to the marshalling yard


History

As of 1448, horse races were held every year during the Jakobidult on the route from Neuhauser Tor to Feldmoching, which is why the route was known until 1878 as "Rennweg". In the Middle Ages, around 1660, the part of the street close to the city bore the name Mosserstraße, derived from "Mossach", since it led from Munich to Moosach. The structural development of the area more remote from the old town began with the construction of several
barracks Barracks are buildings used to accommodate military personnel and quasi-military personnel such as police. The English word originates from the 17th century via French and Italian from an old Spanish word 'soldier's tent', but today barracks ar ...
of the
Bavarian Army The Bavarian Army () was the army of the Electorate of Bavaria, Electorate (1682–1806) and then Kingdom of Bavaria, Kingdom (1806–1918) of Bavaria. It existed from 1682 as the standing army of Bavaria until the merger of the military sovereig ...
with its associated infrastructure. Therefore, the then rural environment of Neuhausen was redesigned from the mid-19th century, which brought the district south of the practice area Oberwiesenfeld and north of the parade grounds Marsfeld the name "barracks district" and significantly accelerated the structural change Neuhausens. From 1866, extensive workshops of the royal armory were built along the Dachauer Straße; at times, more than 1,000 workers were employed there. The last still existent military-related institution is the ''Bundeswehrverwaltungszentrum München'' (Army Administrative Center Munich). It is located on the site of the former '' Eisenbahnkaserne'' (railway barracks) number 128. In 1869, Adele Spitzeder founded her private bank in Dachauer Straße, which became known as ''Dachauer Banken''. On 21 October 1876, the first Munich horse tram passed on its route from Promenadeplatz to Nymphenburger Straße/Burgfriedensgrenze ( Maillingerstraße) the Dachauer Straße between Bahnhofplatz and Stiglmaierplatz. In 1898, the west bordering cemetery was built. In 1900 the tram route from 1876 was made electric. On the western side opposite the ''Bundeswehrverwaltungszentrum München'' (Army Administrative Center Munich), the Association for the Improvement of Housing in Munich built a small residential complex in the Ebenau district even before the
First World War World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...
, which was used as one of the early examples of non-profit housing construction in Munich. In 1905, the current Heinz Naumann House (number 25) was built by Michael Reifenstuel, which then served as a posthospital. After the former gas works on the Thalkirchner road and the Kirchstein (now Vogelweideplatz) could not keep up with the growing gas demand of the city, the construction of the gas works Moosach, now number 148, began in 1906. On 25 July 1909, the new tram connection from Stiglmaier to Leonrodplatz was first used. In the restaurant "Zum Deutschen Reich", located on Dachauer Straße, the
German Workers' Party The German Workers' Party (, DAP) was a short-lived far-right political party established in the Weimar Republic after World War I. It only lasted from 5 January 1919 until 24 February 1920. The DAP was the precursor of the National Socialist ...
organized meetings in 1919 and 1920, with
Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 until Death of Adolf Hitler, his suicide in 1945. Adolf Hitler's rise to power, He rose to power as the lea ...
as speaker. Between 1924 and 1929, the Borstei was built north of the Middle Ring. In 1928, depot 5 for trams was completed in the Dachauer Straße 104, which was put back into service in 1949 after the damages from the war were repaired and then shut down in 1977. After request of the realm aviation ministry from 1936, development took place on the current factory premises of
MTU Aero Engines MTU Aero Engines AG is a German aircraft engine manufacturer. MTU develops, manufactures and provides service support for military and civil aircraft engines. MTU Aero Engines was formerly known as MTU München. History While the Munich-based e ...
(Dachauer Straße 665) and
MAN A man is an adult male human. Before adulthood, a male child or adolescent is referred to as a boy. Like most other male mammals, a man's genome usually inherits an X chromosome from the mother and a Y chromosome from the f ...
commercial vehicles (Dachauer Straße 667) another
BMW Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, trading as BMW Group (commonly abbreviated to BMW (), sometimes anglicised as Bavarian Motor Works), is a German multinational manufacturer of vehicles and motorcycles headquartered in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. Th ...
factory, which produced the
801 __NOTOC__ Year 801 ( DCCCI) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar, the 801st year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 801st year of the 1st millennium, the 1st year of the 9th century, and the 2nd ...
engine starting in 1942. During the period of
National Socialism Nazism (), formally named National Socialism (NS; , ), is the far-right totalitarian socio-political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Germany. During Hitler's rise to power, it was frequ ...
, innumerable so-called protective prisoners were deported via the Dachauer Straße to the
Dachau concentration camp Dachau (, ; , ; ) was one of the first concentration camps built by Nazi Germany and the longest-running one, opening on 22 March 1933. The camp was initially intended to intern Hitler's political opponents, which consisted of communists, s ...
. After a bomb attack by the
Allies An alliance is a relationship among people, groups, or states that have joined together for mutual benefit or to achieve some common purpose, whether or not an explicit agreement has been worked out among them. Members of an alliance are calle ...
in 1943, the gas plant was severely damaged. The ordered demolition of the plant was prevented by the factory management. After the war, the plant had to be shut down for half a year because of the damages caused by the war. After the conversion of the gas supply to Roherd gas took place on 10 November 1975, the plant was closed. In 2008, sections of the tram tracks in Dachauer Straße were renewed. The that poststall of the city was also located on the street. The former post office on Dachauer Straße was built by Franz Holzhammer. In addition, Dachauer Straße 90 is home to the Municipal
Health Department A health department or health ministry is a part of government which focuses on issues related to the general health of the citizenry. Subnational entity, Subnational entities, such as State (administrative division), states, county, counties an ...
and the blood doner service of the ''Städtische Klinikum München GmbH''. In the former buildings of the police driving school, the department city center of the
Munich Fire Department The Munich Fire Department (German: ''Feuerwehr München'') is the firefighting authority (called ''Branddirektion'') of the City of Munich. The Munich fire department is divided into a professional department with approximately 1500 fire fight ...
is temporarily accommodated there for some years. München–Dachau 1856.jpg, Road from Stiglmaierplatz towards Dachau 1856 Eisenbahn-Battaillon.jpg, On the left in the picture, the railway tracks in front of the railroad barracks, where today the eastern street lane runs of the now-developed Dachauer Straße.


Educational institutions

In 1951, an elementary school was built on the Dachauer Straße for the children of the Ludwigsfelder camp, and in 1963, at number 98, a primary school was built. In addition, the Munich Educational Plant is located at Dachauer Straße 5 and the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Vehicle Technology and Aircraft Engineering at the University of Applied Sciences Munich at Dachauer Straße 98b.


Culture

In the area of gastronomy, located next to the ''Löwenbräukeller'' at the intersecting Stiglmaierplatz is one of the oldest guest houses in Munich called "Alter Wirt" in Moosach, which was first documented in 1442 as a ''Täfernhaus''. In 1906, Carl Gabriel had the first ''Lichtspielhaus'' (
Movie theater A movie theater (American English) or cinema (English in the Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth English), also known as a movie house, cinema hall, picture house, picture theater, the movies, the pictures, or simply theater, is a business ...
) in Munich built on Dachauer Straße under the name "The American Bio.-Cie.", which still exists today after several renovations under the name of Gabriel Filmtheater. Even after the First World War, the Apollo Theater (house numbers 19/21) is located opposite the confluence of Augustenstraße. The actor
Karl Valentin Karl Valentin (, born Valentin Ludwig Fey; 4 June 1882 – 9 February 1948) was a Bavarian comedian. He had significant influence on German Weimar culture. Valentin starred in many silent films in the 1920s, and was sometimes called the "Cha ...
performed on stage at the ''"Baderwirt"'' under the name ''"Skeleton Giggerl"''. Since the early 1980s, the Munich Theater for children, which was previously housed on the
Leopoldstraße Leopoldstraße is a street in the Munich districts Maxvorstadt, Schwabing and Milbertshofen. It is a major boulevard, and the main street of the Schwabing district. It is a continuation of Ludwigstraße, the boulevard of King Ludwig I of Bavaria, ...
, is located in the building of the former ''Regina-Lichtspielhauses'' at Dachauer Straße 46 and in 1982, the Pathos Transport Theater was founded on Dachauer Straße 110 d. In the 1980s, parts of the abandoned military properties in Dachauer Straße 128, which now houses a housing estate and the headquarters of the ''Goethe-Institut'', were used for theater and event purposes. Where the artillery workshops were before the Second World War, was until the renovations were completed on the main building, a theater of the
Munich Kammerspiele The Munich Kammerspiele (German: Münchner Kammerspiele) is a state-funded German-language theater company based at the ''Schauspielhaus'' on Maximilianstraße (Munich), Maximilianstrasse in the Bavarian capital. The company currently has three ...
in a converted industrial hall of ''
Stadtwerke München Stadtwerke München GmbH (Munich City Utilities) or SWM is a German communal company, owned by the city of Munich, which offers public services for the city and the region of Munich. The company supplies electricity for more than 95% of Munich's ...
'' which was classified as a demolition object and only provisionally kept intact. From the spring of 2003 until the beginning of 2010, the event technology of the cultural department and the rooms of the Academy of Fine Arts were housed in the same property on Dachauer Straße 114. There today is the ''Schwere Reiter Theater''.


Trivia

* During the time of National Socialism, Karl Valentin asked the ironic question of what was probably the longest street and answered it with "The Dachauer Straße, of course, since many go out and hardly anyone comes back - from the concentration camp". * At the corner of Lampadiusstraße is still an original street sign with the name written in
German type German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ger ...
.


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dachauer Straße Streets in Munich Maxvorstadt Buildings and structures in Munich