''Cosmophasis'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

spider Spiders (order (biology), order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight limbs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude spider silk, silk. They are the largest order of arachnids and ran ...

s in the family

Salticidae Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family (biology), family Salticidae. , this family contained over 600 species description, described genus, genera and over 6,000 described species, making it the largest family of spide ...

(jumping spiders). They are predominantly

Southeast Asian Southeast Asia is the geographical southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Australian mainland, which is part of Oceania. Southeast Asia is ...

, while some species occur in

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...

and

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...

. Although most species more or less mimic ants, there are also colorful speciesJerzy Proszynski
''Cosmophasis''
/ref> that follow a different strategy. ''C. bitaeniata'' uses

chemical mimicry Chemical mimicry (or molecular mimicry) is a type of biological mimicry involving the use of chemicals to dupe an operator. A chemical mimic dupes an operator (e.g. a predator) by showing an adaptive chemical resemblance to an object of its envi ...

to be accepted by the aggressive

weaver ant Weaver ants or green ants are eusocial insects of the Hymenoptera family Formicidae belonging to the tribe Oecophyllini. Weaver ants live in trees (they are obligately arboreal) and are known for their unique nest building behaviour where wor ...

species ''

Oecophylla smaragdina ''Oecophylla smaragdina'' (common names include Asian weaver ant, weaver ant, green ant, green tree ant, and orange gaster) is a species of tree, arboreal ant found in tropical Asia and Australia. These ants form colonies with multiple nests in ...

''. One species, said to be not a particularly good ant mimic, was observed living near and preying on ants. According to (Murphy & Murphy, 2000), "to watch the spider stalking and killing its prey is an arachnological spectacular".

Description

Species in this genus are from 3.80 to 8.00 mm long. The

cephalothorax The cephalothorax, also called prosoma in some groups, is a tagma of various arthropods, comprising the head and the thorax fused together, as distinct from the abdomen behind. (The terms ''prosoma'' and ''opisthosoma'' are equivalent to ''cepha ...

es are pear-shaped(for some males) or rectangular.

Taxonomy

, the

World Spider Catalog The World Spider Catalog (WSC) is an online searchable database concerned with spider taxonomy. It aims to list all accepted families, genera and species, as well as provide access to the related taxonomic literature. The WSC began as a series of ...

accepted the following species: * '' Cosmophasis albipes''

Berland Berland is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: *André Berland (1940–2025), French historian and biographer *Bjørn Berland (born 1977), Norwegian footballer *Eliezer Berland (born 1937), Israeli Breslov rabbi *François Berléan ...

& Millot, 1941 –

Guinea Guinea, officially the Republic of Guinea, is a coastal country in West Africa. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Guinea-Bissau to the northwest, Senegal to the north, Mali to the northeast, Côte d'Ivoire to the southeast, and Sier ...

* '' Cosmophasis albomaculata'' Schenkel, 1944 –

Timor Timor (, , ) is an island at the southern end of Maritime Southeast Asia, in the north of the Timor Sea. The island is Indonesia–Timor-Leste border, divided between the sovereign states of Timor-Leste in the eastern part and Indonesia in the ...

* '' Cosmophasis ambonensis'' Hurni-Cranston & Hill, 2020 -

Ambon Island Ambon Island is part of the Maluku Islands of Indonesia. The island has an area of and is mountainous, well watered, and fertile. Ambon Island consists of two territories: the city of Ambon, Maluku, Ambon to the south, and three districts (''k ...

* '' Cosmophasis arborea'' Berry, Beatty & Prószyński, 1997 –

Caroline Islands The Caroline Islands (or the Carolines) are a widely scattered archipelago of tiny islands in the western Pacific Ocean, to the north of New Guinea. Politically, they are divided between the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) in the cen ...

* '' Cosmophasis baehrae'' Zabka & Waldock, 2012 -

* '' Cosmophasis bandaneira'' Hurni-Cranston & Hill, 2020 -

Banda Islands The Banda Islands () are a volcanic group of ten small volcanic islands in the Banda Sea, about south of Seram Island and about east of Java (island), Java, and constitute an administrative district (''kecamatan'') within the Central Maluku ...

* '' Cosmophasis banika'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 -

Solomon Islands Solomon Islands, also known simply as the Solomons,John Prados, ''Islands of Destiny'', Dutton Caliber, 2012, p,20 and passim is an island country consisting of six major islands and over 1000 smaller islands in Melanesia, part of Oceania, t ...

* '' Cosmophasis bitaeniata'' ( Keyserling, 1882) –

New Guinea New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; , fossilized , also known as Papua or historically ) is the List of islands by area, world's second-largest island, with an area of . Located in Melanesia in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, the island is ...

Micronesia Micronesia (, ) is a subregion of Oceania, consisting of approximately 2,000 small islands in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean. It has a close shared cultural history with three other island regions: Maritime Southeast Asia to the west, Poly ...

* '' Cosmophasis chlorophthalma'' (Simon, 1898) –

New Hebrides New Hebrides, officially the New Hebrides Condominium () and named after the Hebrides in Scotland, was the colonial name for the island group in the South Pacific Ocean that is now Vanuatu. Native people had inhabited the islands for three th ...

* '' Cosmophasis chopardi'' Berland & Millot, 1941 –

Ivory Coast Ivory Coast, also known as Côte d'Ivoire and officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a country on the southern coast of West Africa. Its capital city of Yamoussoukro is located in the centre of the country, while its largest List of ci ...

* '' Cosmophasis colemani'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – Australia (Queensland) * '' Cosmophasis courti'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea * '' Cosmophasis cypria'' ( Thorell, 1890) –

Java Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea (a part of Pacific Ocean) to the north. With a population of 156.9 million people (including Madura) in mid 2024, proje ...

* '' Cosmophasis darwini'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – Australia (Northern Territory) * '' Cosmophasis depilata'' Caporiacco, 1940 –

Ethiopia Ethiopia, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country located in the Horn of Africa region of East Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the north, Djibouti to the northeast, Somalia to the east, Ken ...

* '' Cosmophasis estrellaensis'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 –

Philippines The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...

* '' Cosmophasis fazanica'' Caporiacco, 1936 –

Libya Libya, officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to Egypt–Libya border, the east, Sudan to Libya–Sudan border, the southeast, Chad to Chad–L ...

* '' Cosmophasis gemmans'' (Thorell, 1890) –

Sumatra Sumatra () is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the list of islands by area, sixth-largest island in the world at 482,286.55 km2 (182,812 mi. ...

* '' Cosmophasis harveyi'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea * '' Cosmophasis hortoni'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – Solomon Is. * '' Cosmophasis humphreysi'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea * '' Cosmophasis kairiru'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea * '' Cosmophasis kohi'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea * ''

Cosmophasis lami ''Cosmophasis lami'', also known as the Lami Beach northern jumping spider or tangerine garden jumper, is a species of jumping spider in the genus ''Cosmophasis'', probably Native species, native to South East Asia and some List of islands in the ...

'' Berry, Beatty & Prószyński, 1997 –

East Asia East Asia is a geocultural region of Asia. It includes China, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan, plus two special administrative regions of China, Hong Kong and Macau. The economies of Economy of China, China, Economy of Ja ...

South East Asia Southeast Asia is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Mainland Au ...

Pacific islands The Pacific islands are a group of islands in the Pacific Ocean. They are further categorized into three major island groups: Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Depending on the context, the term ''Pacific Islands'' may refer to one of several ...

* '' Cosmophasis laticlavia'' (Thorell, 1892) – Sumatra * '' Cosmophasis lucidiventris'' Simon, 1910 –

Gabon Gabon ( ; ), officially the Gabonese Republic (), is a country on the Atlantic coast of Central Africa, on the equator, bordered by Equatorial Guinea to the northwest, Cameroon to the north, the Republic of the Congo to the east and south, and ...

* '' Cosmophasis lungga'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – Solomon Islands * '' Cosmophasis maculiventris'' Strand, 1911 – Aru Islands * '' Cosmophasis masarangi'' Merian, 1911 –

Sulawesi Sulawesi ( ), also known as Celebes ( ), is an island in Indonesia. One of the four Greater Sunda Islands, and the List of islands by area, world's 11th-largest island, it is situated east of Borneo, west of the Maluku Islands, and south of Min ...

* '' Cosmophasis micans'' ( L. Koch, 1880) –

Queensland Queensland ( , commonly abbreviated as Qld) is a States and territories of Australia, state in northeastern Australia, and is the second-largest and third-most populous state in Australia. It is bordered by the Northern Territory, South Austr ...

* '' Cosmophasis micarioides'' (L. Koch, 1880) – New Guinea, Queensland,

* '' Cosmophasis miniaceomicans'' (Simon, 1888) –

Andaman Islands The Andaman Islands () are an archipelago, made up of 200 islands, in the northeastern Indian Ocean about southwest off the coasts of Myanmar's Ayeyarwady Region. Together with the Nicobar Islands to their south, the Andamans serve as a mari ...

* '' Cosmophasis modesta'' (L. Koch, 1880) – Queensland * '' Cosmophasis monacha'' (Thorell, 1881) – New Guinea * '' Cosmophasis motmot'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea * '' Cosmophasis obscura'' (Keyserling, 1882) – Queensland * '' Cosmophasis olorina'' (Simon, 1901) –

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, also known historically as Ceylon, is an island country in South Asia. It lies in the Indian Ocean, southwest of the Bay of Bengal, separated from the Indian subcontinent, ...

* '' Cosmophasis ombria'' (Thorell, 1877) – Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, Krakatau) * '' Cosmophasis orsimoides''

Strand Strand or The Strand may refer to: Topography *The flat area of land bordering a body of water, a: ** Beach ** Shoreline * Strand swamp, a type of swamp habitat in Florida Places Africa * Strand, Western Cape, a seaside town in South Africa * ...

, 1911 –

Kei Islands The Kai Islands (also Kei Islands) of Indonesia are a group of islands in the southeastern part of the Maluku Islands, located in the province of Maluku. The Moluccas have been known as the Spice Islands due to regionally specific plants such ...

* '' Cosmophasis panjangensis'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – Indonesia (Krakatau) * '' Cosmophasis parangpilota'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines * '' Cosmophasis psittacina'' (Thorell, 1887) – Myanmar * '' Cosmophasis pulchella'' Caporiacco, 1947 – Ethiopia * '' Cosmophasis quadricincta'' (Simon, 1885) –

Singapore Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, is an island country and city-state in Southeast Asia. The country's territory comprises one main island, 63 satellite islands and islets, and one outlying islet. It is about one degree ...

* '' Cosmophasis rakata'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – Indonesia (Krakatau) * '' Cosmophasis risbeci'' Berland, 1938 – New Hebrides * '' Cosmophasis sertungensis'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – Indonesia (Krakatau) * '' Cosmophasis squamata'' Kulczyński, 1910 – Solomon Islands,

Seychelles Seychelles (, ; ), officially the Republic of Seychelles (; Seychellois Creole: ), is an island country and archipelagic state consisting of 155 islands (as per the Constitution) in the Indian Ocean. Its capital and largest city, Victoria, ...

* '' Cosmophasis strandi'' Caporiacco, 1947 – East Africa * '' Cosmophasis tavurvur'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea * '' Cosmophasis thalassina'' ( C. L. Koch, 1846) –

Malaysia Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia. Featuring the Tanjung Piai, southernmost point of continental Eurasia, it is a federation, federal constitutional monarchy consisting of States and federal territories of Malaysia, 13 states and thre ...

to Australia * '' Cosmophasis tricincta'' Simon, 1910 –

Bioko Bioko (; ; ; historically known as Fernando Pó, ) is an island of Equatorial Guinea. It is located south of the coast of Cameroon, and northwest of the northernmost part of mainland Equatorial Guinea. Malabo, on the north coast of the is ...

* '' Cosmophasis trioipina'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines * '' Cosmophasis tristriatus'' (L. Koch, 1880) – Palau Is. * '' Cosmophasis trobriand'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea * '' Cosmophasis umbratica'' Simon, 1903 –

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

to Sumatra * '' Cosmophasis valerieae'' Prószyński & Deeleman-Reinhold, 2010 – Indonesia (Java, Lesser Sunda Is.) * '' Cosmophasis viridifasciata'' (

Doleschall Carl Ludwig Doleschall (; ; born 15 July 1827 – died 26 February 1859) was born in Vág-Újhely, Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867), Kingdom of Hungary, Austrian Empire (now Nové Mesto nad Váhom, Slovakia), as the son of the theologian Michael Do ...

, 1859) – Sumatra to New Guinea * '' Cosmophasis waeri'' Hurni-Cranston & Hill, 2020 -

* '' Cosmophasis weyersi'' (Simon, 1899) – Sumatra *'' Cosmophasis xiaolonghaensis'' Cao & Li, 2016 In 2012, Marek Żabka and Julianne Waldock proposed 5 new species groups, it being the C.thalassina species group, C. bitaeniata species group, C. micarioides species group, C. tristriatus species group, and the C. rakata species group. Formerly placed in this genus include: * ''Cosmophasis australis''

Simon Simon may refer to: People * Simon (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters with the given name Simon * Simon (surname), including a list of people with the surname Simon * Eugène Simon, French naturalist and the genus ...

, 1902 → '' Phintella australis'' * ''Cosmophasis caerulea'' Simon, 1901 → ''

Mexcala caerulea ''Mexcala'' is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by George and Elizabeth Peckham in 1902. The name is probably derived from the Nahuatl ''mezcal''. Species it contains twenty-one species, found only in Africa, Yemen, and Iran ...

'' * ''Cosmophasis fagei'' Lessert, 1925 → '' Icius fagei'' * ''Cosmophasis nigrocyanea'' (Simon, 1885) → '' Mexcala nigrocyanea'' * ''Cosmophasis quadrimaculata'' Lawrence, 1942 → '' Mexcala quadrimaculata'' * ''Cosmophasis longiventris'' Simon, 1903 → Chrysilla lauta

References

External links

Photograph of ''Cosmophasis'' sp.

Photograph of ''C. rubra''
{{Taxonbar, from=Q1033976 Salticidae genera Spiders of Africa Spiders of Asia Spiders of Australia Salticidae

Description

Taxonomy

References

Further reading

External links