''Cosmophasis'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

spider Spiders (order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude silk. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species d ...

s in the family

Salticidae Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family Salticidae. As of 2019, this family contained over 600 described genera and over 6,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders at 13% of all species. Jumping spi ...

(jumping spiders). They are predominantly

Southeast Asian Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, south-eastern region of Asia, consistin ...

, while some species occur in

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...

and Australia. Although most species more or less mimic ants, there are also colorful speciesJerzy Proszynski
''Cosmophasis''
/ref> that follow a different strategy. ''C. bitaeniata'' uses

chemical mimicry Chemical mimicry (also referred to as molecular mimicry) is a type of biological mimicry, involving the use of chemicals to dupe an operator. A chemical mimic dupes an operator (e.g. a predator) by showing an adaptive chemical resemblance to an obj ...

to be accepted by the aggressive weaver ant species ''

Oecophylla smaragdina ''Oecophylla smaragdina'' (common names include Asian weaver ant, weaver ant, green ant, green tree ant, semut rangrang, semut kerangga, and orange gaster) is a species of arboreal ant found in tropical Asia and Australia. These ants form colon ...

''. One species, said to be not a particularly good ant mimic, was observed living near and preying on ants. According to (Murphy & Murphy, 2000), "to watch the spider stalking and killing its prey is an arachnological spectacular".

Description

Species in this genus are from 3.80 to 8.00 mm long. The

cephalothorax The cephalothorax, also called prosoma in some groups, is a tagma of various arthropods, comprising the head and the thorax fused together, as distinct from the abdomen behind. (The terms ''prosoma'' and ''opisthosoma'' are equivalent to ''ceph ...

es are pear-shaped(for some males) or rectangular.

Taxonomy

, the

World Spider Catalog The World Spider Catalog (WSC) is an online searchable database concerned with spider taxonomy. It aims to list all accepted families, genera and species, as well as provide access to the related taxonomic literature. The WSC began as a series of ...

accepted the following species: * '' Cosmophasis albipes''

Berland Berland is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Bjørn Berland (born 1977), Norwegian footballer * Eliezer Berland (born 1937), Israeli Breslov rabbi * François Berland (born 1958), French actor * Gary Berland (1950–1988), Ame ...

& Millot, 1941 – Guinea * '' Cosmophasis albomaculata'' Schenkel, 1944 –

Timor Timor is an island at the southern end of Maritime Southeast Asia, in the north of the Timor Sea. The island is divided between the sovereign states of East Timor on the eastern part and Indonesia on the western part. The Indonesian part, al ...

* '' Cosmophasis ambonensis'' Hurni-Cranston & Hill, 2020 -

Ambon Island Ambon Island is part of the Maluku Islands of Indonesia. The island has an area of and is mountainous, well watered, and fertile. Ambon Island consists of two territories: the city of Ambon to the south and various districts (''kecamatan'') o ...

* '' Cosmophasis arborea'' Berry, Beatty & Prószyński, 1997 –

Caroline Islands The Caroline Islands (or the Carolines) are a widely scattered archipelago of tiny islands in the western Pacific Ocean, to the north of New Guinea. Politically, they are divided between the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) in the centra ...

* '' Cosmophasis baehrae'' Zabka & Waldock, 2012 - Australia * '' Cosmophasis bandaneira'' Hurni-Cranston & Hill, 2020 -

Banda Islands The Banda Islands ( id, Kepulauan Banda) are a volcanic group of ten small volcanic islands in the Banda Sea, about south of Seram Island and about east of Java, and constitute an administrative district (''kecamatan'') within the Centr ...

* '' Cosmophasis banika'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 -

Solomon Islands Solomon Islands is an island country consisting of six major islands and over 900 smaller islands in Oceania, to the east of Papua New Guinea and north-west of Vanuatu. It has a land area of , and a population of approx. 700,000. Its ca ...

* '' Cosmophasis bitaeniata'' (

Keyserling Keyserling is the surname of several members of the noble House of Keyserlingk: * Alexander Keyserling (1815–1891), Russian geologist, paleontologist, botanist and zoologist * Eugen von Keyserling (1833–1889), German arachnologist * Hermann ...

, 1882) –

New Guinea New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; id, Papua, or , historically ) is the world's second-largest island with an area of . Located in Oceania in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, the island is separated from Australia by the wide Torr ...

, Australia,

Micronesia Micronesia (, ) is a subregion of Oceania, consisting of about 2,000 small islands in the western Pacific Ocean. It has a close shared cultural history with three other island regions: the Philippines to the west, Polynesia to the east, and ...

* '' Cosmophasis chlorophthalma'' (Simon, 1898) –

New Hebrides New Hebrides, officially the New Hebrides Condominium (french: link=no, Condominium des Nouvelles-Hébrides, "Condominium of the New Hebrides") and named after the Hebrides Scottish archipelago, was the colonial name for the island group ...

* '' Cosmophasis chopardi'' Berland & Millot, 1941 –

Ivory Coast Ivory Coast, also known as Côte d'Ivoire, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a country on the southern coast of West Africa. Its capital is Yamoussoukro, in the centre of the country, while its largest city and economic centre is ...

* '' Cosmophasis colemani'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – Australia (Queensland) * '' Cosmophasis courti'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea * '' Cosmophasis cypria'' ( Thorell, 1890) –

Java Java (; id, Jawa, ; jv, ꦗꦮ; su, ) is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea to the north. With a population of 151.6 million people, Java is the world's mo ...

* ''

Cosmophasis darwini ''Cosmophasis'' is a genus of spiders in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). They are predominantly Southeast Asian, while some species occur in Africa and Australia. Although most species more or less mimic ants, there are also colorfu ...

'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – Australia (Northern Territory) * '' Cosmophasis depilata'' Caporiacco, 1940 –

Ethiopia Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ti, ኢትዮጵያ, Ítiyop'iya, aa, Itiyoppiya officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the Er ...

* ''

Cosmophasis estrellaensis ''Cosmophasis'' is a genus of spiders in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). They are predominantly Southeast Asian, while some species occur in Africa and Australia. Although most species more or less mimic ants, there are also colorfu ...

'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 –

Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...

* '' Cosmophasis fazanica'' Caporiacco, 1936 –

Libya Libya (; ar, ليبيا, Lībiyā), officially the State of Libya ( ar, دولة ليبيا, Dawlat Lībiyā), is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Su ...

* '' Cosmophasis gemmans'' (Thorell, 1890) – Sumatra * '' Cosmophasis harveyi'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea * '' Cosmophasis hortoni'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – Solomon Is. * '' Cosmophasis humphreysi'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea * '' Cosmophasis kairiru'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea * '' Cosmophasis kohi'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea * ''

Cosmophasis lami ''Cosmophasis lami'', also known as the Lami Beach northern jumping spider or tangerine garden jumper, is a species of jumping spider in the genus ''Cosmophasis'', probably Native species, native to South East Asia and some List of islands in the ...

'' Berry, Beatty & Prószyński, 1997 – Fiji * '' Cosmophasis laticlavia'' (Thorell, 1892) – Sumatra * '' Cosmophasis lucidiventris'' Simon, 1910 –

Gabon Gabon (; ; snq, Ngabu), officially the Gabonese Republic (french: République gabonaise), is a country on the west coast of Central Africa. Located on the equator, it is bordered by Equatorial Guinea to the northwest, Cameroon to the north ...

* '' Cosmophasis lungga'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – Solomon Islands * '' Cosmophasis maculiventris'' Strand, 1911 – Aru Islands * '' Cosmophasis masarangi'' Merian, 1911 – Sulawesi * '' Cosmophasis micans'' ( L. Koch, 1880) –

Queensland ) , nickname = Sunshine State , image_map = Queensland in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of Queensland in Australia , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , established_ ...

* '' Cosmophasis micarioides'' (L. Koch, 1880) – New Guinea, Queensland,

* '' Cosmophasis miniaceomicans'' (Simon, 1888) –

Andaman Islands The Andaman Islands () are an archipelago in the northeastern Indian Ocean about southwest off the coasts of Myanmar's Ayeyarwady Region. Together with the Nicobar Islands to their south, the Andamans serve as a maritime boundary between th ...

* '' Cosmophasis modesta'' (L. Koch, 1880) – Queensland * '' Cosmophasis monacha'' (Thorell, 1881) – New Guinea * '' Cosmophasis motmot'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea * '' Cosmophasis nigrocyanea'' (Simon, 1885) –

Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Med ...

, Ethiopia--> * '' Cosmophasis obscura'' (Keyserling, 1882) – Queensland * '' Cosmophasis olorina'' (Simon, 1901) –

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්‍රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-std=ISO ()), formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an ...

* '' Cosmophasis ombria'' (Thorell, 1877) – Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, Krakatau) * '' Cosmophasis orsimoides''

Strand Strand may refer to: Topography *The flat area of land bordering a body of water, a: ** Beach ** Shoreline * Strand swamp, a type of swamp habitat in Florida Places Africa *Strand, Western Cape, a seaside town in South Africa *Strand Street, ...

, 1911 –

Kei Islands The Kai Islands (also Kei Islands) of Indonesia are a group of islands in the southeastern part of the Maluku Islands, located in the province of Maluku. The Moluccas have been known as the Spice Islands due to regionally specific plants such ...

* '' Cosmophasis panjangensis'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – Indonesia (Krakatau) * '' Cosmophasis parangpilota'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines * '' Cosmophasis psittacina'' (Thorell, 1887) – Myanmar * '' Cosmophasis pulchella'' Caporiacco, 1947 – Ethiopia * '' Cosmophasis quadricincta'' (Simon, 1885) –

Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, borde ...

* '' Cosmophasis rakata'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – Indonesia (Krakatau) * '' Cosmophasis risbeci'' Berland, 1938 – New Hebrides * '' Cosmophasis sertungensis'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – Indonesia (Krakatau) * '' Cosmophasis squamata'' Kulczyński, 1910 – Solomon Islands,

Seychelles Seychelles (, ; ), officially the Republic of Seychelles (french: link=no, République des Seychelles; Creole: ''La Repiblik Sesel''), is an archipelagic state consisting of 115 islands in the Indian Ocean. Its capital and largest city, ...

* '' Cosmophasis strandi'' Caporiacco, 1947 – East Africa * '' Cosmophasis tavurvur'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea * '' Cosmophasis thalassina'' (

C. L. Koch Carl Ludwig Koch (21 September 1778 – 23 August 1857) was a German entomologist and arachnologist. He was responsible for classifying a great number of spiders, including the Brazilian whiteknee tarantula and common house spider. He was born ...

, 1846) –

Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...

to Australia * '' Cosmophasis tricincta'' Simon, 1910 –

Bioko Bioko (; historically Fernando Po; bvb, Ëtulá Ëria) is an island off the west coast of Africa and the northernmost part of Equatorial Guinea. Its population was 335,048 at the 2015 census and it covers an area of . The island is located of ...

* '' Cosmophasis trioipina'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines * '' Cosmophasis tristriatus'' (L. Koch, 1880) – Palau Is. * '' Cosmophasis trobriand'' Żabka & Waldock, 2012 – New Guinea * '' Cosmophasis umbratica'' Simon, 1903 –

India India, officially the Republic of India ( Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the ...

to Sumatra * '' Cosmophasis valerieae'' Prószyński & Deeleman-Reinhold, 2010 – Indonesia (Java, Lesser Sunda Is.) * '' Cosmophasis viridifasciata'' (

Doleschall Carl Ludwig Doleschall ( hu, Doleschall Lajos; sk, Karol Ľudovít Doležal; born 15 July 1827 – died 26 February 1859) was born in Vág-Újhely, Kingdom of Hungary, Austrian Empire (now Nové Mesto nad Váhom, Slovakia), as the son of the theolo ...

, 1859) – Sumatra to New Guinea * '' Cosmophasis waeri'' Hurni-Cranston & Hill, 2020 -

* '' Cosmophasis weyersi'' (Simon, 1899) – Sumatra *''

Cosmophasis xiaolonghaensis ''Cosmophasis'' is a genus of spiders in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). They are predominantly Southeast Asian, while some species occur in Africa and Australia. Although most species more or less mimic ants, there are also colorfu ...

'' Cao & Li, 2016 In 2012, Marek Żabka and Julianne Waldock proposed 5 new species groups, it being the C.thalassina species group, C. bitaeniata species group, C. micarioides species group, C. tristriatus species group, and the C. rakata species group. Formerly placed in this genus include: * ''Cosmophasis australis''

Simon Simon may refer to: People * Simon (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters with the given name Simon * Simon (surname), including a list of people with the surname Simon * Eugène Simon, French naturalist and the genus ...

, 1902 → ''

Phintella australis ''Phintella'' is a genus of Salticidae, jumping spiders that was first described by W. Bösenberg & Embrik Strand in 1906. Species it contains fifty-nine species and one subspecies, found in Oceania, Asia, Europe, and Africa: *''Phintella abnorm ...

'' * ''Cosmophasis caerulea'' Simon, 1901 → ''

Mexcala caerulea ''Mexcala'' is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by George and Elizabeth Peckham in 1902. The name is probably derived from the Nahuatl '' mezcal''. Species it contains twenty-one species, found only in Africa, Yemen, and I ...

'' * ''Cosmophasis fagei'' Lessert, 1925 → ''

Icius fagei ''Icius'' is a genus of jumping spiders described by Eugène Simon in 1876, belonging to the Order Araneae, Family Salticidae. Distribution ''Icius'' is an almost cosmopolitan genus, widespread in Europe (mainly in Belgium, Croatia, France ...

'' * ''Cosmophasis quadrimaculata'' Lawrence, 1942 → ''

Mexcala quadrimaculata ''Mexcala'' is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by George and Elizabeth Peckham in 1902. The name is probably derived from the Nahuatl '' mezcal''. Species it contains twenty-one species, found only in Africa, Yemen, and Iran ...

'' * ''

Cosmophasis longiventris ''Chrysilla lauta'' is the type species of the jumping spider genus '' Chrysilla''. It occurs in rain forestMurphy & Murphy 2000: 298 from Burma to China and Vietnam. Although known since 1887, it has only been described from male specimens.Platn ...

'' Simon, 1903 →

Chrysilla lauta ''Chrysilla lauta'' is the type species of the jumping spider genus ''Chrysilla''. It occurs in rain forestMurphy & Murphy 2000: 298 from Burma to China and Vietnam. Although known since 1887, it has only been described from male specimens. ...

References

External links

Photograph of ''Cosmophasis'' sp.

Photograph of ''C. rubra''
{{Taxonbar, from=Q1033976 Salticidae genera Spiders of Africa Spiders of Asia Spiders of Australia Salticidae

Description

Taxonomy

References

Further reading

External links