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Civic Choice ( it, Scelta Civica; SC) was a centrist and liberal

political party in Italy This article contains a list of political parties in Italy since Italian unification in 1861. Throughout history, numerous political parties have been operating in Italy, and since World War II no party has ever gained enough support to govern ...

founded by

Mario Monti Mario Monti, (born 19 March 1943) is an Italian economist and academic who served as the Prime Minister of Italy from 2011 to 2013, leading a technocratic government in the wake of the Italian debt crisis. Monti served as a European Commissi ...

. The party was formed in the run-up of the

2013 general election Thirteen or 13 may refer to: * 13 (number), the natural number following 12 and preceding 14 * One of the years 13 BC, AD 13, 1913, 2013 Music * 13AD (band), an Indian classic and hard rock band Albums * ''13'' (Black Sabbath album), 2013 * ...

to support the outgoing

Prime Minister A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is ...

Monti and continue his political agenda. In the election SC was part of a centrist coalition named

With Monti for Italy With Monti for Italy ( it, Con Monti per l'Italia) was an electoral coalition of political parties in Italy, formed for the 2013 general election to support the outgoing Prime Minister Mario Monti and his reform plans. Its platform was based on ...

, along with Union of the Centre of

Pier Ferdinando Casini Pier Ferdinando Casini (; born 3 December 1955) is an Italian politician. He served as President of the Chamber of Deputies from 2001 to 2006. Casini is the honorary president of the Centrist Democrat International and the Inter-Parliamentary ...

and

Future and Freedom Future and Freedom ( it, Futuro e Libertà), whose full name was Future and Freedom for Italy (''Futuro e Libertà per l'Italia'', abbreviated to FLI), was a political party in Italy, comprising both liberal and national conservative elements. F ...

Gianfranco Fini Gianfranco Fini (born 3 January 1952) is an Italian politician who served as the president of the Italian Chamber of Deputies from 2008 to 2013. He is the former leader of the far-right Italian Social Movement, the conservative National Allianc ...

. In April 2013, SC became part of the

grand coalition A grand coalition is an arrangement in a multi-party parliamentary system in which the two largest political parties of opposing political ideologies unite in a coalition government. The term is most commonly used in countries where there ar ...

government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government ...

led by Enrico Letta of the

Democratic Party Democratic Party most often refers to: *Democratic Party (United States) Democratic Party and similar terms may also refer to: Active parties Africa *Botswana Democratic Party *Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea *Gabonese Democratic Party *Demo ...

. In February 2014 after Letta's resignation, Civic Choice supported the

cabinet Cabinet or The Cabinet may refer to: Furniture * Cabinetry, a box-shaped piece of furniture with doors and/or drawers * Display cabinet, a piece of furniture with one or more transparent glass sheets or transparent polycarbonate sheets * Filing ...

Matteo Renzi Matteo Renzi (; born 11 January 1975) is an Italian politician who served as prime minister of Italy from 2014 to 2016. He has been a senator for Florence since 2018. Renzi has served as the leader of Italia Viva (IV) since 2019, having b ...

. After that, the party did not support the

Paolo Gentiloni Paolo Gentiloni Silveri (; born 22 November 1954) is an Italian politician who has served as European Commissioner for Economy in the von der Leyen Commission since 1 December 2019. He previously served as prime minister of Italy from Decemb ...

; by the end of 2017, SC joined forces with

Silvio Berlusconi Silvio Berlusconi ( ; ; born 29 September 1936) is an Italian media tycoon and politician who served as Prime Minister of Italy in four governments from 1994 to 1995, 2001 to 2006 and 2008 to 2011. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies ...

Forza Italia Forza ItaliaThe name is not usually translated into English: ''forza'' is the second-person singular imperative of ''forzare'', in this case translating to "to compel" or "to press", and so means something like "Forward, Italy", "Come on, Ital ...

. Following the

2018 Italian general election The 2018 Italian general election was held on 4 March 2018 after the Italian Parliament was dissolved by President Sergio Mattarella on 28 December 2017. Voters were electing the 630 members of the Chamber of Deputies and the 315 elective memb ...

, the party was disbanded on 24 July 2019.

History

Foundation and composition

In order to compete in the upcoming

general election A general election is a political voting election where generally all or most members of a given political body are chosen. These are usually held for a nation, state, or territory's primary legislative body, and are different from by-elections ( ...

, on 4 January 2013 technocratic Prime Minister

launched SC as an electoral list of the "civil society" to implement his "agenda". It was announced that SC would be part of the

(CMI) coalition, alongside the Union of the Centre (UdC) and

(FLI). At its beginnings SC was composed of several groups and individuals, who were represented in the party's lists:Lista candidati di “Scelta Civica"-"Con Monti per. Italia" - Italia e Circoscrizione Estero - Insieme per l'Agenda Monti
. (20 January 2013). Retrieved 28 August 2013. *

Toward the Third Republic Toward the Third Republic (''Verso la Terza Repubblica'') was a political manifesto for a new centrist political party in Italy launched during a convention in Rome on 17 November 2012. It aimed at forming a political base for Prime Minister Mario ...

(''Verso la Terza Repubblica'', VTR),A Montecitorio spazio solo alla società civile Le «quote» del Senato
Archiviostorico.corriere.it. Retrieved 24 August 2013. notably including: ** Future Italy (''Italia Futura'', IF), led by

Luca Cordero di Montezemolo Luca Cordero di Montezemolo (; born 31 August 1947) is an Italian businessman, former Chairman of Ferrari, and formerly Chairman of Fiat S.p.A. and President of Confindustria and FIEG. He comes from an aristocratic family from the region of Pied ...

;La sorpresa di Monti in Veneto, piace al Nord-est - [ Il Foglio.it › La giornata ]
. Ilfoglio.it. Retrieved 24 August 2013. **leading figures of Catholic Church">Catholic The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwide . It is am ...

ecclesial movements, such as minister Andrea Riccardi of the Community of Sant'Egidio and Andrea Olivero of the Christian Associations of Italian Workers (ACLI); **Union for Trentino (''Unione per il Trentino'', UpT), led by Lorenzo Dellai; ** Toward North (''Verso Nord''), led by

Alessio Vianello Alessio is a mostly Italian male name, Italian form of Alexius. Individuals with the given name Alessio *Alessio Ascalesi (1872–1952), Italian cardinal *Alessio Boni (born 1966), Italian actor *Alessio Cerci (born 1987), Italian footballer *A ...

; *ministers of Monti's technical government, including Riccardi,

Renato Balduzzi Renato Balduzzi (born 12 February 1955) is an Italian academic and politician. He served as the Italian minister of health under Prime Minister Mario Monti from November 2011 to April 2013. Early life Renato Balduzzi was born on 12 February 195 ...

and Enzo Moavero Milanesi (a fourth minister,

Mario Catania Mario Catania (born 5 March 1952) served as the Italian minister of agriculture under Prime Minister Mario Monti from November 2011 to 28 April 2013. Biography Mario Catania was born on 5 March 1952 in Rome. He was the head of department o ...

, ran with UdC; others, like

Corrado Passera Corrado Passera (born 30 December 1954 in Como, Italy) is an Italian manager and banker who has held numerous executive-level positions in various industrial and financial sectors and served as minister of economic development and infrastruc ...

, chose not to endorse Monti); *dissidents from

The People of Freedom The People of Freedom ( it, Il Popolo della Libertà, PdL) was a centre-right political party in Italy. The PdL, launched by Silvio Berlusconi on 18 November 2007, was initially a federation of political parties, notably including Forza Italia ...

(PdL), including

Mario Mauro Mario Mauro (born 24 July 1961) is an Italian politician and a university teacher of history. He is the former Minister of Defense, having served in the Letta Cabinet from 2013 to 2014. From 1999 to 2013, he was a member of the European Parliame ...

, Gabriele Albertini and

Giuliano Cazzola People with the Italian given name or surname Giuliano () have included: In arts and entertainment Surname * Geoffrey Giuliano, American author * Maurizio Giuliano, writer and Guinness-record-holding traveler Given name * Giuliano Gemma, actor * ...

, plus others retiring from Parliament (

Franco Frattini Franco Frattini (14 March 1957 – 24 December 2022) was an Italian politician and magistrate. From January to December 2022, Frattini served as president of the Council of State. Frattini previously served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from ...

, Giuseppe Pisanu, etc.);Centristi, vertice sulle candidature E Bondi taglia i profili «sospetti»
Archiviostorico.corriere.it. Retrieved 24 August 2013.E in Toscana e Umbria il Professore schiera gli ex renziani
Archiviostorico.corriere.it. Retrieved 24 August 2013.Centristi, caccia a cattolici e renziani delusi
Archiviostorico.corriere.it. Retrieved 24 August 2013. *dissidents from the

(PD), including Pietro Ichino,

Maria Paola Merloni Maria may refer to: People * Mary, mother of Jesus * Maria (given name), a popular given name in many languages Place names Extraterrestrial *170 Maria, a Main belt S-type asteroid discovered in 1877 *Lunar maria (plural of ''mare''), large, da ...

, Alessandro Maran, Benedetto Adragna, plus others retiring from Parliament ( Lucio D'Ubaldo, Flavio Pertoldi, etc.); *

Italian Union Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance language *** Regional Ita ...

(''Unione Italiana'', UI), led by Gianfranco Librandi; *individuals from other parties, such as Fabio Gava of the

Italian Liberal Party The Italian Liberal Party ( it, Partito Liberale Italiano, PLI) was a liberal and conservative political party in Italy. The PLI, which is the heir of the liberal currents of both the Historical Right and the Historical Left, was a minor part ...

(PLI) and

Emanuela Baio Emanuela (minor planet designation: 576 Emanuela) is an asteroid An asteroid is a minor planet of the inner Solar System. Sizes and shapes of asteroids vary significantly, ranging from 1-meter rocks to a dwarf planet almost 1000 km in di ...

of Alliance for Italy (ApI). *other minor groups and individuals, notably including

Linda Lanzillotta Linda Lanzillotta (born 7 September 1948) is an Italian politician. She was the minister for regional affairs and local communities between 2006 and 2008. Early life Lanzillotta was born in Cassano all'Ionio in the Province of Cosenza on 7 Septe ...

(a senator elected with ApI), Alberto Bombassei (a former vice president of Confindustria), Luigi Marino (president of Confcooperative), Mario Sechi, Ilaria Capua, Valentina Vezzali and

Annalisa Minetti Annalisa Minetti (born 27 December 1976 in Rho) is an Italian singer, politician and Paralympic athlete. Minetti was a beauty pageant contestant in the 1997 edition of Miss Italia; she gained public attention because she was the first blind wom ...

2013 general election and aftermath

In the

SC obtained 8.3% of the vote, 37 deputies (in its own lists) and 15 senators (within CMI). After the election, SC deputies and senators formed joint groups named "Civic Choice", including also UdC and FLI MPs, in both houses of Parliament. In late April the party joined Enrico Letta's

, which included three SC leading members:

as minister of Defence, Enzo Moavero Milanesi as minister of European Affairs and Carlo Calenda as deputy minister of Economic Development. The party began to take shape too: on 13 March Monti, who replaced Andrea Riccardi as provisional president, appointed Andrea Olivero as coordinator; on 16 May Monti was unanimously elected president by the party's assembly; on 23 May the leadership proposed by Monti was approved with only three abstentions. In the event Olivero was confirmed coordinator, Alberto Bombassei was appointed first vice president, and

Benedetto Della Vedova Benedetto Della Vedova (Sondrio, 3 April 1962) is an Italian people, Italian politician. A keen pro-Europeanism, pro-Europeanist, Della Vedova is currently president of Forza Europa (2017), Forza Europa (FE) and secretary of More Europe (+EU), t ...

, a former member of the Italian Radicals,

, the PdL and finally FLI, spokesperson. The rest of the leadership was composed mainly by former Democrats:

(vice president), Lorenzo Dellai (party leader in the

Chamber of Deputies The chamber of deputies is the lower house in many bicameral legislatures and the sole house in some unicameral legislatures. Description Historically, French Chamber of Deputies was the lower house of the French Parliament during the Bourbon ...

), Gianluca Susta (party leader in the

Senate A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the e ...

Andrea Causin Andrea Causin (Mestre, 13 September 1972) is an Italian politician from Veneto. A long-time member of the Christian Associations of Italian Workers (ACLI), he was first elected as municipal councillor in Martellago in 1994 for the Italian People ...

(organizational secretary), Pietro Ichino (platform coordinator) and

Gregorio Gitti Gregorio is a masculine given name and a surname. It may refer to: Given name * Gregorio Conrado Álvarez (1925–2016), Uruguayan army general and de facto President of Uruguay from 1981 until 1985 * Gregorio Álvarez (historian) (1889–1986), ...

(local structures' coordinator). No member of Future Italy, a liberal think tank, took a leading role. Since then, the party was often riven by internal disputes. Monti twice presented (and later retracted) his resignation from president. In late July he clashed with the "

Catholic The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwide . It is am ...

" wing of the party, especially with Olivero, whom he accused of being too close to the UdC (whose deputies and senators were part of SC's parliamentary groups). Also Future Italy, seemed to have little patience with the "Catholic" wing and even to be willing to distance from the party. In this phase, an issue which divided SC was the debate on European party affiliation. Some, including the party's "Catholics", former members of PdL and Monti himself, favoured joining the

European People's Party The European People's Party (EPP) is a European political party with Christian-democratic, conservative, and liberal conservatism, liberal-conservative member parties. A transnational organisation, it is composed of other political parties. Fo ...

(EPP), while others, notably those close to Future Italy,

and

, preferred the

Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe The Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE; french: Alliance des Démocrates et des Libéraux pour l'Europe, ADLE) is a transnational alliance between two European political parties, the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Euro ...

(ALDE) Party. It later emerged that Monti had favoured the EPP and had consequently started talks with the EPP's leadership in order to appease the party's Christian democrats led by Mauro and avoid a split.

Monti's resignation and Populars' split

On 17 October 2013 Monti resigned as president of SC and was replaced by his deputy Alberto Bombassei as acting president. Monti cited his disagreement with 12 senators (out of 20), including

, Andrea Olivero, Gabriele Albertini,

(UdC leader),

, Luigi Marino and Lucio Romano. Particularly, Monti criticized Mauro's line of unconditioned support to the government and of transforming SC in a larger

centre-right Centre-right politics lean to the right of the political spectrum, but are closer to the centre. From the 1780s to the 1880s, there was a shift in the Western world of social class structure and the economy, moving away from the nobility and m ...

political party, open to the PdL. One of the 12 senators, Tito Di Maggio, was even unveiled as PdL–SC–UdC joint candidate for President in

Basilicata it, Lucano (man) it, Lucana (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = , demographics1_info1 = ...

. After Monti's abrupt departure, spokesperson

, who represented the liberal wing of the party (including Pietro Ichino, Gianluca Susta,

, etc.), announced that SC would "go on" as a "liberal, people's, reform and European party" and would never form a partnership with the PdL. Lanzillotta remarked that "Italy needs a liberal, people's, deeply reform-minded and Europeanist party" and that "we did not take votes for giving life to a Catholic party and being part of a centre-right still led by Berlusconi. For his part, during a TV interview, Monti stated that "my and SC's commitment does not end now" and that "many tell me they did not vote for SC for the specific reason that we were with president Casini; they might have been right". On 22 October the executive committee voted in favour of the separation from the UdC. The "popular" majority of SC's parliamentary group in the Senate responded by dismissing Susta as floor leader, while Olivero stated that the Populars aimed at forming a party modelled on

Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG),, is a country in Central Europe. It is the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany lies between the Baltic and North Sea to the north and the Alps to the sou ...

's Christian Democratic Union. On 6 November the SC senatorial group, dominated by Populars, elected L. Romano as new floor leader; the decision was not endorsed by Bombassei and was opposed by ''Montiani'' and liberals, who talked about dismissing Lorenzo Dellai from leader in the Chamber as retaliation. On 15 November the Populars walked away from the party's national assembly and left the party altogether. The assembly elected Bombassei president and appointed

Stefania Giannini Stefania Giannini (born 18 November 1960) is an Italian politician and linguist. She served as Minister of Education, Universities and Research from 2014 until 2016. She is currently Assistant-Director General for Education at UNESCO in Paris. ...

secretary. On 23 November the Populars, led by Mauro, Dellai and Olivero, launched Populars for Italy (PpI). On 10 December the party's break-up was effective in Parliament: 20 deputies (led by Dellai) and 12 senators (led by L. Romano) launched For Italy (PI) groups, while 26 deputies (led by

Andrea Romano Andrea Romano may refer to: * Andrea Romano (voice director) (born 1955), American casting director, voice director and voice actress * Andrea Romano (politician) (born 1967), Italian politician * Andrea Romanò Andrea Romanò (born 23 July 1 ...

) and 8 senators (led by Susta) confirmed their allegiance to SC. All the UdC MPs but one joined PI.

From the centre to the Democrats

After

's election as secretary of the

(PD) in December, SC started to approach the centre-left, while ruling out any alliance with the centre-right, once again led by

(FI). SC had long expressed a certain affinity for Renzi, and, in early February 2014,

finally declared that she saw "its party more as the right-wing of a reformed and reforming left than the left-wing of a right that still has in Berlusconi its standard-bearer". Subsequently, SC was a keen supporter of the replacement of Enrico Letta with Renzi. On 22 February 2014 the

Renzi Cabinet The Renzi government was the 63rd government of the Italian Republic, in office from February 2014 to December 2016. It was led by Matteo Renzi, secretary and leader of the centre-left Democratic Party (PD). The government was composed of membe ...

was sworn in with Giannini, a university professor, as minister of Education. On 4 March it was announced that SC would run in the

2014 European Parliament election The 2014 European Parliament election was held in the European Union, from 22 to 25 May 2014. It was the 8th parliamentary election since the first direct elections in 1979, and the first in which the European political parties fielded candi ...

within

European Choice European Choice ( it, Scelta Europea, SE) was a pro-European and primarily liberal electoral alliance of political parties in Italy formed to contest the 2014 European election on a platform influenced heavily by the Belgian MEP Guy Verhofstadt ...

(SE), an electoral list including, among others, Democratic Centre,

Act to Stop the Decline Act to Stop the Decline ( it, Fare per Fermare il Declino, Fare or FFD) was a liberalism, liberal list of political parties in Italy, political party in Italy, founded in 2012 as Stop the Decline (''Fermare il Declino'', FiD). Oscar Giannino and ...

and the

. Members of SC topped SE's slates in two of five constituencies. The decision to side with the

(ALDE) Party, cherished by

Guy Verhofstadt Guy Maurice Marie Louise Verhofstadt (; ; born 11 April 1953) is a Belgian politician who was the leader of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe from 2009 to 2019, and has been a member of the European Parliament (MEP) from Belgium ...

(ALDE's candidate for

President of the European Commission The president of the European Commission is the head of the European Commission, the executive branch of the European Union (EU). The President of the Commission leads a Cabinet of Commissioners, referred to as the College, collectively account ...

) and Romano Prodi, prompted the resignation of

, one of SC's few remaining Christian democrats, from organizational secretary. On 10 April Bombassei resigned as president of the party, citing his disagreement with the party's political re-positionment (no longer a third-party force, but a close ally of Renzi's PD, under Giannini's leadership), the change in party's identity and "prevailing personal ambitions". On election day SC/SE received just 0.7% of the vote and failed to return any MEPs. Consequently, Giannini resigned from secretary. In October A. Romano, who had left the position of floor leader in the Chamber some months earlier, left the party in order to join the PD.

Party's congress and diaspora

In November the party's assembly decided that the new leadership, replacing Giannini and Balduzzi, who had been elected to the Supreme Council of Magistrature and had resigned from Parliament, will be selected in a congress to be held in January 2015. Two candidates, Irene Tinagli and Enrico Zanetti, announced their bid for secretary, while Pietro Ichino was the front-runner to become the party's president. However, in mid December, Tinagli retired from the race. In January 2015

came out against Zanetti on the grounds that SC should continue to exist only through its parliamentary groups, tried to stop the congress (along with Giannini, Bombassei, Ichino, Tinagli, Carlo Calenda,

and other senior members) and finally decided to run for secretary (along with a third candidate, Luciana Cazzaniga). During the congress, postponed two weeks in order not to overlap with the

presidential election A presidential election is the election of any head of state whose official title is President. Elections by country Albania The president of Albania is elected by the Assembly of Albania who are elected by the Albanian public. Chile The pr ...

triggered by President

Giorgio Napolitano Giorgio Napolitano (; born 29 June 1925) is an Italian politician who served as president of Italy from 2006 to 2015, the first Italian president to be re-elected to the presidency. Due to his dominant position in Italian politics, some critics ...

's resignation, Zanetti was virtually unanimously elected secretary. However, on 6 February, two days before the congress, eight senior members of the party (including six former Democrats), including its minister (Giannini), its deputy minister (Calenda), two deputies and five senators (including Giannini), had already left the party; all of them, except Calenda (who later became minister), joined the PD. As a result, the party was deprived of its parliamentary group in the Senate. In fact, of the two remaining senators, Della Vedova left during the congress, while Monti was no longer active. In two years, from the 2013 election to February 2015, SC had lost more than the half of its MPs, mostly to Popular Area and the PD.

Zanetti's leadership and further splits

In July 2015 the party's national board elected Salvatore Matarrese president, Angelo D'Agostino first vice president and Valentina Vezzali vice president. More important, the assembly decided that the party would change name and symbol by the end of the summer, in the effort of being more competitive in the 2016 municipal elections. The new chosen name, "Citizens for Italy", would be used only in local elections, indeed. In January 2016, during a cabinet's reshuffle, Zanetti was promoted deputy minister of the Economy, while another SC deputy, Antimo Cesaro, was appointed undersecretary at Culture. Despite this, the party, which had virtually disappeared from opinion polls, continued to lose deputies and its group in the Chamber was reduced to 20 individuals by February. In the meantime, Zanetti explained that there were similarities between SC and

Denis Verdini Denis Verdini (born 8 May 1951) is an Italian politician, banker, and convicted felon. Biography Born in Fivizzano, he graduated in Political Sciences and later became president of the local cooperative bank Credito Cooperativo Fiorentino. A ...

's Liberal Popular Alliance (ALA), and, according to ''

Corriere della Sera The ''Corriere della Sera'' (; en, "Evening Courier") is an Italian daily newspaper published in Milan with an average daily circulation of 410,242 copies in December 2015. First published on 5 March 1876, ''Corriere della Sera'' is one of I ...

'', the two groups could soon merge. In the meantime, SC formed a federative pact with the Moderates. In July, after that the majority of the party's deputies had come in opposition of an alliance with the ALA (a party basically formed by splinters form Berlusconi's FI), Zanetti led four deputies out of the parliamentary group. Contextually, Zanetti, who pretended to be still the leader of SC, started to organise a joint group with the ALA and, possibly,

Flavio Tosi Flavio Tosi (born 18 June 1969) is an Italian politician who served as the mayor of Verona from 2007 to 2017. He has been a long-time member of Liga Veneta–Lega Nord. Political career Having joined Liga Veneta (LV) in 1991, Tosi was elected ...

Act! Act! (previously known as Sage ACT! 2010–2013) is a customer relationship management (CRM) software and marketing automation software platform designed for, and used by, small and mid-sized businesses. It has a user base of over 800 thousand re ...

, and a new liberal party with the contribution of

Marcello Pera Marcello Pera (; born 28 January 1943
.) is an Italian President of the Senate and former leader of FI in

Tuscany it, Toscano (man) it, Toscana (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = Citizenship , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = Italian , demogra ...

. The party's national board sided with Zanetti in July and the national assembly did the same in October, with 63 votes in favour and 39 against. This caused the final split of the party and the formation of two different parliamentary groups: *"Civic Choice toward Cizitens for Italy – MAIE" (the official SC group), formed by eight deputies of the ALA, five of SC (Zanetti, D'Agostino, Vezzali, Rabino and Giulio Sottanelli, who was elected group leader), two of the Associative Movement Italians Abroad (MAIE) and one splinter from Act!; the group was renamed "Civic Choice – ALA for the Liberal and Popular Constituent Assembly – MAIE" in December 2016; * Civics and Innovators, formed by the rump of the former SC group (

Giovanni Monchiero Giovanni may refer to: * Giovanni (name), an Italian male given name and surname * Giovanni (meteorology), a Web interface for users to analyze NASA's gridded data * ''Don Giovanni'', a 1787 opera by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, based on the legend of ...

stayed as group leader).

Road toward the centre-right

In April 2017 Rabino was elected president of the party. In September 2017 Zanetti re-positioned SC from the centre-left to the centre-right and, more specifically, in close alliance with Berlusconi's FI. The 2017 Sicilian regional election, for which SC announced that its candidates would run within FI's lists, marked the first time that SC officially sided with the centre-right. In November, the party's national board endorsed Zanetti's political line and marked SC's official adhesion to the centre-right coalition. The decision was opposed by a vocal minority of the party's membership and three deputies (

Ernesto Auci Ernesto, form of the name Ernest in several Romance languages, may refer to: * ''Ernesto'' (novel) (1953), an unfinished autobiographical novel by Umberto Saba, published posthumously in 1975 ** ''Ernesto'' (film), a 1979 Italian drama loosely b ...

, D'Agostino and Vezzali) subsequently left and formed the

European Civics European, or Europeans, or Europeneans, may refer to: In general * ''European'', an adjective referring to something of, from, or related to Europe ** Ethnic groups in Europe ** Demographics of Europe ** European cuisine, the cuisines of Europe a ...

. In December 2017 SC was a founding member of

Us with Italy Us with Italy ( it, Noi con l'Italia, NcI) is a liberal-conservative and Christian-democratic political party in Italy. NcI started as a federation of minor centre-right parties and, as such, was part of the centre-right coalition in the 2018 g ...

(NcI), a pro-Berlusconi centrist electoral list within the centre-right coalition for the 2018 general election, along with Act!, splinters of Popular Alternative (AP – two groups, a liberal one led by Enrico Costa and a Christian-democratic one led by

Maurizio Lupi Maurizio Lupi (born 3 October 1959) is an Italian politician. He served as minister of infrastructure and transport between 28 April 2013 and 20 March 2015. Early life and education Lupi was born in Milan, Italy, on 3 October 1959. He has a deg ...

), Direction Italy (DI), Cantiere Popolare (CP) and the Movement for the Autonomies (MpA). NcI was later enlarged to the UdC and Identity and Action (IdeA), with the goal of reaching 3%, required to win seats from proportional lists under a new electoral law. In the election NcI obtained 1.3% and SC had no deputies or senators elected. The party was dissolved in July 2019 and was subsequently cancelled from the Register of Political Parties on 24 July 2019. Zanetti subsequently became a member of Us with Italy when it became a political party in 2021.

Electoral results

Italian Parliament

European Parliament

Regional Councils

Leadership

*President: Andrea Riccardi (2013),

(2013), Alberto Bombassei (2013–2014),

(2014), Salvatore Matarrese (2015–2016), Mariano Rabino (2017) *First Vice President: Andrea Riccardi (2013), Alberto Bombassei (2013),

(2013–2014), Angelo D'Agostino (2015–2017) *Vice President: Carlo Calenda (2013), Ilaria Capua (2013),

(2013),

Milena Santerini Milena may refer to: * ''Milena'' (skipper), a genus of skippers in the family Hesperiidae * Milena, Sicily, a ''comune'' in the Province of Caltanissetta, Italy * Milena (given name), a popular female Slavic name * ''Milena'' (film), a 1991 Fr ...

(2013), Luciano Cimmino (2013–2015), Ilaria Borletti Buitoni (2013–2015), Valentina Vezzali (2015–2017) *Coordinator / Secretary: Andrea Olivero (2013),

(2013–2014), Enrico Zanetti (2015–2017) *Executive Secretary:

Silvia Colombo Silvia () is a female given name of Latin origin, with a male equivalent Silvio and English-language cognate Sylvia. The name originates from the Latin word for forest, ''Silva'', and its meaning is "spirit of the wood"; the mythological god of t ...

(2013–2015) *Organizational Secretary:

(2013–2014), Mariano Rabino (2014–2017) *Spokesperson: Lelio Alfonso (2013–2015),

(2013–2015) *Party Leader in the

: Lorenzo Dellai (2013),

(2013–2014), Andrea Mazziotti (2014–2015),

(2015–2016), Giulio Sottanelli (2016–present) *Party Leader in the

(2013), Gianluca Susta (2013), Lucio Romano (2013), Gianluca Susta (2013–2015)

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Civic Choice Defunct political parties in Italy 2013 establishments in Italy 2017 disestablishments in Italy Centrist parties in Italy Liberal parties in Italy Political parties established in 2013 Political parties disestablished in 2017