''Cheiracanthium'', commonly called ''yellow sac spiders'', is a genus of araneomorph spiders in the family

Cheiracanthiidae ''Cheiracanthiidae'' is a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Vladimir Wagner in 1887. The synonym Eutichuridae was used for a long time, but Cheiracanthiidae has priority. The largest genus currently recognized as belonging to this ...

, and was first described by

Carl Ludwig Koch Carl Ludwig Koch (21 September 1778 – 23 August 1857) was a German entomologist and arachnologist. He was responsible for classifying a great number of spiders, including the Brazilian whiteknee tarantula and common house spider. He was bo ...

in 1839. They are usually pale in colour, and have an abdomen that can range from yellow to beige. Both sexes range in size from . They are unique among common house spiders because their tarsi do not point either outward, like members of ''

Tegenaria ''Tegenaria'' is a genus of fast-running funnel weavers that occupy much of the Northern Hemisphere except for Japan and Indonesia. It was first described by Pierre André Latreille in 1804, though many of its species have been moved elsewhere. ...

'', or inward, like members of ''

Araneus ''Araneus'' is a genus of common orb-weaving spiders. It includes about 650 species, among which are the European garden spider and the barn spider. The genus was erected by Carl Alexander Clerck in 1757. Description Spiders of this genus prese ...

''), making them easier to identify. The name is a reference to the backwardly directed process on the cymbium of the male palp. The species epithet is derived from the Greek grc, χείρ, cheir, meaning "hand", and ''

Acanthium ''Onopordum'', or cottonthistle, is a genus of plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. They are native to southern Europe, northern Africa, the Canary Islands, the Caucasus, and southwest and central Asia. They grow on d ...

'', a genus of thorny-stemmed plants.

Venom

Though they are beneficial predators in agricultural fields, they are also known to be mildly venomous to humans. Painful bites may be incurred from species such as '' C. punctorium'' in Europe, '' C. mildei'' in Europe and

North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...

, '' C. inclusum'' in the

Americas The Americas, which are sometimes collectively called America, are a landmass comprising the totality of North and South America. The Americas make up most of the land in Earth's Western Hemisphere and comprise the New World. Along with th ...

, ''C. lawrencei'' in South Africa and ''C. japonicum'' in

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

. ''Cheiracanthium'' venom is purportedly necrotic, and can cause

pain Pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. The International Association for the Study of Pain defines pain as "an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with, ...

, swelling, and lesions in humans, but the necrotic nature and severity of its bite has been disputed. A study of twenty confirmed ''Cheiracanthium'' bites in the United States and Australia found that none resulted in necrosis. A theory that these spiders were attracted to the smell of gasoline was involved in a series of consumer vehicle callbacks in which spiderwebs had blocked fuel lines, but it has since been disproven by a study which found that the spiders simply found hoses inside of the vehicles to be optimal nesting places. https://scholarworks.iupui.edu/handle/1805/10451

Species

''Cheiracanthium'' is primarily an

Old World The "Old World" is a term for Afro-Eurasia that originated in Europe , after Europeans became aware of the existence of the Americas. It is used to contrast the continents of Africa, Europe, and Asia, which were previously thought of by the ...

genus, with many species found from northern Europe to

, from Southern Africa to India and

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...

. The only known species in the New World are ''C. inclusum'' and ''C. mildei''. While the former also occurs in Africa and

Réunion Réunion (; french: La Réunion, ; previously ''Île Bourbon''; rcf, label= Reunionese Creole, La Rényon) is an island in the Indian Ocean that is an overseas department and region of France. It is located approximately east of the island ...

, the latter is found in the Holarctic region and Argentina. They can also be found in the lower mainland of British Columbia, Canada. The genus is quite diverse in Africa and at least three or four species are known to occur in Egyptian cotton fields alone. it contains 214 species, found in the Caribbean, South America, Oceania, Europe, Central America, Africa, Asia, North America, and on

Saint Helena Saint Helena () is a British overseas territory located in the South Atlantic Ocean. It is a remote volcanic tropical island west of the coast of south-western Africa, and east of Rio de Janeiro in South America. It is one of three constitu ...

: *'' C. abbreviatum'' Simon, 1878 – France, Denmark *'' C. aculeatum'' Simon, 1884 – Africa *'' C. aden'' Lotz, 2007 – Yemen *'' C. adjacens''

O. Pickard-Cambridge Octavius Pickard-Cambridge FRS (3 November 1828 – 9 March 1917) was an English clergyman and zoologist. He was a keen arachnologist who described and named more than 900 species of spider. Life and work Pickard-Cambridge was born in Blox ...

, 1885 –

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

(

Yarkand Yarkant County,, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency also Shache County,, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency also transliterated from Uyghur as Yakan County, is a county in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous ...

), Karakorum *'' C. africanum'' Lessert, 1921 – Africa, Madagascar,

*'' C. aizwalense'' Biswas & Biswas, 2007 – India *'' C. aladanense'' Lotz, 2007 – Yemen *'' C. albidulum'' ( Blackwall, 1859) – Madeira *'' C. algarvense'' Wunderlich, 2012 – Portugal, Spain *'' C. ambrense'' Lotz, 2014 – Madagascar *'' C. ampijoroa'' Lotz, 2014 – Madagascar *'' C. andamanense'' (Tikader, 1977) - India *'' C. andranomay'' Lotz, 2014 – Madagascar *'' C. angolense'' Lotz, 2007 – Angola, Zimbabwe, South Africa *'' C. angulitarse'' Simon, 1878 – Spain, France (

Corsica Corsica ( , Upper , Southern ; it, Corsica; ; french: Corse ; lij, Còrsega; sc, Còssiga) is an island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the 18 regions of France. It is the fourth-largest island in the Mediterranean and lies southeast of ...

), Italy, Hungary, Romania *'' C. anjozorobe'' Lotz, 2014 – Madagascar *'' C. annulipes'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872 – Spain, Egypt, Israel *'' C. antungense'' Chen & Huang, 2012 – Taiwan *'' C. apia'' Platnick, 1998 – Samoa *'' C. approximatum'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885 – China (Yarkand) *'' C. ashleyi'' Lotz, 2014 – Madagascar *'' C. auenati'' Caporiacco, 1936 – Libya *'' C. auriculatum'' Zhang, Zhang & Yu, 2018 – China *'' C. bantaengi'' Merian, 1911 – Indonesia (

Sulawesi Sulawesi (), also known as Celebes (), is an island in Indonesia. One of the four Greater Sunda Islands, and the world's eleventh-largest island, it is situated east of Borneo, west of the Maluku Islands, and south of Mindanao and the Sulu Ar ...

) *'' C. barbarum'' (Lucas, 1846) – Algeria *'' C. boendense'' Lotz, 2015 –

Congo Congo or The Congo may refer to either of two countries that border the Congo River in central Africa: * Democratic Republic of the Congo, the larger country to the southeast, capital Kinshasa, formerly known as Zaire, sometimes referred to a ...

*'' C. brevidens'' Kroneberg, 1875 – Central Asia *'' C. brevispinum'' Song, Feng & Shang, 1982 – China, Korea *'' C. buri'' Esyunin & Efimik, 202 - Russia *'' C. campestre'' Lohmander, 1944 –

Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...

, Denmark, Europe ">Central Europe , Romania, Ukraine, Russia ( Europe) *'' C. canariense'' Wunderlich, 1987 – Canary Is., Turkey, Egypt *'' C. catindigae'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines *'' C. caudatum'' ( Thorell, 1887) –

Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John C. Wells, Joh ...

*'' C. chayuense'' Li & Zhang, 2019 - China *'' C. conflexum'' Simon, 1906 – India *'' C. conspersum'' (Thorell, 1891) – India (Nicobar Is.) *'' C. crucigerum'' Rainbow, 1920 –

(Norfolk Is.) *'' C. danieli'' Tikader, 1975 – India *'' C. daofeng'' Yu & Li, 2020 - China *'' C. daquilium'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Indonesia, Philippines *'' C. debile'' Simon, 1890 –

Chad Chad (; ar, تشاد , ; french: Tchad, ), officially the Republic of Chad, '; ) is a landlocked country at the crossroads of North and Central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic ...

, Yemen *'' C. denisi'' Caporiacco, 1939 – Ethiopia, Congo *'' C. dippenaarae'' Lotz, 2007 – South Africa *'' C. duanbi'' Yu & Li, 2020 - China *'' C. echinulatum'' Zhang, Zhang & Yu, 2018 – China *'' C. effossum'' Herman, 1879 – Central to eastern Europe *''

C. elegans ''Caenorhabditis elegans'' () is a free-living transparent nematode about 1 mm in length that lives in temperate soil environments. It is the type species of its genus. The name is a blend of the Greek ''caeno-'' (recent), ''rhabditis'' (r ...

'' Thorell, 1875 – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to south Siberia), Kazakhstan, Central Asia *'' C. equestre'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874 – Libya, Egypt *'' C. erraticum'' ( Walckenaer, 1802) – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Iran, Central Asia, China, Korea,

*'' C. escaladae'' Barrion, Barrion-Dupo & Heong, 2013 – China *'' C. eutittha'' Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 – Taiwan, Japan, Korea? *'' C. exilipes'' (Lucas, 1846) – Algeria *'' C. exquestitum'' Zhang & Zhu, 1993 – China *'' C. falcatum'' Chen, Huang, Chen & Wang, 2006 – Taiwan *'' C. falcis'' Lotz, 2015 – Gabon *'' C. festae'' Pavesi, 1895 – Israel *'' C. fibrosum'' Zhang, Hu & Zhu, 1994 – China *'' C. filiapophysium'' Chen & Huang, 2012 – Taiwan *'' C. fisheri'' Lotz, 2014 – Madagascar *'' C. floresense'' Wunderlich, 2008 – Azores *'' C. foordi'' Lotz, 2015 – South Africa *'' C. foulpointense'' Lotz, 2014 – Madagascar *'' C. fujianense'' Gong, 1983 – China *'' C. fulvotestaceum'' Simon, 1878 – France *'' C. furax'' L. Koch, 1873 – Samoa *'' C. furculatum'' Karsch, 1879 – Cape Verde Is., Africa, Madagascar,

Comoros The Comoros,, ' officially the Union of the Comoros,; ar, الاتحاد القمري ' is an independent country made up of three islands in southeastern Africa, located at the northern end of the Mozambique Channel in the Indian Ocean. It ...

*'' C. ghanaense'' Lotz, 2015 – Ghana *'' C. gobi''

Schmidt Schmidt may refer to: * Schmidt (surname), including list of people with the surname * Schmidt (singer) (born 1990), German pop and jazz singer * Schmidt (lunar crater), a small lunar impact crater * Schmidt (Martian crater), a List of craters on ...

& Barensteiner, 2000 – China *'' C. gou'' Yu & Li, 2020 - China *'' C. gracile'' L. Koch, 1873 – Australia ( Queensland, New South Wales) *'' C. gratum''

Kulczyński Kulczyński (feminine: Kulczyńska, plural: Kulczyńscy) is a Polish surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Stanisław Kulczyński (1895-1975), Polish botanist and politician * Władysław Kulczyński Władysław Kulczyński (27 Marc ...

, 1897 – Germany, Hungary *'' C. griswoldi'' Lotz, 2014 – Madagascar *'' C. halophilum'' Schmidt & Piepho, 1994 – Cape Verde Is. *'' C. haroniense'' Lotz, 2007 – Zimbabwe *'' C. himalayense'' Gravely, 1931 – India *'' C. hypocyrtum'' Zhang & Zhu, 1993 – China *'' C. ienisteai'' Sterghiu, 1985 – Romania, Albania *'' C. ilicis'' Morano & Bonal, 2016 – Spain *'' C. impressum'' Thorell, 1881 – Australia (Queensland) *'' C. incertum'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869 –

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්‍රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-std=ISO ()), formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an ...

*'' C. inclusum'' ( Hentz, 1847) –

, Central America,

Caribbean The Caribbean (, ) ( es, El Caribe; french: la Caraïbe; ht, Karayib; nl, De Caraïben) is a region of the Americas that consists of the Caribbean Sea, its islands (some surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and some bordering both the Caribbean Se ...

, South America. Introduced to Réunion *'' C. incomptum'' (Thorell, 1891) – India (Nicobar Is.) *'' C. indicum'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874 – India, Sri Lanka *'' C. inflatum'' Wang & Zhang, 2013 – China *'' C. inornatum'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874 – India *'' C. insigne'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874 – India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Myanmar,

Laos Laos (, ''Lāo'' )), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic ( Lao: ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ, French: République démocratique populaire lao), is a socialist ...

, China *'' C. insulare'' L. Koch, 1866 – Samoa *'' C. insulare'' (Vinson, 1863) – Madagascar, Réunion *'' C. iranicum'' Esyunin & Zamani, 2020 - Iran *'' C. isiacum'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874 – Libya, Egypt *'' C. itakeum'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines *'' C. jabalpurense'' Majumder & Tikader, 1991 – India *'' C. japonicum'' Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 – China, Korea, Japan *'' C. jocquei'' Lotz, 2014 – Comoros, Madagascar *'' C. joculare'' Simon, 1910 –

São Tomé and Príncipe São Tomé and Príncipe (; pt, São Tomé e Príncipe (); English: " Saint Thomas and Prince"), officially the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe ( pt, República Democrática de São Tomé e Príncipe), is a Portuguese-speaking i ...

*'' C. jorgeense'' Wunderlich, 2008 – Azores *'' C. jovium'' Denis, 1947 – Egypt *'' C. kabalense'' Lotz, 2015 – Uganda *'' C. kakamega'' Lotz, 2015 – Kenya *'' C. kakumense'' Lotz, 2015 – Ivory Coast, Ghana, Congo *'' C. kashmirense'' Majumder & Tikader, 1991 – India *'' C. kazachstanicum'' Ponomarev, 2007 – Kazakhstan *'' C. kenyaense'' Lotz, 2007 – Africa *'' C. kibonotense'' Lessert, 1921 – Ethiopia, Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda *'' C. klabati'' Merian, 1911 – Indonesia (Sulawesi) *'' C. knipperi'' Lotz, 2011 – Tanzania *'' C. kupense'' Lotz, 2007 – Cameroon *'' C. lascivum'' Karsch, 1879 – Russia ( Sakhalin), China, Korea, Japan *'' C. leucophaeum'' Simon, 1897 – Madagascar *'' C. ligawsolanum'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines *'' C. liplikeum'' Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines *'' C. liuyangense'' Xie, Yin, Yan & Kim, 1996 – China *'' C. longimanum'' L. Koch, 1873 – Australia (Queensland), Tonga,

Fiji Fiji ( , ,; fj, Viti, ; Fiji Hindi: फ़िजी, ''Fijī''), officially the Republic of Fiji, is an island country in Melanesia, part of Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean. It lies about north-northeast of New Zealand. Fiji consists ...

, Vanuatu,

New Caledonia ) , anthem = "" , image_map = New Caledonia on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg , map_alt = Location of New Caledonia , map_caption = Location of New Caledonia , mapsize = 290px , subdivision_type = Sovereign st ...

*'' C. longipes'' (Thorell, 1890) – Indonesia (

Sumatra Sumatra is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the sixth-largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 (182,812 mi.2), not including adjacent i ...

) *'' C. ludovici'' Lessert, 1921 – Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Madagascar *'' C. lukiense'' Lotz, 2015 – Congo *'' C. macedonicum'' Drensky, 1921 – Italy, Slovenia, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania,

Macedonia Macedonia most commonly refers to: * North Macedonia, a country in southeastern Europe, known until 2019 as the Republic of Macedonia * Macedonia (ancient kingdom), a kingdom in Greek antiquity * Macedonia (Greece), a traditional geographic reg ...

, Bulgaria *'' C. madagascarense'' Lotz, 2014 – Comoros, Madagascar *'' C. mahajanga'' Lotz, 2014 – Madagascar *'' C. malkini'' Lotz, 2007 – Nigeria *'' C. mangiferae'' Workman, 1896 – Singapore, Indonesia (Sumatra) *'' C. maraisi'' Lotz, 2007 – Namibia, Botswana *'' C. margaritae'' Sterghiu, 1985 – Romania *'' C. mayombense'' Lotz, 2015 – Congo *'' C. melanostomum'' (Thorell, 1895) – India, Bangladesh, Myanmar *'' C. mertoni'' Strand, 1911 – Indonesia (Aru Is.) *'' C. mildei'' L. Koch, 1864 – Europe, North AfricaEurope, North Africa, Turkey, Middle East, Caucasus, Russia (Europe) to Central Asia. Introduced to North America, Argentina *'' C. minahassae'' Merian, 1911 – Indonesia (Sulawesi) *'' C. minshullae'' Lotz, 2007 – Zimbabwe, Botswana, South Africa *'' C. molle'' L. Koch, 1875 – Africa, Saudi Arabia *'' C. mondrainense'' Main, 1954 – Australia (Western Australia) *'' C. mongolicum'' Schenkel, 1963 – Mongolia *'' C. montanum'' L. Koch, 1877 – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Iran *'' C. murinum'' (Thorell, 1895) – India, Myanmar *'' C. mysorense'' Majumder & Tikader, 1991 – India, Bangladesh *'' C. nalsaroverense'' Patel & Patel, 1973 – India *'' C. nervosum'' Simon, 1909 – Australia (Western Australia) *'' C. nickeli'' Lotz, 2011 –

Mauritania Mauritania (; ar, موريتانيا, ', french: Mauritanie; Berber: ''Agawej'' or ''Cengit''; Pulaar: ''Moritani''; Wolof: ''Gànnaar''; Soninke:), officially the Islamic Republic of Mauritania ( ar, الجمهورية الإسلامية ...

*'' C. ningmingense'' Zhang & Yin, 1999 – China *'' C. occidentale'' L. Koch, 1882 – Spain (Minorca), Italy *'' C. olliforme'' Zhang & Zhu, 1993 – China *'' C. oncognathum'' Thorell, 1871 – Europe *'' C. pallidum'' Rainbow, 1920 – Australia (Lord Howe Is.) *'' C. pauriense'' Majumder & Tikader, 1991 – India *'' C. pelasgicum'' (C. L. Koch, 1837) – Southern and eastern Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe) to Tajikistan *'' C. pennatum'' Simon, 1878 – Southern Europe, Romania *'' C. pennuliferum'' Simon, 1909 – Australia (Western Australia) *'' C. pennyi'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873 – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to south Siberia), Iran, Central Asia, China *'' C. peregrinum'' Thorell, 1899 – Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Cameroon *'' C. pichoni'' Schenkel, 1963 – China *'' C. poonaense'' Majumder & Tikader, 1991 – India *'' C. potanini'' Schenkel, 1963 – China *'' C. punctipedellum'' Caporiacco, 1949 – Congo,

Rwanda Rwanda (; rw, u Rwanda ), officially the Republic of Rwanda, is a landlocked country in the Great Rift Valley of Central Africa, where the African Great Lakes region and Southeast Africa converge. Located a few degrees south of the Equator ...

, Kenya *'' C. punctorium'' (Villers, 1789) (

type Type may refer to: Science and technology Computing * Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc. * Data type, collection of values used for computations. * File type * TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file. * Ty ...

) – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to south Siberia), Iran, Central Asia *'' C. punjabense'' Sadana & Bajaj, 1980 – India *'' C. ransoni'' Lotz, 2014 – Madagascar *'' C. rehobothense'' Strand, 1915 – Israel *'' C. rothi'' Lotz, 2014 – Madagascar *'' C. ruandana'' (Strand, 1916) - Rwanda *'' C. rupicola'' (Thorell, 1897) – Myanmar, China, Indonesia *'' C. russellsmithi'' Lotz, 2007 – Ethiopia *'' C. rwandense'' Lotz, 2011 – Rwanda *'' C. saccharanalis'' Mukhtar, 2015 – Pakistan *'' C. sadanai'' Tikader, 1976 - India *'' C. sakoemicum'' Roewer, 1938 – New Guinea *'' C. salsicola'' Simon, 1932 – France *'' C. sambii'' Patel & Reddy, 1991 – India *'' C. sansibaricum'' Strand, 1907 – Ivory Coast to Zanzibar *'' C. saraswatii'' Tikader, 1962 – India *'' C. schenkeli'' Caporiacco, 1949 – Kenya, Rwanda, Zimbabwe, Botswana, South Africa *'' C. seidlitzi'' L. Koch, 1864 – Mediterranean to Central Asia *'' C. seshii'' Patel & Reddy, 1991 – India *'' C. shilabira'' Lotz, 2015 – Congo, Kenya *'' C. shiluvanense'' Lotz, 2007 – South Africa *'' C. sikkimense'' Majumder & Tikader, 1991 – India, Bangladesh *'' C. silaceum'' Rainbow, 1897 – Australia (New South Wales) *'' C. simaoense'' Zhang & Yin, 1999 – China *'' C. simplex'' Thorell, 1899 – Cameroon, Nigeria *'' C. siwi'' El-Hennawy, 2001 – Egypt *'' C. solidum'' Zhang, Zhu & Hu, 1993 – China *'' C. soputani'' Merian, 1911 – Indonesia (Sulawesi) *'' C. spectabile'' (Thorell, 1887) – Myanmar *'' C. sphaericum'' Zhang, Zhu & Hu, 1993 – China *'' C. stratioticum'' L. Koch, 1873 – New Zealand, Australia ( Tasmania) *'' C. streblowi'' L. Koch, 1879 – Russia (Middle and south Siberia) *'' C. striolatum'' Simon, 1878 – Western Mediterranean *'' C. subinsulanum'' Li & Zhang, 2019 - China *'' C. taegense'' Paik, 1990 – China, Korea, Japan *'' C. tagorei'' Biswas & Raychaudhuri, 2003 – Bangladesh *'' C. taiwanicum'' Chen, Huang, Chen & Wang, 2006 – China, Taiwan *'' C. tanmoyi'' Biswas & Roy, 2005 – India *'' C. tanzanense'' Lotz, 2015 – Tanzania *'' C. taprobanense'' Strand, 1907 – Sri Lanka *'' C. tenue'' L. Koch, 1873 – Australia (Queensland) *'' C. tetragnathoide'' Caporiacco, 1949 – Kenya *'' C. torricellianum'' Strand, 1911 – New Guinea *'' C. torsivum'' Chen & Huang, 2012 – Taiwan *'' C. triviale'' (Thorell, 1895) – India, Myanmar *'' C. trivittatum'' Simon, 1906 – India *'' C. truncatum'' (Thorell, 1895) – Myanmar *'' C. turanicum'' Kroneberg, 1875 – Uzbekistan, Tajikistan *'' C. turiae'' Strand, 1917 – Thailand to Australia (Queensland) *'' C. uncinatum'' Paik, 1985 – China, Korea *'' C. unicum'' Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 – Korea, Japan, China, Laos *'' C. vankhedei'' Marusik & Fomichev, 2016 – Mongolia *'' C. vansoni'' Lawrence, 1936 – Southern Africa *'' C. verdense'' Lotz, 2011 – Cape Verde Is. *'' C. virescens'' (

Sundevall Carl Jakob Sundevall (22 October 1801, Högestad – 2 February 1875) was a Swedish zoologist. Sundevall studied at Lund University, where he became a Ph.D. in 1823. After traveling to East Asia, he studied medicine, graduating as Doctor of Med ...

, 1833) – Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Iran, China *'' C. vorax'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874 – India *'' C. warsai'' Mukhtar, 2015 – Pakistan *'' C. wiehlei'' Chrysanthus, 1967 – New Guinea *'' C. wilma'' (Benoit, 1977) – St. Helena *'' C. wuquan'' Yu & Li, 2020 - China *'' C. zebrinum'' Savelyeva, 1972 – Russia (south Siberia), Kazakhstan *'' C. zhejiangense'' Hu & Song, 1982 – China, Korea

References

External links

* {{Taxonbar, from=Q1245731 Araneomorphae genera Cosmopolitan spiders Taxa named by Carl Ludwig Koch

Venom

Species

See also

References

Further reading

External links