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The Combat Vehicle 90 (CV90) (, strf 90 or Stridsfordon 90) is a family of Swedish tracked armoured
combat vehicle A ground combat vehicle, also known as a land assault vehicle or simply a combat vehicle or an assault vehicle, is a land-based military vehicle intended to be used for combat operations. They differ from non-combat military vehicles such as M ...
s designed by the Swedish Defence Materiel Administration (FMV), Hägglund & Söner and
Bofors AB Bofors ( , , ) is a former Swedish arms manufacturer which today is part of the British arms manufacturer BAE Systems. The name has been associated with the iron industry and artillery manufacturing for more than 350 years. History Locate ...
during the mid-1980s to early 1990s, before entering service in Sweden in the mid-1990s. The CV90 platform design has continuously evolved from the Mk 0 to the current Mk IV with technological advances and changing battlefield requirements. The Swedish version of the main
infantry fighting vehicle An infantry fighting vehicle (IFV), also known as a mechanized infantry combat vehicle (MICV), is a type of armoured fighting vehicle and armoured personnel carrier used to carry infantry into battle and provide direct fire, direct-fire suppo ...
(IFV) is fitted with a turret from Bofors equipped with a 40 mm Bofors
autocannon An autocannon, automatic cannon or machine cannon is a automatic firearm, fully automatic gun that is capable of rapid-firing large-caliber ( or more) armour-piercing, explosive or incendiary ammunition, incendiary shell (projectile), shells, ...
. Export versions are fitted with Hägglunds E-series turrets, armed with either a 30 mm Mk44 or a 35 mm Bushmaster autocannon. Over time, the involvement of Hägglund & Söner has been superseded by Alvis Hägglunds (from 1997) and BAE Systems Hägglunds (from 2004). Developed specifically for the Nordic
subarctic climate The subarctic climate (also called subpolar climate, or boreal climate) is a continental climate with long, cold (often very cold) winters, and short, warm to cool summers. It is found on large landmasses, often away from the moderating effects of ...
, the vehicle has very good mobility in snow and wetlands while carrying and supporting eight, and in later versions six, fully equipped soldiers. Other variants include forward artillery observation, command and control, anti-aircraft,
armoured recovery vehicle An armoured recovery vehicle (ARV) is typically a powerful tank or armoured personnel carrier (APC) chassis modified for use during combat for military vehicle recovery (towing) or repair of battle-damaged, stuck, and/or inoperable armoured f ...
, electronic warfare versions and so forth. Currently, 1,400 vehicles in 17 variants are (or will be) in service with ten user states, seven of which are part of the
NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO ; , OTAN), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental organization, intergovernmental Transnationalism, transnational military alliance of 32 Member states of NATO, member s ...
alliance.


History

During the
Cold War The Cold War was a period of global Geopolitics, geopolitical rivalry between the United States (US) and the Soviet Union (USSR) and their respective allies, the capitalist Western Bloc and communist Eastern Bloc, which lasted from 1947 unt ...
, in 1983, the
Swedish Army The Swedish Army () is the army, land force of the Swedish Armed Forces of the Kingdom of Sweden. Beginning with its service in 1521, the Swedish Army has been active for more than 500 years. History Svea Life Guards dates back to the year 1 ...
required vehicles with high mobility, air defence and anti-tank capability, high survivability and protection. In 1985, the "stridsfordon 90" project group, made up of representatives from the
Swedish Armed Forces The Swedish Armed Forces (, literally ''Defence Force'') are the Military, armed forces of the Kingdom of Sweden. It consists of four separate military branches, the Swedish Army, the Swedish Navy, the Swedish Air Force and the Home Guard (Swed ...
(''Försvarsmakten''), the FMV and Swedish industry (including Hägglunds and Bofors), finalized the design for a "unity vehicle" that originated from an
air force An air force in the broadest sense is the national military branch that primarily conducts aerial warfare. More specifically, it is the branch of a nation's armed services that is responsible for aerial warfare as distinct from an army aviati ...
concept. In 1986, the prototypes for strf 9040 and strf 9025 were ordered. Five prototypes were constructed but, before delivery in 1988, the 9025 version was discontinued. The prototypes were tested during extensive trials between 1988 and 1991, during which prototypes for specialized variants (forward observation, command and control, and armoured recovery vehicles) were ordered. The first deliveries started in 1994. The CV90 has undergone four mark shifts to meet different customer requirements, focusing on capability enhancements.


CV90 Mk 0

The first CV90 delivered (retroactively named mark 0) was for Sweden, and was armed with a Bofors 40/70B cannon (a dedicated
armored fighting vehicle An armoured fighting vehicle (British English) or armored fighting vehicle (American English) (AFV) is an armed combat vehicle protected by armour, generally combining operational mobility with offensive and defensive capabilities. AFVs can b ...
variant of the Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/70) in a two-man turret, which had beaten out the 25 mm
M242 Bushmaster The M242 Bushmaster chain gun is a 25 mm caliber, 25 mm (25×137mm) single-barrel chain-driven autocannon. It is used extensively by the United States Armed Forces, U.S. military, such as in the Bradley fighting vehicle, as well as by other NAT ...
chain gun during initial prototype trials. The Mk 0 has a conventional electrical system and was
fitted for but not with In military usage, fit to receive or fitting "for but not with" describes a weapon or system which is called for in a design but not installed or is only partially installed during construction, with the installation completed later as needed. This ...
appliqué armour systems. The Swedish Army ordered five variants of the CV90. The requirements expressed by the Swedish FMV on signature management were extremely challenging and led to a lot of new design features inherited by all subsequent generations (Mks 0 to III). FMV also prioritized the requirements to provide the best possible design to fulfil user needs. Furthermore, the CV90 was also built for high reliability and ease of maintenance using only standard onboard tools and for conscripts to maintain and operate.


CV90 Mk I

The next variant of CV90, known as the Mk I, was delivered to Norway after winning the country's competition for a new IFV against contemporaries such as the American
M2 Bradley The M2 Bradley, or Bradley IFV, is an American infantry fighting vehicle that is a member of the Bradley Fighting Vehicle family. It is manufactured by BAE Systems Land & Armaments (formerly United Defense) and entered service in 1981, with fi ...
, British FV510 Warrior, and Austro-Spanish
ASCOD The ASCOD (Austrian Spanish Cooperation Development) armoured fighting vehicle family is the product of a cooperation agreement between Austrian Steyr-Daimler-Puch AG and Spanish General Dynamics Santa Bárbara Sistemas. Both companies are now ...
(Pizarro/ULAN). The Mk I variant of the CV90 had a newly designed two-man 30 mm turret, evolved from the 25 mm turret. CV90 Mk I was the first IFV with high-hit probability performance during suppression fire modes, both while the vehicle is on the move and against air targets. The CV90 Mk I incorporated several improvements over the original Swedish CV90. Evaluations of mobility, reliability, lethality, fightability,
ergonomics Ergonomics, also known as human factors or human factors engineering (HFE), is the application of Psychology, psychological and Physiology, physiological principles to the engineering and design of products, processes, and systems. Primary goa ...
, durability and survivability were performed during the CV90 Mk I trial phase for these vehicles, with good results.


CV90 Mk II

The CV90 Mk I was the base for the next development, the CV90 Mk II. The Mk II was produced in three variants: the CV9030 CH (Switzerland) IFV and COM, and the CV9030 FIN (Finland) IFV. Both contracts were won in competition against other IFVs. One significant difference between the two variants was hull size: the Swiss variant is 100 mm higher over the front, with an additional 70 mm over the combat compartment at the rear. Another difference is the Mk II's partial digitization and built-in Health & Unit Monitoring System (HUMS), along with interactive manuals and instructions. The CV90 Mk II's standard armament is the Mk44 Bushmaster II autocannon.


CV90 Mk III

The Mk III variant of the CV90 is a further development of the CV90 Mk II. The areas that underwent the most development were lethality, fightability, electronic architecture, survivability and mobility. The weapon system was upgraded to a 35/50 mm Bushmaster III cannon with an integrated muzzle ammunition programmer and a number of different firing scenarios depending on target setup. The crew station design provides the gunner and commander with a continuous eye-on-target engagement feature (crew members do not need to remove their head from the
eyepiece An eyepiece, or ocular lens, is a type of lens that is attached to a variety of optical devices such as Optical telescope, telescopes and microscopes. It is named because it is usually the lens that is closest to the eye when someone looks thro ...
to see and operate equipment). Further electronic architecture upgrades made the Mk III completely digitized. Mobility improvements consisted of upgraded suspension and enhanced
power-to-weight ratio Power-to-weight ratio (PWR, also called specific power, or power-to-mass ratio) is a calculation commonly applied to engines and mobile power sources to enable the comparison of one unit or design to another. Power-to-weight ratio is a measurement ...
to handle the increased gross vehicle weight. Improved survivability mainly came in the areas of mine protection and
top attack A top attack weapon is designed to attack armored vehicles from above, to take advantage of the fact that the armour is usually thinnest on the top of an armoured vehicle. The device may be delivered as a smart submunition or a primary munition b ...
. Horizontal protection was designed in similar ways to other CV90 variants, i.e. appliqué systems. The first variant of the Mk III, the Mk IIIa, was delivered to the Netherlands and Denmark, and the second, more modern Mk IIIb variant was delivered to Norway.


CV90 Mk IV

The CV90 Mk IV is equipped with a new
Scania Scania ( ), also known by its native name of Skåne (), is the southernmost of the historical provinces of Sweden, provinces () of Sweden. Located in the south tip of the geographical region of Götaland, the province is roughly conterminous w ...
engine, which develops up to , and the latest upgraded X300 heavy-duty transmission. Its maximum weight was increased from 35 to 37 tonnes, with space for two tonnes of additional payload, without a decrease in vehicle agility. It features a new
augmented reality Augmented reality (AR), also known as mixed reality (MR), is a technology that overlays real-time 3D computer graphics, 3D-rendered computer graphics onto a portion of the real world through a display, such as a handheld device or head-mounted ...
system named . The concept fuses data from different systems within the vehicle to filter and prioritize the most critical information, allowing quicker crew decision-making and improved battlefield performance. The Mk IV generation is also the first Western IFV with a qualified Active Protection System. It is equipped with fourth generation electronic architecture supporting future technology adoption and growth.


CV90 Mk V

The Swedish army is supporting the development of an improved variant from between 2023 and 2027. No agreement has yet been concluded between the FMV and the industry on that development. The development goals focus on: * A hybrid electric propulsion system will be proposed and potentially integrated to this version * The C4ISR system is to be fully digitalized * Improvement of the heat, radar and visual signature management of the vehicle * Integrate Beyond Line Of Sight (BLOS)
anti-tank guided missile An anti-tank guided missile (ATGM), anti-tank missile, anti-tank guided weapon (ATGW) or anti-armor guided weapon is a guided missile primarily designed to hit and destroy heavily armored military vehicles. ATGMs range in size from shoulde ...
s.
Akeron MP The Akeron MP (''Akeron Moyenne Portée''),UAV An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) or unmanned aircraft system (UAS), commonly known as a drone, is an aircraft with no human pilot, crew, or passengers onboard, but rather is controlled remotely or is autonomous.De Gruyter Handbook of Drone ...
. Initial tests involving the use of the Akeron MP and of a UAV were performed in January 2023. This variant might be ordered, and it would extend the lifetime of the CV90 in the Swedish Army beyond 2034. An upgrade of the IFV variant (strf 90) including some of these elements is very likely.


Design

Varying customer requirements have led to multiple CV90 variants with major differences in survivability and electronic architecture. Increased protection has led to higher curb weight; the vehicle's combat weight has risen from 23 to 35 tonnes. With increasingly powerful diesel engines, the power-to-weight ratio has remained approximately the same. The track suspension system has seen several successive upgrades. The Mk III version has a digital electronic architecture with several different CAN-buses and digital networks, and is the first IFV incorporating an automatic defensive aide suite which classifies threats and, in automatic mode, can fire smoke and/or the main gun to eliminate or evade targets, as well as instruct the driver on potential threats. At the
Eurosatory Eurosatory is the largest international exhibition for the land and air-land defence and security industry. It is held every two years in the Paris-Nord Villepinte Exhibition Centre, Paris, France. In 2022, it gathered over 1,700 exhibitors and ...
2010 exhibition, a version called Armadillo was presented. The Armadillo shown was an
armoured personnel carrier An armoured personnel carrier (APC) is a broad type of armoured military vehicle designed to transport personnel and equipment in combat zones. Since World War I, APCs have become a very common piece of military equipment around the world. Acc ...
(APC) version. The basic chassis can be readily converted to ambulance, control vehicle or other turreted versions.


Protection

The CV9040's basic armour provides all-round protection against 14.5 mm armour-piercing rounds. Armour protection over the frontal arc is classified, but all models from CV9040B onwards are said to be protected against 30 mm
APFSDS Armour-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot (APFSDS), long dart penetrator, or simply dart ammunition is a type of kinetic energy penetrator ammunition used to attack modern vehicle armour. As an armament for main battle tanks, it succeeds arm ...
rounds. Some variants, including the CV9030N, can be fitted with
MEXAS The Modular Expandable Armor System (MEXAS) is a composite armour system developed by the German company IBD Deisenroth Engineering. MEXAS was introduced in 1994 and has been applied on over 20,000 combat vehicles worldwide. The successor of MEXA ...
, a ceramic appliqué armor that provides protection against 30 mm APFSDS. This armour kit is intended to provide increased protection against
improvised explosive device An improvised explosive device (IED) is a bomb constructed and deployed in ways other than in conventional warfare, conventional military action. It may be constructed of conventional military explosives, such as an artillery shell, attached t ...
s,
explosively formed penetrator An explosively formed penetrator (EFP), also known as an explosively formed projectile, a self-forging warhead, or a self-forging fragment, is a special type of shaped charge designed to penetrate armor effectively, from a much greater standoff ...
s, and
30 mm caliber The 30 mm caliber is a range of autocannon ammunition. It includes the NATO standardized Swiss 30×173mm (STANAG 4624), the Soviet 30×155mmB, 30×165mm and 30×210mmB, the Czechoslovak 30×210mm, the Yugoslav 30×192mm, the British 30×1 ...
armour-piercing rounds. All CV90s are fitted with a
spall Spall are fragments of a material that are broken off a larger solid body. It can be produced by a variety of mechanisms, including as a result of projectile impact, corrosion, weathering, cavitation, or excessive rolling pressure (as in a ba ...
liner, which covers the interior spaces and provides protection for the troops inside against shrapnel and anti-personnel artillery munitions. The CV90 can also be fitted with cage armour, which provides protection against
tandem-charge A tandem-charge or dual-charge weapon is an explosive device or projectile that has two or more stages of detonation, assisting it to penetrate either reactive armour on an armoured vehicle or strong structures. Anti-tank Tandem charges are ef ...
and
shaped charge A shaped charge, commonly also hollow charge if shaped with a cavity, is an explosive charge shaped to focus the effect of the explosive's energy. Different types of shaped charges are used for various purposes such as cutting and forming metal, ...
warheads. The CV90 is fitted with a nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) filtration system accompanied by a chemical detector and radiation detector systems. The CV90 also uses heat-absorbing filters to provide temporary protection against
thermal imaging Infrared thermography (IRT), thermal video or thermal imaging, is a process where a thermal camera captures and creates an image of an object by using infrared radiation emitted from the object in a process, which are examples of infrared im ...
,
image intensifier An image intensifier or image intensifier tube is a vacuum tube device for increasing the intensity of available light in an optical system to allow use under low-light conditions, such as at night, to facilitate visual imaging of low-light proce ...
s and
infrared camera Infrared thermography (IRT), thermal video or thermal imaging, is a process where a thermal camera captures and creates an image of an object by using infrared radiation emitted from the object in a process, which are examples of infrared im ...
s. The CV90 was designed with a very low and compact structure to minimize radar and IR signatures. With every generation of CV90 there has been an increase in payload and corresponding protection levels. The inherent mine protection levels have risen substantially to presently defeat the heaviest (10 kg TNT) anti-tank mines. In December 2016, BAE Systems received a contract from the Netherlands to test the
Israel Military Industries IMI Systems, previously Israel Military Industries, also referred to as Ta'as (), was an Israeli weapons manufacturer. The company manufactured weapons, munitions and military technology mainly for the Israeli security forces (especially Israel' ...
Iron Fist
active protection system An active protection system (APS) is a system designed to actively prevent certain anti-tank weapons from destroying a vehicle. Countermeasures that either conceal the vehicle from or disrupt the guidance of an incoming guided missile threat are ...
on their CV9035 vehicles. Iron Fist employs a multi-sensor early warning system using both infrared and radar sensors to deploy soft- and hard-kill countermeasures against anti-tank rockets and missiles. A decision for integration was to be made by early 2018. In 2011, Hägglunds (now BAE Systems AB) demonstrated a version with an infrared camouflage called Adaptiv, consisting of
thermoelectric The thermoelectric effect is the direct conversion of temperature differences to electric voltage and vice versa via a thermocouple. A thermoelectric device creates a voltage when there is a different temperature on each side. Conversely, when ...
plates capable of posing as many different objects, such as ordinary cars, stones, trees etc. to an enemy IR-viewfinder. It takes 1,500 plates to cover a CV90, at a cost of $100 per plate.


Mobility

The CV90 Mk 0 is powered by a DSI14 engine developed by Scania, which provides 550 horsepower and can reach speeds of per hour. The basic CV90 has a maximum road range of , but the latest generation can reach up to . The CV90 offers quiet movement for improved stealth, high speed over good terrain, and high ground clearance for protection against mines and improvised explosive devices. BAE Systems is considering upgrading the CV90 with a hybrid-electric propulsion system as armies look to cut fuel expenses to respond to environmental issues and fuel economy. A hybrid-electric drive could cut fuel consumption by 10 to 30 percent. The new system would also provide a power boost to move the vehicle. The hybrid-electric combines a standard
diesel engine The diesel engine, named after the German engineer Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which Combustion, ignition of diesel fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to Mechanics, mechanical Compr ...
with a battery pack to provide extra power to propel the vehicle or provide additional electricity. BAE Systems Hägglunds uses the knowledge acquired through many years of hybrid-electric drive development for the military SEP vehicles and the ongoing civilian hybrid-electric projects for forest machines, airplane howlers and loaders. In April 2015, BAE Systems fitted a CV90 with an active damping suspension system derived from
Formula One Formula One (F1) is the highest class of worldwide racing for open-wheel single-seater formula Auto racing, racing cars sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). The FIA Formula One World Championship has been one ...
racing cars. This technology calculates the vehicle's speed and anticipates the terrain ahead, then pressurizes the suspension at independent points to lift the chassis and keep the vehicle level. The suspension, which had been modified to suit a 38-ton armored vehicle rather than a racing car, reportedly increases speed by 30-40 percent on rough terrain, outrunning main battle tanks, decreases vehicle pitch acceleration by 40 percent, gives greater maneuverability and stability for on-the-move gunnery, and reduces crew fatigue and life-cycle costs.


Armament

The basic Swedish CV90 (strf 9040) is fitted with a two-man turret armed with a Bofors 40/70B autocannon and a coaxial 7.62 mm machine gun. The CV90 also carries six 76 mm grenade launchers, which are arranged in two clusters of three launchers; the clusters are positioned on each side of the turret. The grenade launchers are intended for smoke grenades, but can also be loaded with a variety of combat grenades. The CV90 export variants are fitted with a Hägglunds E-series turret, with more than 600 ''E30'' (30 mm Bushmaster II) and ''E35'' (35 mm Bushmaster III) turrets delivered. BAE Systems Australia presented an offer for LAND 400 Phase 3 is the CV9035 with an E35 turret. It provides high commonality with BAE Systems’ LAND 400 Phase 2 CRV offer – the AMV35 – through its use of the same E35 turret system.


Sight

The CV90 is equipped with the Universal Tank and Anti-Aircraft Sight from Saab which has daytime optical, thermal imaging system and Generation III image intensification. The Norwegian IFV, C2, Recce, Mortar and Combat Engineer variants are delivered with the Kongsberg Protector remote weapon station with 360 degrees day and night sights as well as hunter-killer capability.


Production

Production of the CV90 began in 1993, and as of 2014 over 1,200 vehicles had been ordered. In November 2000, Finland ordered 57 CV9030 vehicles. Total cost was €250 million (2008 value), or €4.42 million per vehicle. In June 2004, Finland made another purchase, bringing the overall quantity ordered to 102. This time, the cost was €2.92 million (2008 value) per vehicle. In December 2005, Denmark ordered 45 CV9035 vehicles for a cost of €188 million or €4.18 million per vehicle. The Netherlands ordered 184 combat plus 8 instruction CV9035 vehicles for a cost of €749 million, or €3.9 million per vehicle. Norway initially bought 104 CV90s in the 1990s, buying new vehicles and upgrading the old ones in the 2010s. The Norwegian Army fields 164 CV90s, of which 74 are combat vehicles, 28 combat-engineering vehicles, 24 multi-purpose vehicles, 21 reconnaissance vehicles, 15 command vehicles, and two instruction vehicles. The upgrade of the Norwegian CV90s was estimated to cost around . In August 2023, following a visit by Ukrainian president
Volodymyr Zelenskyy Volodymyr Oleksandrovych Zelenskyy (born 25 January 1978) is a Ukrainian politician and former entertainer who has served as the sixth and current president of Ukraine since 2019. He took office five years after the start of the Russo-Ukraini ...
to Stockholm, he announced an agreement with Sweden to start production of the CV90 in Ukraine. In June 2024, it was reported that the Netherlands will manufacture 180 CV90s.


Domestic variants of the CV90


Domestic variants in service

The following versions were developed by Hägglund/Bofors in cooperation with FOA and FMV for Försvarsmakten as part of the ''stridsfordon 90'' (strf 90)-family. ; ''Stridsfordon 9040'' (Strf 9040): : The original model carries eight soldiers and is equipped with a 40 mm Bofors autocannon. Versions are referred to by the letters A, B or C depending on upgrades. They all are based on the CV90 Mk I. All from A onwards remain in service. :* Strf 9040: Original production version with no gun stabilization and Lyran mortar. Incremental improvements were made during production; all have been upgraded to strf 9040A standard. :* Strf 9040A: Strf 9040 upgraded with extensive chassis modifications and external gun stabilisation on turret front. It has more storage and better emergency exits, and the seats in the troop compartment were reduced to seven. From November 1997, the gun was gyro-stabilized. :* Strf 9040B: Strf 9040A updated with improvements to armament (new fire control software, electric firing pin, fully stabilised gun with internal stabilisation and reserve sight with video camera for the gunner), improved suspension for better accuracy and crew comfort while moving, new instrumentation and new seat belts. :* Strf 9040B1: Strf 9040B modified for international peacekeeping missions. It has a 3P ammunition programmer, climate control and anti-spall liner. :* Strf 9040C: Upgraded version for crew training and international operations. As per 9040B1 with additional all-round armour, laser filtering in all periscopes and tropical grade air conditioning. Due to the bulk and weight of the modifications, only six soldiers can be carried. ; ''Stridsledningspansarbandvagn 90'' (Stripbv 90): : Forward command vehicle variant, used by battalion and brigade commanders. Equipped with communication systems and command and control systems. This variant is only armed with a machine gun and 6 smoke grenade launchers. :* Stripbv 90A: Base variant of the Stripbv 90 series. :* Stripbv 90C: Two were upgraded to C-standard, but have been decommissioned as of 2011. ; ''Eldledningspansarbandvagn 90'' (Epbv 90) : Forward artillery observation variant, used to direct artillery and mortar fire. :* Epbv 90A: 34 initially ordered.FÖRSVARETS MATERIELVERK, Teknisk Order, ALLMÄN, AF, STRF 90, 03, 026800, 19 December 2014 :* Epbv 90C: 8 upgraded for international service, includes air conditioning, additional protection, and more advanced IR sensor. ; ''Luftvärnskanonvagn 9040'' (Lvkv 9040) : Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun vehicle: :* Lvkv 90A: fitted with PS-95 radar from Thomson CSF Harfang (now
Thales Group Thales S.A., Trade name, trading as Thales Group (), is a French multinational corporation, multinational aerospace and defence industry, defence corporation specializing in electronics. It designs, develops and manufactures a wide variety of aer ...
) and a high elevation 40 mm autocannon capable of using programmable ammunition. It is connected to the national air defence net LuLIS. :* Lvkv 90C: Three have been upgraded to C-standard. :* Lvkv 90 TD: There is also a demonstrator, designated Lvkv 90-TD, fitted with infrared video targeting and a fully stabilised gun for firing on the move. ; ''Granatkastarpansarbandvagn 90'' (Grkpbv 90): : Tracked mortar carrier, known as ''"Mjölner"'', a CV90 fitted with two 120 mm mortars. The mortar tubes are supplied by the Slovakian defence manufacturer Konstrukta. :* First order: The 40 CV90 hulls for this project had already been purchased by 2003 and were originally intended to be equipped with the Patria Advanced Mortar System. For economic reasons,
Genomförandegruppen Genomförandegruppen ("''The Implementation group''") was the name of an internal work group that in 2008, within the Reinfeldt Cabinet Office, in Sweden was formed, which, according to a press release later issued by the Cabinet office, had been ...
recommended against it and the AMOS order was cancelled with the vehicles put in storage until
BAE Systems AB BAE Systems AB is subsidiary holding company for the Swedish assets of BAE Systems Land & Armaments, whose ultimate parent is the British defence contractor BAE Systems. The portfolio in 2020 contained the companies ''Systems C-ITS'', involved ...
received a contract in December 2016 to install Mjölner 120 mm mortars on the 40 CV90s to increase the indirect fire capability of mechanized battalions. The first units were delivered in January 2019 and all 40 vehicles had been delivered by 2020. The first 40 CV90 Mjölner will later be upgraded to this standard with the C4I LSS Mark artillery command and control system. :* Second order: In 2022 an additional 20 vehicles were ordered with deliveries scheduled for between 2023 and 2025. :* Third order: In January 2023, a new order of 20 systems was concluded, and the deliveries will be completed by 2025. These systems will get the new C4I LSS Mark artillery command and control system. ; ''Bärgningsbandvagn 90'' (Bgbv 90): :
Armoured recovery vehicle An armoured recovery vehicle (ARV) is typically a powerful tank or armoured personnel carrier (APC) chassis modified for use during combat for military vehicle recovery (towing) or repair of battle-damaged, stuck, and/or inoperable armoured f ...
, equipped with two 9-tonnes winches, and provide a total of 72 tonnes pulling capacity through 4-way pulleys. :* Bgbv 90A: The chassis is based on the Epbv 90A. :* Bgbv 90C: Three have been upgraded to C-standard for foreign operations with A/C and more protection. and at least one has been used in Afghanistan.


Domestic variants in development

; ''Stridsfordon 9035 MkIIIC (Strf 9035 MkIIIC):'' : Infantry fighting vehicle ordered in December 2024 by the Swedish Army, in collaboration with Denmark, and additional ordered for Ukraine. : This variant is to be equipped with the D-Series turret of
BAE Systems AB BAE Systems AB is subsidiary holding company for the Swedish assets of BAE Systems Land & Armaments, whose ultimate parent is the British defence contractor BAE Systems. The portfolio in 2020 contained the companies ''Systems C-ITS'', involved ...
, to be manufactured by Van Halteren Defence: :* Bushmaster III (35 × 228 mm) :* MAG 58C (
7.62×51mm NATO The 7.62×51mm NATO (official NATO nomenclature 7.62 NATO) is a rimless, straight walled, bottlenecked, centerfire rifle cartridge. It is a standard for small arms among NATO countries. First developed in the 1950s, the cartridge had first be ...
) in a pod :* 2 × RBS 58 (Akeron MP) :* 1 × 5 smoke grenade dispensers ; ''Driftstödspansarbandvagn 90'' (DSpbv 90D): : Armoured repair vehicle. This vehicle is designed to carry out repairs at a battalion level. : Its development was ordered in November 2022 to BAE Systems and to the Norwegian Rytek A/S , who already developed engineering variants for the Norwegian Army. ; ''Pionjärpansarbandvagn 90'' (Pipbv 90D): : Pioneer armoured vehicle designed to carry pioneer works on the front line. The variant is based on the Combat Vehicle 9040A where the turret has been removed and replaced with a fixed superstructure, new interior and a larger cargo space. The vehicle has been equipped with a weapons station, dozer blade, surface mine plow and mine drill. The door at the rear has been replaced with a hydraulic ramp for easier entry and exit. Its development was ordered in November 2022 to BAE Systems and to the Norwegian Rytek A/S, who already developed engineering variants for the Norwegian Army. 30 vehicles have been ordered.


Prototypes

These prototypes were planned for the
Swedish Army The Swedish Army () is the army, land force of the Swedish Armed Forces of the Kingdom of Sweden. Beginning with its service in 1521, the Swedish Army has been active for more than 500 years. History Svea Life Guards dates back to the year 1 ...
. ; ''Störpansarbandvagn 90 (störpbv 90):'' : ''An electronic warfare vehicle based on a CV9040A that had its turret replaced with a fixed housing containing a retractable mast and a LEMUR weapons station. Planned in 2002, a single unit was produced before serial production was cancelled for economic reasons and as of 2013 the project is still on hold.'' ; ''Stridsfordon 9040BILL (strf 9040BILL):'' : ''Prototype version of the CV9040 equipped with the Bofors RB56 anti-tank missile. Issues with the sight alignment were unsolved and no units were ordered.'' ; ''Stridsfordon 90120'' (strf 90120 / CV90120-T):' : A Light tank demonstrator armed with CTG 120/L50 (Compact Tank Gun) developed by RUAG. The gun is a 120 mm smoothbore, calibre length 50, with a rate of fire of 12–14 rounds per minute. Twelve rounds are kept ready in the turret bustle, with a further 33 stowed in the hull rear.


Export variants of the CV90

The export versions of CV90 is delivered with the combat proven BAE Systems Hägglunds E-series turrets with armament ranging from 30 to 120 mm. The vast majority of the 600 turrets delivered are fitted with 30 mm or 35 mm guns. The export versions of CV90 is delivered with the combat proven BAE Systems Hägglunds E-series turrets with armament ranging from 30 to 120 mm. The vast majority of the 600 turrets delivered are fitted with 30 mm or 35 mm guns.


CV9030

: Export version with a 30 mm Bushmaster II autocannon. Adopted by Norway, Switzerland and Finland. Within BAE Systems Hägglunds, the original version of the Norwegian CV9030N is known as the CV90 Mk I. The Finnish CV9030FIN and Swiss CV9030CH vehicles are known as the CV90 Mk II.Army Guide web site: BAE Systems Hägglunds CV 90 site (direct link blocked) The CV90 Mk II is also available as CV9030 COM – Command & Control Vehicle. The recently upgraded CV9030N infantry fighting, command and control and reconnaissance vehicles for Norway are known as CV90 Mk IIIb, and this is the most advanced variant currently in service.


CV9035

: Armed with a Bushmaster III 35/50 cannon. Adopted by the Netherlands as CV9035NL and Denmark as CV9035DK. Within BAE Systems Hägglunds, CV9035 is known as the CV90 Mk III.


CV90105

:Turreted
assault gun An assault gun (from , , meaning "assault gun") is a type of armored infantry support vehicle and self-propelled artillery, mounting an infantry support gun on a protected self-propelled chassis, intended for providing infantry with heavy di ...
equipped with a
105 mm 105 mm (4.1 in) is a common NATO-standard artillery and tank gun calibre. The rifled tank round is defined by STANAG 4458. The artillery round is defined by AOP-29 part 3 with reference to STANAG 4425. Artillery Since the early 21st century, mos ...
rifled tank gun/turret. Initially a 1990s design between Hägglunds (BAE Systems) and GIAT (Nexter), using a TML turret, a newer version from 2014, designated a medium tank, features the Cockerill XC-8 turret.


CV90120-T

:Anti-tank/fire-support vehicle (light/medium tank) fitted with a tank turret equipped with a smoothbore 120 mm gun. (RUAG 120 mm Compact Tank Gun)


CV90 CZ

: Export variant designed in collaboration with VOP CZ marketed to the Czech Republic, manned turret variant.


CV90 CZr

: Export variant designed in collaboration with VOP CZ marketed to the Czech Republic featuring a Kongsberg MCT-30 unmanned, remote controlled turret, a slightly raised hull and periscope system.


Armadillo

: Armoured personnel carrier version built on a modular CV90 Mk III chassis. The CV90 Armadillo can be modified to become a personnel carrier, an ambulance, a command and control centre, a recovery vehicle and many other non-turreted variants at low cost due up to 80% commonality among variants. Currently, only the APC version has been built, with five delivered to Denmark for trials.


CV90RWS STING

:
Combat engineering A combat engineer (also called pioneer or sapper) is a type of soldier who performs military engineering tasks in support of land forces combat operations. Combat engineers perform a variety of military engineering, tunnel and mine warfare tas ...
variant built on CV90 Mk I chassis. This vehicle can be outfitted with either a mine plow or a mine roller, and it also has a robotic arm. 28 have been ordered by the Norwegian Army.


CV90RWS Multi BK

: Mortar carrier variant built on a CV90 Mk I chassis. This vehicle is armed with a VingPos Mortar Weapon System outfitted with an 81 mm L16A2 mortar. 24 have been ordered by the Norwegian Army.


CV90 STRILED

: Command variant of the Norwegian Army built on the CV90 Mk III chassis. It is equipped with a standard turret, and the combat compartment received 3 workstations to conduct command tasks for brigade to company level.


CV90 Mk IV

: BAE-developed upgraded variant revealed in January 2018, marketed to the Czech Republic as well as existing customers as an upgrade package. Features include a Scania engine with up to 1,000 horsepower, Perkins X300 transmission, and an increased payload of 2 tonnes. The system also includes BAE's iFighting computer system, which claims to enhance situational awareness, aid decision making, improve ergonomics, and enable autonomous support and remote operation.


CV9035NL MLU

: On 13 January 2021, the Defence Materiel Organisation of the
Netherlands Armed Forces The Netherlands Armed Forces () are the military, military forces of the Kingdom of the Netherlands (mainland Netherlands in Europe and islands of the Dutch Caribbean). The armed forces consist of four service branches: the Royal Netherlands Nav ...
signed a contract with BAE Systems Hägglunds for a mid-life update of 128 CV90s of the
Royal Netherlands Army The Royal Netherlands Army (, KL) is the Ground warfare, land branch of the Netherlands Armed Forces. Though the Royal Netherlands Army was raised on 9 January 1814, its origins date back to 1572, when the was raised making the Dutch standing a ...
, with an option for 19 further vehicles. The MLU project features a wide range of modernisations and improvements. The turret has been completely redesigned and will feature a new main gun installation, a mast-mounted 500 mm extendable
electro-optical sensor Electro-optical sensors are electronic detectors that convert light, or a change in light, into an electronic signal. These sensors are able to detect electromagnetic radiation from the infrared down to the ultraviolet wavelengths. They are used i ...
,
Elbit Systems Elbit Systems Ltd. is an Israel-based international military technology company and defense contractor. Founded in 1966 by Elron, Elbit Systems is the primary provider of the Israeli military's land-based equipment and unmanned aerial v ...
’ Iron Fist LD (Light Decoupled) active protection system,
FN MAG The FN MAG (, , ) is a Belgian 7.62 mm calibre, 7.62 mm general-purpose machine gun, designed in the early 1950s at Fabrique Nationale de Herstal, Fabrique Nationale (FN) by Ernest Vervier. It has been used by more than 80 countries and it h ...
general-purpose machine gun A general-purpose machine gun (GPMG) is an air-cooled, usually belt-fed machine gun that can be adapted flexibly to various tactical roles for light and medium machine guns. A GPMG typically features a quick-change barrel design calibered fo ...
in an external pod and a twin missile launcher for Spike LRII anti-tank guided missiles. Furthermore, the CV90s will be equipped with rubber tracks, upgraded cooling, various cybersecurity improvements and updated command and control infrastructure. Construction of the new turrets will be conducted by Dutch firm Van Halteren Defence.


Combat service


2004: Strf 9040C in Liberia

First use was by the Swedish UN forces in Liberia 2004, where 13 strf 9040C were deployed.


2007: CV9030N in Afghanistan

Since production began in 1993, the CV90 had remained untested in combat until November 2007, when
Norwegian Army The Norwegian Army () is the land warfare service branch of the Norwegian Armed Forces. The Army is the oldest of the Norwegian service branches, established as a modern military organization under the command of the King of Norway in 1628. The ...
CV90s from the 2nd Battalion saw heavy combat during
Operation Harekate Yolo Operation Harekate Yolo ( Persian for ''front straightening'') was a two-part military operation involving NATO, ISAF and Afghanistan government forces against the Taliban as part of the War in Afghanistan. In late October 2007, Regional Comm ...
in Afghanistan. During the first week of November, Norwegian
ISAF The International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) was a multinational military mission in Afghanistan from 2001 to 2014. It was established by United Nations Security Council Resolution 1386 according to the Bonn Agreement, which outlined t ...
forces from the 2nd Battalion and ''
Kystjegerkommandoen ''Kystjegerkommandoen'' (, or ''KJK'') is a unit in the Royal Norwegian Navy. KJK is a marine commando unit trained to operate in littoral combat theatres, filling the role of marines and coastal artillery. The unit consists of coastal rangers an ...
'' based in Mazar-e-Sharif, responded to a
Taliban , leader1_title = Supreme Leader of Afghanistan, Supreme leaders , leader1_name = {{indented plainlist, * Mullah Omar{{Natural Causes{{nbsp(1994–2013) * Akhtar Mansour{{Assassinated (2015–2016) * Hibatullah Akhundzada (2016–present) ...
attack on
Afghan National Army The Islamic National Army (, ), also referred to as the Islamic Emirate Army and the Afghan Army, is the army, land force branch of the Afghan Armed Forces. The roots of an army in Afghanistan can be traced back to the early 18th century when th ...
forces in the
Ghowrmach Ghormach () or Ghowrmach is a town in Badghis Province in northwestern Afghanistan. It serves as the center of Ghormach District. Climate With a mild and generally warm and temperate climate, Ghormach features a hot-summer Mediterranean climat ...
district. Having been heavily outnumbered by the Taliban forces, the Norwegians used mortars and, in particular, CV90s, to suppress the attack. The operation left an unknown number of Taliban casualties, but Norwegian news sources say as many as 45 to 65 Taliban fighters may have been killed, and many more wounded. The CV90 was later used extensively by ISAF forces of the Norwegian Army's Telemark Battalion in May 2008, when the battalion came under heavy machine gun and RPG fire from Taliban fighters during Operation Karez in Badghis Province. The attack left 13 Taliban fighters dead and an unknown number wounded. No allied casualties were reported. In January 2010, a Norwegian soldier was killed when a CV9030 hit a large improvised explosive device in Ghowrmach, Afghanistan.


2010: CV9035DK in Afghanistan

In February 2010, Denmark sent ten CV9035DKs to Afghanistan in order to bolster their contingent in Helmand Province. The Danish contingent had suffered numerous casualties since they began operations in the province in the autumn of 2006. The vehicles are from the Danish Royal Lifeguard Regiment, based in the Northern part of Seeland. They are working alongside MOWAG Piranha IIIC, MOWAG Eagle IV, M113 G3DK and
Leopard 2 The Leopard 2 is a third generation German main battle tank (MBT). Developed by Krauss-Maffei in the 1970s, the tank entered service in 1979 and replaced the earlier Leopard 1 as the main battle tank of the West German army. Various iterat ...
A5DK vehicles, all contributed by Denmark, in the Helmand Province. By April 2010, two of the ten vehicles had been hit with IEDs, in both cases protecting the crew and passengers from personal injury. The vehicles lost two wheels and tracks, and were sent back to the manufacturer in Sweden for further investigation. On 7 August 2010, a CV9035DK hit an IED in Afghanistan, killing two soldiers and wounding another three. The explosion was so powerful that the vehicle was turned over.


2023–present: CV9040C in Ukraine

On 19 January 2023, the
Swedish Prime Minister The prime minister of Sweden (, "minister of state") is the head of government of the Kingdom of Sweden. The prime minister and their cabinet (the government) exercise executive authority in the Kingdom of Sweden and are subject to the Parlia ...
had announced the transfer of up to 50 CV9040Cs to Ukraine to aid against the Russian invasion of the country. It was reported in late June 2023 that CV90s had arrived at the front line, reportedly somewhere around
Bakhmut Bakhmut is a city in eastern Ukraine. It is officially the administrative center of Bakhmut urban hromada and Bakhmut Raion in Donetsk Oblast. The city is located on the Bakhmutka River, about north of Donetsk, the administrative center ...
in the eastern
Donbas The Donbas (, ; ) or Donbass ( ) is a historical, cultural, and economic region in eastern Ukraine. The majority of the Donbas is occupied by Russia as a result of the Russo-Ukrainian War. The word ''Donbas'' is a portmanteau formed fr ...
region. The arrival of the vehicles was reported as a "significant boost" to the Ukrainian firepower. In July,
Forbes ''Forbes'' () is an American business magazine founded by B. C. Forbes in 1917. It has been owned by the Hong Kong–based investment group Integrated Whale Media Investments since 2014. Its chairman and editor-in-chief is Steve Forbes. The co ...
reported that the Russian Army had knocked out the first CV90, hitting the side of the vehicle with a rocket-propelled grenade. The people onboard apparently bailed out of the damaged vehicle. Both videos and photos of the event circulated online. By mid-September, three CV90s had suffered battle damage and one was damaged and captured but no Ukrainian crew members or embarked infantry had been killed. As of 14 April 2025, 20 CV9040C have been visually lost, 9 destroyed, 8 damaged or abandoned and 3 captured. CV90s were reported to have been deployed by the Ukrainian 93rd Mechanized Brigade in the city of
Vovchansk Vovchansk (, ; ) is a destroyed city in Chuhuiv Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, northeastern Ukraine. It hosts the administration of . The Vovcha river, a tributary of the Donets river, runs through the city. Vovchansk had a population of However, th ...
in anticipation of a Russian assault as part of the 2024 Kharkiv offensive.


Operators


Current operators

; : 45 CV9035DKs purchased. : 10 have been upgraded to international operations. In March 2024, a contract for a MLU (mid-life upgrade) was signed by the Defence Acquisition and Logistics Organisation of the Army. ; : 44 CV9035NLs purchased from the Netherlands in December 2014, and now referred to as CV9035EE. The first delivery took place in 2016. That same year, Estonia struck a deal with Norway to purchase an additional 37 surplus Mk I hulls to be rebuilt as support vehicles by the end of 2023. These will be equipped with the Protector RS4 RWS able to fire Javelin missiles. Deliveries from the Netherlands were completed on 1 April 2019. ; : 102 CV9030FINs (57 first batch, 45 second batch), which are unique in that they are equipped with a coaxial PKMT machine gun. ; : 128 CV9035NLs (initial order of 184 vehicles raised to 193). Deliveries were completed in 2011. In December 2014, 44 CV9035NL were sold to Estonia. During 2021 an order for a Mid Life Upgrade of 128 CV9035NL was placed where among other the Spike LRII anti-tank guided missile where integrated. On 11 June 2024, an order was placed for 15 Mjolner self-propelled mortar systems based on CV90, scheduled to be delivered by 2028. ; : 104 CV9030N were purchased in 1994, based on the CV90 MkI chassis. Among these, 17 were upgraded for international missions with air conditioning, additional mine protection, rubber tracks and rear-view cameras, and were designated CV9030NF1, one of which was damaged in Afghanistan and not repaired. : In April 2012, the Norwegian Government decided to modernise and expand the fleet to 144 CV90. :* 110 new Mk III hulls were manufactured for 3 variants, all equipped with a turret: 74 IFV, 21 reconnaissance and 15 command (CV90 STRILED) :** 103 turrets were reused and modernised to the MkIII standard :** 7 additional turrets were manufactured to the MkIII standard :* 34 MkI hulls were reused and modernised, and became 3 variants: 16 combat engineering vehicles (CV90RWS STING), 16 multi-role / mortar (CV90RWS Multi BK), and 2 driver training vehicles. :* 69 MkI hulls were mothballed :In 2014, Estonia struck a deal with Norway to purchase 37 surplus Mk I hulls. :On 18 February 2021, it was announced that Norway had ordered another 12 combat engineering vehicles (CV90RWS STING) and 8 multi-role vehicles (CV90RWS Multi BK), all based on the MkI hulls that remained in reserve. ; : 499 vehicles, of different variants - a total of 549 was ordered but around 50 were donated to Ukraine. In 2016, a contract was signed for a MLU of 288 CV9040s of the A and B version. New designation will be D1 and D2. In February 2022 and in January 2023, the Swedish Army ordered a batch of additional 20+20 CV90 ''Mjölner'' mortar systems. In December 2024, Sweden orderd another 50 CV90 as replacements for the ones sent to Ukraine. In April 2025, the
Nordic countries The Nordic countries (also known as the Nordics or ''Norden''; ) are a geographical and cultural region in Northern Europe, as well as the Arctic Ocean, Arctic and Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic oceans. It includes the sovereign states of Denm ...
announced that several hundred CV90 would be orderd from BEA Hägglunds. ; : 186 CV9030CH, 154 IFV and 32 command posts. The order had an option for 124 additional CV9030CH that wasn't confirmed. Delivery: 1 in 2001, 9 in 2002, 65 in 2003, 68 in 2004, 43 in 2005. In 2020, a life extension was initiated for all 186 CV90's in Swiss service. With the life extension program completed, the CV90 will be able to be in service to at least 2040 ; : Sweden has donated 50 CV9040C to Ukraine as part of its support to counter the Russian invasion. They were delivered in June 2023.


Future operators and orders

; : In August 2024, Denmark agreed to purchase 115 additional CV90 vehicles, the model is the same as Sweden ordered in 2024, the CV9035 Mk IIIC. The deal is valued at €1.35 billion (DKK 9.975 billion). ; : On 24 May 2023, BAE Systems Hägglunds and the Czech military signed a contract worth $2.2 billion for the acquisition of 246 CV90 Mk IV infantry fighting vehicles in seven different variants. Negotiations for the new infantry fighting vehicles had been coordinated with Slovakia, which had also recently selected the CV90 Mk IV. ; : The Slovak military and BAE Systems Hägglunds signed a contract worth €1.3 billion for the acquisition of 152 CV90 Mk IV on 12 December 2022. The contract includes 122 IFV variants armed with a 35 mm autocannon and SPIKE-LR anti-tank guided missiles, as well as the Iron Fist active protection system. Other variants ordered by the Slovak army include command and control, engineering and recovery vehicles based on the CV90 ; : Replacement order for the 50 CV9040C donated to Ukraine. A preliminary design order for procurement of the CV9035 Mk IIIC has been placed, to be able to place a series order in early 2024. The CV9035 Mk IIIC is to be ordered to use the assembly line already in place for the upgrade of the CV9035NL, and therefore speed up the procurement process. A future order of a variant of the CV90 Mk IV will be placed on a later date to expand the Swedish numbers of CV90's in use. The details of the contract were made public in December 2024, the order is made with Denmark (115) and with Ukraine (40) financed by Norway, Sweden and the Netherlands, all of it for €2.2 billion. ; : In 2024, several countries decided to collaborate to supply new CV90's to Ukraine. The initiative was launched by Denmark and Sweden, later joined by the Netherlands. Netherlands Ministry of Defence spokesman Kaj Leers said the Dutch government expects to partly produce at least 180 of the vehicles. : The investments in this initiative are the following: :* €400 million from the Netherlands (June 2024) :* DKK 1.8 billion (USD $264 million) by Denmark (December 2023) :40 CV90 MkIIIC were ordered in December 2024.


Potential operators and orders

; : During the summer of 2023, BAE Systems showcased the CV90 to the Brazilian army. As part of its VBC Fuz programme the Brazilian army is looking at procuring 78 tracked infantry fighting vehicles. ; :In October 2024, based on the military advice, the State Defence Council decided to begin the CV90 acquisition process. Lithuania plans to equip two battalions with CV90 (around 100 IFVs). ; : The Norwegian Army plans to order additional IFV, command vehicles and reconnaissance vehicles for the 4th mechanised brigade ''(Finnmark Brigade)''. It aims at protecting the Norwegian border with Russia, and it should be fully equipped by 2032. The budget estimate is of 2.0 to 3.5 billion Kroner. : As per the new investment plan, it is defined as the Project Number 1116. ; : Romania has a budget of $3.3 billion for 298 infantry fighting vehicles. According to local observers and public information, the potential candidates are the CV90, the ASCOD 2, the Hanwha Redback, and the Rheinmetall KF-41 Lynx. The award procedure is ongoing, a winner will be selected in 2024, and the contract should also be signed in 2024. ; : Slovakia started considering the purchase of CV90120-T in January 2025, due to the cost of new main battle tanks. ; : Ukraine to buy up to 1,000 CV90. On 16 June 2023, Ukraine signed a joint declaration with Slovakia and the Czech Republic to collaborate for the acquisition and the operational aspect of the CV90 Mk IV. On 10 September 2023, Ukrainian Deputy Defence Minister Hanna Maliar said Ukraine and Sweden had agreed on a joint production, mentioning 1,000 vehicles as a goal, without providing any further details.


Evaluation-only users

; : 1 CV9035 Mark III. A combination of budget cuts and upgrades to the existing fleet of
LAV III The LAV III is the third generation of the LAV (Canada), Light Armoured Vehicle (LAV) family of armored personnel carriers built by General Dynamics Land Systems – Canada (GDLS-C), a London, Ontario, based subsidiary of General Dynamics Land ...
s led the
Canadian Army The Canadian Army () is the command (military formation), command responsible for the operational readiness of the conventional ground forces of the Canadian Armed Forces. It maintains regular forces units at bases across Canada, and is also re ...
to cancel the procurement of light combat vehicles, in which BAE Systems Hägglunds was offering its CV90. ; : The CV90120T was on trials in 2007 and later rebuilt into the PL-01. ; : The CV90 competed with the Scout SV as part of Future Rapid Effect System. ; : The CV90 was a contender for the
US Army The United States Army (USA) is the primary land service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is designated as the Army of the United States in the United States Constitution.Article II, section 2, clause 1 of the United Stat ...
's cancelled Next-Generation Combat Vehicle program for the replacement of the M2 and
M3 Bradley The M3 Bradley cavalry fighting vehicle (CFV) is an American tracked Armoured reconnaissance, armored reconnaissance vehicle manufactured by BAE Systems Platforms & Services (formerly United Defense). A member of the Bradley Fighting Vehicle ...
.


Summary


Specifications of variants (domestic)


See also

* * * * * * * * * * * * * *


References


External links


Combat Vehicle 90 profile at Army Technology

BAE Systems CV90 Family




* ttps://web.archive.org/web/20080311125803/http://www.danskpanser.dk/Baeltekoretojer/CV9035MkIII.htm Danish CV9035 Mk III {{Authority control Armoured personnel carriers of Sweden Infantry fighting vehicles of the post–Cold War period Tracked infantry fighting vehicles Military vehicles introduced in the 1990s