''Botourmiaviridae'' is a family of

positive-strand RNA virus Positive-strand RNA viruses (+ssRNA viruses) are a group of related viruses that have Sense (molecular biology), positive-sense, single-stranded genomes made of ribonucleic acid. The positive-sense genome can act as messenger RNA (mRNA) and can ...

es which infect

plant Plants are the eukaryotes that form the Kingdom (biology), kingdom Plantae; they are predominantly Photosynthesis, photosynthetic. This means that they obtain their energy from sunlight, using chloroplasts derived from endosymbiosis with c ...

s and

fungi A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one ...

. The family contains 12 genera. Members of genus '' Ourmiavirus'' infect plants and the other genera infect fungi. The member

virus A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living Cell (biology), cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Viruses are ...

es have genomes which range from 2900 to 4800

nucleotide Nucleotides are Organic compound, organic molecules composed of a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar and a phosphate. They serve as monomeric units of the nucleic acid polymers – deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), both o ...

Structure

Ourmiaviruses are the only members of the family that have a viral structure. The other members are naked and have no

viral envelope A viral envelope is the outermost layer of many types of viruses. It protects the genetic material in their life cycle when traveling between host cells. Not all viruses have envelopes. A viral envelope protein or E protein is a protein in the en ...

or capsid. Ourmiaviruses are

plant virus Plant viruses are viruses that have the potential to affect plants. Like all other viruses, plant viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that do not have the molecular machinery to replicate without a host. Plant viruses can be pathoge ...

es that have a

bacilliform Bacterial cellular morphologies are the shapes that are characteristic of various types of bacteria and often key to their identification. Their direct examination under a light microscope enables the classification of these bacteria (and archaea ...

virion composed of a single capsid protein. The virions have a series of discrete lengths from 30 to 62 nm.

Genome

Members of the family ''Botourmiaviridae'' have positive-sense, single-stranded

RNA Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule that is essential for most biological functions, either by performing the function itself (non-coding RNA) or by forming a template for the production of proteins (messenger RNA). RNA and deoxyrib ...

genomes. Contrary to the hosts they infect (

s and

fungus A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one ...

), their genome is concise and has few redundancies. The genome of the genus ''Ourmiavirus'' has three segments that encode the capside protein (CP), movement protein (MP), and

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) or RNA replicase is an enzyme that catalyzes the self-replication, replication of RNA from an RNA template. Specifically, it catalyzes synthesis of the RNA strand Complementarity (molecular biology), compleme ...

(RdRp). The length of the genome is around 4800 nucleotides. The genomes of the other three genera of the family are nonsegmented and have lengths which range from 2000 to 3200 nucleotides. The genomes of these fungal viruses only encode an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and have no structural proteins.

Taxonomy

The family contains the following genera: * '' Betabotoulivirus'' * '' Betarhizoulivirus'' * '' Betascleroulivirus'' * '' Botoulivirus'' * '' Magoulivirus'' * '' Deltascleroulivirus'' * '' Epsilonscleroulivirus'' * '' Gammascleroulivirus'' * '' Magoulivirus'' * '' Ourmiavirus'' * '' Penoulivirus'' * '' Rhizoulivirus'' * '' Scleroulivirus''

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q69848575 Viruses Virus families