''Ashtapadis'' or ''Ashtapadi'' refers to the
Sanskrit hymns of the ''
Gita Govinda'', composed by
Jayadeva in the 12th Century. The ''ashtapadis'', which describe the beauty of Lord
Krishna and the love between Krishna and the ''
gopi
Gopi ( sa, गोपी, ) or Gopika in Hinduism are worshipped as the consorts and devotees of Krishna within the Vaishnavism and Krishnaism traditions for their unconditional love and devotion ('' Bhakti'') to god Krishna as described in the ...
s'', are considered a masterpiece in esoteric spirituality and the theme of 'Divine romance'. The literal meaning of ''ashtapathi'', 'eight-steps', refers to the fact that each hymn is made of eight couplets (eight sets of two lines). It is also the source of the word ''
ashtāpada'', an Indian
board game, the forerunner of
chess. Although the original tunes of the ''ashtapadis'' were lost in history, they remain popular and are widely sung in a variety of tunes, and used in classical dance performances, across India. Ashtapadis are regularly performed at Kerala temples in the accompaniment of an ''
idakka;'' a genre of music called ''
sopana sangeetham.''
The lyrical poetry of the ''Gita Govinda'' is divided into twelve chapters, each of which is sub-divided into twenty four divisions called ''Prabandha''. The ''Prabandhas'' contain couplets grouped into eights, called ''ashtapadis''.
*
Melody type
*
Rasa (aesthetics)
*
Works of Jayadeva
List of Ashtapadis
Today, the ashtapadis are sung in a variety of tunes and the list below is just a sample of some of the raga scales used. The original tunes of the ashtapadis are unknown and likely lost in history.
['South Indian Music', Prof.Sambamoorthy]
* 1. pralaya payodhi jale (jaya jagadisha hare) - Sowrashtram
* 2. shrita kamalā kucha-mandala (jaya jaya deva hare) -
Bhairavi
* 3. lalita lavanga-latā parishilana (viharati harir-iha) - Huseni /
Vasantha
* 4. chandana charchita nila kalevara - Panthuvarali
* 5. sancharad-adhara sudhā madhura (rāse harim-iha) -
Thodi
* 6. nibhruta nikunja gruham -
Kambhoji
* 7. mām iyam chalitā vilokya -
Bhupalam
* 8. nindati chandanam indu-kirañam (sā virahe tava dinā) - Sowrashtram (also Dwijavanthi)
* 9. stana-vinihitam api hāram udāram -
Bilahari
*10. vahati malaya samire (tava virahe vanamāli) -
Anandabhairavi
*11. rati-sukha-sāre gatam abhisāre (dhira samire yamunā tire) -
Kedaragowla or Pahadi
*12. pashyati dishi dishi (nātha hare) -
Sankarabharanam Sankarabharanam may refer to:
* ''Sankarabharanam'' (1980 film), an Indian Telugu-language musical drama film
* ''Sankarabharanam'' (2015 film), an Indian Telugu-language crime comedy film
* Sankarabharanam (raga)
Dhīraśankarābharaṇaṃ, c ...
*13. kathita samayepi -
Ahiri
*14. smara-samaro-chita virachita veshā - Saranga
*15. samudita madane ramañi vadane -
Saveri
*16. anila tarala kuvalaya nayanena - Punnagavarali
*17. rajani janita guru-jāgara (yāhi mādhava yāhi keshava mā vada) -
Arabhi
*18. harir-abhisarati vahati -
Yadukulakamboji
*19. vadasi yadi kinchid-api (priye chārushile muncha) -
Mukhaari
*20. virachita chātu-vachana rachanam -
Kalyani Kalyani may refer to:
Film and television
* ''Kalyani'' (1940 film), a Hindi film
* ''Kalyani'' (1952 film), a Tamil film
* ''Kalyani'' (1971 film), a Kannada film
* ''Kalyani'' (1979 film), a Telugu film
* ''Kalyani'' (1983 film), an Oriya ...
*21. manju-tara kunja tala keli sadane (vilasa) - Ghanta
*22. rādhā vadana vilokana -
Madhyamavati
*23. kishalaya shayana tale - Nadhanamakriya
*24. kuru yadu-nandana (nijagāda sā) - Suruti / Chakravaham
References
External links
www.odia.org Oriya (Odia) Gita Govinda* http://www.sangeetasudha.org/jayadeva/index.html
* https://gitagovinda.wordpress.com/
lyrics of ashtapathiJayadeva Ashtapathi/Geetha Govindam Lyrics in Carnatic/Bhajanais
Carnatic music
Jayadeva
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