This is a list of

monarchies A monarchy is a form of government in which a person, the monarch, reigns as head of state for the rest of their life, or until abdication. The extent of the authority of the monarch may vary from restricted and largely symbolic (constitutio ...

, past and present, in

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...

A

Aceh Aceh ( , ; , Jawi script, Jawoë: ; Van Ophuijsen Spelling System, Old Spelling: ''Atjeh'') is the westernmost Provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia. It is located on the northern end of Sumatra island, with Banda Aceh being its capit ...

: In the northern region of Sumatra, the Sultanate of Achin or Atjeh was founded at the end of the 15th century. A powerful

Islamic state The Islamic State (IS), also known as the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and Daesh, is a transnational Salafi jihadism, Salafi jihadist organization and unrecognized quasi-state. IS ...

in the 16th and 17th centuries. *

Adonara Adonara () is an island in the Lesser Sunda Islands of Indonesia, located east of the larger island of Flores in the Solor Archipelago. To the east lies Lembata, formerly known as Lomblen. Adonara is the highest of the islands of the archipelag ...

: A state on the volcanic island of the same name ... * Amabi: A state in West Timor (Timor Loro Manu) which formed in 1917 the larger

Kupang Kupang (, ), formerly known as Koepang, is the capital of the Indonesian province of East Nusa Tenggara. At the 2020 Indonesian census, 2020 Census, it had a population of 442,758;Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. the official estimate as o ...

state ... * Amanatun: A state in West Timor (Timor Loro Manu). The sovereignty was altered in 1962. The palace of the Raja moved from Nunkolo in 1952 ... *

Amanuban Amanuban was a traditional princedom in West Timor, Indonesia. It lay in the regency ( kabupaten) Timor Tengah Selatan. In the late colonial period, according to an estimate in 1930, Amanuban covered 2,075 square kilometers. The centre of the pr ...

: A state in West Timor (Timor Loro Manu). The palace of the Raja is called Sonaf Naik (Big Palace) ... * Amarasi: A state in West Timor (Timor Loro Manu) ... *

Ambeno Oecusse, also known as Oecusse-Ambeno (; ) and formerly just Ambeno, officially the Special Administrative Region Oecusse-Ambeno (), is an exclave, municipality (formerly a district) and the only Special Administrative Region (SAR) of East Tim ...

, Ambenu, Ambeno Mosu Talip: A state in West Timor ... * Arun: A state more or less vassal of the Sultanate of Aceh, in the Meureudu area of Sumatra. The state was part of the Federation of the XII Hulubalangs ... * Asahan: Asahan, in east Sumatra, was founded as a state at the end of the 17th century by a son of the Sultan of Aceh. The state represented ...

B

Badung Badung Regency (; ) is a regency (''kabupaten'') of the province of Bali, Indonesia. Its regency seat is in the upland town of Mangupura. It covers districts to the west of the provincial capital of Denpasar, and it has a land area of 418.52&nb ...

: A state created as the result of the fall of the Majapahit empire, after Dewa Agung Ketut, ruler of Bali and Lombok divided his kingdom into several states. *

Bangli Bangli Regency (; ) is the one and only landlocked regency (''kabupaten'') of the province of Bali, Indonesia. It covers a land area of 520.80 km2, and had a population of 259,392 in 2024. It is bordered by Badung Regency to its west, Giany ...

: A state founded after the fall of the Majapahit empire, after Dewa Agung Ketut, ruler of Bali and Lombok divided his kingdom into several states. * Banjar: Founded in the early 16th century by Surianshah as a result of the war for the throne of the heirs of

Negara Daha Negara Daha was a Hindu kingdom successor of Negara Dipa that appears in the Hikayat Banjar. It was located in what is now the Regency of Hulu Sungai Selatan, Province of South Kalimantan, Republic of Indonesia. Early establishment Before the f ...

. Abolished unilaterally by the

Dutch East Indies The Dutch East Indies, also known as the Netherlands East Indies (; ), was a Dutch Empire, Dutch colony with territory mostly comprising the modern state of Indonesia, which Proclamation of Indonesian Independence, declared independence on 17 Au ...

in 1860, but only truly collapsed in 1905 after

Muhammad Seman Muhammad Seman (1836 – 24 January 1905) was the Sultan of Banjar who led the temporary Pagustian government of the Banjar Sultanate in Murung Raya, from the death of his father Prince Antasari in 1862 until he was killed in 1905. Early life His ...

was killed. The Sultanate was restored in 2010 as a traditional government. *

Banten Banten (, , Pegon alphabet, Pegon: بنتن) is the westernmost Provinces of Indonesia, province on the island of Java, Indonesia. Its capital city is Serang and its largest city is Tangerang. The province borders West Java and the Special Capi ...

: Founded in the early 16th century on the collapse of the Majapahit Empire by the son of the King-Priester of Cirebon, the Sultanate of Banten, in western Java. *

Bima Bima city ( Bima: ''Mbojo'') is a coastal city on the east of the island of Sumbawa in Indonesia's province of West Nusa Tenggara. It is the largest city on the island of Sumbawa, with a population of 142,443 at the 2010 censusBiro Pusat Stati ...

: A state existing in the 17th century on Sumbawa Island. *

Bone A bone is a rigid organ that constitutes part of the skeleton in most vertebrate animals. Bones protect the various other organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells, store minerals, provide structure and support for the body, ...

(also spelled Boni): In the Bugi region of the southwestern Celebes (Sulawesi Selatan). The state was founded in 1634, suppressed in 1905, restored in 1931. *

Buleleng Buleleng Regency (; , ''Kabupatén Buléléng''), is a regency () of the province of Bali, Indonesia. It stretches along the north side of the island of Bali from the Bali Strait in the west (separating Bali from East Java) almost to the eastern ...

: A state created as the result of the fall of the Majapahit empire, after Dewa Agung Ketut, ruler of Bali and Lombok divided his kingdom into several states. *

Buton Buton (also Butung, Boeton or Button) is an island in Indonesia located off the southeast peninsula of Sulawesi. It covers roughly 4,727 square kilometers in area, or about the size of Madura; it is the 129th List of islands by area, largest is ...

(also spelled Butung): Lie on in the southeast Celebes (Sulawesi Tenggara). The state was founded in 1332.

C

Cirebon Cirebon (, formerly rendered Cheribon or Chirebon in English) is a port city on the northern coast of the Indonesian island of Java. It is the only coastal city of West Java, located about 40 km west of the provincial border with Central J ...

: A state founded in 1478 as a result of the fall of the Majapahit Empire, split into 4 lineages in 1662 with their own land and palace (Kraton) in Cirebon.

D

* Deli: An 1,820 km² state in east Sumatra founded in 1630. A Rajadom from 1630 until 1814, the state became a sultanate in 1814 when acquiring independence from Siak.

G

Gianyar Gianyar Regency (; , ''Kabupatén Gyañaŕ'') is a Regency (Indonesia), regency (''kabupaten'') of the province of Bali, Indonesia. It has an area of 368.0 km2 and had a population 523.973 at mid of 2022 census. It is bordered by Badung Regen ...

: A state created as the result of the fall of the Majapahit empire, after Dewa Agung Ketut, ruler of Bali and Lombok divided his kingdom into several states. *

Gorontalo Gorontalo ( Gorontaloan: ''Hulontalo'') is a province of Indonesia on the island of Sulawesi. Located on the Minahasa Peninsula, Gorontalo was formerly part of the province of North Sulawesi until its inauguration as a separate province on 5 De ...

: A state and town in the Northern Celebes (Sulawesi Utara), founded in 1667 and suppressed in 1889. *

Gowa Gowa ('' Makassar language : '') is a regency in the province of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. It has an area of 1,883.33 km2 and a population of 652,329 at the 2010 census,Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. increasing to 765,836 at the 2020 ...

: A state founded in the Makassar region of southwestern Celebes before 1300.

I

* Iha: Formerly an Islamic kingdom located in Saparua land, Maluku.

J

Jambi Jambi is a province of Indonesia. It is located on the east coast of central Sumatra Sumatra () is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the list of i ...

: A 53,206 km² state in the south of Sumatra, founded in 1690 and suspended by the Dutch in 1901.

K

Kaimana Kaimana is a district and a small port town in West Papua, Indonesia, and the capital of the Kaimana Regency. The district had a population of 44,332 in mid-2022, while the town had 16,718 and Krooy (the other ''kelurahan'' in the district) had ...

: This kingdom is located in the west of Papua Island, precisely on the Bomberai Peninsula, and has its capital on Adi Island. * Kandis: This kingdom is estimated to be established c. 1 BCE, believed to be the oldest kingdom in Sumatra and the archipelago so far, located in Koto Alang, in the area of Lubuk Jambi, Kuantan Singingi Regency, Riau. * Karangasem: A state founded after the fall of the Majapahit empire, after Dewa Agung Ketut, ruler of Bali and Lombok divided his kingdom into several states among 9 of his chiefs among ... *

Kisar Kisar, also known as ''Yotowawa'', is a small island in the Southwestern Moluccas in Indonesia, located to the northeast of Timor Island. The island now forms two districts ("North Kisar" and "South Kisar") within the Southwest Islands Regency o ...

: An island-state on the north of East Timor, locally named Yotowawa and sometime spelled also Kisser ... *

Klungkung Klungkung Regency (; ) is the smallest regency (''kabupaten'') in the province of Bali, Indonesia. It has an area of 315 km2 and had a population at the 2024 census of 223,720. It is bordered by Bangli Regency to its north, Gianyar Regenc ...

: A premier state born in 1352 after the fall of the Majapahit empire, after Dewa Agung Ketut, ruler of Bali and Lombok divided his kingdom into several states among 9 of his ... * Kubu: A state founded in 1772 in West Borneo ... *

: A federation created in 1917 composed of the principalities of Amabi, Amaabi OEfeto, Foenay, Kupang Helong, Sonbai Kecil and TaEbenu with an elected monarch ... *

Kutai Kutai is a historical region in what is now the Indonesian province of East Kalimantan on the island of Borneo. The region shares its name with the native ethnic group of the region (known as 'the Kutai people'), with a total population arou ...

: Initially called Kutai Kartanegara, the state was called Ku Tei or Big Kingdom by the Chinese. It was known as the first Hindu kingdom in present-Indonesia known as the Kutai Martadipura Kingdom founded by king

Kudungga Kudungga (read: ''"Ku-ṇḍu-ṅga"'', honorific title: Maharaja Kudungga Anumerta Devavarman) was the founder of the Kutai Martadipura kingdom who ruled around the year 350 AD or 4th century AD. Kudungga first ruled the kingdom of Kutai Marta ...

in the 4th century CE, then the Sultanate of Kutai Kartanegara ing Martadipura was formed later in the 15th century after the royalties converted to Islam.

L

Langsa Langsa ( Indonesian: ''Kota Langsa'', Jawi: ), is a city in Aceh, Indonesia. It is located on the island of Sumatra. Apart from a small seacoast to the northeast, it borders Manyak Payed District of Aceh Tamiang Regency to the east and is otherw ...

: A state more or less vassal of the Sultanate of Aceh, in the region of Sumatra. *

Larantuka Larantuka (, ) is a ''kecamatan'' (district) and the seat of East Flores Regency, on the eastern end of Flores Island, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Like much of the region, Larantuka has a strong colonial Portuguese influence. The town (inc ...

: A 3,300 km² state in the Flores islands, founded c1400 ... * Laura: A state on the island of Sumba ... * Limboto: A state and town in the Northern Celebes (Sulawesi Utara), founded in 1667 and suppressed in 1895 *

Lio Lio or LIO may refer to: People *Lio (singer) (born 1962), Belgian singer and actress * Leonel Cunha Guerra (born 1987), Portuguese football player known as Lio * Lee Hyung-sang, nickname Lio (1985), South Korean football player * L.I.O. Petrodol ...

: A state in the Flores islands ... * Lise: A state in the Flores islands ... *

Lombok Lombok, is an island in West Nusa Tenggara province, Indonesia. It forms part of the chain of the Lesser Sunda Islands, with the Lombok Strait separating it from Bali to the west and the Alas Strait between it and Sumbawa to the east. It is rou ...

: A state-island in Bali that became independent after the fall of the Majapahit empire, after Dewa Agung Ketut, ruler of Bali and Lombok divided his kingdom into several states ... *

Luwu The Kingdom of Luwu (also Luwuq or Wareq) was a polity located in the northern part of the modern-day South Sulawesi province of Indonesia, on the island of Sulawesi. It is considered one of the earliest known Buginese kingdoms in Sulawesi, fou ...

: A state founded before 1600 in the Bugis region of the Southern Celebes ...

M

* Majene: A state in the Mandar region in the Southern Celebes ... * Mamuju: A state in the Mandar region in the Southern Celebes ... *

Manggarai The Manggarai are an ethnic group found in western Flores in the East Nusa Tenggara province, Indonesia. Manggarai people are spread across three regencies in the province, namely the West Manggarai Regency, Manggarai Regency, and East Manggar ...

: A state in the Flores islands, founded in 1759. From 1762 until 1815 and from 1851 until 1907, Manggarai was part of the Sultanate of Bima ... * Mangkualaman: it was divided out of the historical holdings of the royal family of Pakualaman on 23 August 2021 as a proposed settlement between Royal claimants with KGPAA Mangku Alam Al-Haj Maulana Abdullah Khalifatullah Al-Jawi as head of the principality. The settlement is based on the historic restoration of the Merdiko Praja Mangkualaman Principality, which was established on March 7, 1822, by the Dutch East Indies colonial government. *

Mangkunegaran The Principality of Mangkunegaran () was a small Javanese princely state located within the region of Surakarta in Indonesia. It was established in 1757 by Raden Mas Said, when he submitted his army to Pakubuwono III in February, and swore a ...

: A 2,579.98 km² state founded on 17 March 1757 in the

Surakarta Sunanate Surakarta Sunanate (; ) is a Javanese monarchy centred in the city of Surakarta, in the province of Central Java, Indonesia. The Surakarta Kraton (Indonesia), Kraton was established in 1745 by Pakubuwono II. Surakarta Sunanate and Yogyakarta S ...

. *

Mappa is a Japanese animation studio headquartered in Nakano, Tokyo (formerly in Suginami, Tokyo). Founded in 2011 by Madhouse co-founder and producer Masao Maruyama, it has produced anime works including '' Terror in Resonance'', '' Yuri!!! on I ...

: A state in the Toraja region of the Southern Celebes ... * Marang: A state and town in the Makassar region in the Southern Celebes ...

N

* Napu: A state in the Middle Celebes. * Napu: A state on the island of Sumba. * Nita: A state in the Flores islands.

P

Pagaruyung Pagaruyung (, other name: ''Pagaruyung Dārul Qarār''), also known as Pagarruyung, Pagar Ruyung and Malayapura or Malayupura, was a kingdom that once stood in the island of Sumatra and the seat of the Minangkabau kings of Western Sumatra. M ...

: The seat of Minangkabau kings of Western Sumatra ... *

Pakualaman The Principality of Pakualaman (also written Paku Alaman; Dutch-spelling: Pakoe-alaman) is a minor Javanese princely state within the Sultanate of Yogyakarta. It was created in 1812 when Natakusuma (later Prince Paku Alam I) was rewarded for ...

: A 417.62 km² state founded on 22 June 1812 or 17 March 1813 in the Sultanate of Yogyakarta in Java. * Palembang Darussalam: The Sultanate of Palembang Darussalam (Sumatra) was proclaimed in 1675 and dissolved by the colonial government of the Dutch Indies on October 7, 1823. * Perlak: The earliest sultanate in Southeast Asia, believed to be accepted Islam as early as the 9th century. *

Pontianak Pontianak, also known as Khuntien in Teochew and Hakka, is the capital of the Indonesian province of West Kalimantan, founded first as a trading port on the island of Borneo, occupying an area of 118.21 km2 in the delta of the Kapuas R ...

: The state of Pontianak was created in Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat) in 1771 but was elevated as a sultanate only in 1778 by the Raja of Riau.

R

Riau-Lingga Riau-Lingga Sultanate ( Jawi: , ''Kesultanan Riau-Lingga''), also known as the Lingga-Riau Sultanate, Riau Sultanate or Lingga Sultanate was a Malay sultanate that existed from 1824 to 1911, before being dissolved following Dutch intervent ...

: A Malay Sultanate existed between 1824-1918.

S

* Sambas: A state in West Borneo ... *

Sekar Manokaris a male given name in India. Sekar may refer to: *Sekar Ayu Asmara, Indonesian songwriter and director * Sekar Ayyanthole (born 1954), Indian painter *Sekhar Basu (born 1952), Indian scientist *Sekhar Das (born 1954), Indian film director ...

: A small kingdom located in Sekar,

Fakfak Regency Fakfak Regency - formerly spelt "Fak-Fak" - is a Regencies of Indonesia, regency of West Papua (province), West Papua province of Indonesia. It covers an area of 14,320 km2, and had a population of 66,828 at the 2010 CensusBiro Pusat Statisti ...

, West Papua * Serdang: A state in East Sumatra (Sumatera Timur), independent from Siak on 16/8/1862. *

Siak Sri Indrapura Siak Sri Indrapura ( Jawi: سياق سري ايندراڤورا ) is a town in Riau province of Indonesia and it is the capital (seat) of Siak Regency. It was the capital of the Sultanate of Siak Sri Indrapura. Climate Siak Sri Indrapura has ...

: A state in eastern Sumatra founded in 1722, split from Johor Empire, and became dominant in the region in the 18th century, and contracted in the following century to the Siak River basin. * Solor Watan Lema: A confederation of five Islamic kingdoms in East Nusa Tenggara. *

Sonbai Sonbai (also spelt ''Sonnebay'', ''Sonba'i'', or ''Sonbait'') was an Indonesian princely dynasty that reigned over various parts of West Timor from at least the 17th century until the 1950s. It was known as the most prestigious princedom of the At ...

: A dynasty in

West Timor West Timor () is an area covering the western part of the island of Timor, except for the district of Oecussi-Ambeno (an East Timorese exclave). Administratively, West Timor is part of East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. The capital as well ...

which was divided in Sonbai Besar and Sonbai Kecil. * Soya: A small kingdom in Ambon,

Maluku Islands The Maluku Islands ( ; , ) or the Moluccas ( ; ) are an archipelago in the eastern part of Indonesia. Tectonics, Tectonically they are located on the Halmahera Plate within the Molucca Sea Collision Zone. Geographically they are located in West ...

. * Sunda: A kingdom in

. *

Surakarta Surakarta (Javanese script, Javanese: , Pegon script, Pegon: ), known colloquially as Solo (Javanese script, Javanese: ; ), is a major List of regencies and cities of Indonesia, city in Central Java, Indonesia. The city adjoins Karanganyar Reg ...

: A 3,635 km² state in Java founded in 1755 after the state of Mataram split into two states.

T

Tabanan Tabanan Regency (, ) is a regency (''kabupaten'') of the province of Bali, Indonesia. It has an area of 839.33 km2 and had a population of 478.390 in 2024 census.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Kabupaten Tabanan Dalam Ang ...

: is a kingdom in central Bali, built by "Shri Arya Kenceng" the chief of the Majapahit Army who attacked the "Bali Kuna" kingdom in the 14th century. Then for 21 generation his descendant ruled Tabanan. *

Tanette Tanette was an Indonesian monarchy founded in 1552 and abolished in 1960. It was located in Barru Regency, South Sulawesi South Sulawesi () is a Provinces of Indonesia, province in the South Peninsula, Sulawesi, southern peninsula of Sulawe ...

: founded around 1547 in South Sulawesi ... *

Ternate Ternate (), also known as the City of Ternate (; ), is the List of regencies and cities of Indonesia, city with the largest population in the province of North Maluku and an island in the Maluku Islands, Indonesia. It was the ''de facto'' provi ...

: A 65 km² state in the Moluccas founded in the 13th century by people from Djaïlolo (today

Jailolo Jailolo is a stratovolcanic complex on a peninsula ( Jailolo Bay), west of Halmahera island. It has lava flows on the eastern flank, a small caldera at the west and south-west sides of the mountain, and hot springs along the north-west coast of ...

). Ternate became the premier state of the Moluccas in 1380 over Djailolo. *

Tidore Tidore (, lit. "City of Tidore Islands") is a city, island, and archipelago in the Maluku Islands of eastern Indonesia, west of the larger island of Halmahera. Part of North Maluku Province, the city includes the island of Tidore (with three sm ...

: is a center of a spice-funded sultanate that arose in the 15th century.

U

Ubud Ubud () is a town in the Gianyar Regency of Bali, Indonesia. Ubud has no status, that is part of the eponymous Ubud District of Gianyar. Promoted as an arts and culture centre, Ubud has developed a large tourism industry. It forms a northern p ...

: A Raja family in the principality of Gianyar in southeast Bali.

W

Wajoq Wajoq, also spelled Wajo, Wajo', or Wajok, was a Bugis elective principality in the eastern part of the South Sulawesi peninsula. It was founded in the 15th century, and reached its peak in the 18th century, when it briefly became the hegemon of ...

: A state founded c.1450 by refugees by Luwu in the Bugi region of the Southwestern Celebes (Sulawesi Selatan). A kind of aristocratic republic governed by a council. *

Wehali Wehali (''Wehale'', ''Waihali'', ''Veale'') is the name of a traditional kingdom at the southern coast of Central Timor, now in Indonesia and East Timor. It is often mentioned together with its neighbouring sister kingdom, as Wewiku-Wehali (Waiwik ...

: A kingdom in the southern part of Central Timor, regarded by the Timorese as the centre of their political culture.

Y

Yogyakarta Yogyakarta is the capital city of the Special Region of Yogyakarta in Indonesia, in the south-central part of the island of Java. As the only Indonesian royal city still ruled by Hamengkubuwono, a monarchy, Yogyakarta is regarded as an importan ...

: In 1755, the Sultanate of Mataram in Java split into two states: Yogyakarta and Surakarta. Both states were subject to the indirect rule of the Dutch until 1949 when Indonesia gained independence and full recognition from the Netherlands.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Indonesian monarchies *

Monarchies A monarchy is a form of government in which a person, the monarch, reigns as head of state for the rest of their life, or until abdication. The extent of the authority of the monarch may vary from restricted and largely symbolic (constitutio ...

Lists of monarchies

A

B

C

D

G

I

J

K

L

M

N

P

R

S

T

U

W

Y

See also

References