Anabheri Prabhakar Rao (15 August 1910 – 14 March 1948) was a

Telangana Telangana is a States and union territories of India, state in India situated in the Southern India, south-central part of the Indian subcontinent on the high Deccan Plateau. It is the List of states and union territories of India by area, ele ...

communist Communism () is a sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology within the socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered on common ownership of the means of production, di ...

guerrilla leader and is also considered a foremost authority of the

Telugu language Telugu (; , ) is a Dravidian languages, Dravidian language native to the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, where it is also the official language. Spoken by about 96 million people (2022), Telugu is the most widely spoken member of ...

. He was an Indian

freedom fighter A freedom fighter is a person engaged in a struggle to achieve political freedom, particularly against an established government. The term is typically reserved for those who are actively involved in armed or otherwise violent rebellion. Termi ...

, considered to be one of the most influential revolutionaries of the

Indian independence movement The Indian independence movement was a series of historic events in South Asia with the ultimate aim of ending British Raj, British colonial rule. It lasted until 1947, when the Indian Independence Act 1947 was passed. The first nationalistic ...

. He was an intellectual, military theorist, diplomat and major figure of the

Telangana Rebellion The Telangana Rebellion of 1946–1951 was a communist-led insurrection of peasants against the princely state of Hyderabad in the region of Telangana that escalated out of agitations in 1944–1946. Hyderabad was a feudal monarchy where mo ...

. He died fighting against the

Nizam Nizam of Hyderabad was the title of the ruler of Hyderabad State ( part of the Indian state of Telangana, and the Kalyana-Karnataka region of Karnataka). ''Nizam'' is a shortened form of (; ), and was the title bestowed upon Asaf Jah I ...

and Razakars.

Early life

Anabheri Prabhakar Rao was born to the couple Venkateshwar Rao and Radhabai on 15 August 1910 in a

Deshmukh Deshmukh (IAST:Dēśamukh) is a historical title conferred to the rulers of a . It is used as a surname in certain regions of India, especially in the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka and Telangana and also in Andhra Pradesh and northern parts of ...

family of Polampally village in Thimmapur Mandal in

Karimnagar District Karimnagar district, also known as Elagandula district, is one of the 33 districts of the Indian state of Telangana. Karimnagar city is its administrative headquarters. The district shares boundaries with Peddapalli district, Peddapalli, Jagitya ...

in the

Hyderabad State Hyderabad State () was a princely state in the Deccan region of south-central India with its capital at the city of Hyderabad. It is now divided into the present-day state of Telangana, the Kalyana-Karnataka region of Karnataka, and the ...

(presently

). Born into a Hindu Yellapu family which had earlier been involved in revolutionary activities against the

Nizam of Hyderabad Nizam of Hyderabad was the title of the ruler of Hyderabad State ( part of the Indian state of Telangana, and the Kalyana-Karnataka region of Karnataka). ''Nizam'' is a shortened form of (; ), and was the title bestowed upon Asaf Jah I wh ...

, Anabheri studied revolutionary movements as a teenager and was attracted to

anarchism Anarchism is a political philosophy and Political movement, movement that seeks to abolish all institutions that perpetuate authority, coercion, or Social hierarchy, hierarchy, primarily targeting the state (polity), state and capitalism. A ...

and

communism Communism () is a political sociology, sociopolitical, political philosophy, philosophical, and economic ideology, economic ideology within the history of socialism, socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a ...

. He became involved in numerous revolutionary organizations against the Nizam. Anabheri gained support when demanding equal rights for the

Telugu Telugu may refer to: * Telugu language, a major Dravidian language of South India ** Telugu literature, is the body of works written in the Telugu language. * Telugu people, an ethno-linguistic group of India * Telugu script, used to write the Tel ...

speaking people under the Nizam. His legacy prompted the youth in Telangana to begin fighting for the Telangana independence and also increased the rise of

socialism Socialism is an economic ideology, economic and political philosophy encompassing diverse Economic system, economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of production, as opposed to private ownership. It describes ...

in Telangana. While studying in the

Nizam College The Nizam College is a constituent college of Osmania University established in 1887 during the reign of Mir Mahbub Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VI, in Basheerbagh, Hyderabad, Telangana. History The Nizampur University College was originally the "Mirsa ...

, he was inspired by the ideals of

Mahatma Gandhi Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (2October 186930January 1948) was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalism, anti-colonial nationalist, and political ethics, political ethicist who employed nonviolent resistance to lead the successful Indian ...

Bhagat Singh Bhagat Singh (27 September 1907 – 23 March 1931) was an Indian anti-colonial revolutionary who participated in the mistaken murder of a junior British police officer in December 1928 in what was intended to be retaliation for the deat ...

Subhas Chandra Bose Subhas Chandra Bose (23 January 1897 – 18 August 1945) was an Indian independence movement, Indian nationalist whose defiance of British raj, British authority in India made him a hero among many Indians, but his wartime alliances with ...

Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Vallabhbhai Jhaverbhai Patel (; ''Vallabhbhāī Jhāverbhāī Paṭel''; 31 October 1875 – 15 December 1950), commonly known as Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, was an Indian independence activist and statesman who served as the first Deputy Prime ...

and entered the Anti-Nizam Movement as a student.

Anti-Nizam Movement

Anabheri played an important role in organising the 4th

Andhra Mahasabha Andhra Mahasabha ( Telugu: ఆంధ్ర మహాసభ, IAST: ''Āndhra mahāsabha'') was a people's organisation in the erstwhile Hyderabad state of India. It was an association started by Telugu people of Telangana region against Nizam r ...

conference. He was elected as the District secretary of office of Andhra Mahasabha at Boiwada in

Karimnagar Karimnagar, also informally known as Elagandula, is a city and District Headquarters in the Indian state of Telangana. Karimnagar is a major urban agglomeration in the state. It is third largest City in the state and Municipal Corporation and i ...

, and Baddam Yella Reddy was elected as the District president. He fought against the Nizam and Razakars. On the call given by Baddam Yella Reddy in September 1947 many people joined the struggle. A Dalam or squad was formed under the leadership of Anabheri Prabhakar Rao. The members of the squads burnt the Records of Patels and Patwaris in about forty villages in January 1948. He was a regional hero who gave a new wave to the revolutionary movement in Telangana. His only goal in life was to free Telangana from Nizam Empire/Razakars. He was known as

/Telangana

Anabheri died in battle aged 37. In a fight against the Police and Razakars led by Nizam's close adviser Khasim Razvi, there was a fierce exchange of fire on 14 March 1948 between the police and the communist squad in the hills and hillocks of Muhammadapur near Husnabad in

Karimnagar district Karimnagar district, also known as Elagandula district, is one of the 33 districts of the Indian state of Telangana. Karimnagar city is its administrative headquarters. The district shares boundaries with Peddapalli district, Peddapalli, Jagitya ...

After death

After the death of Anabheri Prabhakar, the Telangana Rebellion raised high. Every village created youth forces to fight with Razakars. Not only men, women also trained using arms. Later Telangana freedom fighters recognised as Indian freedom fighters, India Government took police action (Sardar Vallabhai Patel leadership) on Nizam and Razakars. The operation, called "Operation Polo", took place from 13 September 1948 to 17 September 1948. On 17 September 1948 Nizam surrendered to the India military. Telangana got freedom and merged in Indian Union. Razakar leader Khasim Razvi was sent to jail for killing thousands of innocent people but later he was relieved and settled in Pakistan. All the names of these comrades, who died fighting can be noticed on the stupa erected in their memory near the hills of Muhammadapur. There is a statue of Anabheri Prabhakar Rao in

in front of Venketeshwara temple. It was erected on 12 January 1994 by then Chief Minister, Mr

Kotla Vijaya Bhaskara Reddy Kotla Vijaya Bhaskara Reddy (16 August 1920 – 27 September 2001) served as the 9th chief minister of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh in 1983 and then from 1992 to 1994. Reddy was a member of the Indian National Congress and was elected ...

. Another statue of Mr. Anabheri Prabhakar Rao, donated by BJP leader Ch. Vidaysagar Rao was unveiled in Husnabad town of Karimnagar district on 22 October 2012 by Telangana armed struggle leader Ch. Kamala Devi in the presence of Karimnagar MP

Ponnam Prabhakar Ponnam Prabhakar Goud (born 8 May 1967) is an Indian politician and Currently Serving as Minister of Transport and BC Welfare in Telangana. Earlier he was a member of 15th Lok Sabha and worked Working President of the Telangana Pradesh Congre ...

, legislator A. Praveen Reddy, former legislators E. Peddi Reddy and Chada Venkat Reddy, freedom fighter Boinpalli Venkat Rama Rao.

References

;General * *Indian Revolutionaries: A Comprehensive Study, 1757–1961, Volume 5 ;Specific {{DEFAULTSORT:Rao, Anabheri Prabhakar 1910 births 1948 deaths

Early life

Anti-Nizam Movement

After death

See also

References